1 /**
2 * Copyright (c) 2021-2022 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
3 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
6 *
7 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8 *
9 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13 * limitations under the License.
14 */
15
16 #include "runtime/include/runtime.h"
17 #include "runtime/include/panda_vm.h"
18 #include "runtime/mem/gc/gc_root.h"
19 #include "runtime/mem/heap_verifier.h"
20
21 namespace panda::mem {
22
23 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-macro-usage)
24 #define LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER LOG(ERROR, GC) << "HEAP_VERIFIER: "
25
26 // Should be called only with MutatorLock held
27 template <class LanguageConfig>
VerifyAllPaused() const28 size_t HeapVerifier<LanguageConfig>::VerifyAllPaused() const
29 {
30 Rendezvous *rendezvous = Thread::GetCurrent()->GetVM()->GetRendezvous();
31 rendezvous->SafepointBegin();
32 size_t failCount = VerifyAll();
33 rendezvous->SafepointEnd();
34 return failCount;
35 }
36
37 template <LangTypeT LANG_TYPE>
operator ()(ObjectHeader * obj)38 void HeapObjectVerifier<LANG_TYPE>::operator()(ObjectHeader *obj)
39 {
40 HeapReferenceVerifier<LANG_TYPE> refVerifier(heap_, failCount_);
41 ObjectHelpers<LANG_TYPE>::TraverseAllObjects(obj, refVerifier);
42 }
43
44 template <LangTypeT LANG_TYPE>
operator ()(ObjectHeader * objectHeader,ObjectHeader * referent)45 void HeapReferenceVerifier<LANG_TYPE>::operator()([[maybe_unused]] ObjectHeader *objectHeader, ObjectHeader *referent)
46 {
47 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-braces-around-statements, bugprone-suspicious-semicolon)
48 if constexpr (LANG_TYPE == LANG_TYPE_DYNAMIC) {
49 // Weak reference can be passed here, need to resolve the referent
50 coretypes::TaggedValue value(referent);
51 if (value.IsWeak()) {
52 referent = value.GetWeakReferent();
53 }
54 }
55 if (!heap_->IsLiveObject(referent)) {
56 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap corruption found! Heap object " << std::hex << objectHeader
57 << " references a dead object at " << referent;
58 ++(*failCount_);
59 } else if (referent->IsForwarded()) {
60 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap corruption found! Heap object " << std::hex << objectHeader
61 << " references a forwarded object at " << referent;
62 ++(*failCount_);
63 }
64 }
65
66 template <LangTypeT LANG_TYPE>
operator ()(const GCRoot & root)67 void HeapReferenceVerifier<LANG_TYPE>::operator()(const GCRoot &root)
68 {
69 auto referent = root.GetObjectHeader();
70 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-braces-around-statements, bugprone-suspicious-semicolon)
71 if constexpr (LANG_TYPE == LANG_TYPE_DYNAMIC) {
72 // Weak reference can be passed here, need to resolve the referent
73 coretypes::TaggedValue value(referent);
74 if (value.IsWeak()) {
75 referent = value.GetWeakReferent();
76 }
77 }
78 if (!heap_->IsLiveObject(referent)) {
79 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap corruption found! Root references a dead object at " << std::hex << referent;
80 ++(*failCount_);
81 } else if (referent->IsForwarded()) {
82 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap corruption found! Root references a forwarded object at " << std::hex << referent;
83 ++(*failCount_);
84 }
85 }
86
87 template <class LanguageConfig>
IsValidObjectAddress(void * addr) const88 bool HeapVerifier<LanguageConfig>::IsValidObjectAddress(void *addr) const
89 {
90 return IsAligned<DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT_IN_BYTES>(ToUintPtr(addr)) && IsHeapAddress(addr);
91 }
92
93 template <class LanguageConfig>
IsHeapAddress(void * addr) const94 bool HeapVerifier<LanguageConfig>::IsHeapAddress(void *addr) const
95 {
