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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/opal/
Dpower-mgt.txt1 IBM Power-Management Bindings
5 idle states. The description of these idle states is exposed via the
6 node @power-mgt in the device-tree by the firmware.
9 ----------------
10 Typically each idle state has the following associated properties:
12 - name: The name of the idle state as defined by the firmware.
14 - flags: indicating some aspects of this idle states such as the
15 extent of state-loss, whether timebase is stopped on this
16 idle states and so on. The flag bits are as follows:
18 - exit-latency: The latency involved in transitioning the state of the
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/Documentation/admin-guide/pm/
Dintel_idle.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 ``intel_idle`` CPU Idle Time Management Driver
17 :doc:`CPU idle time management subsystem <cpuidle>` in the Linux kernel
18 (``CPUIdle``). It is the default CPU idle time management driver for the
24 Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpuidle.rst if you have not done that yet.]
27 logical CPU executing it is idle and so it may be possible to put some of the
28 processor's functional blocks into low-power states. That instruction takes two
29 arguments (passed in the ``EAX`` and ``ECX`` registers of the target CPU), the
38 only way to pass early-configuration-time parameters to it is via the kernel
42 .. _intel-idle-enumeration-of-states:
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Dcpuidle.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 .. |cpufreq| replace:: :doc:`CPU Performance Scaling <cpufreq>`
8 CPU Idle Time Management
19 Modern processors are generally able to enter states in which the execution of
21 memory or executed. Those states are the *idle* states of the processor.
23 Since part of the processor hardware is not used in idle states, entering them
27 CPU idle time management is an energy-efficiency feature concerned about using
28 the idle states of processors for this purpose.
31 ------------
33 CPU idle time management operates on CPUs as seen by the *CPU scheduler* (that
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Dsuspend-flows.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
12 At least one global system-wide transition needs to be carried out for the
14 :doc:`sleep states <sleep-states>`. Hibernation requires more than one
15 transition to occur for this purpose, but the other sleep states, commonly
16 referred to as *system-wide suspend* (or simply *system suspend*) states, need
19 For those sleep states, the transition from the working state of the system into
26 different sleep states of the system are quite similar, but there are some
27 significant differences between the :ref:`suspend-to-idle <s2idle>` code flows
28 and the code flows related to the :ref:`suspend-to-RAM <s2ram>` and
29 :ref:`standby <standby>` sleep states.
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Dsleep-states.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 System Sleep States
13 Sleep states are global low-power states of the entire system in which user
18 Sleep States That Can Be Supported
22 the Linux kernel can support up to four system sleep states, including
23 hibernation and up to three variants of system suspend. The sleep states that
28 Suspend-to-Idle
29 ---------------
31 This is a generic, pure software, light-weight variant of system suspend (also
33 runtime idle by freezing user space, suspending the timekeeping and putting all
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/cpu/
Didle-states.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/cpu/idle-states.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: Idle states
10 - Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
11 - Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
15 1 - Introduction
18 ARM and RISC-V systems contain HW capable of managing power consumption
19 dynamically, where cores can be put in different low-power states (ranging
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Dcpu-capacity.txt2 CPU capacity bindings
6 1 - Introduction
15 2 - CPU capacity definition
18 CPU capacity is a number that provides the scheduler information about CPUs
19 heterogeneity. Such heterogeneity can come from micro-architectural differences
23 capture a first-order approximation of the relative performance of CPUs.
25 CPU capacities are obtained by running a suitable benchmark. This binding makes
29 * A "single-threaded" or CPU affine benchmark
30 * Divided by the running frequency of the CPU executing the benchmark
31 * Not subject to dynamic frequency scaling of the CPU
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/Documentation/driver-api/pm/
Dcpuidle.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 CPU Idle Time Management
13 CPU Idle Time Management Subsystem
18 cores) is idle after an interrupt or equivalent wakeup event, which means that
19 there are no tasks to run on it except for the special "idle" task associated
21 belongs to. That can be done by making the idle logical CPU stop fetching
23 depended on by it into an idle state in which they will draw less power.
