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/Documentation/admin-guide/pm/
Dsleep-states.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
13 Sleep states are global low-power states of the entire system in which user
22 the Linux kernel can support up to four system sleep states, including
23 hibernation and up to three variants of system suspend. The sleep states that
28 Suspend-to-Idle
29 ---------------
31 This is a generic, pure software, light-weight variant of system suspend (also
32 referred to as S2I or S2Idle). It allows more energy to be saved relative to
34 I/O devices into low-power states (possibly lower-power than available in the
38 The system is woken up from this state by in-band interrupts, so theoretically
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Dsuspend-flows.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 System Suspend Code Flows
12 At least one global system-wide transition needs to be carried out for the
13 system to get from the working state into one of the supported
14 :doc:`sleep states <sleep-states>`. Hibernation requires more than one
15 transition to occur for this purpose, but the other sleep states, commonly
16 referred to as *system-wide suspend* (or simply *system suspend*) states, need
20 the target sleep state is referred to as *system suspend* too (in the majority
23 working state is referred to as *system resume*.
25 The kernel code flows associated with the suspend and resume transitions for
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/Documentation/power/
Dswsusp.rst2 Swap suspend
11 If you touch anything on disk between suspend and resume...
20 problems. If your disk driver does not support suspend... (IDE does),
22 between suspend and resume, it may do something wrong. If you change
26 ( ) suspend/resume support is needed to make it safe.
28 If you have any filesystems on USB devices mounted before software suspend,
35 You need to append resume=/dev/your_swap_partition to kernel command
43 After preparing then you suspend by::
47 - If you feel ACPI works pretty well on your system, you might try::
51 - If you would like to write hibernation image to swap and then suspend
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Ddrivers-testing.rst2 Testing suspend and resume support in device drivers
10 Unfortunately, to effectively test the support for the system-wide suspend and
11 resume transitions in a driver, it is necessary to suspend and resume a fully
14 (aka suspend to disk or STD) and suspend to RAM (STR), because each of these
18 Of course, for this purpose the test system has to be known to suspend and
20 resolve all suspend/resume-related problems in the test system before you start
21 testing the new driver. Please see Documentation/power/basic-pm-debugging.rst
22 for more information about the debugging of suspend/resume functionality.
27 Once you have resolved the suspend/resume-related problems with your test system
28 without the new driver, you are ready to test it:
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Duserland-swsusp.rst2 Documentation for userland software suspend interface
12 Now, to use the userland interface for software suspend you need special
13 utilities that will read/write the system memory snapshot from/to the
15 <http://suspend.sourceforge.net>. You may want to have a look at them if you
16 are going to develop your own suspend/resume utilities.
25 reading, it is considered to be in the suspend mode. Otherwise it is
26 assumed to be in the resume mode. The device cannot be open for simultaneous
27 reading and writing. It is also impossible to have the device open more than
39 and SNAPSHOT_ATOMIC_RESTORE to succeed
46 last argument of ioctl() should be a pointer to an int variable,
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Dcharger-manager.rst7 Charger Manager provides in-kernel battery charger management that
8 requires temperature monitoring during suspend-to-RAM state
10 wants to look at the aggregated information of the multiple chargers.
12 Charger Manager is a platform_driver with power-supply-class entries.
13 An instance of Charger Manager (a platform-device created with Charger-Manager)
26 own power-supply-class and each power-supply-class can provide
28 aggregates charger-related information from multiple sources and
29 shows combined information as a single power-supply-class.
31 * Support for in suspend-to-RAM polling (with suspend_again callback)
32 While the battery is being charged and the system is in suspend-to-RAM,
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Dsuspend-and-cpuhotplug.rst2 Interaction of Suspend code (S3) with the CPU hotplug infrastructure
5 (C) 2011 - 2014 Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
8 I. Differences between CPU hotplug and Suspend-to-RAM
11 How does the regular CPU hotplug code differ from how the Suspend-to-RAM
14 Well, a picture is worth a thousand words... So ASCII art follows :-)
17 interactions involving the freezer and CPU hotplug and also tries to explain
21 What happens when regular CPU hotplug and Suspend-to-RAM race with each other
24 On a high level, the suspend-resume cycle goes like this::
26 |Freeze| -> |Disable nonboot| -> |Do suspend| -> |Enable nonboot| -> |Thaw |
32 Suspend call path
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Dbasic-pm-debugging.rst2 Debugging hibernation and suspend
7 1. Testing hibernation (aka suspend to disk or STD)
10 To check if hibernation works, you can try to hibernate in the "reboot" mode::
15 and the system should create a hibernation image, reboot, resume and get back to
17 hibernation is most likely to work correctly. Still, you need to repeat the
21 modes causes the PM core to skip some platform-related callbacks which on ACPI
22 systems might be necessary to make hibernation work. Thus, if your machine
23 fails to hibernate or resume in the "reboot" mode, you should try the
38 (it is similar to the "reboot" mode, but it requires you to press the power
39 button to make the system resume).
