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1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
1920201027:
20	12.2-RELEASE.
21
2220200915:	p1	FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
23			FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
24			FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
25			FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
26
27        Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
28          [SA-20:27.ure]
29
30        Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
31
32        Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
33
34        Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
35
3620200912:
37	The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
38	enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
39	migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
40
41	On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
42	means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
43	for improved performance.
44
45	For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
46	honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
47
4820200909:
49	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
50	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
51	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
52	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
53
5420200722:
55	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
56	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
57	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
58	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
59
6020200708:
61	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
62	re-enable it for the entire system with the
63	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
64
65	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
66	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
67	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
68	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
69
7020200414:
71	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
72	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
73	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
74	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
75	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
76	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
77
7820200501:
79	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
80	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
81	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
82	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
83
8420200430:
85	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
86	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
87	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
88	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
89	differences between those included in the port and those included in
90	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
91	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
92	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
93
9420200107:
95	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
96	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
97	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
98	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
99
10020191107:
101	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
102	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
103	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
104	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
105	add superio to the set.
106
10720191024:
108	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
109	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
110	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
111	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
112	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
113	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
114
11520190913:
116	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
117	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
118	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
119	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
120
12120190914:
122	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
123	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
124	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
125	your scripts, because they had no effect.
126
127	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
128	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
129	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
130	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
131	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
132
13320190906:
134	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
135	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
136	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
137	"options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
138
13920190811:
140	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
141	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
142	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
143	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
144	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
145	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
146	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
147
14820190723:
149	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
150	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
151	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
152	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
153
15420190413:
155	Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
156	functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
157	again.  The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
158
15920190412:
160	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
161	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
162	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
163	or higher.
164
16520190307:
166	The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
167	with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
168	Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
169
17020190216:
171	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
172	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
173	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
174	or higher.
175
17620190226:
177	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
178	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
179	kernel config.
180
18120190214:
182	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
183	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
184	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
185	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
186	is loaded automatically.
187
18820181228:
189	r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
190	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
191	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
192	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
193	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
194	most NFSv4 mounts.
195
19620181129:
197	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
198	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
199	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
200	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
201
20220181115:
203	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
204	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
205	FreeBSD-13.  A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
206	the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
207	FreeBSD-12 releases.
208
20920181019:
210	The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
211	revision r339432.
212
21320181015:
214	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
215	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
216	drm-legacy-kmod.
217
218	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
219	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
220	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
221	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
222	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
223	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
224	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
225	that as you will get better support.
226
227	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
228	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
229	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
230	and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
231
232	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
233	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
234	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
235	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
236	shortly.
237
23820181012:
239	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
240	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
241	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
242	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
243	be adjusted as necessary.
244
24520181009:
246	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
247	additional various API changes througout the base system.  It is
248	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
249	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
250
25120181006:
252	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
253	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
254	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
255	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
256	encouraged.
257
25820181002:
259	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
260	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
261	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
262	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
263	nda device name.
264
26520180913:
266	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
267	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
268	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
269	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
270	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
271	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
272
27320180826:
274	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
275	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
276	default since FreeBSD-11.
277
27820180822:
279	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
280	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
281	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
282
28320180818:
284	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
285	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
286	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
287	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
288	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
289	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
290	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
291
292	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
293	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
294
29520180815:
296	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
297	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
298	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
299	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
300	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
301	may not be observed in a future release.
302
30320180808:
304	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
305	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
306	your environment.
307
30820180731:
309	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
310	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
311	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
312	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
313
31420180730:
315	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
316	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
317	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
318	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
319	runtime services.
320
32120180727:
322	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
323	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
324	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
325
32620180723:
327	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
328	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
329	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
330	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
331	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
332
33320180720:
334	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
335	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
336	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
337	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
338	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
339	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
340
34120180719:
342	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
343	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
344	setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
345	boot_serial=YES
346	boot_multicons=YES
347	in /boot/loader.conf
348	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
349	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
350	u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
351
35220180719:
353	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
354	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
355	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
356	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
357	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
358	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
359	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
360	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
361	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
362	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
363	by the ntpd user.
