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12 	acpi=		[HW,ACPI,X86,ARM64,RISCV64,EARLY]
36 1,0: use 1st APIC table
37 default: 0
77 acpi.debug_layer=0x20000000
80 acpi.debug_layer=0xffffffff acpi.debug_level=0x2
82 acpi.debug_layer=0x2 acpi.debug_level=0xffffffff
106 By default, this is disabled due to x86 early mapping
230 acpi_pm_good [X86]
277 add_efi_memmap [EFI,X86,EARLY] Include EFI memory map in
291 behaviour to be specified. Bit 0 enables warnings,
294 align_va_addr= [X86-64]
325 amd_iommu= [HW,X86-64]
348 amd_iommu_dump= [HW,X86-64]
354 amd_iommu_intr= [HW,X86-64]
363 amd_pstate= [X86,EARLY]
376 to bias toward performance (0x0) or energy efficiency (0xff)
387 [X86]
408 apic= [APIC,X86,EARLY] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
413 For X86-32, this can also be used to specify an APIC
418 apic_extnmi= [APIC,X86,EARLY] External NMI delivery setting
420 bsp: External NMI is delivered only to CPU 0
422 backup of CPU 0
431 See header of arch/x86/kernel/apm_32.c.
434 Format: { "0" | "1" }
436 0 -- disable.
483 Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
489 Format: { "0" | "1" | "off" | "on" }
490 0 | off - kernel audit is disabled and can not be
501 Format: <int> (must be >=0)
505 behavior is to disable the BAU (i.e. bau=0).
506 Format: { "0" | "1" }
507 0 - Disable the BAU.
543 bgrt_disable [ACPI,X86,EARLY]
576 cachesize= [BUGS=X86-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
594 algorithm. Accepted values range from 0 to 7
638 Format: { "0" | "1" }
640 0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes
651 clearcpuid=X[,X...] [X86]
653 arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h for the valid bit
681 clock= [BUGS=X86-32, HW] gettimeofday clocksource override.
698 [X86-32] pit,hpet,tsc;
705 [X86-64] hpet,tsc
736 memory allocations. A value of 0 disables CMA
743 contiguous memory allocations. A value of 0 disables
745 specified, the default value is 0.
788 Format: y|n|Y|N|1|0
838 uart[8250],0x<addr>[,options]
878 seconds. A value of 0 disables the blank timer.
879 Defaults to 0.
890 0: default value, disable debugging
912 [X86,EARLY] Delay for N microsec between assert and de-assert
937 [KNL, X86-64, ARM64, RISCV, LoongArch] Select a region
950 [KNL, X86-64, ARM64, RISCV, LoongArch] range could be
958 [KNL, X86-64, ARM64, RISCV, LoongArch] range under 4G.
967 --> x86: max(swiotlb_size_or_default() + 8MiB, 256MiB)
973 0: to disable low allocation.
1018 Bitmask for the various LOCKTYPE_ tests. Defaults to 0
1068 debugpat [X86] Enable PAT debugging
1086 of 0 will timeout at the end of initcalls. If the time
1160 disable_mtrr_cleanup [X86,EARLY]
1165 disable_mtrr_trim [X86, Intel and AMD only,EARLY]
1171 disable_timer_pin_1 [X86,EARLY]
1175 dis_ucode_ldr [X86] Disable the microcode loader.
1195 [X86] Controls mitigation for Register File Data
1244 dump_apple_properties [X86]
1246 x86 Macs. Useful for driver authors to determine
1278 uart[8250],0x<addr>[,options]
1386 coherent non-x86 systems that use system memory for
1396 earlyprintk= [X86,SH,ARM,M68k,S390,UM,EARLY]
1401 earlyprintk=serial[,0x...[,baudrate]]
1420 on some architectures (x86 and arm at least) by
1422 earlyprintk=serial,0x1008,115200
1475 efi_no_storage_paranoia [EFI,X86,EARLY]
1481 efivar_ssdt= [EFI; X86] Name of an EFI variable that contains an SSDT
1491 ekgdboc= [X86,KGDB,EARLY] Allow early kernel console debugging
1502 elanfreq= [X86-32]
1504 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
1506 elfcorehdr=[size[KMG]@]offset[KMG] [PPC,SH,X86,S390,EARLY]
1512 enable_mtrr_cleanup [X86,EARLY]
1517 enable_timer_pin_1 [X86]
1524 Format: {"0" | "1"}
1526 0 -- permissive (log only, no denials).