25 However, there may be multiple different idle states that can be used in such a
28 particular idle state. That is the role of the CPU idle time management
35 units: *governors* responsible for selecting idle states to ask the processor
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/
Dpsci.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
15 processors") can be used by Linux to initiate various CPU-centric power
18 Issue A of the specification describes functions for CPU suspend, hotplug
25 r0 => 32-bit Function ID / return value
26 {r1 - r3} => Parameters
40 - description:
44 - description:
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/Documentation/admin-guide/thermal/
Dintel_powerclamp.rst6 - Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
7 - Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@linux.intel.com>
12 - Goals and Objectives
15 - Idle Injection
16 - Calibration
19 - Effectiveness and Limitations
20 - Power vs Performance
21 - Scalability
22 - Calibration
23 - Comparison with Alternative Techniques
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/power/
Ddomain-idle-state.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/power/domain-idle-state.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: PM Domain Idle States
10 - Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
13 A domain idle state node represents the state parameters that will be used to
18 const: domain-idle-states
21 "^(cpu|cluster|domain)-":
25 Each state node represents a domain idle state description.
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/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/
Dlpit.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 Low Power Idle Table (LPIT)
7 To enumerate platform Low Power Idle states, Intel platforms are using
8 “Low Power Idle Table” (LPIT). More details about this table can be
15 On platforms supporting S0ix sleep states, there can be two types of
18 - CPU PKG C10 (Read via FFH interface)
19 - Platform Controller Hub (PCH) SLP_S0 (Read via memory mapped interface)
24 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us
25 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us
28 by the CPU package in PKG C10
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/thermal/
Dthermal-idle.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
4 ---
5 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/thermal/thermal-idle.yaml#
6 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
8 title: Thermal idle cooling device
11 - Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
14 The thermal idle cooling device allows the system to passively
15 mitigate the temperature on the device by injecting idle cycles,
18 This binding describes the thermal idle node.
22 const: thermal-idle
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Dthermal-cooling-devices.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0)
4 ---
5 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/thermal/thermal-cooling-devices.yaml#
6 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
11 - Amit Kucheria <amitk@kernel.org>
20 - thermal-sensor: device that measures temperature, has SoC-specific bindings
21 - cooling-device: device used to dissipate heat either passively or actively
22 - thermal-zones: a container of the following node types used to describe all
28 - Passive cooling: by means of regulating device performance. A typical
29 passive cooling mechanism is a CPU that has dynamic voltage and frequency
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/Documentation/trace/coresight/
Dcoresight-cpu-debug.rst2 Coresight CPU Debug Module
9 ------------
11 Coresight CPU debug module is defined in ARMv8-a architecture reference manual
12 (ARM DDI 0487A.k) Chapter 'Part H: External debug', the CPU can integrate
13 debug module and it is mainly used for two modes: self-hosted debug and
16 explore debugging method which rely on self-hosted debug mode, this document
19 The debug module provides sample-based profiling extension, which can be used
20 to sample CPU program counter, secure state and exception level, etc; usually
21 every CPU has one dedicated debug module to be connected. Based on self-hosted
24 will dump related registers for every CPU; finally this is good for assistant
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/cpufreq/
Dqcom-cpufreq-nvmem.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/cpufreq/qcom-cpufreq-nvmem.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Ilia Lin <ilia.lin@kernel.org>
13 In certain Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. SoCs such as QCS404, The CPU supply
15 current CPU frequency and efuse values.
17 on the CPU OPP in use. The CPUFreq driver sets the CPR power domain level
18 according to the required OPPs defined in the CPU OPP tables.
28 - qcom,apq8064
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Dcpufreq-mediatek.txt5 - clocks: A list of phandle + clock-specifier pairs for the clocks listed in clock names.
6 - clock-names: Should contain the following:
7 "cpu" - The multiplexer for clock input of CPU cluster.
8 "intermediate" - A parent of "cpu" clock which is used as "intermediate" clock
9 source (usually MAINPLL) when the original CPU PLL is under
11 Please refer to Documentation/devicetree/bindings/clock/clock-bindings.txt for
13 - operating-points-v2: Please refer to Documentation/devicetree/bindings/opp/opp-v2.yaml
15 - proc-supply: Regulator for Vproc of CPU cluster.