364
36520180717:
366	Big endian arm support has been removed.
367
36820180711:
369	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
370	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
371	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
372	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
373	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
374
37520180705:
376	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
377	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
378	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
379	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
380	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
381	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
382
38320180702:
384	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
385	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
386
38720180701:
388	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
389	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
390	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
391	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
392	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
393	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
394	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
395
39620180630:
397	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
398	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
399	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
400	or higher.
401
40220180628:
403	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
404	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
405	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
406
40720180612:
408	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
409	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
410
41120180530:
412	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
413	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
414	longer necessary.
415
41620180530:
417	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
418	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
419	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
420	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
421
42220180523:
423	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
424	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
425	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
426	later than r334108.
427
42820180517:
429	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
430	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
431	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
432	it must be removed.
433
43420180510:
435	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
436	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
437	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
438	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
439	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
440	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
441	will go away.
442
443	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
444	workaround is necessary.
445
44620180508:
447	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
448	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was aquired by Exar and
449	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
450	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
451
45220180504:
453	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
454	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
455	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
456	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
457	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
458
45920180502:
460	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
461	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
462	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
463	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
464
46520180501:
466	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
467	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
468	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
469	be removed.
470
47120180413:
472	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
473	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
474	removed.
475
47620180411:
477	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
478	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
479	removed.
480
48120180406:
482	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
483	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
484	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
485	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
486	microseconds and time zone offsets.
487
488	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
489	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
490	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
491	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
492	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
493	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
494	adjustments, depending on the software used.
495
496	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
497	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
498
499		source src {
500			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
501		}
502
503	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
504	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
505	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
506
507		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
508
509	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
510	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
511	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
512	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
513	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
514	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
515	thus expected to continue to function as before.
516
517	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
518	change.
519
52020180328:
521	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
522	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
523	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
524
52520180323:
526	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
527	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
528	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
529	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
530	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
531	should be as simple as:
532
533		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
534		$ make depend all install
535
53620180212:
537	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
538	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
539	Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
540	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
541	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
542	provisions for backup boot methods.
543
54420180211:
545	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
546	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
547	be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
548
54920180114:
550	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
551	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
552	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
553	or higher.
554
55520180110:
556	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
557	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
558	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
559
560	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
561        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
562
56320180110:
564	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
565	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
566	needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
567	from kernel config files.
568
56920180104:
570	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
571	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
572	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
573
574	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
575	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
576
57720180102:
578	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
579	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
580	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
581	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
582
58320171215:
584	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
585	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
586
58720171214:
588	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
589	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
590	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
591	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
592
59320171125:
594	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
595	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
596	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
597	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
598	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
599	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
600
60120171110:
602	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
603	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
604	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
605
60620171106:
607	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
608	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
609	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
610	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
611	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
612
61320171102:
614	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
615	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
616	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
617	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
618	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
619	environment.
620
62120171101:
622	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
623	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
624	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
625	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
626	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
627	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
628	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
629	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
630	than hardcoding paths.
631
63220171028:
633	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
634	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
635	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
636
63720171021:
638	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
639	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
640	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
641	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
642
64320171010:
644	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
645	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
646
64720171005:
648	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
649	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
650	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
651	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
652
65320171003:
654	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
655	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
656	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
657	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
658	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
659
66020170912:
661	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
662	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
663	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
664	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
665	/etc/ctl.conf .
666
66720170912:
668	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
669	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
670	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
671	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
672	soft-float everything else should be affected.
673
67420170826:
675	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
676	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
677
67820170825:
679	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
680	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
681	to complete.
682
68320170814:
684	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
685	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
686	${TESTSDIR}.
687
688	Behavioral changes:
689	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
690	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
691	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
692	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
693
694	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
695	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
696	sandbox if successful.
697
698	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
699	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
700	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
701	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
702	an unprivileged user.
703
70420170808:
705	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
706	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
707	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
708	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
709	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
710	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
711	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
712	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
713	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
714	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
715	to which you should answer yes.