1528 Default value is 0.
1573 forcepae [X86-32]
1580 fred= [X86-64]
1661 in the tracefs tracing directory. default: 0 (no limit)
1708 gart_fix_e820= [X86-64,EARLY] disable the fix e820 for K8 GART
1713 [X86,INTEL,EARLY] Control the Gather Data Sampling (GDS)
1738 goldfish [X86] Enable the goldfish android emulator platform.
1753 grcan.enable0= [HW] Configuration of physical interface 0. Determines
1754 the "Enable 0" bit of the configuration register.
1755 Format: 0 | 1
1756 Default: 0
1758 the "Enable 0" bit of the configuration register.
1759 Format: 0 | 1
1760 Default: 0
1762 Format: 0 | 1
1763 Default: 0
1765 Format: <unsigned int> such that (txsize & ~0x1fffc0) == 0.
1768 Format: <unsigned int> such that (rxsize & ~0x1fffc0) == 0.
1785 Format: 0 | 1
1790 Format: 0 | 1 (for off | on)
1844 hpet= [X86-32,HPET] option to control HPET usage
1852 hpet_mmap= [X86, HPET_MMAP] Allow userspace to mmap HPET
1908 Format: 0 | 1
1917 terminal devices. Valid values: 0..8
1926 hv_nopvspin [X86,HYPER_V,EARLY]
1937 i2c_touchscreen_props= [HW,ACPI,X86]
1941 submit a drivers/platform/x86/touchscreen_dmi.c patch
1980 Format: { 1 | Y | y | 0 | N | n }
1982 0, N, n: don't ever reset controller
1983 Default: only on s2r transitions on x86; most other
1995 brightness value of 0 indicates backlight switched off,
1997 to maximum brightness. If this parameter is set to 0
1999 is set to 1, a brightness value of 0 sets the backlight
2003 0 -- machine default
2006 ia32_emulation= [X86-64]
2016 idle= [X86,EARLY]
2035 for the device. By default it is set to false (0).
2095 owned by uid=0.
2116 mode bit set by either the effective uid (euid=0) or
2117 uid=0.
2138 opened for read by uid=0.
2167 indirect_target_selection= [X86,Intel] Mitigation control for Indirect
2216 Default is 0, 0
2220 Format: 0 | 1
2224 Format: 0 | 1
2227 init_pkru= [X86] Specify the default memory protection keys rights
2228 register contents for all processes. 0x55555554 by
2229 default (disallow access to all but pkey 0). Can
2235 int_pln_enable [X86] Enable power limit notification interrupt
2238 Format: { "0" | "1" }
2239 0 -- basic integrity auditing messages. (Default)
2275 intel_idle.max_cstate= [KNL,HW,ACPI,X86]
2276 0 disables intel_idle and fall back on acpi_idle.
2279 intel_pstate= [X86,EARLY]
2323 intremap= [X86-64,Intel-IOMMU,EARLY]
2337 iommu= [X86,EARLY]
2347 pt [X86]
2348 nopt [X86]
2352 iommu.forcedac= [ARM64,X86,EARLY] Control IOVA allocation for PCI devices.
2353 Format: { "0" | "1" }
2354 0 - Try to allocate a 32-bit DMA address first, before
2360 iommu.strict= [ARM64,X86,S390,EARLY] Configure TLB invalidation behaviour
2361 Format: { "0" | "1" }
2362 0 - Lazy mode.
2372 Note: on x86, strict mode specified via one of the
2376 [ARM64,X86,EARLY] Configure DMA to bypass the IOMMU by default.
2377 Format: { "0" | "1" }
2378 0 - Use IOMMU translation for DMA.
2386 io_delay= [X86,EARLY] I/O delay method
2387 0x80
2388 Standard port 0x80 based delay
2389 0xed
2390 Alternate port 0xed based delay (needed on some systems)
2404 Determine whether IPE starts in permissive (0) or
2412 is 0.
