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...message])</code></a></li> 152<li><a href="#console_console_clear"><code>console.clear()</code></a></li> 153<li><a href="#console_console_count_label"><code>console.count([label])</code></a></li> 154<li><a href="#console_console_countreset_label"><code>console.countReset([label])</code></a></li> 155<li><a href="#console_console_debug_data_args"><code>console.debug(data[, ...args])</code></a></li> 156<li><a href="#console_console_dir_obj_options"><code>console.dir(obj[, options])</code></a></li> 157<li><a href="#console_console_dirxml_data"><code>console.dirxml(...data)</code></a></li> 158<li><a href="#console_console_error_data_args"><code>console.error([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 159<li><a href="#console_console_group_label"><code>console.group([...label])</code></a></li> 160<li><a href="#console_console_groupcollapsed"><code>console.groupCollapsed()</code></a></li> 161<li><a href="#console_console_groupend"><code>console.groupEnd()</code></a></li> 162<li><a href="#console_console_info_data_args"><code>console.info([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 163<li><a href="#console_console_log_data_args"><code>console.log([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 164<li><a href="#console_console_table_tabulardata_properties"><code>console.table(tabularData[, properties])</code></a></li> 165<li><a href="#console_console_time_label"><code>console.time([label])</code></a></li> 166<li><a href="#console_console_timeend_label"><code>console.timeEnd([label])</code></a></li> 167<li><a href="#console_console_timelog_label_data"><code>console.timeLog([label][, ...data])</code></a></li> 168<li><a href="#console_console_trace_message_args"><code>console.trace([message][, ...args])</code></a></li> 169<li><a href="#console_console_warn_data_args"><code>console.warn([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 170</ul> 171</li> 172<li><a href="#console_inspector_only_methods">Inspector only methods</a> 173<ul> 174<li><a href="#console_console_profile_label"><code>console.profile([label])</code></a></li> 175<li><a href="#console_console_profileend_label"><code>console.profileEnd([label])</code></a></li> 176<li><a href="#console_console_timestamp_label"><code>console.timeStamp([label])</code></a></li> 177</ul> 178</li> 179</ul> 180</li> 181</ul></details> 182 183 <div id="apicontent"> 184 <h2>Console<span><a class="mark" href="#console_console" id="console_console">#</a></span></h2> 185 186<p></p><div class="api_stability api_stability_2"><a href="documentation.html#documentation_stability_index">Stability: 2</a> - Stable</div><p></p> 187<p><strong>Source Code:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v14.20.1/lib/console.js">lib/console.js</a></p> 188<p>The <code>console</code> module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the 189JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.</p> 190<p>The module exports two specific components:</p> 191<ul> 192<li>A <code>Console</code> class with methods such as <code>console.log()</code>, <code>console.error()</code> and 193<code>console.warn()</code> that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.</li> 194<li>A global <code>console</code> instance configured to write to <a href="process.html#process_process_stdout"><code>process.stdout</code></a> and 195<a href="process.html#process_process_stderr"><code>process.stderr</code></a>. The global <code>console</code> can be used without calling 196<code>require('console')</code>.</li> 197</ul> 198<p><em><strong>Warning</strong></em>: The global console object's methods are neither consistently 199synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently 200asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the <a href="process.html#process_a_note_on_process_i_o">note on process I/O</a> for 201more information.</p> 202<p>Example using the global <code>console</code>:</p> 203<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world'</span>); 204<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to stdout</span> 205<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello %s'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'world'</span>); 206<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to stdout</span> 207<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Whoops, something bad happened'</span>)); 208<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:</span> 209<span class="hljs-comment">// Error: Whoops, something bad happened</span> 210<span class="hljs-comment">// at [eval]:5:15</span> 211<span class="hljs-comment">// at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)</span> 212<span class="hljs-comment">// at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)</span> 213<span class="hljs-comment">// at node:internal/process/execution:77:19</span> 214<span class="hljs-comment">// at [eval]-wrapper:6:22</span> 215<span class="hljs-comment">// at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)</span> 216<span class="hljs-comment">// at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3</span> 217 218<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> name = <span class="hljs-string">'Will Robinson'</span>; 219<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">warn</span>(<span class="hljs-string">`Danger <span class="hljs-subst">${name}</span>! Danger!