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1 // © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
2 // License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
3 /*************************************************************************
4 * Copyright (c) 1997-2016, International Business Machines Corporation
5 * and others. All Rights Reserved.
6 **************************************************************************
7 *
8 * File TIMEZONE.H
9 *
10 * Modification History:
11 *
12 *   Date        Name        Description
13 *   04/21/97    aliu        Overhauled header.
14 *   07/09/97    helena      Changed createInstance to createDefault.
15 *   08/06/97    aliu        Removed dependency on internal header for Hashtable.
16 *   08/10/98    stephen        Changed getDisplayName() API conventions to match
17 *   08/19/98    stephen        Changed createTimeZone() to never return 0
18 *   09/02/98    stephen        Sync to JDK 1.2 8/31
19 *                            - Added getOffset(... monthlen ...)
20 *                            - Added hasSameRules()
21 *   09/15/98    stephen        Added getStaticClassID
22 *   12/03/99    aliu        Moved data out of static table into icudata.dll.
23 *                           Hashtable replaced by new static data structures.
24 *   12/14/99    aliu        Made GMT public.
25 *   08/15/01    grhoten     Made GMT private and added the getGMT() function
26 **************************************************************************
27 */
28 
29 #ifndef TIMEZONE_H
30 #define TIMEZONE_H
31 
32 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
33 
34 #if U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API
35 
36 /**
37  * \file
38  * \brief C++ API: TimeZone object
39  */
40 
41 #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING
42 
43 #include "unicode/uobject.h"
44 #include "unicode/unistr.h"
45 #include "unicode/ures.h"
46 #include "unicode/ucal.h"
47 
48 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
49 
50 class StringEnumeration;
51 
52 /**
53  *
54  * <code>TimeZone</code> represents a time zone offset, and also figures out daylight
55  * savings.
56  *
57  * <p>
58  * Typically, you get a <code>TimeZone</code> using <code>createDefault</code>
59  * which creates a <code>TimeZone</code> based on the time zone where the program
60  * is running. For example, for a program running in Japan, <code>createDefault</code>
61  * creates a <code>TimeZone</code> object based on Japanese Standard Time.
62  *
63  * <p>
64  * You can also get a <code>TimeZone</code> using <code>createTimeZone</code> along
65  * with a time zone ID. For instance, the time zone ID for the US Pacific
66  * Time zone is "America/Los_Angeles". So, you can get a Pacific Time <code>TimeZone</code> object
67  * with:
68  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
69  * <pre>
70  * TimeZone *tz = TimeZone::createTimeZone("America/Los_Angeles");
71  * </pre>
72  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
73  * You can use the <code>createEnumeration</code> method to iterate through
74  * all the supported time zone IDs, or the <code>getCanonicalID</code> method to check
75  * if a time zone ID is supported or not.  You can then choose a
76  * supported ID to get a <code>TimeZone</code>.
77  * If the time zone you want is not represented by one of the
78  * supported IDs, then you can create a custom time zone ID with
79  * the following syntax:
80  *
81  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
82  * <pre>
83  * GMT[+|-]hh[[:]mm]
84  * </pre>
85  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
86  *
87  * For example, you might specify GMT+14:00 as a custom
88  * time zone ID.  The <code>TimeZone</code> that is returned
89  * when you specify a custom time zone ID uses the specified
90  * offset from GMT(=UTC) and does not observe daylight saving
91  * time. For example, you might specify GMT+14:00 as a custom
92  * time zone ID to create a TimeZone representing 14 hours ahead
93  * of GMT (with no daylight saving time). In addition,
94  * <code>getCanonicalID</code> can also be used to
95  * normalize a custom time zone ID.
96  *
97  * TimeZone is an abstract class representing a time zone.  A TimeZone is needed for
98  * Calendar to produce local time for a particular time zone.  A TimeZone comprises
99  * three basic pieces of information:
100  * <ul>
101  *    <li>A time zone offset; that, is the number of milliseconds to add or subtract
102  *      from a time expressed in terms of GMT to convert it to the same time in that
103  *      time zone (without taking daylight savings time into account).</li>
104  *    <li>Logic necessary to take daylight savings time into account if daylight savings
105  *      time is observed in that time zone (e.g., the days and hours on which daylight
106  *      savings time begins and ends).</li>
107  *    <li>An ID.  This is a text string that uniquely identifies the time zone.</li>
108  * </ul>
109  *
110  * (Only the ID is actually implemented in TimeZone; subclasses of TimeZone may handle
111  * daylight savings time and GMT offset in different ways.  Currently we have the following
112  * TimeZone subclasses: RuleBasedTimeZone, SimpleTimeZone, and VTimeZone.)
113  * <P>
114  * The TimeZone class contains a static list containing a TimeZone object for every
115  * combination of GMT offset and daylight-savings time rules currently in use in the
116  * world, each with a unique ID.  Each ID consists of a region (usually a continent or
117  * ocean) and a city in that region, separated by a slash, (for example, US Pacific
118  * Time is "America/Los_Angeles.")  Because older versions of this class used
119  * three- or four-letter abbreviations instead, there is also a table that maps the older
120  * abbreviations to the newer ones (for example, "PST" maps to "America/Los_Angeles").
