1# ServiceExtensionAbility开发指导 2 3## 场景介绍 4ExtensionAbility,是Stage模型中新增的扩展组件的基类,一般用于处理无界面的任务,生命周期较简单,没有前后台生命周期。ServiceExtensionAbility是ExtensionAbility的扩展类。 5 6开发者可以自定义类继承ServiceExtensionAbility,通过重写基类中相关生命周期方法,来做初始化、连接中、断开连接时相关业务逻辑操作。 7 8## 接口说明 9 10**表1** ServiceExtensionAbility中相关生命周期API功能介绍 11|接口名|描述| 12|:------|:------| 13|onCreate(want: Want): void|首次调用startAbility、connectAbility时触发,开发者可以进行初始化操作。| 14|onRequest(want: Want, startId: number): void|每次调用startAbility都会触发,首次调用时startId为1,重复调用startAbility递增。| 15|onConnect(want: Want): rpc.RemoteObject|调用connectAbility触发,重复调用不会再次触发,除非调用disconnectAbility解除绑定后再调用;onConnect返回一个进程通信类RemoteObject。| 16|onDisconnect(want: Want): void|调用disconnectAbility触发,Extension如果是用connectAbility拉起的,并且已经没有其他应用绑定这个Extension,则会触发onDestroy生命周期销毁组件。| 17|onDestroy(): void|调用停止当前ability接口terminateSelf会触发。| 18 19 20## 约束与限制 21 22OpenHarmony当前不支持三方应用创建ServiceExtensionAbility。 23 24 25## 开发步骤 26 271. 需要在应用配置文件module.json5中进行注册,注册类型type需要设置为service。module.json5配置样例如下所示: 28 29 30 ```json 31 "extensionAbilities":[{ 32 "name": "ServiceExtAbility", 33 "icon": "$media:icon", 34 "description": "service", 35 "type": "service", 36 "exported": true, 37 "srcEnty": "./ets/ServiceExtAbility/ServiceExtAbility.ts" 38 }] 39 ``` 40 41 422. 开发者在定义Service的目录下创建TS文件,自定义类继承ServiceExtensionAbility,重写基类回调函数,接口生成的默认相对路径:entry\src\main\ets\ServiceExtAbility\ServiceExtAbility.ts,示例如下: 43 44 ```js 45 import ServiceExtensionAbility from '@ohos.application.ServiceExtensionAbility' 46 import rpc from '@ohos.rpc' 47 48 class StubTest extends rpc.RemoteObject { 49 constructor(des) { 50 super(des); 51 } 52 onRemoteRequest(code, data, reply, option) { 53 } 54 } 55 56 class ServiceExtAbility extends ServiceExtensionAbility { 57 onCreate(want) { 58 console.log('onCreate, want:' + want.abilityName); 59 } 60 onRequest(want, startId) { 61 console.log('onRequest, want:' + want.abilityName); 62 } 63 onConnect(want) { 64 console.log('onConnect , want:' + want.abilityName); 65 return new StubTest("test"); 66 } 67 onDisconnect(want) { 68 console.log('onDisconnect, want:' + want.abilityName); 69 } 70 onDestroy() { 71 console.log('onDestroy'); 72 } 73 } 74 ```