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Dfreezing-of-tasks.rst11 kernel threads are controlled during hibernation or system-wide suspend (on some
17 There is one per-task flag (PF_NOFREEZE) and three per-task states
23 to system-wide suspend too).
26 freeze_processes() (defined in kernel/power/process.c) is called. A system-wide
27 static key freezer_active (as opposed to a per-task flag or state) is used to
28 indicate whether the system is to undergo a freezing operation. And
30 try_to_freeze_tasks() that sends a fake signal to all user space processes, and
31 wakes up all the kernel threads. All freezable tasks must react to that by
32 calling try_to_freeze(), which results in a call to __refrigerator() (defined
33 in kernel/freezer.c), which changes the task's state to TASK_FROZEN, and makes
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Druntime_pm.rst5 (C) 2009-2011 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>, Novell Inc.
18 put their PM-related work items. It is strongly recommended that pm_wq be
19 used for queuing all work items related to runtime PM, because this allows
20 them to be synchronized with system-wide power transitions (suspend to RAM,
34 device drivers are encouraged to use these functions.
53 The ->runtime_suspend(), ->runtime_resume() and ->runtime_idle() callbacks
57 1. PM domain of the device, if the device's PM domain object, dev->pm_domain,
60 2. Device type of the device, if both dev->type and dev->type->pm are present.
62 3. Device class of the device, if both dev->class and dev->class->pm are
65 4. Bus type of the device, if both dev->bus and dev->bus->pm are present.
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/loongson/
Dloongson,ls2k-pmc.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0 OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/soc/loongson/loongson,ls2k-pmc.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: Loongson-2 Power Manager controller
10 - Yinbo Zhu <zhuyinbo@loongson.cn>
15 - items:
16 - const: loongson,ls2k0500-pmc
17 - const: syscon
18 - items:
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/regulator/
Drichtek,rtq2208.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Alina Yu <alina_yu@richtek.com>
14 multi-configurable synchronous buck converters and two LDOs.
16 Bucks support "regulator-allowed-modes" and "regulator-mode". The former defines the permitted
17 switching operation in normal mode; the latter defines the operation in suspend to RAM mode.
19 No matter the RTQ2208 is configured to normal or suspend to RAM mode, there are two switching
25 0 - Auto mode for power saving, which reducing the switching frequency at light load condition
26 to maintain high frequency.
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Dmicrochip,mcp16502.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
7 title: MCP16502 - High-Performance PMIC
10 - Andrei Simion <andrei.simion@microchip.com>
16 of High-Performance mode (HPM).
22 lpm-gpios:
26 suspend-to-ram, keeping the PMIC into HIBERNATE mode.
31 lvin-supply:
34 pvin1-supply:
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Dregulator.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 ---
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Liam Girdwood <lgirdwood@gmail.com>
11 - Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
14 regulator-name:
18 regulator-min-microvolt:
21 regulator-max-microvolt:
24 regulator-microvolt-offset:
25 description: Offset applied to voltages to compensate for voltage drops
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/firmware/
Dnvidia,tegra210-bpmp.txt3 The Boot and Power Management Processor (BPMP) is a co-processor found
4 in Tegra210 SoC. It is designed to handle the early stages of the boot
5 process as well as to assisting in entering deep low power state
6 (suspend to ram), and also offloading DRAM memory clock scaling on
12 - compatible
15 - "nvidia,tegra210-bpmp"
16 - reg: physical base address and length for HW synchornization primitives
17 1) base address and length to Tegra 'atomics' hardware
18 2) base address and length to Tegra 'semaphore' hardware
19 - interrupts: specifies the interrupt number for receiving messages ("rx")
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/Documentation/ABI/testing/
Dsysfs-class-rc6 The rc/ class sub-directory belongs to the Remote Controller
30 Writing "+proto" will add a protocol to the list of enabled
33 Writing "-proto" will remove a protocol from the list of enabled
50 Use in combination with /sys/class/rc/rcN/filter_mask to set the
56 This value may be reset to 0 if the current protocol is altered.
63 Sets the scancode filter mask of bits to compare.
64 Use in combination with /sys/class/rc/rcN/filter to set the bits
66 value. A value of 0 disables the filter to allow all valid
67 scancodes to be processed.
73 This value may be reset to 0 if the current protocol is altered.
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Dsysfs-devices-power6 allowing the user space to check and modify some power
14 space to check if the device is enabled to wake up the system
15 from sleep states, such as the memory sleep state (suspend to
16 RAM) and hibernation (suspend to disk), and to enable or disable
17 it to do that as desired.