121  * Anywhere the API requires an ID, you can use either form.
122  * <P>
123  * To create a new TimeZone, you call the factory function TimeZone::createTimeZone()
124  * and pass it a time zone ID.  You can use the createEnumeration() function to
125  * obtain a list of all the time zone IDs recognized by createTimeZone().
126  * <P>
127  * You can also use TimeZone::createDefault() to create a TimeZone.  This function uses
128  * platform-specific APIs to produce a TimeZone for the time zone corresponding to
129  * the client's computer's physical location.  For example, if you're in Japan (assuming
130  * your machine is set up correctly), TimeZone::createDefault() will return a TimeZone
131  * for Japanese Standard Time ("Asia/Tokyo").
132  */
133 class U_I18N_API TimeZone : public UObject {
134 public:
135     /**
136      * @stable ICU 2.0
137      */
138     virtual ~TimeZone();
139 
140     /**
141      * Returns the "unknown" time zone.
142      * It behaves like the GMT/UTC time zone but has the
143      * <code>UCAL_UNKNOWN_ZONE_ID</code> = "Etc/Unknown".
144      * createTimeZone() returns a mutable clone of this time zone if the input ID is not recognized.
145      *
146      * @return the "unknown" time zone.
147      * @see UCAL_UNKNOWN_ZONE_ID
148      * @see createTimeZone
149      * @see getGMT
150      * @stable ICU 49
151      */
152     static const TimeZone& U_EXPORT2 getUnknown();
153 
154     /**
155      * The GMT (=UTC) time zone has a raw offset of zero and does not use daylight
156      * savings time. This is a commonly used time zone.
157      *
158      * <p>Note: For backward compatibility reason, the ID used by the time
159      * zone returned by this method is "GMT", although the ICU's canonical
160      * ID for the GMT time zone is "Etc/GMT".
161      *
162      * @return the GMT/UTC time zone.
163      * @see getUnknown
164      * @stable ICU 2.0
165      */
166     static const TimeZone* U_EXPORT2 getGMT(void);
167 
168     /**
169      * Creates a <code>TimeZone</code> for the given ID.
170      * @param ID the ID for a <code>TimeZone</code>, such as "America/Los_Angeles",
171      * or a custom ID such as "GMT-8:00".
172      * @return the specified <code>TimeZone</code>, or a mutable clone of getUnknown()
173      * if the given ID cannot be understood or if the given ID is "Etc/Unknown".
174      * The return result is guaranteed to be non-NULL.
175      * If you require that the specific zone asked for be returned,
176      * compare the result with getUnknown() or check the ID of the return result.
177      * @stable ICU 2.0
178      */
179     static TimeZone* U_EXPORT2 createTimeZone(const UnicodeString& ID);
180 
181     /**
182      * Returns an enumeration over system time zone IDs with the given
183      * filter conditions.
184      * @param zoneType      The system time zone type.
185      * @param region        The ISO 3166 two-letter country code or UN M.49
186      *                      three-digit area code. When NULL, no filtering
187      *                      done by region.
188      * @param rawOffset     An offset from GMT in milliseconds, ignoring
189      *                      the effect of daylight savings time, if any.
190      *                      When NULL, no filtering done by zone offset.
191      * @param ec            Output param to filled in with a success or
192      *                      an error.
193      * @return an enumeration object, owned by the caller.
194      * @stable ICU 4.8
195      */
196     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 createTimeZoneIDEnumeration(
197         USystemTimeZoneType zoneType,
198         const char* region,
199         const int32_t* rawOffset,
200         UErrorCode& ec);
201 
202     /**
203      * Returns an enumeration over all recognized time zone IDs. (i.e.,
204      * all strings that createTimeZone() accepts)
205      *
206      * @return an enumeration object, owned by the caller.
207      * @stable ICU 2.4
208      */
209     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 createEnumeration();
210 
211     /**
212      * Returns an enumeration over time zone IDs with a given raw
213      * offset from GMT.  There may be several times zones with the
214      * same GMT offset that differ in the way they handle daylight
215      * savings time.  For example, the state of Arizona doesn't
216      * observe daylight savings time.  If you ask for the time zone
217      * IDs corresponding to GMT-7:00, you'll get back an enumeration
218      * over two time zone IDs: "America/Denver," which corresponds to
219      * Mountain Standard Time in the winter and Mountain Daylight Time
220      * in the summer, and "America/Phoenix", which corresponds to
221      * Mountain Standard Time year-round, even in the summer.
222      *
223      * @param rawOffset an offset from GMT in milliseconds, ignoring
224      * the effect of daylight savings time, if any
225      * @return an enumeration object, owned by the caller
226      * @stable ICU 2.4
227      */
228     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 createEnumeration(int32_t rawOffset);
229 
230     /**
231      * Returns an enumeration over time zone IDs associated with the
232      * given country.  Some zones are affiliated with no country
233      * (e.g., "UTC"); these may also be retrieved, as a group.