2483 <cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
2514 ivrs_ioapic [HW,X86-64]
2517 By default, PCI segment is 0, and can be omitted.
2520 PCI segment 0x1 and PCI device 00:14.0,
2528 * To map IOAPIC-ID decimal 10 to PCI segment 0x1 and
2532 ivrs_hpet [HW,X86-64]
2535 By default, PCI segment is 0, and can be omitted.
2538 PCI segment 0x1 and PCI device 00:14.0,
2543 * To map HPET-ID decimal 0 to PCI device 00:14.0
2545 ivrs_hpet[0]=00:14.0
2546 * To map HPET-ID decimal 10 to PCI segment 0x1 and
2550 ivrs_acpihid [HW,X86-64]
2553 By default, PCI segment is 0, and can be omitted.
2555 For example, to map UART-HID:UID AMD0020:0 to
2556 PCI segment 0x1 and PCI device ID 00:14.5,
2558 ivrs_acpihid=AMD0020:0@0001:00:14.5
2561 * To map UART-HID:UID AMD0020:0 to PCI segment is 0,
2563 ivrs_acpihid[00:14.5]=AMD0020:0
2564 * To map UART-HID:UID AMD0020:0 to PCI segment 0x1 and
2566 ivrs_acpihid[0001:00:14.5]=AMD0020:0
2585 kernelcore= [KNL,X86,PPC,EARLY]
2675 0: force disabled
2682 Default is 0 (disabled)
2685 Default is 0 (don't ignore, but inject #GP)
2688 [KVM,X86] Controls whether or not KVM will try to
2712 kvm.enable_virt_at_load=[KVM,ARM64,LOONGARCH,MIPS,RISCV,X86]
2719 VMs, i.e. on the 0=>1 and 1=>0 transitions of the
2723 latency for creation of the 0=>1 VM, as KVM serializes
2747 back to huge pages. 0 disables the recovery, otherwise if
2755 If the value is 0 (the default), KVM will pick a period based
2803 This range from 0 (default) to 9.
2806 [KVM,ARM,EARLY] Trap guest accesses to GICv3 group-0
2892 l1d_flush= [X86,INTEL,EARLY]
2909 l1tf= [X86,EARLY] Control mitigation of the L1TF vulnerability on
2978 lapic [X86-32,APIC,EARLY] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS
2981 lapic= [X86,APIC] Do not use TSC deadline
2986 lapic_timer_c2_ok [X86,APIC,EARLY] trust the local apic timer
2990 libata.dma=0 Disable all PATA and SATA DMA
2998 libata.ignore_hpa=0 keep BIOS limits (default)
3016 number of 0 either selects the first device or the
3031 * Transfer mode: pio[0-7], mwdma[0-4] and udma[0-7].
3138 in progress at any given time. Defaults to 0,
3144 to 100 milliseconds. Select 0 to disable.
3170 boosting. Select 0 to disable, 1 to boost
3225 0 (KERN_EMERG) system is unusable
3249 lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
3251 lp=reset first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
3269 CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
3291 will bring up during bootup. maxcpus=n : n >= 0 limits
3296 While n=0 is a special case, it is equivalent to "nosmp",
3306 mce [X86-32] Machine Check Exception
3308 mce=option [X86-64] See Documentation/arch/x86/x86_64/boot-options.rst
3317 mds= [X86,INTEL,EARLY]
3350 Must be specified, otherwise memory size will be 0.
3368 [X86] Work as limiting max address. Use together
3385 mem=nopentium [BUGS=X86-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
3402 memmap=exactmap [KNL,X86,EARLY] Enable setting of an exact
3409 [KNL, X86,MIPS,XTENSA,EARLY] Force usage of a specific region of memory.
3425 Example: Exclude memory from 0x18690000-0x1869ffff
3426 memmap=64K$0x18690000
3428 memmap=0x10000$0x18690000
3434 [KNL,X86] Mark specific memory as protected.
3436 The memory region may be marked as e820 type 12 (0xc)
3448 memory_corruption_check=0/1 [X86,EARLY]
3460 memory_corruption_check_size=size [X86,EARLY]
3466 memory_corruption_check_period=seconds [X86,EARLY]
3469 other rate. 0 disables periodic checking.
