1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <stdio.h>
3 #include "evsel.h"
4 #include "stat.h"
5 #include "color.h"
6 #include "pmu.h"
7 #include "rblist.h"
8 #include "evlist.h"
9 #include "expr.h"
10 #include "metricgroup.h"
11 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
12
13 /*
14 * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
15 * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
16 * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
17 * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
18 * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
19 * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
20 */
21
22 struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
23 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
24
25 struct saved_value {
26 struct rb_node rb_node;
27 struct evsel *evsel;
28 enum stat_type type;
29 int ctx;
30 int cpu;
31 struct runtime_stat *stat;
32 struct stats stats;
33 u64 metric_total;
34 int metric_other;
35 };
36
saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node * rb_node,const void * entry)37 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
38 {
39 struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
40 struct saved_value,
41 rb_node);
42 const struct saved_value *b = entry;
43
44 if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
45 return a->cpu - b->cpu;
46
47 /*
48 * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
49 * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
50 * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
51 * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
52 * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
53 */
54 if (a->type != b->type)
55 return a->type - b->type;
56
57 if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
58 return a->ctx - b->ctx;
59
60 if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
61 if (a->stat == b->stat)
62 return 0;
63
64 if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
65 return -1;
66
67 return 1;
68 }
69
70 if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
71 return 0;
72 if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
73 return -1;
74 return +1;
75 }
76
saved_value_new(struct rblist * rblist __maybe_unused,const void * entry)77 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
78 const void *entry)
79 {
80 struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
81
82 if (!nd)
83 return NULL;
84 memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
85 return &nd->rb_node;
86 }
87
saved_value_delete(struct rblist * rblist __maybe_unused,struct rb_node * rb_node)88 static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
89 struct rb_node *rb_node)
90 {
91 struct saved_value *v;
92
93 BUG_ON(!rb_node);
94 v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
95 free(v);
96 }
97
saved_value_lookup(struct evsel * evsel,int cpu,bool create,enum stat_type type,int ctx,struct runtime_stat * st)98 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
99 int cpu,
100 bool create,
101 enum stat_type type,
102 int ctx,
103 struct runtime_stat *st)
104 {
105 struct rblist *rblist;
106 struct rb_node *nd;
107 struct saved_value dm = {
108 .cpu = cpu,
109 .evsel = evsel,
110 .type = type,
111 .ctx = ctx,
112 .stat = st,
113 };
114
115 rblist = &st->value_list;
116
117 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
118 if (nd)
119 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
120 if (create) {
121 rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
122 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
123 if (nd)
124 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
125 }
126 return NULL;
127 }
128
runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat * st)129 void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
130 {
131 struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
132
133 rblist__init(rblist);
134 rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
135 rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
136 rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
137 }
138
runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat * st)139 void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
140 {
141 rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
142 }
143
perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)144 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
145 {
146 runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
147 }
148
evsel_context(struct evsel * evsel)149 static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
150 {
151 int ctx = 0;
152
153 if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
154 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
155 if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
156 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
157 if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
158 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
159 if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
160 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
161 if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
162 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
163
164 return ctx;
165 }
166
reset_stat(struct runtime_stat * st)167 static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
168 {
169 struct rblist *rblist;
170 struct rb_node *pos, *next;
171
172 rblist = &st->value_list;
173 next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
174 while (next) {
175 pos = next;
176 next = rb_next(pos);
177 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
178 0,
179 sizeof(struct stats));
180 }
181 }
182
perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)183 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
184 {
185 reset_stat(&rt_stat);
186 memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
187 }
188
perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat * st)189 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
190 {
191 reset_stat(st);
192 }
193
update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat * st,enum stat_type type,int ctx,int cpu,u64 count)194 static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
195 enum stat_type type,
196 int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
197 {
198 struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
199 type, ctx, st);
200
201 if (v)
202 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
203 }
204
205 /*
206 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
207 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
208 * instruction rates, etc:
209 */
perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel * counter,u64 count,int cpu,struct runtime_stat * st)210 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
211 int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
212 {
213 int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
214 u64 count_ns = count;
215 struct saved_value *v;
216
217 count *= counter->scale;
218
219 if (perf_evsel__is_clock(counter))
220 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count_ns);
221 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
222 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
223 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
224 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
225 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
226 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
227 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
228 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
229 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
230 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
231 ctx, cpu, count);
232 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
233 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
234 ctx, cpu, count);
235 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
236 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
237 ctx, cpu, count);
238 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
239 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
240 ctx, cpu, count);
241 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
242 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
243 ctx, cpu, count);
244 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
245 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
246 ctx, cpu, count);
247 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
248 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
249 ctx, cpu, count);
250 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
251 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
252 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
253 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
254 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
255 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
256 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
257 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
258 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
259 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
260 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
261 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
262 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
263 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
264 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
265 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
266 else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
267 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
268
269 if (counter->collect_stat) {
270 v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st);
271 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
272 if (counter->metric_leader)
273 v->metric_total += count;
274 } else if (counter->metric_leader) {
275 v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
276 cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st);
277 v->metric_total += count;
278 v->metric_other++;
279 }
280 }
281
282 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
283 enum grc_type {