234      *
235      * @param country The ISO 3166 two-letter country code, or NULL to
236      * retrieve zones not affiliated with any country.
237      * @return an enumeration object, owned by the caller
238      * @stable ICU 2.4
239      */
240     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 createEnumeration(const char* country);
241 
242     /**
243      * Returns the number of IDs in the equivalency group that
244      * includes the given ID.  An equivalency group contains zones
245      * that have the same GMT offset and rules.
246      *
247      * <p>The returned count includes the given ID; it is always >= 1.
248      * The given ID must be a system time zone.  If it is not, returns
249      * zero.
250      * @param id a system time zone ID
251      * @return the number of zones in the equivalency group containing
252      * 'id', or zero if 'id' is not a valid system ID
253      * @see #getEquivalentID
254      * @stable ICU 2.0
255      */
256     static int32_t U_EXPORT2 countEquivalentIDs(const UnicodeString& id);
257 
258     /**
259      * Returns an ID in the equivalency group that
260      * includes the given ID.  An equivalency group contains zones
261      * that have the same GMT offset and rules.
262      *
263      * <p>The given index must be in the range 0..n-1, where n is the
264      * value returned by <code>countEquivalentIDs(id)</code>.  For
265      * some value of 'index', the returned value will be equal to the
266      * given id.  If the given id is not a valid system time zone, or
267      * if 'index' is out of range, then returns an empty string.
268      * @param id a system time zone ID
269      * @param index a value from 0 to n-1, where n is the value
270      * returned by <code>countEquivalentIDs(id)</code>
271      * @return the ID of the index-th zone in the equivalency group
272      * containing 'id', or an empty string if 'id' is not a valid
273      * system ID or 'index' is out of range
274      * @see #countEquivalentIDs
275      * @stable ICU 2.0
276      */
277     static const UnicodeString U_EXPORT2 getEquivalentID(const UnicodeString& id,
278                                                int32_t index);
279 
280     /**
281      * Creates an instance of TimeZone detected from the current host
282      * system configuration. If the host system detection routines fail,
283      * or if they specify a TimeZone or TimeZone offset which is not
284      * recognized, then the special TimeZone "Etc/Unknown" is returned.
285      *
286      * Note that ICU4C does not change the default time zone unless
287      * `TimeZone::adoptDefault(TimeZone*)` or
288      * `TimeZone::setDefault(const TimeZone&)` is explicitly called by a
289      * user. This method does not update the current ICU's default,
290      * and may return a different TimeZone from the one returned by
291      * `TimeZone::createDefault()`.
292      *
293      * <p>This function is not thread safe.</p>
294      *
295      * @return  A new instance of TimeZone detected from the current host system
296      *          configuration.
297      * @see adoptDefault
298      * @see setDefault
299      * @see createDefault
300      * @see getUnknown
301      * @stable ICU 55
302      */
303     static TimeZone* U_EXPORT2 detectHostTimeZone();
304 
305     /**
306      * Creates a new copy of the default TimeZone for this host. Unless the default time
307      * zone has already been set using adoptDefault() or setDefault(), the default is
308      * determined by querying the host system configuration. If the host system detection
309      * routines fail, or if they specify a TimeZone or TimeZone offset which is not
310      * recognized, then the special TimeZone "Etc/Unknown" is instantiated and made the
311      * default.
312      *
313      * @return   A default TimeZone. Clients are responsible for deleting the time zone
314      *           object returned.
315      * @see getUnknown
316      * @stable ICU 2.0
317      */
318     static TimeZone* U_EXPORT2 createDefault(void);
319 
320 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
321     /**
322      * If the locale contains the timezone keyword, creates a copy of that TimeZone.
323      * Otherwise, create the default timezone.
324      *
325      * @param locale a locale which may contains 'timezone' keyword/value.
326      * @return   A TimeZone. Clients are responsible for deleting the time zone
327      *           object returned.
328      * @internal
329      */
330     static TimeZone* U_EXPORT2 forLocaleOrDefault(const Locale& locale);
331 #endif  /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
332 
333     /**
334      * Sets the default time zone (i.e., what's returned by createDefault()) to be the
335      * specified time zone.  If NULL is specified for the time zone, the default time
336      * zone is set to the default host time zone.  This call adopts the TimeZone object
337      * passed in; the client is no longer responsible for deleting it.
338      *
339      * @param zone  A pointer to the new TimeZone object to use as the default.
340      * @stable ICU 2.0
341      */
342     static void U_EXPORT2 adoptDefault(TimeZone* zone);
343 
344 #ifndef U_HIDE_SYSTEM_API
345     /**
346      * Same as adoptDefault(), except that the TimeZone object passed in is NOT adopted;
347      * the caller remains responsible for deleting it.
348      *
349      * @param zone  The given timezone.
350      * @system
351      * @stable ICU 2.0
352      */
353     static void U_EXPORT2 setDefault(const TimeZone& zone);
354 #endif  /* U_HIDE_SYSTEM_API */
355 
356     /**
357      * Returns the timezone data version currently used by ICU.
358      * @param status Output param to filled in with a success or an error.
