1:mod:`tkinter.ttk` --- Tk themed widgets 2======================================== 3 4.. module:: tkinter.ttk 5 :synopsis: Tk themed widget set 6 7.. sectionauthor:: Guilherme Polo <ggpolo@gmail.com> 8 9**Source code:** :source:`Lib/tkinter/ttk.py` 10 11.. index:: single: ttk 12 13-------------- 14 15The :mod:`tkinter.ttk` module provides access to the Tk themed widget set, 16introduced in Tk 8.5. If Python has not been compiled against Tk 8.5, this 17module can still be accessed if *Tile* has been installed. The former 18method using Tk 8.5 provides additional benefits including anti-aliased font 19rendering under X11 and window transparency (requiring a composition 20window manager on X11). 21 22The basic idea for :mod:`tkinter.ttk` is to separate, to the extent possible, 23the code implementing a widget's behavior from the code implementing its 24appearance. 25 26 27.. seealso:: 28 29 `Tk Widget Styling Support <https://core.tcl.tk/tips/doc/trunk/tip/48.md>`_ 30 A document introducing theming support for Tk 31 32 33Using Ttk 34--------- 35 36To start using Ttk, import its module:: 37 38 from tkinter import ttk 39 40To override the basic Tk widgets, the import should follow the Tk import:: 41 42 from tkinter import * 43 from tkinter.ttk import * 44 45That code causes several :mod:`tkinter.ttk` widgets (:class:`Button`, 46:class:`Checkbutton`, :class:`Entry`, :class:`Frame`, :class:`Label`, 47:class:`LabelFrame`, :class:`Menubutton`, :class:`PanedWindow`, 48:class:`Radiobutton`, :class:`Scale` and :class:`Scrollbar`) to 49automatically replace the Tk widgets. 50 51This has the direct benefit of using the new widgets which gives a better 52look and feel across platforms; however, the replacement widgets are not 53completely compatible. The main difference is that widget options such as 54"fg", "bg" and others related to widget styling are no 55longer present in Ttk widgets. Instead, use the :class:`ttk.Style` class 56for improved styling effects. 57 58 59.. seealso:: 60 61 `Converting existing applications to use Tile widgets <http://tktable.sourceforge.net/tile/doc/converting.txt>`_ 62 A monograph (using Tcl terminology) about differences typically 63 encountered when moving applications to use the new widgets. 64 65 66Ttk Widgets 67----------- 68 69Ttk comes with 18 widgets, twelve of which already existed in tkinter: 70:class:`Button`, :class:`Checkbutton`, :class:`Entry`, :class:`Frame`, 71:class:`Label`, :class:`LabelFrame`, :class:`Menubutton`, :class:`PanedWindow`, 72:class:`Radiobutton`, :class:`Scale`, :class:`Scrollbar`, and :class:`Spinbox`. 73The other six are new: :class:`Combobox`, :class:`Notebook`, 74:class:`Progressbar`, :class:`Separator`, :class:`Sizegrip` and 75:class:`Treeview`. And all them are subclasses of :class:`Widget`. 76 77Using the Ttk widgets gives the application an improved look and feel. 78As discussed above, there are differences in how the styling is coded. 79 80Tk code:: 81 82 l1 = tkinter.Label(text="Test", fg="black", bg="white") 83 l2 = tkinter.Label(text="Test", fg="black", bg="white") 84 85 86Ttk code:: 87 88 style = ttk.Style() 89 style.configure("BW.TLabel", foreground="black", background="white") 90 91 l1 = ttk.Label(text="Test", style="BW.TLabel") 92 l2 = ttk.Label(text="Test", style="BW.TLabel") 93 94For more information about TtkStyling_, see the :class:`Style` class 95documentation. 96 97Widget 98------ 99 100:class:`ttk.Widget` defines standard options and methods supported by Tk 101themed widgets and is not supposed to be directly instantiated. 102 103 104Standard Options 105^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 106 107All the :mod:`ttk` Widgets accepts the following options: 108 109 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 110 111 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 112 | Option | Description | 113 +===========+==============================================================+ 114 | class | Specifies the window class. The class is used when querying | 115 | | the option database for the window's other options, to | 116 | | determine the default bindtags for the window, and to select | 117 | | the widget's default layout and style. This option is | 118 | | read-only, and may only be specified when the window is | 119 | | created. | 120 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 121 | cursor | Specifies the mouse cursor to be used for the widget. If set | 122 | | to the empty string (the default), the cursor is inherited | 123 | | for the parent widget. | 124 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 125 | takefocus | Determines whether the window accepts the focus during | 126 | | keyboard traversal. 0, 1 or an empty string is returned. | 127 | | If 0 is returned, it means that the window should be skipped | 128 | | entirely during keyboard traversal. If 1, it means that the | 129 | | window should receive the input focus as long as it is | 130 | | viewable. And an empty string means that the traversal | 131 | | scripts make the decision about whether or not to focus | 132 | | on the window. | 133 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 134 | style | May be used to specify a custom widget style. | 135 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 136 137 138Scrollable Widget Options 139^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 140 141The following options are supported by widgets that are controlled by a 142scrollbar. 143 144 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 145 146 +----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 147 | Option | Description | 148 +================+=========================================================+ 149 | xscrollcommand | Used to communicate with horizontal scrollbars. | 150 | | | 151 | | When the view in the widget's window change, the widget | 152 | | will generate a Tcl command based on the scrollcommand. | 153 | | | 154 | | Usually this option consists of the method | 155 | | :meth:`Scrollbar.set` of some scrollbar. This will cause| 156 | | the scrollbar to be updated whenever the view in the | 157 | | window changes. | 158 +----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 159 | yscrollcommand | Used to communicate with vertical scrollbars. | 160 | | For some more information, see above. | 161 +----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 162 163 164Label Options 165^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 166 167The following options are supported by labels, buttons and other button-like 168widgets. 