284 GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
285 GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
286 GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
287 GRC_MAX_NR
288 };
289
get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type,double ratio)290 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
291 {
292 static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
293 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
294 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
295 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES] = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
296 };
297 const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
298
299 if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
300 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
301 else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
302 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
303 else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
304 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
305
306 return color;
307 }
308
perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist * evsel_list,const char * name)309 static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
310 const char *name)
311 {
312 struct evsel *c2;
313
314 evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
315 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
316 return c2;
317 }
318 return NULL;
319 }
320
321 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist * evsel_list)322 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
323 {
324 struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
325 bool found;
326 const char **metric_names;
327 int i;
328 int num_metric_names;
329
330 evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
331 bool invalid = false;
332
333 leader = counter->leader;
334 if (!counter->metric_expr)
335 continue;
336 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
337 if (!metric_events) {
338 if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
339 &metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
340 continue;
341
342 metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
343 num_metric_names + 1);
344 if (!metric_events)
345 return;
346 counter->metric_events = metric_events;
347 }
348
349 for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
350 found = false;
351 if (leader) {
352 /* Search in group */
353 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
354 if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i]) &&
355 !oc->collect_stat) {
356 found = true;
357 break;
358 }
359 }
360 }
361 if (!found) {
362 /* Search ignoring groups */
363 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
364 }
365 if (!oc) {
366 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
367 static char *printed;
368
369 /*
370 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
371 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
372 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
373 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
374 * events.
375 */
376 if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
377 fprintf(stderr,
378 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
379 metric_names[i],
380 counter->name);
381 printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
382 }
383 invalid = true;
384 continue;
385 }
386 metric_events[i] = oc;
387 oc->collect_stat = true;
388 }
389 metric_events[i] = NULL;
390 free(metric_names);
391 if (invalid) {
392 free(metric_events);
393 counter->metric_events = NULL;
394 counter->metric_expr = NULL;
395 }
396 }
397 }
398
runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat * st,enum stat_type type,int ctx,int cpu)399 static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
400 enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
401 {
402 struct saved_value *v;
403
404 v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
405 if (!v)
406 return 0.0;
407
408 return avg_stats(&v->stats);
409 }
410
runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat * st,enum stat_type type,int ctx,int cpu)411 static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
412 enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
413 {
414 struct saved_value *v;
415
416 v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
417 if (!v)
418 return 0.0;
419
420 return v->stats.n;
421 }
422
print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)423 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
424 int cpu,
425 struct evsel *evsel, double avg,
426 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
427 struct runtime_stat *st)
428 {
429 double total, ratio = 0.0;
430 const char *color;
431 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
432
433 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
434
435 if (total)
436 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
437
438 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
439
440 if (ratio)
441 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
442 ratio);
443 else
444 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
445 }
446
print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)447 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
448 int cpu,
449 struct evsel *evsel, double avg,
450 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
451 struct runtime_stat *st)
452 {
453 double total, ratio = 0.0;
454 const char *color;
455 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
456
457 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
458
459 if (total)
460 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
461
462 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
463
464 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
465 }
466
print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)467 static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
468 int cpu,
469 struct evsel *evsel,
470 double avg,
471 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
472 struct runtime_stat *st)
473 {
474 double total, ratio = 0.0;
475 const char *color;
476 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
477
478 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
479
480 if (total)
481 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
482
483 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
484
485 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
486 }
487
print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)488 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
489 int cpu,
490 struct evsel *evsel,
491 double avg,
492 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
493 struct runtime_stat *st)
494
495 {
496 double total, ratio = 0.0;
497 const char *color;
498 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
499
500 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
501
502 if (total)
503 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
504
505 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
506
507 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
508 }
509
print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)510 static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
511 int cpu,
512 struct evsel *evsel,
513 double avg,
514 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
515 struct runtime_stat *st)
516
517 {
518 double total, ratio = 0.0;
519 const char *color;
520 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
521
522 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
523
524 if (total)
525 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
526
527 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
528 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
529 }
530
print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)531 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
532 int cpu,
533 struct evsel *evsel,
534 double avg,
535 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
536 struct runtime_stat *st)
537 {
538 double total, ratio = 0.0;
539 const char *color;
540 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
541
542 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
543
544 if (total)
545 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
546
547 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
548 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
549 }
550
print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)551 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
552 int cpu,
553 struct evsel *evsel,
554 double avg,
555 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
556 struct runtime_stat *st)
557 {
558 double total, ratio = 0.0;
559 const char *color;
560 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
561
562 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
563
564 if (total)
565 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
566
567 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
568 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
569 }
570
print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)571 static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
572 int cpu,
573 struct evsel *evsel,
574 double avg,
575 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
576 struct runtime_stat *st)
577 {
578 double total, ratio = 0.0;
579 const char *color;
580 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
581
582 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
583
584 if (total)
585 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
586
587 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
588 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
589 }
590
591 /*
592 * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
593 *
594 * Basic concept following
595 * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
596 * ISPASS14
597 *
598 * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
599 *
600 * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
601 * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
602 * (for example branch mispredictions)
603 * Frontend is instruction decoding.