359      * @return the version string, such as "2007f"
360      * @stable ICU 3.8
361      */
362     static const char* U_EXPORT2 getTZDataVersion(UErrorCode& status);
363 
364     /**
365      * Returns the canonical system timezone ID or the normalized
366      * custom time zone ID for the given time zone ID.
367      * @param id            The input time zone ID to be canonicalized.
368      * @param canonicalID   Receives the canonical system time zone ID
369      *                      or the custom time zone ID in normalized format.
370      * @param status        Receives the status.  When the given time zone ID
371      *                      is neither a known system time zone ID nor a
372      *                      valid custom time zone ID, U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR
373      *                      is set.
374      * @return A reference to the result.
375      * @stable ICU 4.0
376      */
377     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getCanonicalID(const UnicodeString& id,
378         UnicodeString& canonicalID, UErrorCode& status);
379 
380     /**
381      * Returns the canonical system time zone ID or the normalized
382      * custom time zone ID for the given time zone ID.
383      * @param id            The input time zone ID to be canonicalized.
384      * @param canonicalID   Receives the canonical system time zone ID
385      *                      or the custom time zone ID in normalized format.
386      * @param isSystemID    Receives if the given ID is a known system
387      *                      time zone ID.
388      * @param status        Receives the status.  When the given time zone ID
389      *                      is neither a known system time zone ID nor a
390      *                      valid custom time zone ID, U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR
391      *                      is set.
392      * @return A reference to the result.
393      * @stable ICU 4.0
394      */
395     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getCanonicalID(const UnicodeString& id,
396         UnicodeString& canonicalID, UBool& isSystemID, UErrorCode& status);
397 
398     /**
399     * Converts a system time zone ID to an equivalent Windows time zone ID. For example,
400     * Windows time zone ID "Pacific Standard Time" is returned for input "America/Los_Angeles".
401     *
402     * <p>There are system time zones that cannot be mapped to Windows zones. When the input
403     * system time zone ID is unknown or unmappable to a Windows time zone, then the result will be
404     * empty, but the operation itself remains successful (no error status set on return).
405     *
406     * <p>This implementation utilizes <a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/charts/supplemental/zone_tzid.html">
407     * Zone-Tzid mapping data</a>. The mapping data is updated time to time. To get the latest changes,
408     * please read the ICU user guide section <a href="https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/datetime/timezone#updating-the-time-zone-data">
409     * Updating the Time Zone Data</a>.
410     *
411     * @param id        A system time zone ID.
412     * @param winid     Receives a Windows time zone ID. When the input system time zone ID is unknown
413     *                  or unmappable to a Windows time zone ID, then an empty string is set on return.
414     * @param status    Receives the status.
415     * @return          A reference to the result (<code>winid</code>).
416     * @see getIDForWindowsID
417     *
418     * @stable ICU 52
419     */
420     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getWindowsID(const UnicodeString& id,
421         UnicodeString& winid, UErrorCode& status);
422 
423     /**
424     * Converts a Windows time zone ID to an equivalent system time zone ID
425     * for a region. For example, system time zone ID "America/Los_Angeles" is returned
426     * for input Windows ID "Pacific Standard Time" and region "US" (or <code>null</code>),
427     * "America/Vancouver" is returned for the same Windows ID "Pacific Standard Time" and
428     * region "CA".
429     *
430     * <p>Not all Windows time zones can be mapped to system time zones. When the input
431     * Windows time zone ID is unknown or unmappable to a system time zone, then the result
432     * will be empty, but the operation itself remains successful (no error status set on return).
433     *
434     * <p>This implementation utilizes <a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/charts/supplemental/zone_tzid.html">
435     * Zone-Tzid mapping data</a>. The mapping data is updated time to time. To get the latest changes,
436     * please read the ICU user guide section <a href="https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/datetime/timezone#updating-the-time-zone-data">
437     * Updating the Time Zone Data</a>.
438     *
439     * @param winid     A Windows time zone ID.
440     * @param region    A null-terminated region code, or <code>NULL</code> if no regional preference.
441     * @param id        Receives a system time zone ID. When the input Windows time zone ID is unknown
442     *                  or unmappable to a system time zone ID, then an empty string is set on return.
443     * @param status    Receives the status.
444     * @return          A reference to the result (<code>id</code>).
445     * @see getWindowsID
446     *
447     * @stable ICU 52
448     */
449     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getIDForWindowsID(const UnicodeString& winid, const char* region,
450         UnicodeString& id, UErrorCode& status);
451 
452     /**
453      * Returns true if the two TimeZones are equal.  (The TimeZone version only compares
454      * IDs, but subclasses are expected to also compare the fields they add.)
455      *
456      * @param that  The TimeZone object to be compared with.
457      * @return      True if the given TimeZone is equal to this TimeZone; false
458      *              otherwise.
459      * @stable ICU 2.0
460      */
461     virtual UBool operator==(const TimeZone& that) const;
462 
463     /**
464      * Returns true if the two TimeZones are NOT equal; that is, if operator==() returns
465      * false.
466      *
467      * @param that  The TimeZone object to be compared with.