18 - sram-supply: Regulator for Vsram of CPU cluster. When present, the cpufreq driver
23 - mediatek,cci:
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/opp/
Dopp-v2-kryo-cpu.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/opp/opp-v2-kryo-cpu.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Ilia Lin <ilia.lin@kernel.org>
13 - $ref: opp-v2-base.yaml#
17 the CPU frequencies subset and voltage value of each OPP varies based on
22 The qcom-cpufreq-nvmem driver reads the efuse value from the SoC to provide
25 operating-points-v2 table when it is parsed by the OPP framework.
30 - operating-points-v2-krait-cpu
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/Documentation/trace/
Devents-power.rst8 - Power state switch which reports events related to suspend (S-states),
9 cpuidle (C-states) and cpufreq (P-states)
10 - System clock related changes
11 - Power domains related changes and transitions
22 -----------------
24 A 'cpu' event class gathers the CPU-related events: cpuidle and
39 Note: the value of '-1' or '4294967295' for state means an exit from the current state,
41 enters the idle state 4, while trace_cpu_idle(PWR_EVENT_EXIT, smp_processor_id())
42 means that the system exits the previous idle state.
46 correctly draw the states diagrams and to calculate accurate statistics etc.
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/Documentation/RCU/Design/Memory-Ordering/
DTree-RCU-Memory-Ordering.rst2 A Tour Through TREE_RCU's Grace-Period Memory Ordering
13 grace-period memory ordering guarantee is provided.
18 RCU grace periods provide extremely strong memory-ordering guarantees
19 for non-idle non-offline code.
22 period that are within RCU read-side critical sections.
25 of that grace period that are within RCU read-side critical sections.
27 Note well that RCU-sched read-side critical sections include any region
30 an extremely small region of preemption-disabled code, one can think of
37 a linked RCU-protected data structure, and phase two frees that element.
39 phase-one update (in the common case, removal) must not witness state
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/riscv/
Dcpus.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0 OR MIT)
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: RISC-V CPUs
10 - Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
11 - Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
12 - Conor Dooley <conor@kernel.org>
15 This document uses some terminology common to the RISC-V community
19 mandated by the RISC-V ISA: a PC and some registers. This
27 - $ref: /schemas/cpu.yaml#
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/Documentation/ABI/testing/
Dsysfs-devices-system-cpu1 What: /sys/devices/system/cpu/
2 Date: pre-git history
3 Contact: Linux kernel mailing list <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
5 A collection of both global and individual CPU attributes
7 Individual CPU attributes are contained in subdirectories
8 named by the kernel's logical CPU number, e.g.:
10 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/
12 What: /sys/devices/system/cpu/kernel_max
13 /sys/devices/system/cpu/offline
14 /sys/devices/system/cpu/online
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/Documentation/driver-api/thermal/
Dcpu-idle-cooling.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 CPU Idle Cooling
8 ----------
26 budget lower than the requested one and under-utilize the CPU, thus
27 losing performance. In other words, one OPP under-utilizes the CPU
33 ----------
37 decrease. Acting on the idle state duration or the idle cycle
47 At a specific OPP, we can assume that injecting idle cycle on all CPUs
49 idle state target residency, we lead to dropping the static and the
51 this state). So the sustainable power with idle cycles has a linear
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/Documentation/RCU/Design/Data-Structures/
DData-Structures.rst15 Data-Structure Relationships
25 .. kernel-figure:: BigTreeClassicRCU.svg
30 ``NR_CPUS`` number of ``rcu_data`` structures, one for each possible CPU.
34 which results in a three-level ``rcu_node`` tree.
38 The purpose of this combining tree is to allow per-CPU events
39 such as quiescent states, dyntick-idle transitions,
40 and CPU hotplug operations to be processed efficiently
42 Quiescent states are recorded by the per-CPU ``rcu_data`` structures,
43 and other events are recorded by the leaf-level ``rcu_node``
48 A grace period can be completed at the root once every CPU
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/timer/
Driscv,timer.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: RISC-V timer
10 - Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
13 RISC-V platforms always have a RISC-V timer device for the supervisor-mode
14 based on the time CSR defined by the RISC-V privileged specification. The
15 timer interrupts of this device are configured using the RISC-V SBI Time
16 extension or the RISC-V Sstc extension.
18 The clock frequency of RISC-V timer device is specified via the
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