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/Documentation/mm/
Dvmalloced-kernel-stacks.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
12 --------
19 ------------
23 it difficult to isolate and root-cause.
25 Virtually mapped kernel stacks with guard pages cause kernel stack
30 support for virtually mapped stacks with guard pages. This feature
40 --------------------
45 - vmalloc space must be large enough to hold many kernel stacks. This
46 may rule out many 32-bit architectures.
47 - Stacks in vmalloc space need to work reliably. For example, if
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/Documentation/arch/arm64/
Dmemory.rst12 with the 4KB page configuration, allowing 39-bit (512GB) or 48-bit
14 64KB pages, only 2 levels of translation tables, allowing 42-bit (4TB)
23 contains only user (non-global) mappings. The swapper_pg_dir address is
27 AArch64 Linux memory layout with 4KB pages + 4 levels (48-bit)::
29 Start End Size Use
30 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
37 fffffbfffe000000 fffffbfffe7fffff 8MB [guard region]
39 fffffbffff800000 fffffbffffffffff 8MB [guard region]
41 fffffe0000000000 ffffffffffffffff 2TB [guard region]
44 AArch64 Linux memory layout with 64KB pages + 3 levels (52-bit with HW support)::
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/Documentation/dev-tools/
Dkfence.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 Kernel Electric-Fence (KFENCE)
7 Kernel Electric-Fence (KFENCE) is a low-overhead sampling-based memory safety
8 error detector. KFENCE detects heap out-of-bounds access, use-after-free, and
9 invalid-free errors.
15 non-production test workloads. One way to quickly achieve a large enough total
19 -----
26 ``kfence.sample_interval`` to non-zero value), configure the kernel with::
46 causes CPU wake-ups when the system is completely idle. This may be undesirable
47 on power-constrained systems. The boot parameter ``kfence.deferrable=1``
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/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/
Dqcom,rmtfs-mem.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/reserved-memory/qcom,rmtfs-mem.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
15 - Bjorn Andersson <bjorn.andersson@linaro.org>
18 - $ref: reserved-memory.yaml
22 const: qcom,rmtfs-mem
24 qcom,client-id:
27 identifier of the client to use this region for buffers
29 qcom,use-guard-pages:
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/Documentation/arch/x86/
Dsgx.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 Software Guard eXtensions (SGX)
10 Software Guard eXtensions (SGX) hardware enables for user space applications
13 * Privileged (ring-0) ENCLS functions orchestrate the construction of the
15 * Unprivileged (ring-3) ENCLU functions allow an application to enter and
37 SGX utilizes an *Enclave Page Cache (EPC)* to store pages that are associated
38 with an enclave. It is contained in a BIOS-reserved region of physical memory.
39 Unlike pages used for regular memory, pages can only be accessed from outside of
49 ------------------
56 Regular EPC pages contain the code and data of an enclave.
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/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/
Dpagemap.rst12 physical frame each virtual page is mapped to. It contains one 64-bit
16 * Bits 0-54 page frame number (PFN) if present
17 * Bits 0-4 swap type if swapped
18 * Bits 5-54 swap offset if swapped
19 * Bit 55 pte is soft-dirty (see
20 Documentation/admin-guide/mm/soft-dirty.rst)
22 * Bit 57 pte is uffd-wp write-protected (since 5.13) (see
23 Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst)
24 * Bit 58 pte is a guard region (since 6.15) (see madvise (2) man page)
25 * Bits 59-60 zero
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/Documentation/arch/arm/
Dmemory.rst11 free for platforms to use, and which are used by generic code.
18 certain regions of VM space for use for new facilities; therefore
22 Start End Use
24 ffff8000 ffffffff copy_user_page / clear_user_page use.
31 Platforms must not use this address range.
39 in proc-xscale.S to flush the whole data
51 ffc00000 ffc7ffff Guard region
53 ff800000 ffbfffff Permanent, fixed read-only mapping of the
59 VMALLOC_START VMALLOC_END-1 vmalloc() / ioremap() space.
68 PAGE_OFFSET high_memory-1 Kernel direct-mapped RAM region.
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/Documentation/virt/hyperv/
Dcoco.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 Hyper-V can create and run Linux guests that are Confidential Computing
9 CoCo VMs on Hyper-V share the generic CoCo VM threat model and security
10 objectives described in Documentation/security/snp-tdx-threat-model.rst. Note
11 that Hyper-V specific code in Linux refers to CoCo VMs as "isolated VMs" or
14 A Linux CoCo VM on Hyper-V requires the cooperation and interaction of the
19 * The hardware runs a version of Windows/Hyper-V with support for CoCo VMs
25 * AMD processor with SEV-SNP. Hyper-V does not run guest VMs with AMD SME,
26 SEV, or SEV-ES encryption, and such encryption is not sufficient for a CoCo
27 VM on Hyper-V.
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/Documentation/driver-api/
Dvfio.rst2 VFIO - "Virtual Function I/O" [1]_
7 allotted. This includes x86 hardware with AMD-Vi and Intel VT-d,
12 safe [2]_, non-privileged, userspace drivers.
14 Why do we want that? Virtual machines often make use of direct device
18 significantly reduced latency, higher bandwidth, and direct use of
19 bare-metal device drivers [3]_.
22 field, also benefit from low-overhead, direct device access from
23 userspace. Examples include network adapters (often non-TCP/IP based)
26 driver, be maintained out of tree, or make use of the UIO framework,
36 ---------------------------
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/Documentation/admin-guide/media/
Dvivid.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
13 Each input can be a webcam, TV capture device, S-Video capture device or an HDMI
14 capture device. Each output can be an S-Video output device or an HDMI output
18 allows you to use this driver as a test input for application development, since
23 - Support for read()/write(), MMAP, USERPTR and DMABUF streaming I/O.
24 - A large list of test patterns and variations thereof
25 - Working brightness, contrast, saturation and hue controls
26 - Support for the alpha color component
27 - Full colorspace support, including limited/full RGB range
28 - All possible control types are present
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/Documentation/admin-guide/
Dkernel-parameters.txt16 force -- enable ACPI if default was off
17 on -- enable ACPI but allow fallback to DT [arm64,riscv64]
18 off -- disable ACPI if default was on
19 noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
20 strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
22 rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT
23 copy_dsdt -- copy DSDT to memory
24 nospcr -- disable console in ACPI SPCR table as
35 2: use 2nd APIC table, if available
36 1,0: use 1st APIC table
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/Documentation/virt/kvm/
Dapi.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 The Definitive KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) API Documentation
13 - System ioctls: These query and set global attributes which affect the
17 - VM ioctls: These query and set attributes that affect an entire virtual
24 - vcpu ioctls: These query and set attributes that control the operation
32 - device ioctls: These query and set attributes that control the operation
80 facility that allows backward-compatible extensions to the API to be
86 set of ioctls is available for application use.
104 the ioctl returns -ENOTTY.
122 -----------------------
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/Documentation/filesystems/xfs/
Dxfs-online-fsck-design.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
8 Heading 3 uses "----"
25 - To help kernel distributors understand exactly what the XFS online fsck
28 - To help people reading the code to familiarize themselves with the relevant
31 - To help developers maintaining the system by capturing the reasons
59 - Provide a hierarchy of names through which application programs can associate
62 - Virtualize physical storage media across those names, and
64 - Retrieve the named data blobs at any time.
66 - Examine resource usage.
79 cross-references different types of metadata records with each other to look
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