96 return heap_->ContainObject(reinterpret_cast<ObjectHeader *>(addr));
97 }
98
99 template <class LanguageConfig>
VerifyHeap() const100 size_t HeapVerifier<LanguageConfig>::VerifyHeap() const
101 {
102 return heap_->VerifyHeapReferences();
103 }
104
105 template <class LanguageConfig>
VerifyRoot() const106 size_t HeapVerifier<LanguageConfig>::VerifyRoot() const
107 {
108 RootManager<LanguageConfig> rootManager;
109 size_t failCount = 0;
110 rootManager.SetPandaVM(heap_->GetPandaVM());
111 rootManager.VisitNonHeapRoots([this, &failCount](const GCRoot &root) {
112 if (root.GetType() == RootType::ROOT_FRAME || root.GetType() == RootType::ROOT_THREAD) {
113 auto *baseCls = root.GetObjectHeader()->ClassAddr<BaseClass>();
114 if (baseCls == nullptr) {
115 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap corruption found! Class address for root " << std::hex
116 << root.GetObjectHeader() << " is null";
117 ++failCount;
118 } else if (!(!baseCls->IsDynamicClass() && static_cast<Class *>(baseCls)->IsClassClass())) {
119 HeapReferenceVerifier<LanguageConfig::LANG_TYPE>(heap_, &failCount)(root);
120 }
121 }
122 });
123
124 return failCount;
125 }
126
127 template <class LanguageConfig>
VerifyAll() const128 size_t FastHeapVerifier<LanguageConfig>::VerifyAll() const
129 {
130 PandaUnorderedSet<const ObjectHeader *> heapObjects;
131 PandaVector<ObjectCache> referentObjects;
132 size_t failsCount = 0;
133
134 auto lazyVerify = [&heapObjects, &referentObjects, &failsCount](const ObjectHeader *objectHeader,
135 const ObjectHeader *referent) {
136 // Lazy verify during heap objects collection
137 if (heapObjects.find(referent) == heapObjects.end()) {
138 referentObjects.push_back(ObjectCache({objectHeader, referent}));
139 }
140 if (objectHeader->IsForwarded()) {
141 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap object " << std::hex << objectHeader << " is forwarded object";
142 ++failsCount;
143 }
144 auto *classAddr = objectHeader->ClassAddr<BaseClass>();
145 if (!IsAddressInObjectsHeap(classAddr)) {
146 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap object " << std::hex << objectHeader
147 << " has non-heap class address: " << classAddr;
148 ++failsCount;
149 }
150 };
151 const std::function<void(ObjectHeader *, ObjectHeader *)> lazyVerifyFunctor(lazyVerify);
152 auto collectObjects = [&heapObjects, &lazyVerifyFunctor](ObjectHeader *object) {
153 heapObjects.insert(object);
154 ObjectHelpers<LanguageConfig::LANG_TYPE>::TraverseAllObjects(object, lazyVerifyFunctor);
155 };
156
157 // Heap objects verifier
158
159 // Add strings from string table because these objects are like a phoenix.
160 // A string object may exist but there are no live references to it (no bit set in the live bitmap).
161 // But later code may reuse it by calling StringTable::GetOrInternString so this string
162 // get alive. That is why we mark all strings as alive by visiting the string table.
163 Thread::GetCurrent()->GetVM()->VisitStrings(collectObjects);
164 heap_->IterateOverObjects(collectObjects);
165 for (auto objectCache : referentObjects) {
166 if (heapObjects.find(objectCache.referent) == heapObjects.end()) {
167 static constexpr const char *UNKNOWN_CLASS = "unknown class";
168 PandaString refClassStr = UNKNOWN_CLASS;
169 PandaString objClassStr = UNKNOWN_CLASS;
170 if constexpr (LanguageConfig::LANG_TYPE == LANG_TYPE_STATIC) {
171 auto *cls = objectCache.referent->template ClassAddr<Class>();
172 if (IsAddressInObjectsHeap(cls)) {
173 refClassStr = cls->GetName();
174 }
175 cls = objectCache.heapObject->template ClassAddr<Class>();
176 if (IsAddressInObjectsHeap(cls)) {
177 objClassStr = cls->GetName();
178 }
179 }
180 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Heap object " << std::hex << objectCache.heapObject << " (" << objClassStr