`</span>); 220<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr</span></code></pre> 221<p>Example using the <code>Console</code> class:</p> 222<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> out = <span class="hljs-title function_">getStreamSomehow</span>(); 223<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> err = <span class="hljs-title function_">getStreamSomehow</span>(); 224<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> myConsole = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span>(out, err); 225 226myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world'</span>); 227<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to out</span> 228myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello %s'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'world'</span>); 229<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to out</span> 230myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Whoops, something bad happened'</span>)); 231<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err</span> 232 233<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> name = <span class="hljs-string">'Will Robinson'</span>; 234myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">warn</span>(<span class="hljs-string">`Danger <span class="hljs-subst">${name}</span>! Danger!`</span>); 235<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err</span></code></pre> 236<section><h3>Class: <code>Console</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_class_console" id="console_class_console">#</a></span></h3> 237<div class="api_metadata"> 238<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 239<table> 240<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 241<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 242<td><p>Errors that occur while writing to the underlying streams will now be ignored by default.</p></td></tr> 243</tbody></table> 244</details> 245</div> 246 247<p>The <code>Console</code> class can be used to create a simple logger with configurable 248output streams and can be accessed using either <code>require('console').Console</code> 249or <code>console.Console</code> (or their destructured counterparts):</p> 250<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span> } = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'console'</span>);</code></pre> 251<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span> } = <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>;</code></pre> 252<h4><code>new Console(stdout[, stderr][, ignoreErrors])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_new_console_stdout_stderr_ignoreerrors" id="console_new_console_stdout_stderr_ignoreerrors">#</a></span></h4> 253<h4><code>new Console(options)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_new_console_options" id="console_new_console_options">#</a></span></h4> 254<div class="api_metadata"> 255<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 256<table> 257<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 258<tr><td>v14.2.0</td> 259<td><p>The <code>groupIndentation</code> option was introduced.</p></td></tr> 260<tr><td>v11.7.0</td> 261<td><p>The <code>inspectOptions</code> option is introduced.</p></td></tr> 262<tr><td>v10.0.0</td> 263<td><p>The <code>Console</code> constructor now supports an <code>options</code> argument, and the <code>colorMode</code> option was introduced.</p></td></tr> 264<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 265<td><p>The <code>ignoreErrors</code> option was introduced.</p></td></tr> 266</tbody></table> 267</details> 268</div> 269<ul> 270<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> 271<ul> 272<li><code>stdout</code> <a href="stream.html#stream_class_stream_writable" class="type"><stream.Writable></a></li> 273<li><code>stderr</code> <a href="stream.html#stream_class_stream_writable" class="type"><stream.Writable></a></li> 274<li><code>ignoreErrors</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> Ignore errors when writing to the underlying 275streams. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>true</code>.</li> 276<li><code>colorMode</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> | <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> Set color support for this <code>Console</code> instance. 277Setting to <code>true</code> enables coloring while inspecting values. Setting to 278<code>false</code> disables coloring while inspecting values. Setting to 279<code>'auto'</code> makes color support depend on the value of the <code>isTTY</code> property 280and the value returned by <code>getColorDepth()</code> on the respective stream. This 281option can not be used, if <code>inspectOptions.colors</code> is set as well. 282<strong>Default:</strong> <code>'auto'</code>.</li> 283<li><code>inspectOptions</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> Specifies options that are passed along to 284<a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a>.</li> 285<li><code>groupIndentation</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> Set group indentation. 286<strong>Default:</strong> <code>2</code>.</li> 287</ul> 288</li> 289</ul> 290<p>Creates a new <code>Console</code> with one or two writable stream instances. <code>stdout</code> is a 291writable stream to print log or info output. <code>stderr</code> is used for warning or 292error output. If <code>stderr</code> is not provided, <code>stdout</code> is used for <code>stderr</code>.