604 * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
605 * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
606 *
607 * The formulas are computed in slots.
608 * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
609 * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
610 *
611 * Formulas:
612 * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
613 * TotalSlots
614 * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
615 * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
616 * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
617 *
618 * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
619 * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
620 *
621 * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
622 *
623 * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
624 *
625 * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
626 * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
627 *
628 * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
629 * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
630 * support Level 1 TopDown.
631 */
632
sanitize_val(double x)633 static double sanitize_val(double x)
634 {
635 if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
636 return 0.0;
637 return x;
638 }
639
td_total_slots(int ctx,int cpu,struct runtime_stat * st)640 static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
641 {
642 return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
643 }
644
td_bad_spec(int ctx,int cpu,struct runtime_stat * st)645 static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
646 {
647 double bad_spec = 0;
648 double total_slots;
649 double total;
650
651 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
652 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
653 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
654
655 total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
656 if (total_slots)
657 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
658 return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
659 }
660
td_retiring(int ctx,int cpu,struct runtime_stat * st)661 static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
662 {
663 double retiring = 0;
664 double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
665 double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
666 ctx, cpu);
667
668 if (total_slots)
669 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
670 return retiring;
671 }
672
td_fe_bound(int ctx,int cpu,struct runtime_stat * st)673 static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
674 {
675 double fe_bound = 0;
676 double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
677 double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
678 ctx, cpu);
679
680 if (total_slots)
681 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
682 return fe_bound;
683 }
684
td_be_bound(int ctx,int cpu,struct runtime_stat * st)685 static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
686 {
687 double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
688 td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
689 td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
690 if (sum == 0)
691 return 0;
692 return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
693 }
694
print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config * config,int cpu,struct evsel * evsel,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)695 static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config,
696 int cpu, struct evsel *evsel,
697 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
698 struct runtime_stat *st)
699 {
700 double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
701 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
702 const char *color = NULL;
703
704 smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
705 aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
706 cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
707
708 if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
709 return;
710
711 if (smi_num)
712 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
713
714 if (cost > 10)
715 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
716 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
717 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
718 }
719
generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config * config,const char * metric_expr,struct evsel ** metric_events,char * name,const char * metric_name,const char * metric_unit,double avg,int cpu,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct runtime_stat * st)720 static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
721 const char *metric_expr,
722 struct evsel **metric_events,
723 char *name,
724 const char *metric_name,
725 const char *metric_unit,
726 double avg,
727 int cpu,
728 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
729 struct runtime_stat *st)
730 {
731 print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
732 struct parse_ctx pctx;
733 double ratio, scale;
734 int i;
735 void *ctxp = out->ctx;
736 char *n, *pn;
737
738 expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
739 /* Must be first id entry */
740 expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
741 for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
742 struct saved_value *v;
743 struct stats *stats;
744 u64 metric_total = 0;
745
746 if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
747 stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
748 scale = 1e-9;
749 } else {
750 v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
751 STAT_NONE, 0, st);
752 if (!v)
753 break;
754 stats = &v->stats;
755 scale = 1.0;
756
757 if (v->metric_other)
758 metric_total = v->metric_total;
759 }
760
761 n = strdup(metric_events[i]->name);
762 if (!n)
763 return;
764 /*
765 * This display code with --no-merge adds [cpu] postfixes.
766 * These are not supported by the parser. Remove everything
767 * after the space.