169 170 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|p{0.7\linewidth}| 171 172 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 173 | Option | Description | 174 +==============+===========================================================+ 175 | text | Specifies a text string to be displayed inside the widget.| 176 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 177 | textvariable | Specifies a name whose value will be used in place of the | 178 | | text option resource. | 179 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 180 | underline | If set, specifies the index (0-based) of a character to | 181 | | underline in the text string. The underline character is | 182 | | used for mnemonic activation. | 183 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 184 | image | Specifies an image to display. This is a list of 1 or more| 185 | | elements. The first element is the default image name. The| 186 | | rest of the list if a sequence of statespec/value pairs as| 187 | | defined by :meth:`Style.map`, specifying different images | 188 | | to use when the widget is in a particular state or a | 189 | | combination of states. All images in the list should have | 190 | | the same size. | 191 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 192 | compound | Specifies how to display the image relative to the text, | 193 | | in the case both text and images options are present. | 194 | | Valid values are: | 195 | | | 196 | | * text: display text only | 197 | | * image: display image only | 198 | | * top, bottom, left, right: display image above, below, | 199 | | left of, or right of the text, respectively. | 200 | | * none: the default. display the image if present, | 201 | | otherwise the text. | 202 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 203 | width | If greater than zero, specifies how much space, in | 204 | | character widths, to allocate for the text label, if less | 205 | | than zero, specifies a minimum width. If zero or | 206 | | unspecified, the natural width of the text label is used. | 207 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 208 209 210Compatibility Options 211^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 212 213 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 214 215 +--------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 216 | Option | Description | 217 +========+================================================================+ 218 | state | May be set to "normal" or "disabled" to control the "disabled" | 219 | | state bit. This is a write-only option: setting it changes the | 220 | | widget state, but the :meth:`Widget.state` method does not | 221 | | affect this option. | 222 +--------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 223 224Widget States 225^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 226 227The widget state is a bitmap of independent state flags. 228 229 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 230 231 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 232 | Flag | Description | 233 +============+=============================================================+ 234 | active | The mouse cursor is over the widget and pressing a mouse | 235 | | button will cause some action to occur | 236 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 237 | disabled | Widget is disabled under program control | 238 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 239 | focus | Widget has keyboard focus | 240 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 241 | pressed | Widget is being pressed | 242 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 243 | selected | "On", "true", or "current" for things like Checkbuttons and | 244 | | radiobuttons | 245 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 246 | background | Windows and Mac have a notion of an "active" or foreground | 247 | | window. The *background* state is set for widgets in a | 248 | | background window, and cleared for those in the foreground | 249 | | window | 250 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 251 | readonly | Widget should not allow user modification | 252 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 253 | alternate | A widget-specific alternate display format | 254 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 255 | invalid | The widget's value is invalid | 256 +------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+ 257 258A state specification is a sequence of state names, optionally prefixed with 259an exclamation point indicating that the bit is off. 260 261 262ttk.Widget 263^^^^^^^^^^ 264 265Besides the methods described below, the :class:`ttk.Widget` supports the 266methods :meth:`tkinter.Widget.cget` and :meth:`tkinter.Widget.configure`. 267 268.. class:: Widget 269 270 .. method:: identify(x, y) 271 272 Returns the name of the element at position *x* *y*, or the empty string 273 if the point does not lie within any element. 274 275 *x* and *y* are pixel coordinates relative to the widget. 276 277 278 .. method:: instate(statespec, callback=None, *args, **kw) 279 280 Test the widget's state. If a callback is not specified, returns ``True`` 281 if the widget state matches *statespec* and ``False`` otherwise. If callback 282 is specified then it is called with args if widget state matches 283 *statespec*. 