3472 [KNL,X86,ARM] Boolean flag to enable this feature.
3490 memtest= [KNL,X86,ARM,M68K,PPC,RISCV,EARLY] Enable memtest
3492 default : 0 <disable>
3500 mem_encrypt= [X86-64] AMD Secure Memory Encryption (SME) control
3506 Refer to Documentation/virt/kvm/x86/amd-memory-encryption.rst
3515 mfgptfix [X86-32] Fix MFGPT timers on AMD Geode platforms when
3522 microcode.force_minrev= [X86]
3528 Format:[0..2][b][c][t]
3529 Default: "0tb"
3531 0 - The attached screen is the 3.5" TFT
3549 [X86,PPC,S390,ARM64,EARLY] Control optional mitigations for
3561 Equivalent to: if nokaslr then kpti=0 [ARM64]
3562 gather_data_sampling=off [X86]
3563 indirect_target_selection=off [X86]
3564 kvm.nx_huge_pages=off [X86]
3565 l1tf=off [X86]
3566 mds=off [X86]
3567 mmio_stale_data=off [X86]
3570 nobp=0 [S390]
3571 nopti [X86,PPC]
3573 nospectre_v1 [X86,PPC]
3574 nospectre_v2 [X86,PPC,S390,ARM64]
3575 reg_file_data_sampling=off [X86]
3576 retbleed=off [X86]
3577 spec_rstack_overflow=off [X86]
3578 spec_store_bypass_disable=off [X86,PPC]
3579 spectre_bhi=off [X86]
3580 spectre_v2_user=off [X86]
3581 srbds=off [X86,INTEL]
3583 tsx_async_abort=off [X86]
3584 vmscape=off [X86]
3603 Equivalent to: l1tf=flush,nosmt [X86]
3604 mds=full,nosmt [X86]
3605 tsx_async_abort=full,nosmt [X86]
3606 mmio_stale_data=full,nosmt [X86]
3607 retbleed=auto,nosmt [X86]
3613 of 0 disables mminit logging and a level of 4 will
3618 [X86,INTEL,EARLY] Control mitigation for the Processor
3693 movablecore= [KNL,X86,PPC,EARLY]
3723 mtrr=debug [X86,EARLY]
3727 mtrr_chunk_size=nn[KMG,X86,EARLY]
3731 mtrr_gran_size=nn[KMG,X86,EARLY]
3737 mtrr_spare_reg_nr=n [X86,EARLY]
3739 Range: 0,7 : spare reg number
3764 0 to disable accounting
3766 Default value is 0.
3790 and the specified value is >= 0.
3829 To turn off this behaviour, set the value to '0'.
3846 The default parameter value of '0' causes the kernel
3861 Setting this to value to 0 causes the kernel to use
3903 nmi_watchdog= [KNL,BUGS=X86] Debugging features for SMP kernels
3905 Valid num: 0 or 1
3906 0 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog off
3908 rNNN - configure the watchdog with raw perf event 0xNNN
3921 no387 [BUGS=X86-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
3928 no5lvl [X86-64,RISCV,EARLY] Disable 5-level paging mode. Forces
3964 noexec32 [X86-64]
3977 nofsgsbase [X86] Disables FSGSBASE instructions.
3979 nofxsr [BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 floating point extended
4009 nohugeiomap [KNL,X86,PPC,ARM64,EARLY] Disable kernel huge I/O mappings.
4011 nohugevmalloc [KNL,X86,PPC,ARM64,EARLY] Disable kernel huge vmalloc mappings.
4033 nointremap [X86-64,Intel-IOMMU,EARLY] Do not enable interrupt
4037 noinvpcid [X86,EARLY] Disable the INVPCID cpu feature.
4041 noirqdebug [X86-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
4051 no-kvmapf [X86,KVM,EARLY] Disable paravirtualized asynchronous page
4054 no-kvmclock [X86,KVM,EARLY] Disable paravirtualized KVM clock driver
4056 nolapic [X86-32,APIC,EARLY] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
4058 nolapic_timer [X86-32,APIC,EARLY] Do not use the local APIC timer.