716
71720170728:
718	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
719	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
720	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
721	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
722	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
723
72420170722:
725	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
726	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
727	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
728
72920170701:
730	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
731	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
732
73320170625:
734	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
735	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
736	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
737	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
738	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
739	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
740	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
741
74220170623:
743	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
744	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
745	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
746	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
747	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
748	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
749
75020170620:
751	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
752	if you require the GPL compiler.
753
75420170618:
755	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
756	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
757	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
758
75920170617:
760	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
761	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
762	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
763	followed.
764
76520170531:
766	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
767	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
768	from ports (and recommends to install it).
769	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
770	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
771	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
772
77320170524:
774	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
775	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
776	which only require one chipset support.
777
778	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
779
780	if_ath_load="YES"
781
782	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
783	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
784	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
785
786	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
787	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
788
789	* load ath_hal
790	* load the chip modules in question
791	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
792	* load ath_main
793	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
794	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
795
796	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
797
79820170523:
799	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
800	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
801	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
802
803	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
804	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
805	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
806
807	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
808	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
809	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
810	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
811	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
812	installing world.
813
81420170424:
815	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
816	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
817	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
818
81920170420:
820	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
821	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
822	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
823
82420170413:
825	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
826	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
827	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
828	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
829	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
830	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
831	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
832
83320170407:
834	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
835	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
836	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
837	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
838
83920170405:
840	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
841	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
842	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
843
84420170331:
845	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
846	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
847	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
848
84920170329:
850	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
851	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
852
853	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
854	via one of the following methods:
855	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
856	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
857	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
858	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
859
860	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
861
86220170316:
863	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
864	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
865	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
866	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
867	with mmc.ko).
868
86920170315:
870	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
871	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
872	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
873	be prefixed with colon.
874
87520170311:
876	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
877	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
878	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
879
88020170302:
881	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
882	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
883	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
884
88520170221:
886	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
887	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
888	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
889	change.
890
89120170216:
892	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
893	valid.
894
89520170215:
896	MCA bus support has been removed.
897
89820170127:
899	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
900	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
901
90220170112:
903	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
904	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
905
90620170109:
907	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
908	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
909	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
910
91120161217:
912	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
913	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
914	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
915
91620161124:
917	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
918	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
919	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
920
92120161119:
922	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
923	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
924	that link against it need to be recompiled.
925
92620161030:
927	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
928	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
929	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
930	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
931
93220161017:
933	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
934	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
935	parts.
936	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
937	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
938
93920161015:
940	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
941	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
942	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
943	removed from base.
944
94520161008:
946	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
947	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
948	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
949
95020161003:
951	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
952	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
953
95420160924:
955	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
956	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
957	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
958	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
959
96020160918:
961	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
962	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
963	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
964	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
965	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
966
96720160918:
968	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
969
97020160908:
971	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
972	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
973	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
974	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
975
97620160824:
977	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
978	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
979	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
980	to 1200005.
981
98220160818:
983	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
984	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
985	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
986	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
987	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
988	0.
989
99020160818:
991	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
992	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
993
99420160708:
995	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
996
99720160622:
998	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
999	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1000	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1001	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1002	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1003	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1004	kernel.
1005
100620160527:
1007	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1008	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1009	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1010	previously contained a line like
1011	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1012	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1013	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1014	generally be fine.
1015
101620160523:
1017	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1018	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1019	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1020	built with the old headers.
1021
102220160520:
1023	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1024	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1025	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1026	installing a new libc.
1027
102820160517:
1029	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1030	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1031	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1032	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1033	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1034	packages will be needed.
1035
1036	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1037	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1038	and the install steps.
1039
104020160510:
1041	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1042	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1043	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1044	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1045	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1046	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1047
104820160414:
1049	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1050	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1051	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1052	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1053	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1054
1055		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1056		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1057		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1058		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1059		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1060
1061	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1062	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1063	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1064	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1065	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1066	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1067	vendors work.
1068
1069	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1070	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1071		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1072	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1073	quirks entry to 0x3.