</p> 293<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> output = fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">createWriteStream</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'./stdout.log'</span>); 294<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> errorOutput = fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">createWriteStream</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'./stderr.log'</span>); 295<span class="hljs-comment">// Custom simple logger</span> 296<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> logger = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span>({ <span class="hljs-attr">stdout</span>: output, <span class="hljs-attr">stderr</span>: errorOutput }); 297<span class="hljs-comment">// use it like console</span> 298<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> count = <span class="hljs-number">5</span>; 299logger.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'count: %d'</span>, count); 300<span class="hljs-comment">// In stdout.log: count 5</span></code></pre> 301<p>The global <code>console</code> is a special <code>Console</code> whose output is sent to 302<a href="process.html#process_process_stdout"><code>process.stdout</code></a> and <a href="process.html#process_process_stderr"><code>process.stderr</code></a>. It is equivalent to calling:</p> 303<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span>({ <span class="hljs-attr">stdout</span>: process.<span class="hljs-property">stdout</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">stderr</span>: process.<span class="hljs-property">stderr</span> });</code></pre> 304<h4><code>console.assert(value[, ...message])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_assert_value_message" id="console_console_assert_value_message">#</a></span></h4> 305<div class="api_metadata"> 306<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 307<table> 308<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 309<tr><td>v10.0.0</td> 310<td><p>The implementation is now spec compliant and does not throw anymore.</p></td></tr> 311<tr><td>v0.1.101</td> 312<td><p><span>Added in: v0.1.101</span></p></td></tr> 313</tbody></table> 314</details> 315</div> 316<ul> 317<li><code>value</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a> The value tested for being truthy.</li> 318<li><code>...message</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a> All arguments besides <code>value</code> are used as error message.</li> 319</ul> 320<p><code>console.assert()</code> writes a message if <code>value</code> is <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Falsy">falsy</a> or omitted. It only 321writes a message and does not otherwise affect execution. The output always 322starts with <code>"Assertion failed"</code>. If provided, <code>message</code> is formatted using 323<a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a>.</p> 324<p>If <code>value</code> is <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Truthy">truthy</a>, nothing happens.</p> 325<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">assert</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">true</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'does nothing'</span>); 326 327<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">assert</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">false</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'Whoops %s work'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'didn\'t'</span>); 328<span class="hljs-comment">// Assertion failed: Whoops didn't work</span> 329 330<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">assert</span>(); 331<span class="hljs-comment">// Assertion failed</span></code></pre> 332<h4><code>console.clear()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_clear" id="console_console_clear">#</a></span></h4> 333<div class="api_metadata"> 334<span>Added in: v8.3.0</span> 335</div> 336<p>When <code>stdout</code> is a TTY, calling <code>console.clear()</code> will attempt to clear the 337TTY. When <code>stdout</code> is not a TTY, this method does nothing.</p> 338<p>The specific operation of <code>console.clear()</code> can vary across operating systems 339and terminal types. For most Linux operating systems, <code>console.clear()</code> 340operates similarly to the <code>clear</code> shell command. On Windows, <code>console.clear()</code> 341will clear only the output in the current terminal viewport for the Node.js 342binary.</p> 343<h4><code>console.count([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_count_label" id="console_console_count_label">#</a></span></h4> 344<div class="api_metadata"> 345<span>Added in: v8.3.0</span> 346</div> 347<ul> 348<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> The display label for the counter. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code>.</li> 349</ul> 350<p>Maintains an internal counter specific to <code>label</code> and outputs to <code>stdout</code> the 351number of times <code>console.count()</code> has been called with the given <code>label</code>.</p> 352<!