1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 2021-2024 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
3 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
6 *
7 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8 *
9 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13 * limitations under the License.
14 */
15
16 #include "optimizer/ir/basicblock.h"
17 #include "loop_analyzer.h"
18 #include "optimizer/ir/graph.h"
19 #include "optimizer/analysis/dominators_tree.h"
20 #include "optimizer/analysis/rpo.h"
21
22 namespace ark::compiler {
RunImpl()23 bool LoopAnalyzer::RunImpl()
24 {
25 GetGraph()->RunPass<DominatorsTree>();
26 ResetLoopInfo();
27 CreateRootLoop();
28 CollectBackEdges();
29 PopulateLoops();
30 for (auto loop : GetGraph()->GetRootLoop()->GetInnerLoops()) {
31 FindAndInsertPreHeaders(loop);
32 }
33 SetLoopProperties(GetGraph()->GetRootLoop(), 0);
34 return true;
35 }
36
ResetLoopInfo()37 void LoopAnalyzer::ResetLoopInfo()
38 {
39 for (auto block : GetGraph()->GetVectorBlocks()) {
40 if (block != nullptr) {
41 block->SetLoop(nullptr);
42 }
43 }
44 GetGraph()->SetRootLoop(nullptr);
45 GetGraph()->SetHasIrreducibleLoop(false);
46 GetGraph()->SetHasInfiniteLoop(false);
47 loopCounter_ = 0;
48 }
49
CreateNewLoop(BasicBlock * loopHeader)50 Loop *LoopAnalyzer::CreateNewLoop(BasicBlock *loopHeader)
51 {
52 auto loop = GetGraph()->GetAllocator()->New<Loop>(GetGraph()->GetAllocator(), loopHeader, loopCounter_++);
53 loop->AppendBlock(loopHeader);
54 return loop;
55 }
56
CreateRootLoop()57 void LoopAnalyzer::CreateRootLoop()
58 {
59 ASSERT(GetGraph()->GetRootLoop() == nullptr);
60 auto rootLoop = GetGraph()->GetAllocator()->New<Loop>(GetGraph()->GetAllocator(), nullptr, loopCounter_++);
61 rootLoop->SetAsRoot();
62 GetGraph()->SetRootLoop(rootLoop);
63 }
64
CollectBackEdges()65 void LoopAnalyzer::CollectBackEdges()
66 {
67 blackMarker_ = GetGraph()->NewMarker();
68 grayMarker_ = GetGraph()->NewMarker();
69 BackEdgeSearch(GetGraph()->GetStartBlock());
70 GetGraph()->EraseMarker(blackMarker_);
71 GetGraph()->EraseMarker(grayMarker_);
72 }
73
74 /*
75 * Depth-first search to find back edges in the graph.
76 * When a block is visited for the first time it is marked with a gray marker,
77 * after visiting all his successors, a block is marked with a black marker.
78 * While doing DFS, if we encounter a block with a gray mark, then edge to this block is back edge.
79 */
BackEdgeSearch(BasicBlock * block)80 void LoopAnalyzer::BackEdgeSearch(BasicBlock *block)
81 {
82 block->SetMarker(grayMarker_);
83 block->SetMarker(blackMarker_);
84 for (auto succ : block->GetSuccsBlocks()) {
85 if (succ->IsMarked(grayMarker_)) {
86 ProcessNewBackEdge(succ, block);
87 } else if (!succ->IsMarked(blackMarker_)) {
88 BackEdgeSearch(succ);
89 }
90 }
91 block->ResetMarker(grayMarker_);
92 }
93
94 /*
95 * Create new Loop if it doesn't exists.
96 * Append information about its header, back edge and check if this loop is irreducible.
97 * Loop is irreducible when its header doesn't dominate back edge.
