Searched +full:higher +full:- +full:end (Results 1 – 25 of 120) sorted by relevance
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| /Documentation/scheduler/ |
| D | sched-debug.rst | 20 -------------------------------------------------------------------
26 end of the address space is reached the scanner restarts from the beginning.
33 the higher the "scan size", the higher the scan rate.
35 Higher scan rates incur higher system overhead as page faults must be
36 trapped and potentially data must be migrated. However, the higher the scan
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| /Documentation/process/ |
| D | 8.Conclusion.rst | 9 top-level :ref:`process/howto.rst <process_howto>`; also read
10 :ref:`process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>`. Many internal
33 Rubini, and Greg Kroah-Hartman). Online at
49 https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/user-manual.html
55 Congratulations to anybody who has made it through this long-winded
59 In the end, it's the participation that matters. Any open source software
69 kernel. Getting code into the mainline is the key to higher code quality,
70 lower maintenance and distribution costs, a higher level of influence over
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| D | 6.Followthrough.rst | 23 ----------------------
31 - If you have explained your patch well, reviewers will understand its
35 Many of the changes you may be asked to make - from coding style tweaks
36 to substantial rewrites - come from the understanding that Linux will
39 - Code review is hard work, and it is a relatively thankless occupation;
47 - Similarly, code reviewers are not trying to promote their employers'
54 - Be prepared for seemingly silly requests for coding style changes
103 always try appealing to a higher power. As of this writing, that higher
112 -----------------
118 things. In particular, there may be more than one tree - one, perhaps,
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| /Documentation/trace/ |
| D | osnoise-tracer.rst | 5 In the context of high-performance computing (HPC), the Operating System
9 system. Moreover, hardware-related jobs can also cause noise, for example,
21 NMI or in the hardware itself. At the end of the period, hwlatd enables
32 source of interferences, increasing a per-cpu interference counter. The
38 hardware-related noise. In this way, osnoise can account for any
39 source of interference. At the end of the period, the osnoise tracer
44 -----
59 # _-----=> irqs-off
60 # / _----=> need-resched
61 # | / _---=> hardirq/softirq
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| /Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/qcom/ |
| D | qcom,rpm-master-stats.yaml | 1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/soc/qcom/qcom,rpm-master-stats.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Konrad Dybcio <konradybcio@kernel.org>
16 (particularly around entering hardware-driven low power modes: XO shutdown
17 and total system-wide power collapse) are first made at Master-level, and
21 our device has entered the desired low-power mode, how long it took to do so,
26 This scheme has been used on various SoCs in the 2013-2023 era, with some
27 newer or higher-end designs providing this information through an SMEM query.
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| /Documentation/arch/arm64/ |
| D | memory.rst | 12 with the 4KB page configuration, allowing 39-bit (512GB) or 48-bit
14 64KB pages, only 2 levels of translation tables, allowing 42-bit (4TB)
23 contains only user (non-global) mappings. The swapper_pg_dir address is
27 AArch64 Linux memory layout with 4KB pages + 4 levels (48-bit)::
29 Start End Size Use
30 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
44 AArch64 Linux memory layout with 64KB pages + 3 levels (52-bit with HW support)::
46 Start End Size Use
47 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
63 +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
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| /Documentation/tools/rtla/ |
| D | rtla-hwnoise.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 rtla-hwnoise
6 ------------------------------------------
7 Detect and quantify hardware-related noise
8 ------------------------------------------
22 of threads as a consequence, only non-maskable interrupts and hardware-related
38 In the example below, the **rtla hwnoise** tool is set to run on CPUs *1-7*
39 on a system with 8 cores/16 threads with hyper-threading enabled.
41 The tool is set to detect any noise higher than *one microsecond*,
43 end of the session::
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| /Documentation/devicetree/bindings/nvmem/layouts/ |
| D | u-boot,env.yaml | 1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/nvmem/layouts/u-boot,env.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: U-Boot environment variables layout
10 U-Boot uses environment variables to store device parameters and
11 configuration. They may be used for booting process, setup or keeping end user
14 Data is stored using U-Boot specific formats (variant specific header and NUL
15 separated key-value pairs).