284 285 286 .. method:: state(statespec=None) 287 288 Modify or inquire widget state. If *statespec* is specified, sets the 289 widget state according to it and return a new *statespec* indicating 290 which flags were changed. If *statespec* is not specified, returns 291 the currently-enabled state flags. 292 293 *statespec* will usually be a list or a tuple. 294 295 296Combobox 297-------- 298 299The :class:`ttk.Combobox` widget combines a text field with a pop-down list of 300values. This widget is a subclass of :class:`Entry`. 301 302Besides the methods inherited from :class:`Widget`: :meth:`Widget.cget`, 303:meth:`Widget.configure`, :meth:`Widget.identify`, :meth:`Widget.instate` 304and :meth:`Widget.state`, and the following inherited from :class:`Entry`: 305:meth:`Entry.bbox`, :meth:`Entry.delete`, :meth:`Entry.icursor`, 306:meth:`Entry.index`, :meth:`Entry.insert`, :meth:`Entry.selection`, 307:meth:`Entry.xview`, it has some other methods, described at 308:class:`ttk.Combobox`. 309 310 311Options 312^^^^^^^ 313 314This widget accepts the following specific options: 315 316 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 317 318 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 319 | Option | Description | 320 +=================+========================================================+ 321 | exportselection | Boolean value. If set, the widget selection is linked | 322 | | to the Window Manager selection (which can be returned | 323 | | by invoking Misc.selection_get, for example). | 324 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 325 | justify | Specifies how the text is aligned within the widget. | 326 | | One of "left", "center", or "right". | 327 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 328 | height | Specifies the height of the pop-down listbox, in rows. | 329 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 330 | postcommand | A script (possibly registered with Misc.register) that | 331 | | is called immediately before displaying the values. It | 332 | | may specify which values to display. | 333 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 334 | state | One of "normal", "readonly", or "disabled". In the | 335 | | "readonly" state, the value may not be edited directly,| 336 | | and the user can only selection of the values from the | 337 | | dropdown list. In the "normal" state, the text field is| 338 | | directly editable. In the "disabled" state, no | 339 | | interaction is possible. | 340 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 341 | textvariable | Specifies a name whose value is linked to the widget | 342 | | value. Whenever the value associated with that name | 343 | | changes, the widget value is updated, and vice versa. | 344 | | See :class:`tkinter.StringVar`. | 345 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 346 | values | Specifies the list of values to display in the | 347 | | drop-down listbox. | 348 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 349 | width | Specifies an integer value indicating the desired width| 350 | | of the entry window, in average-size characters of the | 351 | | widget's font. | 352 +-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 353 354 355Virtual events 356^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 357 358The combobox widgets generates a **<<ComboboxSelected>>** virtual event 359when the user selects an element from the list of values. 360 361 362ttk.Combobox 363^^^^^^^^^^^^ 364 365.. class:: Combobox 366 367 .. method:: current(newindex=None) 368 369 If *newindex* is specified, sets the combobox value to the element 370 position *newindex*. Otherwise, returns the index of the current value or 371 -1 if the current value is not in the values list. 372 373 374 .. method:: get() 375 376 Returns the current value of the combobox. 377 378 379 .. method:: set(value) 380 381 Sets the value of the combobox to *value*. 382 383 384Spinbox 385------- 386The :class:`ttk.Spinbox` widget is a :class:`ttk.Entry` enhanced with increment 387and decrement arrows. It can be used for numbers or lists of string values. 388This widget is a subclass of :class:`Entry`. 389 390Besides the methods inherited from :class:`Widget`: :meth:`Widget.cget`, 391:meth:`Widget.configure`, :meth:`Widget.identify`, :meth:`Widget.instate` 392and :meth:`Widget.state`, and the following inherited from :class:`Entry`: 393:meth:`Entry.bbox`, :meth:`Entry.delete`, :meth:`Entry.icursor`, 394:meth:`Entry.index`, :meth:`Entry.insert`, :meth:`Entry.xview`, 395it has some other methods, described at :class:`ttk.Spinbox`. 396 397Options 398^^^^^^^ 399 400This widget accepts the following specific options: 401 402 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 403 404+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 405| Option | Description | 406+======================+======================================================+ 407| from | Float value. If set, this is the minimum value to | 408| | which the decrement button will decrement. Must be | 409| | spelled as ``from_`` when used as an argument, since | 410| | ``from`` is a Python keyword. | 411+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 412| to | Float value. If set, this is the maximum value to | 413| | which the increment button will increment. | 414+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 415| increment | Float value. Specifies the amount which the | 416| | increment/decrement buttons change the | 417| | value. Defaults to 1.0. | 418+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 419| values | Sequence of string or float values. If specified, | 420| | the increment/decrement buttons will cycle through | 421| | the items in this sequence rather than incrementing | 422| | or decrementing numbers. | 423| | | 424+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 425| wrap | Boolean value. If ``True``, increment and decrement | 426| | buttons will cycle from the ``to`` value to the | 427| | ``from`` value or the ``from`` value to the ``to`` | 428| | value, respectively. | 429+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 430| format | String value. This specifies the format of numbers | 431| | set by the increment/decrement buttons. It must be | 432| | in the form "%W.Pf", where W is the padded width of | 433| | the value, P is the precision, and '%' and 'f' are | 434| | literal. | 435+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 436| command | Python callable. Will be called with no arguments | 437| | whenever either of the increment or decrement buttons| 438| | are pressed. | 439| | | 440+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 441 442 443Virtual events 444^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 445 446The spinbox widget generates an **<<Increment>>** virtual event when the 447user presses <Up>, and a **<<Decrement>>** virtual event when the user 448presses <Down>. 