98 */
ProcessNewBackEdge(BasicBlock * header,BasicBlock * backEdge)99 void LoopAnalyzer::ProcessNewBackEdge(BasicBlock *header, BasicBlock *backEdge)
100 {
101 auto loop = header->GetLoop();
102 if (loop == nullptr) {
103 loop = CreateNewLoop(header);
104 }
105
106 loop->AppendBackEdge(backEdge);
107 if (!header->IsDominate(backEdge)) {
108 loop->SetIsIrreducible(true);
109 GetGraph()->SetHasIrreducibleLoop(true);
110 }
111 }
112
113 /*
114 * Get vector of forward edges indexes in descending order
115 */
GetForwardEdgesIndexes(BasicBlock * header)116 ArenaVector<int> LoopAnalyzer::GetForwardEdgesIndexes(BasicBlock *header)
117 {
118 // Mark back-edges
119 auto markerHolder = compiler::MarkerHolder(GetGraph());
120 auto backEdgeMarker = markerHolder.GetMarker();
121 auto &backEdges = header->GetLoop()->GetBackEdges();
122 for (auto backEdge : backEdges) {
123 backEdge->SetMarker(backEdgeMarker);
124 }
125
126 ArenaVector<int> indexes(header->GetGraph()->GetAllocator()->Adapter());
127 auto &predBlocks = header->GetPredsBlocks();
128 for (int idx = static_cast<int>(predBlocks.size()) - 1; idx >= 0; idx--) {
129 if (!predBlocks[idx]->IsMarked(backEdgeMarker)) {
130 indexes.push_back(idx);
131 }
132 }
133 ASSERT(indexes.size() + backEdges.size() == predBlocks.size());
134 return indexes;
135 }
136
MovePhiInputsToPreHeader(BasicBlock * header,BasicBlock * preHeader,const ArenaVector<int> & fwEdgesIndexes)137 void LoopAnalyzer::MovePhiInputsToPreHeader(BasicBlock *header, BasicBlock *preHeader,
138 const ArenaVector<int> &fwEdgesIndexes)
139 {
140 for (auto phi : header->PhiInsts()) {
141 auto newPhi = GetGraph()->CreateInstPhi(phi->GetType(), phi->GetPc());
142 for (auto idx : fwEdgesIndexes) {
143 auto pred {header->GetPredBlockByIndex(idx)};
144 auto phiIdx {phi->CastToPhi()->GetPredBlockIndex(pred)};
145 newPhi->AppendInput(phi->GetInput(phiIdx).GetInst());
146 phi->RemoveInput(phiIdx);
147 }
148 preHeader->AppendPhi(newPhi);
149 phi->AppendInput(newPhi);
150 }
151 }
152
UpdateControlFlowWithPreHeader(BasicBlock * header,BasicBlock * preHeader,const ArenaVector<int> & fwEdgesIndexes)153 void LoopAnalyzer::UpdateControlFlowWithPreHeader(BasicBlock *header, BasicBlock *preHeader,
154 const ArenaVector<int> &fwEdgesIndexes)
155 {
156 constexpr size_t IMM_2 = 2;
157 if (fwEdgesIndexes.size() >= IMM_2) {
158 for (auto predIdx : fwEdgesIndexes) {
159 auto edge = header->GetPredBlockByIndex(predIdx);
160 edge->ReplaceSucc(header, preHeader);
161 header->RemovePred(edge);
162 }
163 preHeader->AddSucc(header);
164 } else {
165 ASSERT(fwEdgesIndexes.size() == 1);
166 auto edge = header->GetPredBlockByIndex(fwEdgesIndexes[0]);
167 edge->ReplaceSucc(header, preHeader);
168 header->ReplacePred(edge, preHeader);
169 }
170 // Update RPO
171 GetGraph()->GetAnalysis<Rpo>().SetValid(true);
172 GetGraph()->GetAnalysis<Rpo>().AddBasicBlockBefore(header, preHeader);
173 }
174
175 /*
176 * Create block with the same amount of phi instructions as in a `header` and insert it before a `header`.
177 * Move relevant to forward edges phi inputs to pre-header.
178 */
CreatePreHeader(BasicBlock * header)179 BasicBlock *LoopAnalyzer::CreatePreHeader(BasicBlock *header)
180 {
181 auto fwEdgesIndexes = GetForwardEdgesIndexes(header);
182 auto preHeader = header->CreateImmediateDominator();
183 preHeader->SetGuestPc(header->GetGuestPc());
184 if (fwEdgesIndexes.size() >= 2U) {
185 MovePhiInputsToPreHeader(header, preHeader, fwEdgesIndexes);
186 }
187 UpdateControlFlowWithPreHeader(header, preHeader, fwEdgesIndexes);
188 return preHeader;
189 }
190
PreHeaderExists(Loop * loop)191 bool LoopAnalyzer::PreHeaderExists(Loop *loop)
192 {
193 auto header = loop->GetHeader();
194 return header->GetPredsBlocks().size() - loop->GetBackEdges().size() == 1 &&
195 header->GetDominator()->GetLoop() == loop->GetOuterLoop() &&
196 header->GetDominator() != GetGraph()->GetStartBlock();
197 }
198