-- eslint-skip --> 353<pre><code class="language-js">> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>() 354<span class="hljs-attr">default</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 355<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 356> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'default'</span>) 357<span class="hljs-attr">default</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> 358<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 359> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>) 360<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 361<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 362> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'xyz'</span>) 363<span class="hljs-attr">xyz</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 364<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 365> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>) 366<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> 367<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 368> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>() 369<span class="hljs-attr">default</span>: <span class="hljs-number">3</span> 370<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 371></code></pre> 372<h4><code>console.countReset([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_countreset_label" id="console_console_countreset_label">#</a></span></h4> 373<div class="api_metadata"> 374<span>Added in: v8.3.0</span> 375</div> 376<ul> 377<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> The display label for the counter. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code>.</li> 378</ul> 379<p>Resets the internal counter specific to <code>label</code>.</p> 380<!-- eslint-skip --> 381<pre><code class="language-js">> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>); 382<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 383<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 384> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">countReset</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>); 385<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 386> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>); 387<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 388<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 389></code></pre> 390<h4><code>console.debug(data[, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_debug_data_args" id="console_console_debug_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 391<div class="api_metadata"> 392<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 393<table> 394<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 395<tr><td>v8.10.0</td> 396<td><p><code>console.debug</code> is now an alias for <code>console.log</code>.</p></td></tr> 397<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 398<td><p><span>Added in: v8.0.0</span></p></td></tr> 399</tbody></table> 400</details> 401</div> 402<ul> 403<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 404<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 405</ul> 406<p>The <code>console.debug()</code> function is an alias for <a href="#console_console_log_data_args"><code>console.log()</code></a>.</p> 407<h4><code>console.dir(obj[, options])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_dir_obj_options" id="console_console_dir_obj_options">#</a></span></h4> 408<div class="api_metadata"> 409<span>Added in: v0.1.101</span> 410</div> 411<ul> 412<li><code>obj</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 413<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> 414<ul> 415<li><code>showHidden</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> If <code>true</code> then the object's non-enumerable and symbol 416properties will be shown too. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>false</code>.</li> 417<li><code>depth</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> Tells <a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a> how many times to recurse while 418formatting the object. This is useful for inspecting large complicated 419objects. To make it recurse indefinitely, pass <code>null</code>. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>2</code>.</li> 420<li><code>colors</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> If <code>true</code>, then the output will be styled with ANSI color 421codes. Colors are customizable; 422see <a href="util.html#util_customizing_util_inspect_colors">customizing <code>util.inspect()</code> colors</a>. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>false</code>.</li> 423</ul> 424</li> 425</ul> 426<p>Uses <a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a> on <code>obj</code> and prints the resulting string to <code>stdout</code>. 427This function bypasses any custom <code>inspect()</code> function defined on <code>obj</code>.</p> 428<h4><code>console.dirxml(...data)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_dirxml_data" id="console_console_dirxml_data">#</a></span></h4> 429<div class="api_metadata"> 430<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 431<table> 432<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 433<tr><td>v9.3.0</td> 434<td><p><code>console.dirxml</code> now calls <code>console.log</code> for its arguments.</p></td></tr> 435<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 436<td><p><span>Added in: v8.0.0</span></p></td></tr> 437</tbody></table> 438</details> 439</div> 440<ul> 441<li><code>...data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 442</ul> 443<p>This method calls <code>console.log()</code> passing it the arguments received. 444This method does not produce any XML formatting.</p> 445<h4><code>console.error([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_error_data_args" id="console_console_error_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 446<div class="api_metadata"> 447<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 448</div> 449<ul> 450<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 451<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 452</ul> 453<p>Prints to <code>stderr</code> with newline. Multiple arguments can be passed, with the 454first used as the primary message and all additional used as substitution 455values similar to <a href="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/printf.3.html"><code>printf(3)</code></a> (the arguments are all passed to 456<a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a>).