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1 #ifndef _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
2 #define _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
3 
4 /*
5  * Jump label support
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
8  * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
9  *
10  * DEPRECATED API:
11  *
12  * The use of 'struct static_key' directly, is now DEPRECATED. In addition
13  * static_key_{true,false}() is also DEPRECATED. IE DO NOT use the following:
14  *
15  * struct static_key false = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE;
16  * struct static_key true = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE;
17  * static_key_true()
18  * static_key_false()
19  *
20  * The updated API replacements are:
21  *
22  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key);
23  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key);
24  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_TRUE(keys, count);
25  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_FALSE(keys, count);
26  * static_branch_likely()
27  * static_branch_unlikely()
28  *
29  * Jump labels provide an interface to generate dynamic branches using
30  * self-modifying code. Assuming toolchain and architecture support, if we
31  * define a "key" that is initially false via "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key)",
32  * an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))" statement is an unconditional branch
33  * (which defaults to false - and the true block is placed out of line).
34  * Similarly, we can define an initially true key via
35  * "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key)", and use it in the same
36  * "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))", in which case we will generate an
37  * unconditional branch to the out-of-line true branch. Keys that are
38  * initially true or false can be using in both static_branch_unlikely()
39  * and static_branch_likely() statements.
40  *
41  * At runtime we can change the branch target by setting the key
42  * to true via a call to static_branch_enable(), or false using
43  * static_branch_disable(). If the direction of the branch is switched by
44  * these calls then we run-time modify the branch target via a
45  * no-op -> jump or jump -> no-op conversion. For example, for an
46  * initially false key that is used in an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))"
47  * statement, setting the key to true requires us to patch in a jump
48  * to the out-of-line of true branch.
49  *
50  * In addition to static_branch_{enable,disable}, we can also reference count
51  * the key or branch direction via static_branch_{inc,dec}. Thus,
52  * static_branch_inc() can be thought of as a 'make more true' and
53  * static_branch_dec() as a 'make more false'.
54  *
55  * Since this relies on modifying code, the branch modifying functions
56  * must be considered absolute slow paths (machine wide synchronization etc.).
57  * OTOH, since the affected branches are unconditional, their runtime overhead
58  * will be absolutely minimal, esp. in the default (off) case where the total
59  * effect is a single NOP of appropriate size. The on case will patch in a jump
60  * to the out-of-line block.
61  *
62  * When the control is directly exposed to userspace, it is prudent to delay the
63  * decrement to avoid high frequency code modifications which can (and do)
64  * cause significant performance degradation. Struct static_key_deferred and
65  * static_key_slow_dec_deferred() provide for this.
66  *
67  * Lacking toolchain and or architecture support, static keys fall back to a
68  * simple conditional branch.
69  *
70  * Additional babbling in: Documentation/static-keys.txt
71  */
72 
73 #if defined(CC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO) && defined(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)
74 # define HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
75 #endif
76 
77 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
78 
79 #include <linux/types.h>
80 #include <linux/compiler.h>
81 
82 extern bool static_key_initialized;
83 
84 #define STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE() WARN(!static_key_initialized,		      \
85 				    "%s used before call to jump_label_init", \
86 				    __func__)
87 
88 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
89 
90 struct static_key {
91 	atomic_t enabled;
92 /* Set lsb bit to 1 if branch is default true, 0 ot */
93 	struct jump_entry *entries;
94 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
95 	struct static_key_mod *next;
96 #endif
97 };
98 
99 #else
100 struct static_key {
101 	atomic_t enabled;
102 };
103 #endif	/* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
104 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
105 
106 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
107 #include <asm/jump_label.h>
108 #endif
109 
110 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
111 
112 enum jump_label_type {
113 	JUMP_LABEL_NOP = 0,
114 	JUMP_LABEL_JMP,
115 };
116 
117 struct module;
118 