468      * @return      True if the given TimeZone is not equal to this TimeZone; false
469      *              otherwise.
470      * @stable ICU 2.0
471      */
472     UBool operator!=(const TimeZone& that) const {return !operator==(that);}
473 
474     /**
475      * Returns the TimeZone's adjusted GMT offset (i.e., the number of milliseconds to add
476      * to GMT to get local time in this time zone, taking daylight savings time into
477      * account) as of a particular reference date.  The reference date is used to determine
478      * whether daylight savings time is in effect and needs to be figured into the offset
479      * that is returned (in other words, what is the adjusted GMT offset in this time zone
480      * at this particular date and time?).  For the time zones produced by createTimeZone(),
481      * the reference data is specified according to the Gregorian calendar, and the date
482      * and time fields are local standard time.
483      *
484      * <p>Note: Don't call this method. Instead, call the getOffset(UDate...) overload,
485      * which returns both the raw and the DST offset for a given time. This method
486      * is retained only for backward compatibility.
487      *
488      * @param era        The reference date's era
489      * @param year       The reference date's year
490      * @param month      The reference date's month (0-based; 0 is January)
491      * @param day        The reference date's day-in-month (1-based)
492      * @param dayOfWeek  The reference date's day-of-week (1-based; 1 is Sunday)
493      * @param millis     The reference date's milliseconds in day, local standard time
494      * @param status     Output param to filled in with a success or an error.
495      * @return           The offset in milliseconds to add to GMT to get local time.
496      * @stable ICU 2.0
497      */
498     virtual int32_t getOffset(uint8_t era, int32_t year, int32_t month, int32_t day,
499                               uint8_t dayOfWeek, int32_t millis, UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
500 
501     /**
502      * Gets the time zone offset, for current date, modified in case of
503      * daylight savings. This is the offset to add *to* UTC to get local time.
504      *
505      * <p>Note: Don't call this method. Instead, call the getOffset(UDate...) overload,
506      * which returns both the raw and the DST offset for a given time. This method
507      * is retained only for backward compatibility.
508      *
509      * @param era the era of the given date.
510      * @param year the year in the given date.
511      * @param month the month in the given date.
512      * Month is 0-based. e.g., 0 for January.
513      * @param day the day-in-month of the given date.
514      * @param dayOfWeek the day-of-week of the given date.
515      * @param milliseconds the millis in day in <em>standard</em> local time.
516      * @param monthLength the length of the given month in days.
517      * @param status     Output param to filled in with a success or an error.
518      * @return the offset to add *to* GMT to get local time.
519      * @stable ICU 2.0
520      */
521     virtual int32_t getOffset(uint8_t era, int32_t year, int32_t month, int32_t day,
522                            uint8_t dayOfWeek, int32_t milliseconds,
523                            int32_t monthLength, UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
524 
525     /**
526      * Returns the time zone raw and GMT offset for the given moment
527      * in time.  Upon return, local-millis = GMT-millis + rawOffset +
528      * dstOffset.  All computations are performed in the proleptic
529      * Gregorian calendar.  The default implementation in the TimeZone
530      * class delegates to the 8-argument getOffset().
531      *
532      * @param date moment in time for which to return offsets, in
533      * units of milliseconds from January 1, 1970 0:00 GMT, either GMT
534      * time or local wall time, depending on `local'.
535      * @param local if true, `date' is local wall time; otherwise it
536      * is in GMT time.
537      * @param rawOffset output parameter to receive the raw offset, that
538      * is, the offset not including DST adjustments
539      * @param dstOffset output parameter to receive the DST offset,
540      * that is, the offset to be added to `rawOffset' to obtain the
541      * total offset between local and GMT time. If DST is not in
542      * effect, this value is zero; otherwise it is a positive value,
543      * typically one hour.
544      * @param ec input-output error code
545      *
546      * @stable ICU 2.8
547      */
548     virtual void getOffset(UDate date, UBool local, int32_t& rawOffset,
549                            int32_t& dstOffset, UErrorCode& ec) const;
550 
551     /**
552      * Sets the TimeZone's raw GMT offset (i.e., the number of milliseconds to add
553      * to GMT to get local time, before taking daylight savings time into account).
554      *
555      * @param offsetMillis  The new raw GMT offset for this time zone.
556      * @stable ICU 2.0
557      */
558     virtual void setRawOffset(int32_t offsetMillis) = 0;
559 
560     /**
561      * Returns the TimeZone's raw GMT offset (i.e., the number of milliseconds to add
562      * to GMT to get local time, before taking daylight savings time into account).
563      *
564      * @return   The TimeZone's raw GMT offset.
565      * @stable ICU 2.0
566      */
567     virtual int32_t getRawOffset(void) const = 0;
568 
569     /**
570      * Fills in "ID" with the TimeZone's ID.
571      *
572      * @param ID  Receives this TimeZone's ID.