</p> 457<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> code = <span class="hljs-number">5</span>; 458<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error #%d'</span>, code); 459<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: error #5, to stderr</span> 460<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, code); 461<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: error 5, to stderr</span></code></pre> 462<p>If formatting elements (e.g. <code>%d</code>) are not found in the first string then 463<a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a> is called on each argument and the resulting string 464values are concatenated. See <a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a> for more information.</p> 465<h4><code>console.group([...label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_group_label" id="console_console_group_label">#</a></span></h4> 466<div class="api_metadata"> 467<span>Added in: v8.5.0</span> 468</div> 469<ul> 470<li><code>...label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 471</ul> 472<p>Increases indentation of subsequent lines by spaces for <code>groupIndentation</code> 473length.</p> 474<p>If one or more <code>label</code>s are provided, those are printed first without the 475additional indentation.</p> 476<h4><code>console.groupCollapsed()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_groupcollapsed" id="console_console_groupcollapsed">#</a></span></h4> 477<div class="api_metadata"> 478<span>Added in: v8.5.0</span> 479</div> 480<p>An alias for <a href="#console_console_group_label"><code>console.group()</code></a>.</p> 481<h4><code>console.groupEnd()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_groupend" id="console_console_groupend">#</a></span></h4> 482<div class="api_metadata"> 483<span>Added in: v8.5.0</span> 484</div> 485<p>Decreases indentation of subsequent lines by spaces for <code>groupIndentation</code> 486length.</p> 487<h4><code>console.info([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_info_data_args" id="console_console_info_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 488<div class="api_metadata"> 489<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 490</div> 491<ul> 492<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 493<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 494</ul> 495<p>The <code>console.info()</code> function is an alias for <a href="#console_console_log_data_args"><code>console.log()</code></a>.</p> 496<h4><code>console.log([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_log_data_args" id="console_console_log_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 497<div class="api_metadata"> 498<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 499</div> 500<ul> 501<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 502<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 503</ul> 504<p>Prints to <code>stdout</code> with newline. Multiple arguments can be passed, with the 505first used as the primary message and all additional used as substitution 506values similar to <a href="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/printf.3.html"><code>printf(3)</code></a> (the arguments are all passed to 507<a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a>).</p> 508<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> count = <span class="hljs-number">5</span>; 509<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'count: %d'</span>, count); 510<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: count: 5, to stdout</span> 511<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'count:'</span>, count); 512<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: count: 5, to stdout</span></code></pre> 513<p>See <a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a> for more information.</p> 514<h4><code>console.table(tabularData[, properties])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_table_tabulardata_properties" id="console_console_table_tabulardata_properties">#</a></span></h4> 515<div class="api_metadata"> 516<span>Added in: v10.0.0</span> 517</div> 518<ul> 519<li><code>tabularData</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 520<li><code>properties</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string[]></a> Alternate properties for constructing the table.</li> 521</ul> 522<p>Try to construct a table with the columns of the properties of <code>tabularData</code> 523(or use <code>properties</code>) and rows of <code>tabularData</code> and log it. Falls back to just 524logging the argument if it can’t be parsed as tabular.