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1 #ifndef _LINUX_HASH_H
2 #define _LINUX_HASH_H
3 /* Fast hashing routine for ints,  longs and pointers.
4    (C) 2002 Nadia Yvette Chambers, IBM */
5 
6 #include <asm/types.h>
7 #include <linux/compiler.h>
8 
9 /*
10  * The "GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME" is used in ifs/btrfs/brtfs_inode.h and
11  * fs/inode.c.  It's not actually prime any more (the previous primes
12  * were actively bad for hashing), but the name remains.
13  */
14 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
15 #define GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME GOLDEN_RATIO_32
16 #define hash_long(val, bits) hash_32(val, bits)
17 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 64
18 #define hash_long(val, bits) hash_64(val, bits)
19 #define GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME GOLDEN_RATIO_64
20 #else
21 #error Wordsize not 32 or 64
22 #endif
23 
24 /*
25  * This hash multiplies the input by a large odd number and takes the
26  * high bits.  Since multiplication propagates changes to the most
27  * significant end only, it is essential that the high bits of the
28  * product be used for the hash value.
29  *
30  * Chuck Lever verified the effectiveness of this technique:
31  * http://www.citi.umich.edu/techreports/reports/citi-tr-00-1.pdf
32  *
33  * Although a random odd number will do, it turns out that the golden
34  * ratio phi = (sqrt(5)-1)/2, or its negative, has particularly nice
35  * properties.  (See Knuth vol 3, section 6.4, exercise 9.)
36  *
37  * These are the negative, (1 - phi) = phi**2 = (3 - sqrt(5))/2,
38  * which is very slightly easier to multiply by and makes no
39  * difference to the hash distribution.
40  */
41 #define GOLDEN_RATIO_32 0x61C88647
42 #define GOLDEN_RATIO_64 0x61C8864680B583EBull
43 
44 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_HASH
45 /* This header may use the GOLDEN_RATIO_xx constants */
46 #include <asm/hash.h>
47 #endif
48 
49 /*
50  * The _generic versions exist only so lib/test_hash.c can compare
51  * the arch-optimized versions with the generic.
52  *
53  * Note that if you change these, any <asm/hash.h> that aren't updated
54  * to match need to have their HAVE_ARCH_* define values updated so the
55  * self-test will not false-positive.
56  */
57 #ifndef HAVE_ARCH__HASH_32
58 #define __hash_32 __hash_32_generic
59 #endif
__hash_32_generic(u32 val)60 static inline u32 __hash_32_generic(u32 val)
61 {
62 	return val * GOLDEN_RATIO_32;
63 }
64 
hash_32(u32 val,unsigned int bits)65 static inline u32 hash_32(u32 val, unsigned int bits)
66 {
67 	/* High bits are more random, so use them. */
68 	return __hash_32(val) >> (32 - bits);
69 }
70 
71 #ifndef HAVE_ARCH_HASH_64
72 #define hash_64 hash_64_generic
73 #endif
hash_64_generic(u64 val,unsigned int bits)74 static __always_inline u32 hash_64_generic(u64 val, unsigned int bits)
75 {
76 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
77 	/* 64x64-bit multiply is efficient on all 64-bit processors */
78 	return val * GOLDEN_RATIO_64 >> (64 - bits);
79 #else
80 	/* Hash 64 bits using only 32x32-bit multiply. */
81 	return hash_32((u32)val ^ __hash_32(val >> 32), bits);
82 #endif
83 }
84 
hash_ptr(const void * ptr,unsigned int bits)85 static inline u32 hash_ptr(const void *ptr, unsigned int bits)
86 {
87 	return hash_long((unsigned long)ptr, bits);
88 }
89 
90 /* This really should be called fold32_ptr; it does no hashing to speak of. */
hash32_ptr(const void * ptr)91 static inline u32 hash32_ptr(const void *ptr)
92 {
93 	unsigned long val = (unsigned long)ptr;
94 
95 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
96 	val ^= (val >> 32);
97 #endif
98 	return (u32)val;
99 }
100 
101 #endif /* _LINUX_HASH_H */
102