449 450ttk.Spinbox 451^^^^^^^^^^^^ 452 453.. class:: Spinbox 454 455 .. method:: get() 456 457 Returns the current value of the spinbox. 458 459 460 .. method:: set(value) 461 462 Sets the value of the spinbox to *value*. 463 464 465Notebook 466-------- 467 468Ttk Notebook widget manages a collection of windows and displays a single 469one at a time. Each child window is associated with a tab, which the user 470may select to change the currently-displayed window. 471 472 473Options 474^^^^^^^ 475 476This widget accepts the following specific options: 477 478 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 479 480 +---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 481 | Option | Description | 482 +=========+================================================================+ 483 | height | If present and greater than zero, specifies the desired height | 484 | | of the pane area (not including internal padding or tabs). | 485 | | Otherwise, the maximum height of all panes is used. | 486 +---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 487 | padding | Specifies the amount of extra space to add around the outside | 488 | | of the notebook. The padding is a list up to four length | 489 | | specifications left top right bottom. If fewer than four | 490 | | elements are specified, bottom defaults to top, right defaults | 491 | | to left, and top defaults to left. | 492 +---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 493 | width | If present and greater than zero, specified the desired width | 494 | | of the pane area (not including internal padding). Otherwise, | 495 | | the maximum width of all panes is used. | 496 +---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 497 498 499Tab Options 500^^^^^^^^^^^ 501 502There are also specific options for tabs: 503 504 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 505 506 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 507 | Option | Description | 508 +===========+==============================================================+ 509 | state | Either "normal", "disabled" or "hidden". If "disabled", then | 510 | | the tab is not selectable. If "hidden", then the tab is not | 511 | | shown. | 512 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 513 | sticky | Specifies how the child window is positioned within the pane | 514 | | area. Value is a string containing zero or more of the | 515 | | characters "n", "s", "e" or "w". Each letter refers to a | 516 | | side (north, south, east or west) that the child window will | 517 | | stick to, as per the :meth:`grid` geometry manager. | 518 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 519 | padding | Specifies the amount of extra space to add between the | 520 | | notebook and this pane. Syntax is the same as for the option | 521 | | padding used by this widget. | 522 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 523 | text | Specifies a text to be displayed in the tab. | 524 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 525 | image | Specifies an image to display in the tab. See the option | 526 | | image described in :class:`Widget`. | 527 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 528 | compound | Specifies how to display the image relative to the text, in | 529 | | the case both options text and image are present. See | 530 | | `Label Options`_ for legal values. | 531 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 532 | underline | Specifies the index (0-based) of a character to underline in | 533 | | the text string. The underlined character is used for | 534 | | mnemonic activation if :meth:`Notebook.enable_traversal` is | 535 | | called. | 536 +-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 537 538 539Tab Identifiers 540^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 541 542The tab_id present in several methods of :class:`ttk.Notebook` may take any 543of the following forms: 544 545* An integer between zero and the number of tabs 546* The name of a child window 547* A positional specification of the form "@x,y", which identifies the tab 548* The literal string "current", which identifies the currently-selected tab 549* The literal string "end", which returns the number of tabs (only valid for 550 :meth:`Notebook.index`) 551 552 553Virtual Events 554^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 555 556This widget generates a **<<NotebookTabChanged>>** virtual event after a new 557tab is selected. 558 559 560ttk.Notebook 561^^^^^^^^^^^^ 562 563.. class:: Notebook 564 565 .. method:: add(child, **kw) 566 567 Adds a new tab to the notebook. 568 569 If window is currently managed by the notebook but hidden, it is 570 restored to its previous position. 571 572 See `Tab Options`_ for the list of available options. 573 574 575 .. method:: forget(tab_id) 576 577 Removes the tab specified by *tab_id*, unmaps and unmanages the 578 associated window. 579 580 581 .. method:: hide(tab_id) 582 583 Hides the tab specified by *tab_id*. 584 585 The tab will not be displayed, but the associated window remains 586 managed by the notebook and its configuration remembered. Hidden tabs 587 may be restored with the :meth:`add` command. 