</p> 525<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-comment">// These can't be parsed as tabular data</span> 526<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>(<span class="hljs-title class_">Symbol</span>()); 527<span class="hljs-comment">// Symbol()</span> 528 529<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span>); 530<span class="hljs-comment">// undefined</span> 531 532<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>([{ <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Y'</span> }, { <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Z'</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> }]); 533<span class="hljs-comment">// ┌─────────┬─────┬─────┐</span> 534<span class="hljs-comment">// │ (index) │ a │ b │</span> 535<span class="hljs-comment">// ├─────────┼─────┼─────┤</span> 536<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 0 │ 1 │ 'Y' │</span> 537<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 1 │ 'Z' │ 2 │</span> 538<span class="hljs-comment">// └─────────┴─────┴─────┘</span> 539 540<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>([{ <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Y'</span> }, { <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Z'</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> }], [<span class="hljs-string">'a'</span>]); 541<span class="hljs-comment">// ┌─────────┬─────┐</span> 542<span class="hljs-comment">// │ (index) │ a │</span> 543<span class="hljs-comment">// ├─────────┼─────┤</span> 544<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 0 │ 1 │</span> 545<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 1 │ 'Z' │</span> 546<span class="hljs-comment">// └─────────┴─────┘</span></code></pre> 547<h4><code>console.time([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_time_label" id="console_console_time_label">#</a></span></h4> 548<div class="api_metadata"> 549<span>Added in: v0.1.104</span> 550</div> 551<ul> 552<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code></li> 553</ul> 554<p>Starts a timer that can be used to compute the duration of an operation. Timers 555are identified by a unique <code>label</code>. Use the same <code>label</code> when calling 556<a href="#console_console_timeend_label"><code>console.timeEnd()</code></a> to stop the timer and output the elapsed time in 557suitable time units to <code>stdout</code>. For example, if the elapsed 558time is 3869ms, <code>console.timeEnd()</code> displays "3.869s".</p> 559<h4><code>console.timeEnd([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_timeend_label" id="console_console_timeend_label">#</a></span></h4> 560<div class="api_metadata"> 561<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 562<table> 563<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 564<tr><td>v13.0.0</td> 565<td><p>The elapsed time is displayed with a suitable time unit.</p></td></tr> 566<tr><td>v6.0.0</td> 567<td><p>This method no longer supports multiple calls that don’t map to individual <code>console.time()</code> calls; see below for details.</p></td></tr> 568<tr><td>v0.1.104</td> 569<td><p><span>Added in: v0.1.104</span></p></td></tr> 570</tbody></table> 571</details> 572</div> 573<ul> 574<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code></li> 575</ul> 576<p>Stops a timer that was previously started by calling <a href="#console_console_time_label"><code>console.time()</code></a> and 577prints the result to <code>stdout</code>:</p> 578<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">time</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'100-elements'</span>); 579<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> i = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i < <span class="hljs-number">100</span>; i++) {} 580<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">timeEnd</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'100-elements'</span>); 581<span class="hljs-comment">// prints 100-elements: 225.438ms</span></code></pre> 582<h4><code>console.timeLog([label][, ...data])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_timelog_label_data" id="console_console_timelog_label_data">#</a></span></h4> 583<div class="api_metadata"> 584<span>Added in: v10.7.0</span> 585</div> 586<ul> 587<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code></li> 588<li><code>...data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 589</ul> 590<p>For a timer that was previously started by calling <a href="#console_console_time_label"><code>console.time()</code></a>, prints 591the elapsed time and other <code>data</code> arguments to <code>stdout</code>:</p> 592<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">time</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'process'</span>); 593<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> value = <span class="hljs-title function_">expensiveProcess1</span>(); <span class="hljs-comment">// Returns 42</span> 594<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">timeLog</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'process'</span>, value); 595<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints "process: 365.227ms 42".</span> 596<span class="hljs-title function_">doExpensiveProcess2</span>(value); 597<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">timeEnd</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'process'</span>);</code></pre> 598<h4><code>console.trace([message][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_trace_message_args" id="console_console_trace_message_args">#</a></span></h4> 599<div class="api_metadata"> 600<span>Added in: v0.1.104</span> 601</div> 602<ul> 603<li><code>message</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 604<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 605</ul> 606<p>Prints to <code>stderr</code> the string <code>'Trace: '</code>, followed by the <a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a> 607formatted message and stack trace to the current position in the code.