1--- 2layout: default 3title: Transforms 4nav_order: 8 5has_children: true 6--- 7<!-- 8© 2020 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others. 9License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html 10--> 11 12# Transforms 13{: .no_toc } 14 15## Contents 16{: .no_toc .text-delta } 17 181. TOC 19{:toc} 20 21--- 22 23## Overview 24 25Transforms are used to process Unicode text in many different ways. Some include 26case mapping, normalization, transliteration and bidirectional text handling. 27 28### Case Mappings 29 30[Case mapping](casemappings.md) is used to handle mappings of upper- and lower-case characters from 31one language to another language, and writing systems that use letters of the 32same alphabet to handle titlecase mappings that are particular to some class. 33They provide for certain language-specific mappings as well. 34 35### Normalization 36 37[Normalization](normalization/index.md) is used to convert text to a unique, equivalent form. Systems can 38normalize Unicode-encoded text to one particular sequence, such as a normalizing 39composite character sequences into precomposed characters. While Normalization 40Forms are specified for Unicode text, they can also be extended to non-Unicode 41(legacy) character encodings. This is based on mapping the legacy character set 42strings to and from Unicode. 43 44### Transforms 45 46[Transforms](general/index.md) provide a general-purpose package for processing Unicode text. They 47are a powerful and flexible mechanism for handling a variety of different tasks, 48including: 49 50* Uppercase, Lowercase, Titlecase, Full/Halfwidth conversions 51 52* Normalization 53 54* Hex and Character Name conversions 55 56* Script to Script conversion 57 58### Bidirectional Algorithm 59 60The [Bidirectional Algorithm](bidi.md) was developed to specify the direction of text in a 61text flow. 62