27 - Rafał Miłecki <rafal@milecki.pl>
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| /Documentation/mm/ |
| D | zsmalloc.rst | 7 never attempts higher order page allocation which is very likely to
9 (0-order) pages, it would suffer from very high fragmentation --
13 To overcome these issues, zsmalloc allocates a bunch of 0-order pages
15 pages act as a single higher-order page i.e. an object can span 0-order
21 worst case, page is incompressible and is thus stored "as-is" i.e. in
29 issues on 32-bit systems where the VA region for kernel space mappings
85 the number of 0-order pages to make a zspage
99 Each zspage can contain up to ZSMALLOC_CHAIN_SIZE physical (0-order) pages.
116 Size classes #95-99 are merged with size class #100. This means that when we
117 need to store an object of size, say, 1568 bytes, we end up using size class
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| D | page_tables.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
10 feature of all Unix-like systems as time went by. In 1985 the feature was
34 As you can see, with 4KB pages the page base address uses bits 12-31 of the
42 this single table were referred to as *PTE*:s - page table entries.
53 to mark large areas as unmapped at a higher level in the page table hierarchy.
55 Additionally, on modern CPUs, a higher level page table entry can point directly
57 megabytes or even gigabytes in a single high-level page table entry, taking
63 +-----+
65 +-----+
67 | +-----+
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| D | multigen_lru.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 Multi-Gen LRU
6 The multi-gen LRU is an alternative LRU implementation that optimizes
14 ----------
20 * Simple self-correcting heuristics
23 implementations. In the multi-gen LRU, each generation represents a
25 (time-based) common frame of reference and therefore help make better
41 choices; thus self-correction is necessary.
43 The benefits of simple self-correcting heuristics are self-evident.
51 -----------
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| /Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/ |
| D | lru_sort.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 DAMON-based LRU-lists Sorting
7 DAMON-based LRU-lists Sorting (DAMON_LRU_SORT) is a static kernel module that
9 (de)prioritization of pages on their LRU-lists for making LRU-lists a more
12 Where Proactive LRU-lists Sorting is Required?
15 As page-granularity access checking overhead could be significant on huge
23 Because DAMON can identify access patterns of best-effort accuracy while
24 inducing only user-specified range of overhead, proactively running
32 rates that higher than a user-specified threshold) and cold pages (pages of
34 user-specified threshold) using DAMON, and prioritizes hot pages while
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| D | reclaim.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 DAMON-based Reclamation
7 DAMON-based Reclamation (DAMON_RECLAIM) is a static kernel module that aimed to
9 It doesn't aim to replace the LRU-list based page_granularity reclamation, but
15 On general memory over-committed systems, proactively reclaiming cold pages
20 Free Pages Reporting [3]_ based memory over-commit virtualization systems are
24 guests could be not so memory-frugal, mainly because some kernel subsystems and
25 user-space applications are designed to use as much memory as available. Then,
54 -------
60 no real monitoring and reclamation due to the watermarks-based activation
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| /Documentation/block/ |
| D | bfq-iosched.rst | 5 BFQ is a proportional-share I/O scheduler, with some extra
6 low-latency capabilities. In addition to cgroups support (blkio or io
9 - BFQ guarantees a high system and application responsiveness, and a
10 low latency for time-sensitive applications, such as audio or video
12 - BFQ distributes bandwidth, not just time, among processes or
19 goal, for a given device, is to achieve the maximum-possible
20 throughput at all times, then do switch off all low-latency heuristics
25 As every I/O scheduler, BFQ adds some overhead to per-I/O-request
27 single-lock-protected, per-request processing time of BFQ---i.e., the
29 completion hooks---is, e.g., 1.9 us on an Intel Core i7-2760QM@2.40GHz
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| /Documentation/driver-api/thermal/ |
| D | cpu-idle-cooling.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
8 ----------
26 budget lower than the requested one and under-utilize the CPU, thus
27 losing performance. In other words, one OPP under-utilizes the CPU
33 ----------
58 ---------------
78 |------- -------
81 <------>
82 idle <---------------------->
85 <----------------------------->
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| /Documentation/devicetree/bindings/input/touchscreen/ |
| D | cypress,cy8ctma340.yaml | 1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
14 - Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
15 - Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
18 - $ref: touchscreen.yaml#
26 - const: cypress,cy8ctma340
27 - const: cypress,cy8ctst341
28 - const: cypress,cyttsp-spi
31 - const: cypress,cyttsp-i2c
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| /Documentation/driver-api/media/ |
| D | mc-core.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 ------------------------
11 on the kernel-side implementation of the media framework.
24 in a System-on-Chip image processing pipeline), DMA channels or physical
32 A link is a point-to-point oriented connection between two pads, either
40 instance, defined in ``include/media/media-device.h``.
42 embedding the :c:type:`media_device` instance in a larger driver-specific
60 instance, defined in ``include/media/media-entity.h``. The structure is usually
61 embedded into a higher-level structure, such as
78 ``include/media/media-entity.h``. Currently, only one type of interface is
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| /Documentation/staging/ |
| D | crc32.rst | 5 A CRC is a long-division remainder. You add the CRC to the message,
11 protocols put the end-of-frame flag after the CRC.