20 used to activate the system from a sleep state. Such devices
24 + "enabled\n" to issue the events;
25 + "disabled\n" not to do so;
29 "disabled" to it.
33 be enabled to wake up the system from sleep states.
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Dsysfs-power6 provide a unified interface to the power management
15 labels, which may be "mem" (suspend), "standby" (power-on
16 suspend), "freeze" (suspend-to-idle) and "disk" (hibernation).
18 Writing one of the above strings to this file causes the system
19 to transition into the corresponding state, if available.
21 See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/sleep-states.rst for more
29 system suspend. Reading from it returns the available modes
32 to suspend the system (by writing "mem" to the /sys/power/state
35 Writing one of the above strings to this file causes the mode
36 represented by it to be used on subsequent attempts to suspend
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/Documentation/userspace-api/media/rc/
Drc-sysfs-nodes.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
9 As defined at ``Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-rc``, those are
18 The ``/sys/class/rc/`` class sub-directory belongs to the Remote
43 Writing "+proto" will add a protocol to the list of enabled protocols.
45 Writing "-proto" will remove a protocol from the list of enabled
63 Use in combination with ``/sys/class/rc/rcN/filter_mask`` to set the
68 This value may be reset to 0 if the current protocol is altered.
76 Sets the scancode filter mask of bits to compare. Use in combination
77 with ``/sys/class/rc/rcN/filter`` to set the bits of the scancode which
79 filter to allow all valid scancodes to be processed.
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/Documentation/driver-api/usb/
Dpersist.rst1 .. _usb-persist:
3 USB device persistence during system suspend
13 According to the USB specification, when a USB bus is suspended the
14 bus must continue to supply suspend current (around 1-5 mA). This
16 detect connect-change events (devices being plugged in or unplugged).
20 required to behave as though the device has been unplugged. It's a
21 conservative approach; in the absence of suspend current the computer
22 has no way to know what has actually happened. Perhaps the same
26 By default, Linux behaves according to the spec. If a USB host
27 controller loses power during a system suspend, then when the system
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/Documentation/admin-guide/device-mapper/
Dwritecache.rst6 doesn't cache reads because reads are supposed to be cached in page cache
7 in normal RAM.
14 1. type of the cache device - "p" or "s"
15 - p - persistent memory
16 - s - SSD
25 offset from the start of cache device in 512-byte sectors
45 applicable only to persistent memory - use the FUA flag
46 when writing data from persistent memory back to the
49 applicable only to persistent memory - don't use the FUA
53 - some underlying devices perform better with fua, some
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/Documentation/fb/
Dgxfb.rst11 * No need to use AMD's VSA code (or other VESA emulation layer) in the
16 * Most important: boot logo :-)
23 How to use it?
36 XF68_FBDev should generally work fine, but it is non-accelerated.
42 You can pass kernel command line options to gxfb with gxfb.<option>.
48 <x>x<y>[-<bpp>][@<refresh>]
49 vram size of video ram (normally auto-detected)
50 vt_switch enable vt switching during suspend/resume. The vt
Dlxfb.rst12 * No need to use AMD's VSA code (or other VESA emulation layer) in the
17 * Most important: boot logo :-)
24 How to use it?
37 XF68_FBDev should generally work fine, but it is non-accelerated.
43 You can pass kernel command line options to lxfb with lxfb.<option>.
49 <x>x<y>[-<bpp>][@<refresh>]
50 vram size of video ram (normally auto-detected)
51 vt_switch enable vt switching during suspend/resume. The vt
/Documentation/admin-guide/
Dkernel-parameters.rst3 The kernel's command-line parameters
12 The kernel parses parameters from the kernel command line up to "``--``";
14 parameter gets passed to init: parameters with '=' go into init's
15 environment, others are passed as command line arguments to init.
16 Everything after "``--``" is passed as an argument to init.
24 Parameters for modules which are built into the kernel need to be
32 log_buf_len=1M print-fatal-signals=1
36 log-buf-len=1M print_fatal_signals=1
38 Double-quotes can be used to protect spaces in values, e.g.::
43 ----------
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/Documentation/driver-api/pm/
Ddevices.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
10 :Copyright: |copy| 2010-2011 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>, Novell Inc.
18 management (PM) code is also driver-specific. Most drivers will do very
22 This writeup gives an overview of how drivers interact with system-wide
24 shared by everything that hooks up to the driver model core. Read it as
25 background for the domain-specific work you'd do with any specific driver.
31 Drivers will use one or both of these models to put devices into low-power
36 Drivers can enter low-power states as part of entering system-wide
37 low-power states like "suspend" (also known as "suspend-to-RAM"), or
39 "suspend-to-disk").
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