4060 nomce [X86-32] Disable Machine Check Exception
4062 nomfgpt [X86-32] Disable Multi-Function General Purpose
4077 nonmi_ipi [X86] Disable using NMI IPIs during panic/reboot to
4081 nopat [X86,EARLY] Disable PAT (page attribute table extension of
4084 nopcid [X86-64,EARLY] Disable the PCID cpu feature.
4086 nopku [X86] Disable Memory Protection Keys CPU feature found
4089 nopti [X86-64,EARLY]
4092 nopv= [X86,XEN,KVM,HYPER_V,VMWARE,EARLY]
4097 nopvspin [X86,XEN,KVM,EARLY]
4103 echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
4105 noreplace-smp [X86-32,SMP] Don't replace SMP instructions
4115 nosgx [X86-64,SGX,EARLY] Disables Intel SGX kernel support.
4126 and disable the IO APIC. legacy for "maxcpus=0".
4131 [KNL,X86,PPC] Disable symmetric multithreading (SMT).
4145 nospectre_v1 [X86,PPC,EARLY] Disable mitigations for Spectre Variant 1
4149 nospectre_v2 [X86,PPC_E500,ARM64,EARLY] Disable all mitigations
4154 no-steal-acc [X86,PV_OPS,ARM64,PPC/PSERIES,RISCV,LOONGARCH,EARLY]
4160 no_timer_check [X86,APIC] Disables the code which tests for
4178 [X86,PV_OPS,EARLY] Disable paravirtualized VMware
4186 nox2apic [X86-64,APIC,EARLY] Do not enable x2APIC mode.
4192 noxsave [BUGS=X86] Disables x86 extended register state save
4196 noxsaveopt [X86] Disables xsaveopt used in saving x86 extended
4203 noxsaves [X86] Disables xsaves and xrstors used in saving and
4204 restoring x86 extended register state in compacted
4222 numa=off [KNL, ARM64, PPC, RISCV, SPARC, X86, EARLY]
4227 [KNL, ARM64, RISCV, X86, EARLY]
4232 [KNL, ARM64, RISCV, X86, EARLY]
4237 [KNL, ARM64, RISCV, X86, EARLY]
4241 numa_balancing= [KNL,ARM64,PPC,RISCV,S390,X86] Enable or disable automatic
4264 omap_mux=i2c2_scl.i2c2_scl=0x100,i2c2_sda.i2c2_sda=0x100
4274 1 indicates lock status, 0 indicates unlock status.
4310 timeout > 0: seconds before rebooting
4311 timeout = 0: wait forever
4312 timeout < 0: reboot immediately
4334 bit 0: print all tasks info
4348 connected to, default is 0.
4351 0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
4354 parport= [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
4355 Format: { 0 | auto | 0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] }
4402 for the respective channel. Bit 0 is for the first
4427 Bit 0 is for mode 0, bit 1 is for mode 1, and so on.
4439 options up to 6 legacy ports are supported: 0x1f0,
4440 0x170, 0x1e8, 0x168, 0x1e0, 0x160, however probing
4442 corresponding bits in the mask to 1. Bit 0 is for
4443 the first port in the list above (0x1f0), and so on.
4449 set to 1 if CONFIG_PATA_QDI_MODULE, 0 otherwise.
4454 the standard I/O port (0x130) if 1, otherwise the
4455 value given is the I/O port to use (typically 0x1b0).
4457 0 otherwise.
4462 the use of the respective PIO modes. Bit 0 is for
4463 mode 0, bit 1 is for mode 1, and so on. Mode 0 only
4499 off [X86] don't probe for the PCI bus
4500 bios [X86-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
4503 nobios [X86-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
4507 conf1 [X86] Force use of PCI Configuration Access
4508 Mechanism 1 (config address in IO port 0xCF8,
4509 data in IO port 0xCFC, both 32-bit).
4510 conf2 [X86] Force use of PCI Configuration Access
4511 Mechanism 2 (IO port 0xCF8 is an 8-bit port for
4512 the function, IO port 0xCFA, also 8-bit, sets
4514 through ports 0xC000-0xCFFF).