588 589 590 .. method:: identify(x, y) 591 592 Returns the name of the tab element at position *x*, *y*, or the empty 593 string if none. 594 595 596 .. method:: index(tab_id) 597 598 Returns the numeric index of the tab specified by *tab_id*, or the total 599 number of tabs if *tab_id* is the string "end". 600 601 602 .. method:: insert(pos, child, **kw) 603 604 Inserts a pane at the specified position. 605 606 *pos* is either the string "end", an integer index, or the name of a 607 managed child. If *child* is already managed by the notebook, moves it to 608 the specified position. 609 610 See `Tab Options`_ for the list of available options. 611 612 613 .. method:: select(tab_id=None) 614 615 Selects the specified *tab_id*. 616 617 The associated child window will be displayed, and the 618 previously-selected window (if different) is unmapped. If *tab_id* is 619 omitted, returns the widget name of the currently selected pane. 620 621 622 .. method:: tab(tab_id, option=None, **kw) 623 624 Query or modify the options of the specific *tab_id*. 625 626 If *kw* is not given, returns a dictionary of the tab option values. If 627 *option* is specified, returns the value of that *option*. Otherwise, 628 sets the options to the corresponding values. 629 630 631 .. method:: tabs() 632 633 Returns a list of windows managed by the notebook. 634 635 636 .. method:: enable_traversal() 637 638 Enable keyboard traversal for a toplevel window containing this notebook. 639 640 This will extend the bindings for the toplevel window containing the 641 notebook as follows: 642 643 * :kbd:`Control-Tab`: selects the tab following the currently selected one. 644 * :kbd:`Shift-Control-Tab`: selects the tab preceding the currently selected one. 645 * :kbd:`Alt-K`: where *K* is the mnemonic (underlined) character of any tab, will 646 select that tab. 647 648 Multiple notebooks in a single toplevel may be enabled for traversal, 649 including nested notebooks. However, notebook traversal only works 650 properly if all panes have the notebook they are in as master. 651 652 653Progressbar 654----------- 655 656The :class:`ttk.Progressbar` widget shows the status of a long-running 657operation. It can operate in two modes: 1) the determinate mode which shows the 658amount completed relative to the total amount of work to be done and 2) the 659indeterminate mode which provides an animated display to let the user know that 660work is progressing. 661 662 663Options 664^^^^^^^ 665 666This widget accepts the following specific options: 667 668 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 669 670 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 671 | Option | Description | 672 +==========+===============================================================+ 673 | orient | One of "horizontal" or "vertical". Specifies the orientation | 674 | | of the progress bar. | 675 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 676 | length | Specifies the length of the long axis of the progress bar | 677 | | (width if horizontal, height if vertical). | 678 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 679 | mode | One of "determinate" or "indeterminate". | 680 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 681 | maximum | A number specifying the maximum value. Defaults to 100. | 682 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 683 | value | The current value of the progress bar. In "determinate" mode, | 684 | | this represents the amount of work completed. In | 685 | | "indeterminate" mode, it is interpreted as modulo *maximum*; | 686 | | that is, the progress bar completes one "cycle" when its value| 687 | | increases by *maximum*. | 688 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 689 | variable | A name which is linked to the option value. If specified, the | 690 | | value of the progress bar is automatically set to the value of| 691 | | this name whenever the latter is modified. | 692 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 693 | phase | Read-only option. The widget periodically increments the value| 694 | | of this option whenever its value is greater than 0 and, in | 695 | | determinate mode, less than maximum. This option may be used | 696 | | by the current theme to provide additional animation effects. | 697 +----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 698 699 700ttk.Progressbar 701^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 702 703.. class:: Progressbar 704 705 .. method:: start(interval=None) 706 707 Begin autoincrement mode: schedules a recurring timer event that calls 708 :meth:`Progressbar.step` every *interval* milliseconds. If omitted, 709 *interval* defaults to 50 milliseconds. 710 711 712 .. method:: step(amount=None) 713 714 Increments the progress bar's value by *amount*. 715 716 *amount* defaults to 1.0 if omitted. 717 718 719 .. method:: stop() 720 721 Stop autoincrement mode: cancels any recurring timer event initiated by 722 :meth:`Progressbar.start` for this progress bar. 723 724 725Separator 726--------- 727 728The :class:`ttk.Separator` widget displays a horizontal or vertical separator 729bar. 730 731It has no other methods besides the ones inherited from :class:`ttk.Widget`. 732 733 734Options 735^^^^^^^ 736 737This widget accepts the following specific option: 738 739 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 740 741 +--------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 742 | Option | Description | 743 +========+================================================================+ 744 | orient | One of "horizontal" or "vertical". Specifies the orientation of| 745 | | the separator. | 746 +--------+----------------------------------------------------------------+ 747 748 749Sizegrip 750-------- 751 752The :class:`ttk.Sizegrip` widget (also known as a grow box) allows the user to 753resize the containing toplevel window by pressing and dragging the grip. 754 755This widget has neither specific options nor specific methods, besides the 756ones inherited from :class:`ttk.Widget`. 