199 /*
200 * Find all loop pre-headers. If loop doesn't have pre-header, insert it
201 */
FindAndInsertPreHeaders(Loop * loop)202 void LoopAnalyzer::FindAndInsertPreHeaders(Loop *loop)
203 {
204 ASSERT(loop != nullptr && loop->GetHeader() != nullptr);
205 auto header = loop->GetHeader();
206
207 if (loop->IsTryCatchLoop()) {
208 loop->SetPreHeader(nullptr);
209 } else if (!loop->IsIrreducible()) {
210 BasicBlock *preHeader = nullptr;
211 if (PreHeaderExists(loop)) {
212 preHeader = header->GetDominator();
213 } else {
214 preHeader = CreatePreHeader(header);
215 preHeader->CopyTryCatchProps(header);
216 loop->GetOuterLoop()->AppendBlock(preHeader);
217 }
218 loop->SetPreHeader(preHeader);
219 preHeader->SetNextLoop(loop);
220 }
221
222 for (auto innerLoop : loop->GetInnerLoops()) {
223 FindAndInsertPreHeaders(innerLoop);
224 }
225 }
226
PopulateIrreducibleLoop(Loop * loop)227 void LoopAnalyzer::PopulateIrreducibleLoop(Loop *loop)
228 {
229 // Add back-edges to the loop for further analysis
230 // Note that other blocks of `loop` besides the header are not added to it,
231 // and outer loop of inner loops will be not `loop`, but its outer reducible (maybe root) loop
232 for (auto backEdge : loop->GetBackEdges()) {
233 if (backEdge->GetLoop() != loop) {
234 loop->AppendBlock(backEdge);
235 }
236 }
237 }
238
239 /*
240 * Visiting existing loop headers to populate loops with blocks
241 * Search algorithm starts from the loop back edge and recursively adds all predecessors until loop header not found
242 */
PopulateLoops()243 void LoopAnalyzer::PopulateLoops()
244 {
245 for (auto it = GetGraph()->GetBlocksRPO().rbegin(); it != GetGraph()->GetBlocksRPO().rend(); it++) {
246 auto block = *it;
247 if (block->GetLoop() == nullptr || !block->IsLoopHeader()) {
248 continue;
249 }
250 auto loop = block->GetLoop();
251 if (loop->IsIrreducible()) {
252 PopulateIrreducibleLoop(loop);
253 } else {
254 blackMarker_ = GetGraph()->NewMarker();
255 block->SetMarker(blackMarker_);
256 for (auto backEdge : loop->GetBackEdges()) {
257 NaturalLoopSearch(loop, backEdge);
258 }
259 GetGraph()->EraseMarker(blackMarker_);
260 }
261 }
262
263 // Populate the root loop with blocks which are not assign to any loops
264 // Link all outer loops with the root loop
265 auto rootLoop = GetGraph()->GetRootLoop();
266 for (auto block : GetGraph()->GetBlocksRPO()) {
267 if (block->GetLoop() == nullptr) {
268 rootLoop->AppendBlock(block);
269 } else if (block->GetLoop()->GetOuterLoop() == nullptr) {
270 block->GetLoop()->SetOuterLoop(rootLoop);
271 rootLoop->AppendInnerLoop(block->GetLoop());
272 }
273 }
274 }
275
276 /*
277 * Depth-first search to find blocks in the loop.
278 * When a block is visited for the first time it is marked with a black marker, added to the loop
279 * (if it hasn't been already added to the inner loop), and search runs for all its predecessors.
280 * Header block is marked firstly to stop search on it.
281 */
NaturalLoopSearch(Loop * loop,BasicBlock * block)282 void LoopAnalyzer::NaturalLoopSearch(Loop *loop, BasicBlock *block)
283 {
284 if (!block->IsMarked(blackMarker_)) {
285 block->SetMarker(blackMarker_);
286
287 if (block->GetLoop() == nullptr) {
288 // `block` without assignment to any loop is found
289 loop->AppendBlock(block);
290 } else if (block->GetLoop()->GetHeader() != loop->GetHeader()) {
291 // `block` from an inner loop id found, because its header differs from searching loop header
292 if (block->GetLoop()->GetOuterLoop() == nullptr) {
293 // Link outer loop and inner loop
294 block->GetLoop()->SetOuterLoop(loop);
295 loop->AppendInnerLoop(block->GetLoop());
296 }
297 }
298
299 for (auto pred : block->GetPredsBlocks()) {
300 NaturalLoopSearch(loop, pred);
301 }
302 }
303 }
304
SetLoopProperties(Loop * loop,uint32_t depth)305 void LoopAnalyzer::SetLoopProperties(Loop *loop, uint32_t depth)
306 {
307 loop->CheckInfinity();
308 loop->SetDepth(depth);