181 << ") references a dead object at " << objectCache.referent << " (" << refClassStr << ")";
182 ++failsCount;
183 }
184 }
185 // Stack verifier
186 RootManager<LanguageConfig> rootManager;
187 rootManager.SetPandaVM(heap_->GetPandaVM());
188 auto rootVerifier = [&heapObjects, &failsCount](const GCRoot &root) {
189 const auto *rootObjHeader = root.GetObjectHeader();
190 auto *baseCls = rootObjHeader->ClassAddr<BaseClass>();
191 if (!IsAddressInObjectsHeap(ToUintPtr(baseCls))) {
192 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Class address for root " << std::hex << rootObjHeader
193 << " is not in objects heap: " << baseCls;
194 ++failsCount;
195 } else if (baseCls->IsDynamicClass() || !static_cast<Class *>(baseCls)->IsClassClass()) {
196 if (heapObjects.find(rootObjHeader) == heapObjects.end()) {
197 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Root references a dead object at " << std::hex << rootObjHeader;
198 ++failsCount;
199 }
200 }
201 };
202 rootManager.VisitLocalRoots(rootVerifier);
203
204 return failsCount;
205 }
206
ObjectVerificationInfo(ObjectHeader * referent)207 ObjectVerificationInfo::ObjectVerificationInfo(ObjectHeader *referent)
208 : classAddress_(referent->ClassAddr<void *>()), oldAddress_(referent)
209 {
210 }
211
VerifyUpdatedRef(ObjectHeader * objectHeader,ObjectHeader * updatedRef,bool inAliveSpace) const212 bool ObjectVerificationInfo::VerifyUpdatedRef(ObjectHeader *objectHeader, ObjectHeader *updatedRef,
213 bool inAliveSpace) const
214 {
215 ObjectHeader *correctAddress = oldAddress_;
216 if (!inAliveSpace) {
217 if (!oldAddress_->IsForwarded()) {
218 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Object " << std::hex << objectHeader << " had reference " << oldAddress_
219 << ", which is not forwarded, new reference address: " << updatedRef;
220 return false;
221 }
222 correctAddress = GetForwardAddress(oldAddress_);
223 }
224 if (correctAddress != updatedRef) {
225 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Object " << std::hex << objectHeader << " has incorrect updated reference " << updatedRef
226 << ", correct address: " << correctAddress;
227 return false;
228 }
229 void *newClassAddr = updatedRef->ClassAddr<void *>();
230 if (newClassAddr != classAddress_) {
231 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Object " << std::hex << objectHeader << " has incorrect class address (" << newClassAddr
232 << ") in updated reference " << updatedRef
233 << ", class address before collection: " << classAddress_;
234 return false;
235 }
236
237 return true;
238 }
239
240 template <class LanguageConfig>
InCollectableSpace(const ObjectHeader * object) const241 bool HeapVerifierIntoGC<LanguageConfig>::InCollectableSpace(const ObjectHeader *object) const
242 {
243 for (const auto &memRange : this->collectableMemRanges_) {
244 if (memRange.Contains(ToUintPtr(object))) {
245 return true;
246 }
247 }
248 return false;
249 }
250
251 template <class LanguageConfig>
InAliveSpace(const ObjectHeader * object) const252 bool HeapVerifierIntoGC<LanguageConfig>::InAliveSpace(const ObjectHeader *object) const
253 {
254 for (const auto &memRange : this->aliveMemRanges_) {
255 if (memRange.Contains(ToUintPtr(object))) {
256 return true;
257 }
258 }
259 return false;
260 }
261
262 template <class LanguageConfig>
AddToVerificationInfo(RefsVerificationInfo & verificationInfo,size_t refNumber,ObjectHeader * objectHeader,ObjectHeader * referent)263 void HeapVerifierIntoGC<LanguageConfig>::AddToVerificationInfo(RefsVerificationInfo &verificationInfo, size_t refNumber,
264 ObjectHeader *objectHeader, ObjectHeader *referent)
265 {
266 if (this->InCollectableSpace(referent)) {
267 ObjectVerificationInfo objInfo(referent);
268 auto it = verificationInfo.find(objectHeader);
269 if (it != verificationInfo.end()) {
270 it->second.insert({refNumber, objInfo});