757 758 759Platform-specific notes 760^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 761 762* On macOS, toplevel windows automatically include a built-in size grip 763 by default. Adding a :class:`Sizegrip` is harmless, since the built-in 764 grip will just mask the widget. 765 766 767Bugs 768^^^^ 769 770* If the containing toplevel's position was specified relative to the right 771 or bottom of the screen (e.g. ....), the :class:`Sizegrip` widget will 772 not resize the window. 773* This widget supports only "southeast" resizing. 774 775 776Treeview 777-------- 778 779The :class:`ttk.Treeview` widget displays a hierarchical collection of items. 780Each item has a textual label, an optional image, and an optional list of data 781values. The data values are displayed in successive columns after the tree 782label. 783 784The order in which data values are displayed may be controlled by setting 785the widget option ``displaycolumns``. The tree widget can also display column 786headings. Columns may be accessed by number or symbolic names listed in the 787widget option columns. See `Column Identifiers`_. 788 789Each item is identified by a unique name. The widget will generate item IDs 790if they are not supplied by the caller. There is a distinguished root item, 791named ``{}``. The root item itself is not displayed; its children appear at the 792top level of the hierarchy. 793 794Each item also has a list of tags, which can be used to associate event bindings 795with individual items and control the appearance of the item. 796 797The Treeview widget supports horizontal and vertical scrolling, according to 798the options described in `Scrollable Widget Options`_ and the methods 799:meth:`Treeview.xview` and :meth:`Treeview.yview`. 800 801 802Options 803^^^^^^^ 804 805This widget accepts the following specific options: 806 807 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|p{0.7\linewidth}| 808 809 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 810 | Option | Description | 811 +================+========================================================+ 812 | columns | A list of column identifiers, specifying the number of | 813 | | columns and their names. | 814 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 815 | displaycolumns | A list of column identifiers (either symbolic or | 816 | | integer indices) specifying which data columns are | 817 | | displayed and the order in which they appear, or the | 818 | | string "#all". | 819 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 820 | height | Specifies the number of rows which should be visible. | 821 | | Note: the requested width is determined from the sum | 822 | | of the column widths. | 823 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 824 | padding | Specifies the internal padding for the widget. The | 825 | | padding is a list of up to four length specifications. | 826 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 827 | selectmode | Controls how the built-in class bindings manage the | 828 | | selection. One of "extended", "browse" or "none". | 829 | | If set to "extended" (the default), multiple items may | 830 | | be selected. If "browse", only a single item will be | 831 | | selected at a time. If "none", the selection will not | 832 | | be changed. | 833 | | | 834 | | Note that the application code and tag bindings can set| 835 | | the selection however they wish, regardless of the | 836 | | value of this option. | 837 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 838 | show | A list containing zero or more of the following values,| 839 | | specifying which elements of the tree to display. | 840 | | | 841 | | * tree: display tree labels in column #0. | 842 | | * headings: display the heading row. | 843 | | | 844 | | The default is "tree headings", i.e., show all | 845 | | elements. | 846 | | | 847 | | **Note**: Column #0 always refers to the tree column, | 848 | | even if show="tree" is not specified. | 849 +----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 850 851 852Item Options 853^^^^^^^^^^^^ 854 855The following item options may be specified for items in the insert and item 856widget commands. 857 858 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 859 860 +--------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 861 | Option | Description | 862 +========+===============================================================+ 863 | text | The textual label to display for the item. | 864 +--------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 865 | image | A Tk Image, displayed to the left of the label. | 866 +--------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 867 | values | The list of values associated with the item. | 868 | | | 869 | | Each item should have the same number of values as the widget | 870 | | option columns. If there are fewer values than columns, the | 871 | | remaining values are assumed empty. If there are more values | 872 | | than columns, the extra values are ignored. | 873 +--------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 874 | open | ``True``/``False`` value indicating whether the item's | 875 | | children should be displayed or hidden. | 876 +--------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 877 | tags | A list of tags associated with this item. | 878 +--------+---------------------------------------------------------------+ 879 880 881Tag Options 882^^^^^^^^^^^ 883 884The following options may be specified on tags: 885 886 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 887 888 +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 889 | Option | Description | 890 +============+===========================================================+ 891 | foreground | Specifies the text foreground color. | 892 +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 893 | background | Specifies the cell or item background color. | 894 +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 895 | font | Specifies the font to use when drawing text. | 896 +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 897 | image | Specifies the item image, in case the item's image option | 898 | | is empty. | 899 +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 900 901 902Column Identifiers 903^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 904 905Column identifiers take any of the following forms: 906 907* A symbolic name from the list of columns option. 