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1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /* Authentication token and access key management
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
6  *
7  * See Documentation/security/keys/core.rst for information on keys/keyrings.
8  */
9 
10 #ifndef _LINUX_KEY_H
11 #define _LINUX_KEY_H
12 
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/list.h>
15 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
16 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
17 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
18 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
19 #include <linux/atomic.h>
20 #include <linux/assoc_array.h>
21 #include <linux/refcount.h>
22 #include <linux/time64.h>
23 
24 #ifdef __KERNEL__
25 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
26 
27 /* key handle serial number */
28 typedef int32_t key_serial_t;
29 
30 /* key handle permissions mask */
31 typedef uint32_t key_perm_t;
32 
33 struct key;
34 struct net;
35 
36 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
37 
38 #undef KEY_DEBUGGING
39 
40 #define KEY_POS_VIEW	0x01000000	/* possessor can view a key's attributes */
41 #define KEY_POS_READ	0x02000000	/* possessor can read key payload / view keyring */
42 #define KEY_POS_WRITE	0x04000000	/* possessor can update key payload / add link to keyring */
43 #define KEY_POS_SEARCH	0x08000000	/* possessor can find a key in search / search a keyring */
44 #define KEY_POS_LINK	0x10000000	/* possessor can create a link to a key/keyring */
45 #define KEY_POS_SETATTR	0x20000000	/* possessor can set key attributes */
46 #define KEY_POS_ALL	0x3f000000
47 
48 #define KEY_USR_VIEW	0x00010000	/* user permissions... */
49 #define KEY_USR_READ	0x00020000
50 #define KEY_USR_WRITE	0x00040000
51 #define KEY_USR_SEARCH	0x00080000
52 #define KEY_USR_LINK	0x00100000
53 #define KEY_USR_SETATTR	0x00200000
54 #define KEY_USR_ALL	0x003f0000
55 
56 #define KEY_GRP_VIEW	0x00000100	/* group permissions... */
57 #define KEY_GRP_READ	0x00000200
58 #define KEY_GRP_WRITE	0x00000400
59 #define KEY_GRP_SEARCH	0x00000800
60 #define KEY_GRP_LINK	0x00001000
61 #define KEY_GRP_SETATTR	0x00002000
62 #define KEY_GRP_ALL	0x00003f00
63 
64 #define KEY_OTH_VIEW	0x00000001	/* third party permissions... */
65 #define KEY_OTH_READ	0x00000002
66 #define KEY_OTH_WRITE	0x00000004
67 #define KEY_OTH_SEARCH	0x00000008
68 #define KEY_OTH_LINK	0x00000010
69 #define KEY_OTH_SETATTR	0x00000020
70 #define KEY_OTH_ALL	0x0000003f
71 
72 #define KEY_PERM_UNDEF	0xffffffff
73 
74 /*
75  * The permissions required on a key that we're looking up.
76  */
77 enum key_need_perm {
78 	KEY_NEED_UNSPECIFIED,	/* Needed permission unspecified */
79 	KEY_NEED_VIEW,		/* Require permission to view attributes */
80 	KEY_NEED_READ,		/* Require permission to read content */
81 	KEY_NEED_WRITE,		/* Require permission to update / modify */
82 	KEY_NEED_SEARCH,	/* Require permission to search (keyring) or find (key) */
83 	KEY_NEED_LINK,		/* Require permission to link */
84 	KEY_NEED_SETATTR,	/* Require permission to change attributes */
85 	KEY_NEED_UNLINK,	/* Require permission to unlink key */
86 	KEY_SYSADMIN_OVERRIDE,	/* Special: override by CAP_SYS_ADMIN */
87 	KEY_AUTHTOKEN_OVERRIDE,	/* Special: override by possession of auth token */
88 	KEY_DEFER_PERM_CHECK,	/* Special: permission check is deferred */
89 };
90 
91 struct seq_file;
92 struct user_struct;
93 struct signal_struct;
94 struct cred;
95 
96 struct key_type;
97 struct key_owner;
98 struct key_tag;
99 struct keyring_list;
100 struct keyring_name;
101 
102 struct key_tag {
103 	struct rcu_head		rcu;
104 	refcount_t		usage;
105 	bool			removed;	/* T when subject removed */
106 };
107 
108 struct keyring_index_key {
109 	/* [!] If this structure is altered, the union in struct key must change too! */
110 	unsigned long		hash;			/* Hash value */
111 	union {
112 		struct {
113 #ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN /* Put desc_len at the LSB of x */
114 			u16	desc_len;
115 			char	desc[sizeof(long) - 2];	/* First few chars of description */
116 #else
117 			char	desc[sizeof(long) - 2];	/* First few chars of description */
118 			u16	desc_len;
119 #endif
120 		};
121 		unsigned long x;
122 	};
123 	struct key_type		*type;
124 	struct key_tag		*domain_tag;	/* Domain of operation */
125 	const char		*description;
126 };
127 
128 union key_payload {
129 	void __rcu		*rcu_data0;
130 	void			*data[4];
131 };
132 
133 /*****************************************************************************/
134 /*
135  * key reference with possession attribute handling
136  *
137  * NOTE! key_ref_t is a typedef'd pointer to a type that is not actually
138  * defined. This is because we abuse the bottom bit of the reference to carry a
139  * flag to indicate whether the calling process possesses that key in one of
140  * its keyrings.