15 - We're working in binary, so the digits are only 0 and 1, and
16 - When dividing polynomials, there are no carries. Rather than add and
21 To produce a 32-bit CRC, the divisor is actually a 33-bit CRC polynomial.
24 familiar with the IEEE 754 floating-point format, it's the same idea.)
28 the best error-detecting properties, this should correspond to the
29 order they're actually sent. For example, standard RS-232 serial is
30 little-endian; the most significant bit (sometimes used for parity)
38 back into range. In binary, this is easy - it has to be either 0 or 1,
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| /Documentation/userspace-api/media/drivers/ |
| D | camera-sensor.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
8 This section describes common practices for how the V4L2 sub-device interface is
14 ----------
23 processing pipeline as one or more sub-devices with different cropping and
36 format set on a source pad at the end of the device's internal pipeline.
41 ----------------------------
68 sub-device. The unit of that control is pixels per second.
70 Register list based drivers need to implement read-only sub-device nodes for the
82 USB video class hardware, as well as many cameras offering a similar higher
89 ----------------------------------
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| /Documentation/locking/ |
| D | rt-mutex-design.rst | 2 RT-mutex implementation design
12 Documentation/locking/rt-mutex.rst. Although this document does explain problems
22 ----------------------------
24 Priority inversion is when a lower priority process executes while a higher
38 meantime, B executes, and since B is of a higher priority than C, it preempts C,
39 but by doing so, it is in fact preempting A which is a higher priority process.
49 A ---+
52 C +----+
54 B +-------->
59 -------------------------
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| /Documentation/networking/ |
| D | phonet.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
9 ------------
19 - USB with the CDC Phonet interface,
20 - infrared,
21 - Bluetooth,
22 - an RS232 serial port (with a dedicated "FBUS" line discipline),
23 - the SSI bus with some TI OMAP processors.
27 --------------
32 uint8_t pn_media; /* Media type (link-layer identifier) */
36 uint16_t pn_length; /* Big-endian message byte length (minus 6) */
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| /Documentation/security/ |
| D | self-protection.rst | 2 Kernel Self-Protection
5 Kernel self-protection is the design and implementation of systems and
13 In the worst-case scenario, we assume an unprivileged local attacker
17 cover the more limited cases as well. A higher bar, and one that should
23 The goals for successful self-protection systems would be that they
24 are effective, on by default, require no opt-in by developers, have no
36 from limiting the exposed APIs available to userspace, making in-kernel
41 --------------------------------
47 Executable code and read-only data must not be writable
61 writable, data is not executable, and read-only data is neither writable
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| /Documentation/arch/x86/ |
| D | orc-unwinder.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
16 They contain out-of-band data which is used by the in-kernel ORC
17 unwinder. Objtool generates the ORC data by first doing compile-time
23 The per-object ORC sections are combined at link time and are sorted and
24 post-processed at boot time. The unwinder uses the resulting data to
33 3.2%, resulting in a broad kernel-wide slowdown. Measurements by Mel
34 Gorman [1]_ have shown a slowdown of 5-10% for some workloads.
46 footprint. That can transform to even higher speedups for workloads
56 that it needs more memory to store the ORC unwind tables: roughly 2-4MB
72 faster than an out-of-tree DWARF unwinder. (Note: That measurement was
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| /Documentation/filesystems/ext4/ |
| D | ifork.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 ------------------------------
22 means of an (up to) three level 1-1 block map. To find the logical block
41 higher than 2^32 blocks.
70 .. list-table::
72 :header-rows: 1
74 * - Offset
75 - Size
76 - Name
77 - Description
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| /Documentation/networking/device_drivers/can/ctu/ |
| D | ctucanfd-driver.rst | 1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
10 ------------------------
19 `Vivado integration <https://gitlab.fel.cvut.cz/canbus/zynq/zynq-can-sja1000-top>`_
20 and Intel Cyclone V 5CSEMA4U23C6 based DE0-Nano-SoC Terasic board
21 `QSys integration <https://gitlab.fel.cvut.cz/canbus/intel-soc-ctucanfd>`_
23 `PCIe integration <https://gitlab.fel.cvut.cz/canbus/pcie-ctucanfd>`_ of the core.
33 version of emulation support can be cloned from ctu-canfd branch of QEMU local
34 development `repository <https://gitlab.fel.cvut.cz/canbus/qemu-canbus>`_.
38 ---------------
45 natural way to implement and work with higher layer protocols over CAN,
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