908* An integer n, specifying the nth data column. 909* A string of the form #n, where n is an integer, specifying the nth display 910 column. 911 912Notes: 913 914* Item's option values may be displayed in a different order than the order 915 in which they are stored. 916* Column #0 always refers to the tree column, even if show="tree" is not 917 specified. 918 919A data column number is an index into an item's option values list; a display 920column number is the column number in the tree where the values are displayed. 921Tree labels are displayed in column #0. If option displaycolumns is not set, 922then data column n is displayed in column #n+1. Again, **column #0 always 923refers to the tree column**. 924 925 926Virtual Events 927^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 928 929The Treeview widget generates the following virtual events. 930 931 .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L| 932 933 +--------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ 934 | Event | Description | 935 +====================+==================================================+ 936 | <<TreeviewSelect>> | Generated whenever the selection changes. | 937 +--------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ 938 | <<TreeviewOpen>> | Generated just before settings the focus item to | 939 | | open=True. | 940 +--------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ 941 | <<TreeviewClose>> | Generated just after setting the focus item to | 942 | | open=False. | 943 +--------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ 944 945The :meth:`Treeview.focus` and :meth:`Treeview.selection` methods can be used 946to determine the affected item or items. 947 948 949ttk.Treeview 950^^^^^^^^^^^^ 951 952.. class:: Treeview 953 954 .. method:: bbox(item, column=None) 955 956 Returns the bounding box (relative to the treeview widget's window) of 957 the specified *item* in the form (x, y, width, height). 958 959 If *column* is specified, returns the bounding box of that cell. If the 960 *item* is not visible (i.e., if it is a descendant of a closed item or is 961 scrolled offscreen), returns an empty string. 962 963 964 .. method:: get_children(item=None) 965 966 Returns the list of children belonging to *item*. 967 968 If *item* is not specified, returns root children. 969 970 971 .. method:: set_children(item, *newchildren) 972 973 Replaces *item*'s child with *newchildren*. 974 975 Children present in *item* that are not present in *newchildren* are 976 detached from the tree. No items in *newchildren* may be an ancestor of 977 *item*. Note that not specifying *newchildren* results in detaching 978 *item*'s children. 979 980 981 .. method:: column(column, option=None, **kw) 982 983 Query or modify the options for the specified *column*. 984 985 If *kw* is not given, returns a dict of the column option values. If 986 *option* is specified then the value for that *option* is returned. 987 Otherwise, sets the options to the corresponding values. 988 989 The valid options/values are: 990 991 * id 992 Returns the column name. This is a read-only option. 993 * anchor: One of the standard Tk anchor values. 994 Specifies how the text in this column should be aligned with respect 995 to the cell. 996 * minwidth: width 997 The minimum width of the column in pixels. The treeview widget will 998 not make the column any smaller than specified by this option when 999 the widget is resized or the user drags a column. 1000 * stretch: ``True``/``False`` 1001 Specifies whether the column's width should be adjusted when 1002 the widget is resized. 1003 * width: width 1004 The width of the column in pixels. 1005 1006 To configure the tree column, call this with column = "#0" 1007 1008 .. method:: delete(*items) 1009 1010 Delete all specified *items* and all their descendants. 1011 1012 The root item may not be deleted. 1013 1014 1015 .. method:: detach(*items) 1016 1017 Unlinks all of the specified *items* from the tree. 1018 1019 The items and all of their descendants are still present, and may be 1020 reinserted at another point in the tree, but will not be displayed. 1021 1022 The root item may not be detached. 1023 1024 1025 .. method:: exists(item) 1026 1027 Returns ``True`` if the specified *item* is present in the tree. 1028 1029 1030 .. method:: focus(item=None) 1031 1032 If *item* is specified, sets the focus item to *item*. Otherwise, returns 1033 the current focus item, or '' if there is none. 1034 1035 1036 .. method:: heading(column, option=None, **kw) 1037 1038 Query or modify the heading options for the specified *column*. 1039 1040 If *kw* is not given, returns a dict of the heading option values. If 1041 *option* is specified then the value for that *option* is returned. 1042 Otherwise, sets the options to the corresponding values. 1043 1044 The valid options/values are: 1045 1046 * text: text 1047 The text to display in the column heading. 1048 * image: imageName 1049 Specifies an image to display to the right of the column heading. 1050 * anchor: anchor 1051 Specifies how the heading text should be aligned. One of the standard 1052 Tk anchor values. 1053 * command: callback 1054 A callback to be invoked when the heading label is pressed. 1055 1056 To configure the tree column heading, call this with column = "#0". 1057 1058 1059 .. method:: identify(component, x, y) 1060 1061 Returns a description of the specified *component* under the point given 1062 by *x* and *y*, or the empty string if no such *component* is present at 1063 that position. 1064 1065 1066 .. method:: identify_row(y) 1067 1068 Returns the item ID of the item at position *y*. 