141  *
142  * the key_ref_t has been made a separate type so that the compiler can reject
143  * attempts to dereference it without proper conversion.
144  *
145  * the three functions are used to assemble and disassemble references
146  */
147 typedef struct __key_reference_with_attributes *key_ref_t;
148 
make_key_ref(const struct key * key,bool possession)149 static inline key_ref_t make_key_ref(const struct key *key,
150 				     bool possession)
151 {
152 	return (key_ref_t) ((unsigned long) key | possession);
153 }
154 
key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)155 static inline struct key *key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)
156 {
157 	return (struct key *) ((unsigned long) key_ref & ~1UL);
158 }
159 
is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)160 static inline bool is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)
161 {
162 	return (unsigned long) key_ref & 1UL;
163 }
164 
165 typedef int (*key_restrict_link_func_t)(struct key *dest_keyring,
166 					const struct key_type *type,
167 					const union key_payload *payload,
168 					struct key *restriction_key);
169 
170 struct key_restriction {
171 	key_restrict_link_func_t check;
172 	struct key *key;
173 	struct key_type *keytype;
174 };
175 
176 enum key_state {
177 	KEY_IS_UNINSTANTIATED,
178 	KEY_IS_POSITIVE,		/* Positively instantiated */
179 };
180 
181 /*****************************************************************************/
182 /*
183  * authentication token / access credential / keyring
184  * - types of key include:
185  *   - keyrings
186  *   - disk encryption IDs
187  *   - Kerberos TGTs and tickets
188  */
189 struct key {
190 	refcount_t		usage;		/* number of references */
191 	key_serial_t		serial;		/* key serial number */
192 	union {
193 		struct list_head graveyard_link;
194 		struct rb_node	serial_node;
195 	};
196 #ifdef CONFIG_KEY_NOTIFICATIONS
197 	struct watch_list	*watchers;	/* Entities watching this key for changes */
198 #endif
199 	struct rw_semaphore	sem;		/* change vs change sem */
200 	struct key_user		*user;		/* owner of this key */
201 	void			*security;	/* security data for this key */
202 	union {
203 		time64_t	expiry;		/* time at which key expires (or 0) */
204 		time64_t	revoked_at;	/* time at which key was revoked */
205 	};
206 	time64_t		last_used_at;	/* last time used for LRU keyring discard */
207 	kuid_t			uid;
208 	kgid_t			gid;
209 	key_perm_t		perm;		/* access permissions */
210 	unsigned short		quotalen;	/* length added to quota */
211 	unsigned short		datalen;	/* payload data length
212 						 * - may not match RCU dereferenced payload
213 						 * - payload should contain own length
214 						 */
215 	short			state;		/* Key state (+) or rejection error (-) */
216 
217 #ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
218 	unsigned		magic;
219 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC		0x18273645u
220 #endif
221 
222 	unsigned long		flags;		/* status flags (change with bitops) */
223 #define KEY_FLAG_DEAD		0	/* set if key type has been deleted */
224 #define KEY_FLAG_REVOKED	1	/* set if key had been revoked */
225 #define KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA	2	/* set if key consumes quota */
226 #define KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT	3	/* set if key is being constructed in userspace */
227 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_CLEAR	4	/* set if key can be cleared by root without permission */
228 #define KEY_FLAG_INVALIDATED	5	/* set if key has been invalidated */
229 #define KEY_FLAG_BUILTIN	6	/* set if key is built in to the kernel */
230 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_INVAL	7	/* set if key can be invalidated by root without permission */
231 #define KEY_FLAG_KEEP		8	/* set if key should not be removed */
232 #define KEY_FLAG_UID_KEYRING	9	/* set if key is a user or user session keyring */
233 
234 	/* the key type and key description string
235 	 * - the desc is used to match a key against search criteria
236 	 * - it should be a printable string
237 	 * - eg: for krb5 AFS, this might be "afs@REDHAT.COM"
238 	 */
239 	union {
240 		struct keyring_index_key index_key;
241 		struct {
242 			unsigned long	hash;
243 			unsigned long	len_desc;
244 			struct key_type	*type;		/* type of key */
245 			struct key_tag	*domain_tag;	/* Domain of operation */
246 			char		*description;
247 		};
248 	};
249 
250 	/* key data
251 	 * - this is used to hold the data actually used in cryptography or
252 	 *   whatever
253 	 */
254 	union {
255 		union key_payload payload;
256 		struct {
257 			/* Keyring bits */
258 			struct list_head name_link;
259 			struct assoc_array keys;
260 		};
261 	};
262 
263 	/* This is set on a keyring to restrict the addition of a link to a key
264 	 * to it.  If this structure isn't provided then it is assumed that the
265 	 * keyring is open to any addition.  It is ignored for non-keyring
266 	 * keys. Only set this value using keyring_restrict(), keyring_alloc(),
267 	 * or key_alloc().