768 */
769 pn = strchr(n, ' ');
770 if (pn)
771 *pn = 0;
772
773 if (metric_total)
774 expr__add_id(&pctx, n, metric_total);
775 else
776 expr__add_id(&pctx, n, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
777 }
778
779 if (!metric_events[i]) {
780 const char *p = metric_expr;
781
782 if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0) {
783 char *unit;
784 char metric_bf[64];
785
786 if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
787 if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
788 &unit, &scale) >= 0) {
789 ratio *= scale;
790 }
791
792 scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
793 "%s %s", unit, metric_name);
794 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
795 metric_bf, ratio);
796 } else {
797 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
798 metric_name ?
799 metric_name :
800 out->force_header ? name : "",
801 ratio);
802 }
803 } else {
804 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
805 out->force_header ?
806 (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
807 }
808 } else
809 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
810
811 for (i = 1; i < pctx.num_ids; i++)
812 zfree(&pctx.ids[i].name);
813 }
814
perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config * config,struct evsel * evsel,double avg,int cpu,struct perf_stat_output_ctx * out,struct rblist * metric_events,struct runtime_stat * st)815 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
816 struct evsel *evsel,
817 double avg, int cpu,
818 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
819 struct rblist *metric_events,
820 struct runtime_stat *st)
821 {
822 void *ctxp = out->ctx;
823 print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
824 double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
825 const char *color = NULL;
826 int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
827 struct metric_event *me;
828 int num = 1;
829
830 if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
831 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
832
833 if (total) {
834 ratio = avg / total;
835 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
836 "insn per cycle", ratio);
837 } else {
838 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
839 }
840
841 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
842 ctx, cpu);
843
844 total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
845 STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
846 ctx, cpu));
847
848 if (total && avg) {
849 out->new_line(config, ctxp);
850 ratio = total / avg;
851 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
852 "stalled cycles per insn",
853 ratio);
854 }
855 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
856 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
857 print_branch_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
858 else
859 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
860 } else if (
861 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
862 evsel->core.attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
863 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
864 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
865
866 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
867 print_l1_dcache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
868 else
869 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
870 } else if (
871 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
872 evsel->core.attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
873 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
874 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
875
876 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
877 print_l1_icache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
878 else
879 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
880 } else if (
881 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
882 evsel->core.attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
883 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
884 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
885
886 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
887 print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
888 else
889 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
890 } else if (
891 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
892 evsel->core.attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
893 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
894 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
895
896 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
897 print_itlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
898 else
899 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
900 } else if (
901 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
902 evsel->core.attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
903 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
904 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
905
906 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
907 print_ll_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
908 else
909 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
910 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
911 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
912
913 if (total)
914 ratio = avg * 100 / total;
915
916 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
917 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
918 "of all cache refs", ratio);
919 else
920 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
921 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
922 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
923 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
924 print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
925 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
926 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
927
928 if (total) {
929 ratio = avg / total;
930 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
931 } else {
932 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
933 }
934 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
935 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
936
937 if (total)
938 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
939 "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
940 100.0 * (avg / total));
941 else
942 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
943 0);
944 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
945 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
946 total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
947
948 if (total2 < avg)
949 total2 = avg;
950 if (total)
951 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
952 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
953 else
954 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
955 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
956 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
957 ctx, cpu);
958
959 if (avg)
960 ratio = total / avg;
961
962 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
963 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
964 "cycles / transaction", ratio);
965 else
966 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
967 0);
968 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
969 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
970 ctx, cpu);
971
972 if (avg)
973 ratio = total / avg;
974
975 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
976 } else if (perf_evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
977 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
978 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
979 avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
980 else
981 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
982 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
983 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
984
985 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
986 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
987 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
988 fe_bound * 100.);
989 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
990 double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
991
992 if (retiring > 0.7)
993 color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
994 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
995 retiring * 100.);
996 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
997 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
998
999 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1000 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1001 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1002 bad_spec * 100.);
1003 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1004 double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
1005 const char *name = "backend bound";
1006 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1007
1008 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1009 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1010 have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1011 "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1012 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1013 name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1014
1015 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1016 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1017 if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
1018 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1019 be_bound * 100.);
1020 else
1021 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1022 } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1023 generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
1024 evsel->metric_name, NULL, avg, cpu, out, st);
1025 } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
1026 char unit = 'M';
1027 char unit_buf[10];
1028
1029 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
1030
1031 if (total)
1032 ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
1033 if (ratio < 0.001) {
1034 ratio *= 1000;
1035 unit = 'K';
1036 }
1037 snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1038 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
1039 } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1040 print_smi_cost(config, cpu, evsel, out, st);
1041 } else {
1042 num = 0;
1043 }
1044
1045 if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1046 struct metric_expr *mexp;
1047
1048 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1049 if (num++ > 0)
1050 out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1051 generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1052 evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1053 mexp->metric_unit, avg, cpu, out, st);
1054 }
1055 }
1056 if (num == 0)
1057 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1058 }
1059