1074
107520160330:
1076	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1077	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1078	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1079
108020160317:
1081	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1082	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1083
108420160311:
1085	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1086	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1087	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1088	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1089	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1090	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1091	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1092	stale .depend files.
1093
109420160306:
1095	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1096	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1097	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1098	rebooting, e.g.:
1099
1100	make buildworld
1101	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1102	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1103	make -C sys/boot install
1104	<reboot in single user>
1105
1106	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1107	below.
1108
110920160305:
1110	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1111	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1112	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1113
111420160301:
1115	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1116	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1117	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1118	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1119	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1120	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1121
112220160226:
1123	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1124	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1125	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1126	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1127	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1128
112920160129:
1130	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1131	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1132	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1133	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1134	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1135
113620160119:
1137	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1138	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1139
114020160113:
1141	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1142	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1143	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1144
114520151216:
1146	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1147	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1148	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1149	other loaders.
1150
115120151211:
1152	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1153	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1154	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1155	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1156	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1157	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1158
115920151207:
1160	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1161	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1162	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1163	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1164	in src.conf(5).
1165
116620151130:
1167	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1168	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1169	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1170
117120151108:
1172	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1173	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1174	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1175
1176	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1177	collation results will be different.
1178
1179	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1180	locales before running make installworld.
1181
1182	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1183
118420151030:
1185	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1186	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1187
118820151020:
1189	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1190	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1191	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1192
119320151017:
1194	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1195	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1196	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1197	and 'make -N' will not.
1198
119920151012:
1200	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1201	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1202	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1203	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1204	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1205	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1206	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1207	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1208
120920151011:
1210	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1211	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1212	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1213	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1214
121520151006:
1216	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1217	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1218	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1219
122020150924:
1221	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1222	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1223	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1224	userland debug files.
1225
1226	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1227	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1228	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1229
1230	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1231	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1232
123320150827:
1234	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1235	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1236	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1237	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1238	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1239	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1240
124120150827:
1242	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1243	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1244	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1245
124620150817:
1247	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1248	them, the kernel must have
1249
1250	device	random
1251	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1252
1253	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1254	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1255	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1256	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1257
1258	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1259	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1260
126120150813:
1262	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1263	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1264	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1265
126620150810:
1267	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1268	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1269	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1270	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1271
1272	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1273	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1274	difference with this change.
1275
1276	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1277	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1278	remove that workaround.
1279
128020150809:
1281	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1282	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1283	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1284	with:
1285
1286	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1287
128820150806:
1289	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1290	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1291	loader.rc.local instead.
1292
129320150805:
1294	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1295	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1296	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1297
129820150728:
1299	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1300	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1301	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1302
1303	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1304	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1305
130620150706:
1307	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1308	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1309	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1310	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1311	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1312	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1313	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1314	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1315	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1316	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1317	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1318	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1319
132020150630:
1321	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1322	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1323
1324	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1325	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1326	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1327
1328	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1329	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1330
1331	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1332	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1333	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1334
1335	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1336	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1337	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1338	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1339
1340	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1341	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1342	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1343	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1344
1345	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1346	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1347	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1348	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1349	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1350	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1351	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1352	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1353	will never happen.
1354
135520150623:
1356	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1357	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1358
135920150616:
1360	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1361	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1362
136320150615:
1364	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1365	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1366	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1367	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1368	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1369
137020150614:
1371	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1372	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1373	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1374	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1375
137620150614:
1377	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1378	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1379	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1380	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1381	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1382	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1383	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1384
1385	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1386	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1387	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1388	   replace it with '2'.
1389	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1390	   a file path, create a new file with:
1391		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1392	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1393		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1394	5. Restart sendmail:
1395		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1396
1397	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1398	updated.
1399
140020150604:
1401	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1402	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1403	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1404	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1405	5.x.