271 } else {
272 verificationInfo.insert({objectHeader, VerifyingRefs({{refNumber, objInfo}})});
273 }
274 }
275 }
276
277 template <class LanguageConfig>
CollectVerificationInfo(PandaVector<MemRange> && collectableMemRanges)278 void HeapVerifierIntoGC<LanguageConfig>::CollectVerificationInfo(PandaVector<MemRange> &&collectableMemRanges)
279 {
280 size_t refNumber = 0;
281 collectableMemRanges_ = std::move(collectableMemRanges);
282 const std::function<void(ObjectHeader *, ObjectHeader *)> refsCollector =
283 [this, &refNumber](ObjectHeader *objectHeader, ObjectHeader *referent) {
284 if (this->InCollectableSpace(objectHeader)) {
285 this->AddToVerificationInfo(this->collectableVerificationInfo_, refNumber, objectHeader, referent);
286 } else {
287 this->AddToVerificationInfo(this->permanentVerificationInfo_, refNumber, objectHeader, referent);
288 }
289 ++refNumber;
290 };
291
292 auto collectFunctor = [&refNumber, &refsCollector](ObjectHeader *object) {
293 if (object->IsMarkedForGC<false>()) {
294 refNumber = 0;
295 ObjectHelpers<LanguageConfig::LANG_TYPE>::TraverseAllObjects(object, refsCollector);
296 }
297 };
298 heap_->IterateOverObjects(collectFunctor);
299 }
300
301 template <class LanguageConfig>
VerifyAll(PandaVector<MemRange> && aliveMemRanges)302 size_t HeapVerifierIntoGC<LanguageConfig>::VerifyAll(PandaVector<MemRange> &&aliveMemRanges)
303 {
304 size_t failsCount = 0U;
305 size_t refNumber = 0U;
306 aliveMemRanges_ = std::move(aliveMemRanges);
307 auto it = permanentVerificationInfo_.begin();
308 for (auto &info : collectableVerificationInfo_) {
309 ObjectHeader *obj = info.first;
310 if (obj->IsForwarded()) {
311 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-pointer-arithmetic)
312 permanentVerificationInfo_[GetForwardAddress(obj)] = std::move(info.second);
313 } else if (this->InAliveSpace(obj)) {
314 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-pointer-arithmetic)
315 permanentVerificationInfo_[obj] = std::move(info.second);
316 }
317 }
318 collectableVerificationInfo_.clear();
319 const std::function<void(ObjectHeader *, ObjectHeader *)> nonYoungChecker =
320 [this, &failsCount](const ObjectHeader *objectHeader, const ObjectHeader *referent) {
321 if (this->InCollectableSpace(referent)) {
322 LOG_HEAP_VERIFIER << "Object " << std::hex << objectHeader << " references a dead object " << referent
323 << " after collection";
324 ++failsCount;
325 }
326 };
327 const std::function<void(ObjectHeader *, ObjectHeader *)> sameObjChecker =
328 [this, &nonYoungChecker, &refNumber, &failsCount, &it](ObjectHeader *objectHeader, ObjectHeader *referent) {
329 auto refIt = it->second.find(refNumber);
330 if (refIt != it->second.end()) {
331 if (!refIt->second.VerifyUpdatedRef(objectHeader, referent, this->InAliveSpace(referent))) {
332 ++failsCount;
333 }
334 } else {
335 nonYoungChecker(objectHeader, referent);
336 }
337 ++refNumber;
338 };
339 // Check references in alive objects
340 ObjectVisitor traverseAliveObj = [&nonYoungChecker, &sameObjChecker, &refNumber, this, &it](ObjectHeader *object) {
341 if (!object->IsMarkedForGC<false>() || (this->InCollectableSpace(object) && !this->InAliveSpace(object))) {
342 return;
343 }
344 it = this->permanentVerificationInfo_.find(object);
345 if (it == this->permanentVerificationInfo_.end()) {
346 ObjectHelpers<LanguageConfig::LANG_TYPE>::TraverseAllObjects(object, nonYoungChecker);
347 } else {
348 refNumber = 0U;
349 ObjectHelpers<LanguageConfig::LANG_TYPE>::TraverseAllObjects(object, sameObjChecker);
350 }
351 };
352 heap_->IterateOverObjects(traverseAliveObj);
353 return failsCount;
354 }
355
356 TEMPLATE_CLASS_LANGUAGE_CONFIG(HeapVerifier);
357 TEMPLATE_CLASS_LANGUAGE_CONFIG(FastHeapVerifier);
358 TEMPLATE_CLASS_LANGUAGE_CONFIG(HeapVerifierIntoGC);
359 } // namespace panda::mem
360