4522 nommconf [X86] Disable use of MMCONFIG for PCI
4524 check_enable_amd_mmconf [X86] check for and enable
4541 biosirq [X86-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
4549 rom [X86] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
4553 norom [X86] Do not assign address space to
4556 nobar [X86] Do not assign address space to the
4558 irqmask=0xMMMM [X86] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be
4562 pirqaddr=0xAAAAA [X86] Specify the physical address
4566 lastbus=N [X86] Scan all buses thru bus #N. Can be
4570 assign-busses [X86] Always assign all PCI bus
4573 usepirqmask [X86] Honor the possible IRQ mask stored
4579 noacpi [X86] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
4581 use_crs [X86] Use PCI host bridge window information
4585 nocrs [X86] Ignore PCI host bridge windows from ACPI.
4587 use_e820 [X86] Use E820 reservations to exclude parts of
4592 no_e820 [X86] Ignore E820 reservations for PCI host
4600 skip_isa_align [X86] do not align io start addr, so can
4602 noearly [X86] Don't do any early type 1 scanning.
4710 bit-0 : ACS Source Validation
4718 '0' – force disabled
4777 Format: { 0 | 1 }
4789 See Documentation/arch/x86/i386/IO-APIC.rst.
4792 Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
4795 pmtmr= [X86] Manual setup of pmtmr I/O Port.
4797 e.g. pmtmr=0x508
4802 PMU counters by setting MMCR0 to 0 (the FC bit is
4805 remains 0.
4843 possible_cpus= [SMP,S390,X86]
4889 Format: <bool> (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
4896 serial console, keeping this 0 is a good choice
4899 default: 0 (auto_verbose is enabled)
4906 Format: <bool> (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
4917 Format: <bool> (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
4965 (0 = never).
4970 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
4974 pti= [X86-64] Control Page Table Isolation of user and
5024 Format: <bool> (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
5029 cec_disable [X86]
5139 RCU_BOOST is not set, valid values are 0-99 and
5185 of permitted values is in the range 0:100000.
5264 Specify rcutree.use_softirq=0 to use rcuc kthreads.
5287 Default is 0.
5552 Test RCU priority boosting? 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.
5582 Or even just writing a value of 0 to this sysfs node.
5752 rdrand= [X86,EARLY]
5759 rdt= [HW,X86,RDT]
5767 Format (x86 or x86_64):
5798 x86 laptops.
5819 refscale is built into the kernel and to 0 (leave
5845 them. If <base> is less than 0x10000, the region
5870 reservetop= [X86-32,EARLY]
5899 retbleed= [X86] Control mitigation of RETBleed (Arbitrary
5937 0 "airplane mode". All wifi, bluetooth, wimax, gps, fm,
5942 0 The "airplane mode" button does nothing.
6022 and so on. As a special case a factor of 0 imposes no
6036 schedstats= [KNL,X86] Enable or disable scheduled statistics.
6055 Format: integer between 0 and 10
6056 Default is 0.
6153 Format: { "0" | "1" }
6154 0 -- disable. (may be 1 via CONFIG_CMDLINE="skew_tick=1"
6164 Format: { "0" | "1" }
6166 0 -- disable.
6170 serialnumber [BUGS=X86-32]
6172 sev=option[,option...] [X86-64] See Documentation/arch/x86/x86_64/boot-options.rst
6177 show_lapic= [APIC,X86] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
6267 0: Toshiba Satellite 1800 (GP data pin select)
6280 Format: 0 | 1
6291 Format: 0 | 1
6296 spectre_bhi= [X86] Control mitigation of Branch History Injection
6311 spectre_v2= [X86,EARLY] Control mitigation of Spectre variant 2
6352 [X86] Control mitigation of Spectre variant 2
6393 [X86,EARLY] Control RAS overflow mitigation on AMD Zen CPUs
6424 On x86 the options are:
6442 X86: "prctl"
6456 [X86] Enable split lock detection or bus lock detection
6482 0 < N <= 1000.
6493 CPL > 0.
6495 srbds= [X86,INTEL,EARLY]
6529 0: Never.
6533 0x1X: Above plus if high contention.
6579 srcutree.convert_to_big must have the 0x10 bit
6637 [X86]
6660 range 0 < portnr < 1024).