119 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
120 
121 #define JUMP_TYPE_FALSE	0UL
122 #define JUMP_TYPE_TRUE	1UL
123 #define JUMP_TYPE_MASK	1UL
124 
static_key_false(struct static_key * key)125 static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
126 {
127 	return arch_static_branch(key, false);
128 }
129 
static_key_true(struct static_key * key)130 static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
131 {
132 	return !arch_static_branch(key, true);
133 }
134 
135 extern struct jump_entry __start___jump_table[];
136 extern struct jump_entry __stop___jump_table[];
137 
138 extern void jump_label_init(void);
139 extern void jump_label_lock(void);
140 extern void jump_label_unlock(void);
141 extern void arch_jump_label_transform(struct jump_entry *entry,
142 				      enum jump_label_type type);
143 extern void arch_jump_label_transform_static(struct jump_entry *entry,
144 					     enum jump_label_type type);
145 extern int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
146 extern void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key);
147 extern void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key);
148 extern void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod);
149 extern int static_key_count(struct static_key *key);
150 extern void static_key_enable(struct static_key *key);
151 extern void static_key_disable(struct static_key *key);
152 
153 /*
154  * We should be using ATOMIC_INIT() for initializing .enabled, but
155  * the inclusion of atomic.h is problematic for inclusion of jump_label.h
156  * in 'low-level' headers. Thus, we are initializing .enabled with a
157  * raw value, but have added a BUILD_BUG_ON() to catch any issues in
158  * jump_label_init() see: kernel/jump_label.c.
159  */
160 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE					\
161 	{ .enabled = { 1 },					\
162 	  .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_TRUE }
163 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE					\
164 	{ .enabled = { 0 },					\
165 	  .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_FALSE }
166 
167 #else  /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
168 
169 #include <linux/atomic.h>
170 #include <linux/bug.h>
171 
static_key_count(struct static_key * key)172 static inline int static_key_count(struct static_key *key)
173 {
174 	return atomic_read(&key->enabled);
175 }
176 
jump_label_init(void)177 static __always_inline void jump_label_init(void)
178 {
179 	static_key_initialized = true;
180 }
181 
static_key_false(struct static_key * key)182 static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
183 {
184 	if (unlikely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
185 		return true;
186 	return false;
187 }
188 
static_key_true(struct static_key * key)189 static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
190 {
191 	if (likely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
192 		return true;
193 	return false;
194 }
195 
static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key * key)196 static inline void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key)
197 {
198 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
199 	atomic_inc(&key->enabled);
200 }
201 
static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key * key)202 static inline void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key)
203 {
204 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
205 	atomic_dec(&key->enabled);
206 }
207 
jump_label_text_reserved(void * start,void * end)208 static inline int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
209 {
210 	return 0;
211 }
212 
jump_label_lock(void)213 static inline void jump_label_lock(void) {}
jump_label_unlock(void)214 static inline void jump_label_unlock(void) {}
215 
jump_label_apply_nops(struct module * mod)216 static inline int jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
217 {
218 	return 0;
219 }
220 
static_key_enable(struct static_key * key)221 static inline void static_key_enable(struct static_key *key)
222 {
223 	int count = static_key_count(key);
224 
225 	WARN_ON_ONCE(count < 0 || count > 1);
226 
227 	if (!count)
228 		static_key_slow_inc(key);
229 }
230 
static_key_disable(struct static_key * key)231 static inline void static_key_disable(struct static_key *key)
232 {
233 	int count = static_key_count(key);
234 
235 	WARN_ON_ONCE(count < 0 || count > 1);
236 
237 	if (count)
238 		static_key_slow_dec(key);
239 }
240 
241 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE	{ .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(1) }
242 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE	{ .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0) }
243 
244 #endif	/* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
245 
246 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE
247 #define jump_label_enabled static_key_enabled
248 
249 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
250 
251 /*
252  * Two type wrappers around static_key, such that we can use compile time
253  * type differentiation to emit the right code.
254  *
255  * All the below code is macros in order to play type games.