268 	 *
269 	 * This is intended for use with rings of trusted keys whereby addition
270 	 * to the keyring needs to be controlled.  KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION
271 	 * overrides this, allowing the kernel to add extra keys without
272 	 * restriction.
273 	 */
274 	struct key_restriction *restrict_link;
275 };
276 
277 extern struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type,
278 			     const char *desc,
279 			     kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
280 			     const struct cred *cred,
281 			     key_perm_t perm,
282 			     unsigned long flags,
283 			     struct key_restriction *restrict_link);
284 
285 
286 #define KEY_ALLOC_IN_QUOTA		0x0000	/* add to quota, reject if would overrun */
287 #define KEY_ALLOC_QUOTA_OVERRUN		0x0001	/* add to quota, permit even if overrun */
288 #define KEY_ALLOC_NOT_IN_QUOTA		0x0002	/* not in quota */
289 #define KEY_ALLOC_BUILT_IN		0x0004	/* Key is built into kernel */
290 #define KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION	0x0008	/* Override the check on restricted keyrings */
291 #define KEY_ALLOC_UID_KEYRING		0x0010	/* allocating a user or user session keyring */
292 #define KEY_ALLOC_SET_KEEP		0x0020	/* Set the KEEP flag on the key/keyring */
293 
294 extern void key_revoke(struct key *key);
295 extern void key_invalidate(struct key *key);
296 extern void key_put(struct key *key);
297 extern bool key_put_tag(struct key_tag *tag);
298 extern void key_remove_domain(struct key_tag *domain_tag);
299 
__key_get(struct key * key)300 static inline struct key *__key_get(struct key *key)
301 {
302 	refcount_inc(&key->usage);
303 	return key;
304 }
305 
key_get(struct key * key)306 static inline struct key *key_get(struct key *key)
307 {
308 	return key ? __key_get(key) : key;
309 }
310 
key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)311 static inline void key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)
312 {
313 	key_put(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
314 }
315 
316 extern struct key *request_key_tag(struct key_type *type,
317 				   const char *description,
318 				   struct key_tag *domain_tag,
319 				   const char *callout_info);
320 
321 extern struct key *request_key_rcu(struct key_type *type,
322 				   const char *description,
323 				   struct key_tag *domain_tag);
324 
325 extern struct key *request_key_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
326 					    const char *description,
327 					    struct key_tag *domain_tag,
328 					    const void *callout_info,
329 					    size_t callout_len,
330 					    void *aux);
331 
332 /**
333  * request_key - Request a key and wait for construction
334  * @type: Type of key.
335  * @description: The searchable description of the key.
336  * @callout_info: The data to pass to the instantiation upcall (or NULL).
337  *
338  * As for request_key_tag(), but with the default global domain tag.
339  */
request_key(struct key_type * type,const char * description,const char * callout_info)340 static inline struct key *request_key(struct key_type *type,
341 				      const char *description,
342 				      const char *callout_info)
343 {
344 	return request_key_tag(type, description, NULL, callout_info);
345 }
346 
347 #ifdef CONFIG_NET
348 /**
349  * request_key_net - Request a key for a net namespace and wait for construction
350  * @type: Type of key.
351  * @description: The searchable description of the key.
352  * @net: The network namespace that is the key's domain of operation.
353  * @callout_info: The data to pass to the instantiation upcall (or NULL).
354  *
355  * As for request_key() except that it does not add the returned key to a
356  * keyring if found, new keys are always allocated in the user's quota, the
357  * callout_info must be a NUL-terminated string and no auxiliary data can be
358  * passed.  Only keys that operate the specified network namespace are used.
359  *
360  * Furthermore, it then works as wait_for_key_construction() to wait for the
361  * completion of keys undergoing construction with a non-interruptible wait.
362  */
363 #define request_key_net(type, description, net, callout_info) \
364 	request_key_tag(type, description, net->key_domain, callout_info);
365 
366 /**
367  * request_key_net_rcu - Request a key for a net namespace under RCU conditions
368  * @type: Type of key.
369  * @description: The searchable description of the key.
370  * @net: The network namespace that is the key's domain of operation.
371  *
372  * As for request_key_rcu() except that only keys that operate the specified
373  * network namespace are used.