1406
1407	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1408
140920150525:
1410	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1411	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1412	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1413
141420150521:
1415	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1416	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1417	and Pandaboard:
1418
1419	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1420	  same but content is different now
1421	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1422	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1423	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1424	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1425	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1426
142720150501:
1428	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1429	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1430	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1431
143220150423:
1433	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1434	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1435
143620150415:
1437	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1438	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1439
144020150416:
1441	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1442	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1443	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1444
144520150324:
1446	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1447	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1448	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1449	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1450
145120150315:
1452	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1453	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1454	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1455
145620150307:
1457	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1458	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1459	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1460	kernel before rebooting.
1461
146220150217:
1463	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1464	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1465	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1466	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1467	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1468	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1469
147020150210:
1471	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1472	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1473	with the new kernel.
1474
147520150131:
1476	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1477	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1478	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1479
148020150118:
1481	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1482	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1483	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1484	are not already using 3.5.0.
1485
148620150107:
1487	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1488	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1489	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1490	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1491	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1492
149320150105:
1494	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1495	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1496	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1497	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1498
149920150102:
1500	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1501	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1502
150320141231:
1504	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1505
1506	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1507	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1508	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1509	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1510	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1511	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1512	later.
1513
1514	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1515	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1516	of the box.
1517
1518	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1519	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1520	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1521	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1522
1523	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1524	the instructions for 9.x above.
1525
1526	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1527	default, and do not build clang.
1528
1529	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1530	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1531	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1532
1533	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1534	the following are most likely to appear:
1535
1536	-Wabsolute-value
1537
1538	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1539	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1540	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1541	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1542	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1543	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1544	  cast, or disable the warning.
1545
1546	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1547	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1548	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1549	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1550	  side-effects.
1551
1552	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1553	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1554
1555	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1556	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1557	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1558	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1559
1560	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1561	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1562	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1563	unreachable could be optimized away.
1564
156520141222:
1566	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1567	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1568	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1569	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1570	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1571	the utilities will report errors.
1572
157320141121:
1574	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1575	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1576	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1577	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1578	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1579	LOCAL_DIRS.
1580
158120141109:
1582	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1583	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1584
158520141104:
1586	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1587	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1588	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1589	drivers.
1590
1591	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1592	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1593	indicate what you need to do.
1594
1595	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1596	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1597	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1598
1599	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1600	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1601	  kern.vty=sc
1602
160320141102:
1604	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1605	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1606	execute it.
1607
160820141009:
1609	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1610	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1611	devel/gperf port.
1612
161320140923:
1614	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1615	contrib/pjdfstest .
1616
161720140922:
1618	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1619	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1620	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1621	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1622	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1623	their next update cycle.
1624
162520140729:
1626	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1627	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1628	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1629	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1630	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1631
163220140723:
1633	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1634	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1635
163620140719:
1637	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1638	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1639	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1640	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1641	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1642	new configuration.
1643
164420140709:
1645	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1646	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1647	them again.
1648	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1649
165020140708:
1651	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1652	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1653	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1654	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1655	requires readline.
1656
165720140702:
1658	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1659	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1660	architecture.
1661
166220140701:
1663	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1664	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1665	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1666	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1667	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1668
166920140629:
1670	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1671	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1672	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1673
167420140619:
1675	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1676	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1677	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1678
167920140606:
1680	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1681	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1682	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1683	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1684	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1685	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1686	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1687	"make installworld".
1688
1689	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1690	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1691	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1692	is run.
1693
1694	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1695	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1696	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1697	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1698	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1699
170020140512:
1701	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1702
170320140508:
1704	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1705	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1706	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1707
170820140505:
1709	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1710	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1711	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1712	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1713	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1714	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1715	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1716	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1717	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1718	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1719	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1720	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1721
1722	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1723	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1724	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1725	as well.
1726
172720140430:
1728	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1729	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1730
173120140424:
1732	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1733	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1734	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1735	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1736	build hosts for older releases.
1737
1738	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1739	r276991, respectively.
1740
174120140418:
1742	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1743	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1744	will silently lack HESIOD.
1745
174620140405:
1747	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1748	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1749	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1750	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1751	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1752	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1753	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1754	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1755	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1756	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1757	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1758	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1759
176020140306:
1761	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1762	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1763	with command line option -W.