573      * @return    A reference to 'ID'
574      * @stable ICU 2.0
575      */
576     UnicodeString& getID(UnicodeString& ID) const;
577 
578     /**
579      * Sets the TimeZone's ID to the specified value.  This doesn't affect any other
580      * fields (for example, if you say<
581      * blockquote><pre>
582      * .     TimeZone* foo = TimeZone::createTimeZone("America/New_York");
583      * .     foo.setID("America/Los_Angeles");
584      * </pre>\htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
585      * the time zone's GMT offset and daylight-savings rules don't change to those for
586      * Los Angeles.  They're still those for New York.  Only the ID has changed.)
587      *
588      * @param ID  The new time zone ID.
589      * @stable ICU 2.0
590      */
591     void setID(const UnicodeString& ID);
592 
593     /**
594      * Enum for use with getDisplayName
595      * @stable ICU 2.4
596      */
597     enum EDisplayType {
598         /**
599          * Selector for short display name
600          * @stable ICU 2.4
601          */
602         SHORT = 1,
603         /**
604          * Selector for long display name
605          * @stable ICU 2.4
606          */
607         LONG,
608         /**
609          * Selector for short generic display name
610          * @stable ICU 4.4
611          */
612         SHORT_GENERIC,
613         /**
614          * Selector for long generic display name
615          * @stable ICU 4.4
616          */
617         LONG_GENERIC,
618         /**
619          * Selector for short display name derived
620          * from time zone offset
621          * @stable ICU 4.4
622          */
623         SHORT_GMT,
624         /**
625          * Selector for long display name derived
626          * from time zone offset
627          * @stable ICU 4.4
628          */
629         LONG_GMT,
630         /**
631          * Selector for short display name derived
632          * from the time zone's fallback name
633          * @stable ICU 4.4
634          */
635         SHORT_COMMONLY_USED,
636         /**
637          * Selector for long display name derived
638          * from the time zone's fallback name
639          * @stable ICU 4.4
640          */
641         GENERIC_LOCATION
642     };
643 
644     /**
645      * Returns a name of this time zone suitable for presentation to the user
646      * in the default locale.
647      * This method returns the long name, not including daylight savings.
648      * If the display name is not available for the locale,
649      * then this method returns a string in the localized GMT offset format
650      * such as <code>GMT[+-]HH:mm</code>.
651      * @param result the human-readable name of this time zone in the default locale.
652      * @return       A reference to 'result'.
653      * @stable ICU 2.0
654      */
655     UnicodeString& getDisplayName(UnicodeString& result) const;
656 
657     /**
658      * Returns a name of this time zone suitable for presentation to the user
659      * in the specified locale.
660      * This method returns the long name, not including daylight savings.
661      * If the display name is not available for the locale,
662      * then this method returns a string in the localized GMT offset format
663      * such as <code>GMT[+-]HH:mm</code>.
664      * @param locale the locale in which to supply the display name.
665      * @param result the human-readable name of this time zone in the given locale
666      *               or in the default locale if the given locale is not recognized.
667      * @return       A reference to 'result'.
668      * @stable ICU 2.0
669      */
670     UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale& locale, UnicodeString& result) const;
671 
672     /**
673      * Returns a name of this time zone suitable for presentation to the user
674      * in the default locale.
675      * If the display name is not available for the locale,
676      * then this method returns a string in the localized GMT offset format
677      * such as <code>GMT[+-]HH:mm</code>.
678      * @param inDaylight if true, return the daylight savings name.
679      * @param style
680      * @param result the human-readable name of this time zone in the default locale.
681      * @return       A reference to 'result'.
682      * @stable ICU 2.0
683      */
684     UnicodeString& getDisplayName(UBool inDaylight, EDisplayType style, UnicodeString& result) const;
685 
686     /**
687      * Returns a name of this time zone suitable for presentation to the user
688      * in the specified locale.
689      * If the display name is not available for the locale,
690      * then this method returns a string in the localized GMT offset format
691      * such as <code>GMT[+-]HH:mm</code>.
692      * @param inDaylight if true, return the daylight savings name.
693      * @param style
694      * @param locale the locale in which to supply the display name.
695      * @param result the human-readable name of this time zone in the given locale
696      *               or in the default locale if the given locale is not recognized.
697      * @return       A reference to 'result'.
698      * @stable ICU 2.0
699      */
700     UnicodeString& getDisplayName(UBool inDaylight, EDisplayType style, const Locale& locale, UnicodeString& result) const;
701 
702     /**
703      * Queries if this time zone uses daylight savings time.
704      * @return true if this time zone uses daylight savings time,
705      * false, otherwise.
706      * <p><strong>Note:</strong>The default implementation of
707      * ICU TimeZone uses the tz database, which supports historic
708      * rule changes, for system time zones. With the implementation,
709      * there are time zones that used daylight savings time in the
710      * past, but no longer used currently. For example, Asia/Tokyo has
711      * never used daylight savings time since 1951. Most clients would
712      * expect that this method to return <code>false</code> for such case.
713      * The default implementation of this method returns <code>true</code>
714      * when the time zone uses daylight savings time in the current
715      * (Gregorian) calendar year.