</p> 608<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">trace</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Show me'</span>); 609<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: (stack trace will vary based on where trace is called)</span> 610<span class="hljs-comment">// Trace: Show me</span> 611<span class="hljs-comment">// at repl:2:9</span> 612<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.defaultEval (repl.js:248:27)</span> 613<span class="hljs-comment">// at bound (domain.js:287:14)</span> 614<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.runBound [as eval] (domain.js:300:12)</span> 615<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.<anonymous> (repl.js:412:12)</span> 616<span class="hljs-comment">// at emitOne (events.js:82:20)</span> 617<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.emit (events.js:169:7)</span> 618<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.Interface._onLine (readline.js:210:10)</span> 619<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.Interface._line (readline.js:549:8)</span> 620<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.Interface._ttyWrite (readline.js:826:14)</span></code></pre> 621<h4><code>console.warn([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_warn_data_args" id="console_console_warn_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 622<div class="api_metadata"> 623<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 624</div> 625<ul> 626<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 627<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 628</ul> 629<p>The <code>console.warn()</code> function is an alias for <a href="#console_console_error_data_args"><code>console.error()</code></a>.</p> 630</section><section><h3>Inspector only methods<span><a class="mark" href="#console_inspector_only_methods" id="console_inspector_only_methods">#</a></span></h3> 631<p>The following methods are exposed by the V8 engine in the general API but do 632not display anything unless used in conjunction with the <a href="debugger.html">inspector</a> 633(<code>--inspect</code> flag).</p> 634<h4><code>console.profile([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_profile_label" id="console_console_profile_label">#</a></span></h4> 635<div class="api_metadata"> 636<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 637</div> 638<ul> 639<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a></li> 640</ul> 641<p>This method does not display anything unless used in the inspector. The 642<code>console.profile()</code> method starts a JavaScript CPU profile with an optional 643label until <a href="#console_console_profileend_label"><code>console.profileEnd()</code></a> is called. The profile is then added to 644the <strong>Profile</strong> panel of the inspector.</p> 645<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">profile</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'MyLabel'</span>); 646<span class="hljs-comment">// Some code</span> 647<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">profileEnd</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'MyLabel'</span>); 648<span class="hljs-comment">// Adds the profile 'MyLabel' to the Profiles panel of the inspector.</span></code></pre> 649<h4><code>console.profileEnd([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_profileend_label" id="console_console_profileend_label">#</a></span></h4> 650<div class="api_metadata"> 651<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 652</div> 653<ul> 654<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a></li> 655</ul> 656<p>This method does not display anything unless used in the inspector. Stops the 657current JavaScript CPU profiling session if one has been started and prints 658the report to the <strong>Profiles</strong> panel of the inspector. See 659<a href="#console_console_profile_label"><code>console.profile()</code></a> for an example.</p> 660<p>If this method is called without a label, the most recently started profile is 661stopped.</p> 662<h4><code>console.timeStamp([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_timestamp_label" id="console_console_timestamp_label">#</a></span></h4> 663<div class="api_metadata"> 664<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 665</div> 666<ul> 667<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a></li> 668</ul> 669<p>This method does not display anything unless used in the inspector. The 670<code>console.timeStamp()</code> method adds an event with the label <code>'label'</code> to the 671<strong>Timeline</strong> panel of the inspector.</p></section> 672 <!-- API END --> 673 </div> 674 </div> 675 </div> 676 <script> 677 'use strict'; 678 { 679 const kCustomPreference = 'customDarkTheme'; 680 const userSettings = sessionStorage.getItem(kCustomPreference); 681 const themeToggleButton = document.getElementById('theme-toggle-btn'); 682 if (userSettings === null && window.matchMedia) { 683 const mq = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)'); 684 if ('onchange' in mq) { 685 function mqChangeListener(e) { 686 document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode', e.matches); 687 } 688 mq.addEventListener('change', mqChangeListener); 689 if (themeToggleButton) { 690 themeToggleButton.addEventListener('click', function() { 691 mq.removeEventListener('change', mqChangeListener); 692 }, { once: true }); 693 } 694 } 695 if (mq.matches) { 696 document.body.classList.add('dark-mode'); 697 } 698 } else if (userSettings === 'true') { 699 document.body.classList.add('dark-mode'); 700 } 701 if (themeToggleButton) { 702 themeToggleButton.hidden = false; 703 themeToggleButton.addEventListener('click', function() { 704 sessionStorage.setItem( 705 kCustomPreference, 706 document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode') 707 ); 708 }); 709 } 710 } 711 </script> 712</body> 713</html> 714