256  */
257 
258 struct static_key_true {
259 	struct static_key key;
260 };
261 
262 struct static_key_false {
263 	struct static_key key;
264 };
265 
266 #define STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT  (struct static_key_true) { .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE,  }
267 #define STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT (struct static_key_false){ .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE, }
268 
269 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name)	\
270 	struct static_key_true name = STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT
271 
272 #define DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name)	\
273 	extern struct static_key_true name
274 
275 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name)	\
276 	struct static_key_false name = STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT
277 
278 #define DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name)	\
279 	extern struct static_key_false name
280 
281 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_TRUE(name, count)		\
282 	struct static_key_true name[count] = {			\
283 		[0 ... (count) - 1] = STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT,	\
284 	}
285 
286 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_FALSE(name, count)		\
287 	struct static_key_false name[count] = {			\
288 		[0 ... (count) - 1] = STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT,	\
289 	}
290 
291 extern bool ____wrong_branch_error(void);
292 
293 #define static_key_enabled(x)							\
294 ({										\
295 	if (!__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key) &&	\
296 	    !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true) &&\
297 	    !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false))	\
298 		____wrong_branch_error();					\
299 	static_key_count((struct static_key *)x) > 0;				\
300 })
301 
302 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
303 
304 /*
305  * Combine the right initial value (type) with the right branch order
306  * to generate the desired result.
307  *
308  *
309  * type\branch|	likely (1)	      |	unlikely (0)
310  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
311  *            |                       |
312  *  true (1)  |	   ...		      |	   ...
313  *            |    NOP		      |	   JMP L
314  *            |    <br-stmts>	      |	1: ...
315  *            |	L: ...		      |
316  *            |			      |
317  *            |			      |	L: <br-stmts>
318  *            |			      |	   jmp 1b
319  *            |                       |
320  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
321  *            |                       |
322  *  false (0) |	   ...		      |	   ...
323  *            |    JMP L	      |	   NOP
324  *            |    <br-stmts>	      |	1: ...
325  *            |	L: ...		      |
326  *            |			      |
327  *            |			      |	L: <br-stmts>
328  *            |			      |	   jmp 1b
329  *            |                       |
330  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
331  *
332  * The initial value is encoded in the LSB of static_key::entries,
333  * type: 0 = false, 1 = true.
334  *
335  * The branch type is encoded in the LSB of jump_entry::key,
336  * branch: 0 = unlikely, 1 = likely.
337  *
338  * This gives the following logic table:
339  *
340  *	enabled	type	branch	  instuction
341  * -----------------------------+-----------
342  *	0	0	0	| NOP
343  *	0	0	1	| JMP
344  *	0	1	0	| NOP
345  *	0	1	1	| JMP
346  *
347  *	1	0	0	| JMP
348  *	1	0	1	| NOP
349  *	1	1	0	| JMP
350  *	1	1	1	| NOP
351  *
352  * Which gives the following functions:
353  *
354  *   dynamic: instruction = enabled ^ branch
355  *   static:  instruction = type ^ branch
356  *
357  * See jump_label_type() / jump_label_init_type().
358  */
359 
360 #define static_branch_likely(x)							\
361 ({										\
362 	bool branch;								\
363 	if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true))	\
364 		branch = !arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, true);			\
365 	else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
366 		branch = !arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, true);		\
367 	else									\
368 		branch = ____wrong_branch_error();				\
369 	branch;									\
370 })
371 
372 #define static_branch_unlikely(x)						\
373 ({										\
374 	bool branch;								\
375 	if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true))	\
376 		branch = arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, false);		\
377 	else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
378 		branch = arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, false);			\
379 	else									\
380 		branch = ____wrong_branch_error();				\
381 	branch;									\
382 })
383 
384 #else /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
385 
386 #define static_branch_likely(x)		likely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
387 #define static_branch_unlikely(x)	unlikely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
388 
389 #endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
390 
391 /*
392  * Advanced usage; refcount, branch is enabled when: count != 0
393  */
394 
395 #define static_branch_inc(x)		static_key_slow_inc(&(x)->key)
396 #define static_branch_dec(x)		static_key_slow_dec(&(x)->key)
397 
398 /*
399  * Normal usage; boolean enable/disable.
400  */
401 
402 #define static_branch_enable(x)		static_key_enable(&(x)->key)
403 #define static_branch_disable(x)	static_key_disable(&(x)->key)
404 
405 #endif	/* _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H */
406 
407 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
408