6671 The default value is 0 (no limit).
6706 Format: { on | off | y | n | 1 | 0 }
6710 swiotlb= [ARM,PPC,MIPS,X86,S390,EARLY]
6777 0: no polling (default)
6840 (0). For more information about TPM hardware interfaces
6852 echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/tracepoint_printk
6939 If memory has been reserved (see memmap for x86), the instance
6942 memmap=12M$0x284500000 trace_instance=boot_map@0x284500000:12M
6945 memory at 0x284500000 that is 12Megs. The per CPU buffers of that
7063 tsa= [X86] Control mitigation for Transient Scheduler
7078 [x86] reliable: mark tsc clocksource as reliable, this
7083 [x86] noirqtime: Do not use TSC to do irq accounting.
7087 [x86] unstable: mark the TSC clocksource as unstable, this
7090 [x86] nowatchdog: disable clocksource watchdog. Used
7094 [x86] recalibrate: force recalibration against a HW timer
7096 obtained from HW or FW using either an MSR or CPUID(0x15).
7098 [x86] watchdog: Use TSC as the watchdog clocksource with
7105 tsc_early_khz= [X86,EARLY] Skip early TSC calibration and use the given
7111 tsx= [X86] Control Transactional Synchronization
7140 tsx_async_abort= [X86,INTEL,EARLY] Control mitigation for the TSX Async
7204 [X86] Cause panic on unknown NMI.
7206 unwind_debug [X86-64,EARLY]
7215 0 = not authorized, 1 = authorized, 2 = authorized
7226 [USB] Set to log all usbfs traffic (default 0 = off).
7233 [USB] Set to cycle leds on hubs (default 0 = off).
7237 scheme (default 0 = off).
7241 usbfs (default = 16, 0 = max = 2047).
7315 Example: quirks=0781:5580:bk,0a5c:5834:gij
7399 [X86,EARLY] Flags controlling user PTE allocations.
7405 vdso= [X86,SH,SPARC]
7409 vdso=0: disable VDSO mapping
7411 vdso32= [X86] Control the 32-bit vDSO
7413 vdso32=0 or vdso32=2: disable 32-bit VDSO
7417 vdso32=0; otherwise, the default is vdso32=1.
7420 alias for vdso32=0.
7422 Try vdso32=0 if you encounter an error that says:
7429 Format: [0|1]
7433 the allocated input device. If set to 0, video driver
7450 virtio_mmio.device=1K@0x100b0000:48:7
7454 vga= [BOOT,X86-32] Select a particular video mode
7455 See Documentation/arch/x86/boot.rst and
7475 the minimum size (128MB on x86, arm32 platforms).
7495 vmscape= [X86] Controls mitigation for VMscape attacks.
7505 vsyscall= [X86-64,EARLY]
7507 fixed addresses of 0xffffffffff600x00 from legacy
7526 Format: 0xYX, X = foreground, Y = background.
7527 Default: 0x07 = light gray on black.
7530 Format: 0xCCBBAA, where AA, BB, and CC are the same as
7538 ranging from 0-255.
7544 ranging from 0-255.
7550 ranging from 0-255.
7554 Format=<0|1>
7561 Format=<-1|0|1>
7565 overridden by individual drivers. 0 will hide
7568 vt.italic= [VT] Default color for italic text; 0-15.
7571 vt.underline= [VT] Default color for underlined text; 0-15.
7583 threshold is set to twice the value. A value of 0
7597 help debugging. 0 disables workqueue stall
7608 The default is 0, which disables the panic on stall.
7629 The default is 4 times. 0 disables the warning.
7675 x2apic_phys [X86-64,APIC,EARLY] Use x2apic physical mode instead of
7679 xen_512gb_limit [KNL,X86-64,XEN]
7686 xen_emul_unplug= [HW,X86,XEN,EARLY]
7698 xen_legacy_crash [X86,XEN,EARLY]
7702 xen_mc_debug [X86,XEN,EARLY]
7708 xen_msr_safe= [X86,XEN,EARLY]
7714 xen_nopv [X86]
7721 [KNL,X86,XEN,EARLY] Disable the vector callback for Xen
7730 xen_timer_slop= [X86-64,XEN,EARLY]