716      * <p>In Java 7, <code>observesDaylightTime()</code> was added in
717      * addition to <code>useDaylightTime()</code>. In Java, <code>useDaylightTime()</code>
718      * only checks if daylight saving time is observed by the last known
719      * rule. This specification might not be what most users would expect
720      * if daylight saving time is currently observed, but not scheduled
721      * in future. In this case, Java's <code>userDaylightTime()</code> returns
722      * <code>false</code>. To resolve the issue, Java 7 added <code>observesDaylightTime()</code>,
723      * which takes the current rule into account. The method <code>observesDaylightTime()</code>
724      * was added in ICU4J for supporting API signature compatibility with JDK.
725      * In general, ICU4C also provides JDK compatible methods, but the current
726      * implementation <code>userDaylightTime()</code> serves the purpose
727      * (takes the current rule into account), <code>observesDaylightTime()</code>
728      * is not added in ICU4C. In addition to <code>useDaylightTime()</code>, ICU4C
729      * <code>BasicTimeZone</code> class (Note that <code>TimeZone::createTimeZone(const UnicodeString &ID)</code>
730      * always returns a <code>BasicTimeZone</code>) provides a series of methods allowing
731      * historic and future time zone rule iteration, so you can check if daylight saving
732      * time is observed or not within a given period.
733      *
734      * @stable ICU 2.0
735      */
736     virtual UBool useDaylightTime(void) const = 0;
737 
738 #ifndef U_FORCE_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
739     /**
740      * Queries if the given date is in daylight savings time in
741      * this time zone.
742      * This method is wasteful since it creates a new GregorianCalendar and
743      * deletes it each time it is called. This is a deprecated method
744      * and provided only for Java compatibility.
745      *
746      * @param date the given UDate.
747      * @param status Output param filled in with success/error code.
748      * @return true if the given date is in daylight savings time,
749      * false, otherwise.
750      * @deprecated ICU 2.4. Use Calendar::inDaylightTime() instead.
751      */
752     virtual UBool inDaylightTime(UDate date, UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
753 #endif  // U_FORCE_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
754 
755     /**
756      * Returns true if this zone has the same rule and offset as another zone.
757      * That is, if this zone differs only in ID, if at all.
758      * @param other the <code>TimeZone</code> object to be compared with
759      * @return true if the given zone is the same as this one,
760      * with the possible exception of the ID
761      * @stable ICU 2.0
762      */
763     virtual UBool hasSameRules(const TimeZone& other) const;
764 
765     /**
766      * Clones TimeZone objects polymorphically. Clients are responsible for deleting
767      * the TimeZone object cloned.
768      *
769      * @return   A new copy of this TimeZone object.
770      * @stable ICU 2.0
771      */
772     virtual TimeZone* clone() const = 0;
773 
774     /**
775      * Return the class ID for this class.  This is useful only for
776      * comparing to a return value from getDynamicClassID().
777      * @return The class ID for all objects of this class.
778      * @stable ICU 2.0
779      */
780     static UClassID U_EXPORT2 getStaticClassID(void);
781 
782     /**
783      * Returns a unique class ID POLYMORPHICALLY. This method is to
784      * implement a simple version of RTTI, since not all C++ compilers support genuine
785      * RTTI. Polymorphic operator==() and clone() methods call this method.
786      * <P>
787      * Concrete subclasses of TimeZone must use the UOBJECT_DEFINE_RTTI_IMPLEMENTATION
788      *  macro from uobject.h in their implementation to provide correct RTTI information.
789      * @return   The class ID for this object. All objects of a given class have the
790      *           same class ID. Objects of other classes have different class IDs.
791      * @stable ICU 2.0
792      */
793     virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const = 0;
794 
795     /**
796      * Returns the amount of time to be added to local standard time
797      * to get local wall clock time.
798      * <p>
799      * The default implementation always returns 3600000 milliseconds
800      * (i.e., one hour) if this time zone observes Daylight Saving
801      * Time. Otherwise, 0 (zero) is returned.
802      * <p>
803      * If an underlying TimeZone implementation subclass supports
804      * historical Daylight Saving Time changes, this method returns
805      * the known latest daylight saving value.
806      *
807      * @return the amount of saving time in milliseconds
808      * @stable ICU 3.6
809      */
810     virtual int32_t getDSTSavings() const;
811 
812     /**
813      * Gets the region code associated with the given
814      * system time zone ID. The region code is either ISO 3166
815      * 2-letter country code or UN M.49 3-digit area code.
816      * When the time zone is not associated with a specific location,
817      * for example - "Etc/UTC", "EST5EDT", then this method returns
818      * "001" (UN M.49 area code for World).
819      *
820      * @param id            The system time zone ID.
821      * @param region        Output buffer for receiving the region code.
822      * @param capacity      The size of the output buffer.
823      * @param status        Receives the status.  When the given time zone ID
824      *                      is not a known system time zone ID,
825      *                      U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR is set.
826      * @return The length of the output region code.
827      * @stable ICU 4.8
828      */
829     static int32_t U_EXPORT2 getRegion(const UnicodeString& id,
830         char *region, int32_t capacity, UErrorCode& status);
831 
832 protected:
833 
834     /**
835      * Default constructor.  ID is initialized to the empty string.