1764
176520140226:
1766	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1767	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1768	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1769	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1770	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1771
177220140216:
1773	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1774
177520140216:
1776	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1777	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1778
177920140212:
1780	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1781	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1782	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1783	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1784	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1785
178620140204:
1787	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1788	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1789	kernel is still highly recommended.
1790
179120140131:
1792	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1793	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1794	capability mode support in kernel.
1795
179620140128:
1797	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1798	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1799	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1800	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1801	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1802
180320140110:
1804	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1805	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1806	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1807	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1808	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1809	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1810
181120131213:
1812	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1813	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1814	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1815	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1816	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1817	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1818	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1819	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1820	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1821
182220131108:
1823	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1824	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1825	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1826	should change your settings to use the latter.
1827
182820131025:
1829	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1830	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1831	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1832	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1833	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1834
183520131014:
1836	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1837	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1838	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1839	delete-old-libs":
1840	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1841	  or
1842	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1843
184420131010:
1845	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1846	revision r256279.
1847
1848COMMON ITEMS:
1849
1850	General Notes
1851	-------------
1852	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1853	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1854	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1855	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1856	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1857	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1858	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1859
1860	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1861	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1862	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1863	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1864	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1865
1866	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1867	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1868	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1869	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1870	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1871	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1872	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1873	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1874	an exception.
1875
1876	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1877	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1878	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1879	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1880
1881	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1882	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1883	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1884	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1885	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1886	should write them with this in mind.
1887
1888	ZFS notes
1889	---------
1890	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1891	these two steps:
1892
1893	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1894	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1895
1896	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1897
1898	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1899	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1900	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1901
1902	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1903
1904	To build a kernel
1905	-----------------
1906	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1907	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1908	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1909
1910	make kernel-toolchain
1911	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1912	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1913
1914	To test a kernel once
1915	---------------------
1916	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1917	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1918	debugging information) run
1919	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1920	nextboot -k testkernel
1921
1922	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1923	-----------------------------------------------------------
1924	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1925	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1926
1927	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1928	make buildworld
1929	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1930	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1931							[1]
1932	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1933	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1934	make installworld
1935	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1936	make delete-old					[6]
1937	<reboot>
1938
1939	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1940	--------------------------------------------------
1941	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1942	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1943	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1944	# size.
1945
1946	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1947	<boot into -stable>
1948	make buildworld
1949	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1950	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1951	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1952	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1953	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1954	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1955	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1956	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1957	<reboot into current>
1958	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1959	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1960	<reboot>
1961
1962
1963	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1964	----------------------------------------------
1965	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1966	make buildworld					[9]
1967	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1968	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1969							[1]
1970	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1971	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1972	make installworld
1973	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1974	make delete-old					[6]
1975	<reboot>
1976
1977	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1978	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1979	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1980	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1981	the UPDATING entries.
1982
1983	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1984	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1985	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1986	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1987	much fewer pitfalls.
1988
1989	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1990	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1991	system on reboot.
1992
1993	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1994		fsck -p
1995		mount -u /
1996		mount -a
1997		cd src
1998		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1999	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2000	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2001
2002	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2003	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2004	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2005	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2006	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2007	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2008	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2009
2010	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2011	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2012	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2013	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2014	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2015	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2016
2017	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2018	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2019	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2020
2021	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2022	an installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new
2023	kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2024	option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2025	binaries).  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2026	hard to boot to recover.  A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2027	compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2028
2029	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2030	last time you updated your kernel config file.
2031
2032	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2033	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2034	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2035
2036	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2037	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2038	warn if it is improperly defined.
2039FORMAT:
2040
2041This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2042breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2043list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2044If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2045to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2046
2047Copyright information:
2048
2049Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
2050
2051Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2052modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2053document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2054
2055THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2056IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2057WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2058DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2059INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2060(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2061SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2062HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2063STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2064IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2065POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2066
2067Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2068this document.
2069
2070$FreeBSD: releng/12.2/UPDATING 366954 2020-10-23 00:00:52Z gjb $
2071