374  */
375 #define request_key_net_rcu(type, description, net) \
376 	request_key_rcu(type, description, net->key_domain);
377 #endif /* CONFIG_NET */
378 
379 extern int wait_for_key_construction(struct key *key, bool intr);
380 
381 extern int key_validate(const struct key *key);
382 
383 extern key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring,
384 				      const char *type,
385 				      const char *description,
386 				      const void *payload,
387 				      size_t plen,
388 				      key_perm_t perm,
389 				      unsigned long flags);
390 
391 extern int key_update(key_ref_t key,
392 		      const void *payload,
393 		      size_t plen);
394 
395 extern int key_link(struct key *keyring,
396 		    struct key *key);
397 
398 extern int key_move(struct key *key,
399 		    struct key *from_keyring,
400 		    struct key *to_keyring,
401 		    unsigned int flags);
402 
403 extern int key_unlink(struct key *keyring,
404 		      struct key *key);
405 
406 extern struct key *keyring_alloc(const char *description, kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
407 				 const struct cred *cred,
408 				 key_perm_t perm,
409 				 unsigned long flags,
410 				 struct key_restriction *restrict_link,
411 				 struct key *dest);
412 
413 extern int restrict_link_reject(struct key *keyring,
414 				const struct key_type *type,
415 				const union key_payload *payload,
416 				struct key *restriction_key);
417 
418 extern int keyring_clear(struct key *keyring);
419 
420 extern key_ref_t keyring_search(key_ref_t keyring,
421 				struct key_type *type,
422 				const char *description,
423 				bool recurse);
424 
425 extern int keyring_add_key(struct key *keyring,
426 			   struct key *key);
427 
428 extern int keyring_restrict(key_ref_t keyring, const char *type,
429 			    const char *restriction);
430 
431 extern struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id);
432 
key_serial(const struct key * key)433 static inline key_serial_t key_serial(const struct key *key)
434 {
435 	return key ? key->serial : 0;
436 }
437 
438 extern void key_set_timeout(struct key *, unsigned);
439 
440 extern key_ref_t lookup_user_key(key_serial_t id, unsigned long flags,
441 				 enum key_need_perm need_perm);
442 extern void key_free_user_ns(struct user_namespace *);
443 
key_read_state(const struct key * key)444 static inline short key_read_state(const struct key *key)
445 {
446 	/* Barrier versus mark_key_instantiated(). */
447 	return smp_load_acquire(&key->state);
448 }
449 
450 /**
451  * key_is_positive - Determine if a key has been positively instantiated
452  * @key: The key to check.
453  *
454  * Return true if the specified key has been positively instantiated, false
455  * otherwise.
456  */
key_is_positive(const struct key * key)457 static inline bool key_is_positive(const struct key *key)
458 {
459 	return key_read_state(key) == KEY_IS_POSITIVE;
460 }
461 
key_is_negative(const struct key * key)462 static inline bool key_is_negative(const struct key *key)
463 {
464 	return key_read_state(key) < 0;
465 }
466 
467 #define dereference_key_rcu(KEY)					\
468 	(rcu_dereference((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0))
469 
470 #define dereference_key_locked(KEY)					\
471 	(rcu_dereference_protected((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0,		\
472 				   rwsem_is_locked(&((struct key *)(KEY))->sem)))
473 
474 #define rcu_assign_keypointer(KEY, PAYLOAD)				\
475 do {									\
476 	rcu_assign_pointer((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0, (PAYLOAD));	\
477 } while (0)
478 
479 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
480 extern struct ctl_table key_sysctls[];
481 #endif
482 /*
483  * the userspace interface
484  */
485 extern int install_thread_keyring_to_cred(struct cred *cred);
486 extern void key_fsuid_changed(struct cred *new_cred);
487 extern void key_fsgid_changed(struct cred *new_cred);
488 extern void key_init(void);
489 
490 #else /* CONFIG_KEYS */
491 
492 #define key_validate(k)			0
493 #define key_serial(k)			0
494 #define key_get(k) 			({ NULL; })
495 #define key_revoke(k)			do { } while(0)
496 #define key_invalidate(k)		do { } while(0)
497 #define key_put(k)			do { } while(0)
498 #define key_ref_put(k)			do { } while(0)
499 #define make_key_ref(k, p)		NULL
500 #define key_ref_to_ptr(k)		NULL
501 #define is_key_possessed(k)		0
502 #define key_fsuid_changed(c)		do { } while(0)
503 #define key_fsgid_changed(c)		do { } while(0)
504 #define key_init()			do { } while(0)
505 #define key_free_user_ns(ns)		do { } while(0)
506 #define key_remove_domain(d)		do { } while(0)
507 
508 #endif /* CONFIG_KEYS */
509 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
510 #endif /* _LINUX_KEY_H */
511