836      * @stable ICU 2.0
837      */
838     TimeZone();
839 
840     /**
841      * Construct a TimeZone with a given ID.
842      * @param id a system time zone ID
843      * @stable ICU 2.0
844      */
845     TimeZone(const UnicodeString &id);
846 
847     /**
848      * Copy constructor.
849      * @param source the object to be copied.
850      * @stable ICU 2.0
851      */
852     TimeZone(const TimeZone& source);
853 
854     /**
855      * Default assignment operator.
856      * @param right the object to be copied.
857      * @stable ICU 2.0
858      */
859     TimeZone& operator=(const TimeZone& right);
860 
861 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
862     /**
863      * Utility function. For internally loading rule data.
864      * @param top Top resource bundle for tz data
865      * @param ruleid ID of rule to load
866      * @param oldbundle Old bundle to reuse or NULL
867      * @param status Status parameter
868      * @return either a new bundle or *oldbundle
869      * @internal
870      */
871     static UResourceBundle* loadRule(const UResourceBundle* top, const UnicodeString& ruleid, UResourceBundle* oldbundle, UErrorCode&status);
872 #endif  /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
873 
874 private:
875     friend class ZoneMeta;
876 
877 
878     static TimeZone*        createCustomTimeZone(const UnicodeString&); // Creates a time zone based on the string.
879 
880     /**
881      * Finds the given ID in the Olson tzdata. If the given ID is found in the tzdata,
882      * returns the pointer to the ID resource. This method is exposed through ZoneMeta class
883      * for ICU internal implementation and useful for building hashtable using a time zone
884      * ID as a key.
885      * @param id zone id string
886      * @return the pointer of the ID resource, or NULL.
887      */
888     static const char16_t* findID(const UnicodeString& id);
889 
890     /**
891      * Resolve a link in Olson tzdata.  When the given id is known and it's not a link,
892      * the id itself is returned.  When the given id is known and it is a link, then
893      * dereferenced zone id is returned.  When the given id is unknown, then it returns
894      * NULL.
895      * @param id zone id string
896      * @return the dereferenced zone or NULL
897      */
898     static const char16_t* dereferOlsonLink(const UnicodeString& id);
899 
900     /**
901      * Returns the region code associated with the given zone,
902      * or NULL if the zone is not known.
903      * @param id zone id string
904      * @return the region associated with the given zone
905      */
906     static const char16_t* getRegion(const UnicodeString& id);
907 
908   public:
909 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
910     /**
911      * Returns the region code associated with the given zone,
912      * or NULL if the zone is not known.
913      * @param id zone id string
914      * @param status Status parameter
915      * @return the region associated with the given zone
916      * @internal
917      */
918     static const char16_t* getRegion(const UnicodeString& id, UErrorCode& status);
919 #endif  /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
920 
921   private:
922     /**
923      * Parses the given custom time zone identifier
924      * @param id id A string of the form GMT[+-]hh:mm, GMT[+-]hhmm, or
925      * GMT[+-]hh.
926      * @param sign Receves parsed sign, 1 for positive, -1 for negative.
927      * @param hour Receives parsed hour field
928      * @param minute Receives parsed minute field
929      * @param second Receives parsed second field
930      * @return Returns true when the given custom id is valid.
931      */
932     static UBool parseCustomID(const UnicodeString& id, int32_t& sign, int32_t& hour,
933         int32_t& minute, int32_t& second);
934 
935     /**
936      * Parse a custom time zone identifier and return the normalized
937      * custom time zone identifier for the given custom id string.
938      * @param id a string of the form GMT[+-]hh:mm, GMT[+-]hhmm, or
939      * GMT[+-]hh.
940      * @param normalized Receives the normalized custom ID
941      * @param status Receives the status.  When the input ID string is invalid,
942      * U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR is set.
943      * @return The normalized custom id string.
944     */
945     static UnicodeString& getCustomID(const UnicodeString& id, UnicodeString& normalized,
946         UErrorCode& status);
947 
948     /**
949      * Returns the normalized custom time zone ID for the given offset fields.
950      * @param hour offset hours
951      * @param min offset minutes
952      * @param sec offset seconds
953      * @param negative sign of the offset, true for negative offset.
954      * @param id Receves the format result (normalized custom ID)
955      * @return The reference to id
956      */
957     static UnicodeString& formatCustomID(int32_t hour, int32_t min, int32_t sec,
958         UBool negative, UnicodeString& id);
959 
960     UnicodeString           fID;    // this time zone's ID
961 
962     friend class TZEnumeration;
963 };
964 
965 
966 // -------------------------------------
967 
968 inline UnicodeString&
getID(UnicodeString & ID)969 TimeZone::getID(UnicodeString& ID) const
970 {
971     ID = fID;
972     return ID;
973 }
974 
975 // -------------------------------------
976 
977 inline void
setID(const UnicodeString & ID)978 TimeZone::setID(const UnicodeString& ID)
979 {
980     fID = ID;
981 }
982 U_NAMESPACE_END
983 
984 #endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING */
985 
986 #endif /* U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API */
987 
988 #endif //_TIMEZONE
989 //eof
990