309 if (loop->IsInfinite()) {
310 GetGraph()->SetHasInfiniteLoop(true);
311 }
312 depth++;
313 for (auto innerLoop : loop->GetInnerLoops()) {
314 SetLoopProperties(innerLoop, depth);
315 }
316 }
317
AppendBlock(BasicBlock * block)318 void Loop::AppendBlock(BasicBlock *block)
319 {
320 ASSERT(std::find(blocks_.begin(), blocks_.end(), block) == blocks_.end());
321 block->SetLoop(this);
322 blocks_.push_back(block);
323 }
324
RemoveBlock(BasicBlock * block)325 void Loop::RemoveBlock(BasicBlock *block)
326 {
327 ASSERT(block != GetHeader());
328 ASSERT(!HasBackEdge(block));
329 #ifndef NDEBUG
330 for (auto innerLoop : GetInnerLoops()) {
331 ASSERT(block != innerLoop->GetPreHeader());
332 }
333 #endif
334
335 auto blockIt = std::find(blocks_.begin(), blocks_.end(), block);
336 ASSERT(blockIt != blocks_.end());
337 blocks_.erase(blockIt);
338 }
339
IsOsrLoop() const340 bool Loop::IsOsrLoop() const
341 {
342 return !IsRoot() && GetHeader()->IsOsrEntry();
343 }
344
IsTryCatchLoop() const345 bool Loop::IsTryCatchLoop() const
346 {
347 return !IsRoot() && GetHeader()->IsCatchBegin();
348 }
349
350 /*
351 * Check if this loop is inside other
352 */
IsInside(Loop * other)353 bool Loop::IsInside(Loop *other)
354 {
355 auto outer = this->GetOuterLoop();
356 while (outer != nullptr) {
357 if (outer == other) {
358 return true;
359 }
360 outer = outer->GetOuterLoop();
361 }
362 return false;
363 }
364
MoveHeaderToSucc()365 void Loop::MoveHeaderToSucc()
366 {
367 ASSERT(header_->GetSuccsBlocks().size() == 1);
368 header_ = header_->GetSuccessor(0);
369 ASSERT(header_->GetLoop() == this);
370 auto it = std::find(blocks_.begin(), blocks_.end(), header_);
371 ASSERT(it != blocks_.end());
372 std::swap(*it, *blocks_.begin());
373 }
374
CheckInfinity()375 void Loop::CheckInfinity()
376 {
377 isInfinite_ = false;
378 if (isRoot_) {
379 return;
380 }
381 auto outerLoop = GetOuterLoop();
382 for (auto block : GetBlocks()) {
383 const auto &succs = block->GetSuccsBlocks();
384 bool hasExit = std::find_if(succs.begin(), succs.end(), [&outerLoop](const BasicBlock *bb) {
385 return bb->GetLoop() == outerLoop;
386 }) != succs.end();
387 if (hasExit) {
388 return;
389 }
390 }
391 isInfinite_ = true;
392 }
393
IsPostExitBlock(const BasicBlock * block) const394 bool Loop::IsPostExitBlock(const BasicBlock *block) const
395 {
396 for (auto loopBlock : GetBlocks()) {
397 for (auto succ : loopBlock->GetSuccsBlocks()) {
398 if (succ->GetLoop() != GetOuterLoop()) {
399 continue;
400 }
401
402 if (succ == block) {
403 return true;
404 }
405 }
406 }
407
408 return false;
409 }
410
411 /*
412 * Find outside block for the loop with single back-edge exit
413 */
GetLoopOutsideSuccessor(Loop * loop)414 BasicBlock *GetLoopOutsideSuccessor(Loop *loop)
415 {
416 ASSERT(loop->GetBackEdges().size() == 1);
417 auto backEdge = loop->GetBackEdges()[0];
418 auto headerSuccIdx = backEdge->GetSuccBlockIndex(loop->GetHeader());
419 ASSERT(backEdge->GetSuccsBlocks().size() == MAX_SUCCS_NUM);
420 auto outsideBlock = backEdge->GetSuccessor(1 - headerSuccIdx);
421 ASSERT(outsideBlock != nullptr);
422 return outsideBlock;
423 }
424
425 /**
426 * Check if the loop block sequence meets the requirements:
427 * - there is only one back-edge;
428 * - there is only one exit-point - from the back-edge;
429 */
IsLoopSingleBackEdgeExitPoint(Loop * loop)430 bool IsLoopSingleBackEdgeExitPoint(Loop *loop)
431 {
432 ASSERT(loop != nullptr);
433 if (loop->IsIrreducible()) {
434 return false;
435 }
436 if (loop->GetBackEdges().size() != 1) {
437 return false;
438 }
439 auto backEdge = loop->GetBackEdges()[0];
440 // Check there are no side-exits
441 for (auto block : loop->GetBlocks()) {
442 if (block == backEdge) {
443 continue;
444 }
445 for (auto succ : block->GetSuccsBlocks()) {
446 if (succ->GetLoop() != loop) {
447 return false;
448 }
449 }
450 }
451 return true;
452 }
453 } // namespace ark::compiler
454