1069 1070 1071 .. method:: identify_column(x) 1072 1073 Returns the data column identifier of the cell at position *x*. 1074 1075 The tree column has ID #0. 1076 1077 1078 .. method:: identify_region(x, y) 1079 1080 Returns one of: 1081 1082 +-----------+--------------------------------------+ 1083 | region | meaning | 1084 +===========+======================================+ 1085 | heading | Tree heading area. | 1086 +-----------+--------------------------------------+ 1087 | separator | Space between two columns headings. | 1088 +-----------+--------------------------------------+ 1089 | tree | The tree area. | 1090 +-----------+--------------------------------------+ 1091 | cell | A data cell. | 1092 +-----------+--------------------------------------+ 1093 1094 Availability: Tk 8.6. 1095 1096 1097 .. method:: identify_element(x, y) 1098 1099 Returns the element at position *x*, *y*. 1100 1101 Availability: Tk 8.6. 1102 1103 1104 .. method:: index(item) 1105 1106 Returns the integer index of *item* within its parent's list of children. 1107 1108 1109 .. method:: insert(parent, index, iid=None, **kw) 1110 1111 Creates a new item and returns the item identifier of the newly created 1112 item. 1113 1114 *parent* is the item ID of the parent item, or the empty string to create 1115 a new top-level item. *index* is an integer, or the value "end", 1116 specifying where in the list of parent's children to insert the new item. 1117 If *index* is less than or equal to zero, the new node is inserted at 1118 the beginning; if *index* is greater than or equal to the current number 1119 of children, it is inserted at the end. If *iid* is specified, it is used 1120 as the item identifier; *iid* must not already exist in the tree. 1121 Otherwise, a new unique identifier is generated. 1122 1123 See `Item Options`_ for the list of available points. 1124 1125 1126 .. method:: item(item, option=None, **kw) 1127 1128 Query or modify the options for the specified *item*. 1129 1130 If no options are given, a dict with options/values for the item is 1131 returned. 1132 If *option* is specified then the value for that option is returned. 1133 Otherwise, sets the options to the corresponding values as given by *kw*. 1134 1135 1136 .. method:: move(item, parent, index) 1137 1138 Moves *item* to position *index* in *parent*'s list of children. 1139 1140 It is illegal to move an item under one of its descendants. If *index* is 1141 less than or equal to zero, *item* is moved to the beginning; if greater 1142 than or equal to the number of children, it is moved to the end. If *item* 1143 was detached it is reattached. 1144 1145 1146 .. method:: next(item) 1147 1148 Returns the identifier of *item*'s next sibling, or '' if *item* is the 1149 last child of its parent. 1150 1151 1152 .. method:: parent(item) 1153 1154 Returns the ID of the parent of *item*, or '' if *item* is at the top 1155 level of the hierarchy. 1156 1157 1158 .. method:: prev(item) 1159 1160 Returns the identifier of *item*'s previous sibling, or '' if *item* is 1161 the first child of its parent. 1162 1163 1164 .. method:: reattach(item, parent, index) 1165 1166 An alias for :meth:`Treeview.move`. 1167 1168 1169 .. method:: see(item) 1170 1171 Ensure that *item* is visible. 1172 1173 Sets all of *item*'s ancestors open option to ``True``, and scrolls the 1174 widget if necessary so that *item* is within the visible portion of 1175 the tree. 1176 1177 1178 .. method:: selection() 1179 1180 Returns a tuple of selected items. 1181 1182 .. versionchanged:: 3.8 1183 ``selection()`` no longer takes arguments. For changing the selection 1184 state use the following selection methods. 1185 1186 1187 .. method:: selection_set(*items) 1188 1189 *items* becomes the new selection. 1190 1191 .. versionchanged:: 3.6 1192 *items* can be passed as separate arguments, not just as a single tuple. 1193 1194 1195 .. method:: selection_add(*items) 1196 1197 Add *items* to the selection. 1198 1199 .. versionchanged:: 3.6 1200 *items* can be passed as separate arguments, not just as a single tuple. 1201 1202 1203 .. method:: selection_remove(*items) 1204 1205 Remove *items* from the selection. 1206 1207 .. versionchanged:: 3.6 1208 *items* can be passed as separate arguments, not just as a single tuple. 1209 1210 1211 .. method:: selection_toggle(*items) 1212 1213 Toggle the selection state of each item in *items*. 1214 1215 .. versionchanged:: 3.6 1216 *items* can be passed as separate arguments, not just as a single tuple. 1217 1218 1219 .. method:: set(item, column=None, value=None) 1220 1221 With one argument, returns a dictionary of column/value pairs for the 1222 specified *item*. With two arguments, returns the current value of the 1223 specified *column*. With three arguments, sets the value of given 1224 *column* in given *item* to the specified *value*. 1225 1226 1227 .. method:: tag_bind(tagname, sequence=None, callback=None) 1228 1229 Bind a callback for the given event *sequence* to the tag *tagname*. 1230 When an event is delivered to an item, the callbacks for each of the 1231 item's tags option are called. 1232 1233 1234 .. method:: tag_configure(tagname, option=None, **kw) 1235 1236 Query or modify the options for the specified *tagname*. 1237 1238 If *kw* is not given, returns a dict of the option settings for 1239 *tagname*. If *option* is specified, returns the value for that *option* 1240 for the specified *tagname*. Otherwise, sets the options to the 1241 corresponding values for the given *tagname*. 1242 1243 1244 .. method:: tag_has(tagname, item=None) 1245 1246 If *item* is specified, returns 1 or 0 depending on whether the specified 1247 *item* has the given *tagname*. Otherwise, returns a list of all items 1248 that have the specified tag. 1249 1250 Availability: Tk 8.6 1251 1252 1253 .. method:: xview(*args) 1254 1255 Query or modify horizontal position of the treeview. 1256 1257 1258 .. method:: yview(*args) 1259 1260 Query or modify vertical position of the treeview. 1261 1262 1263.. _TtkStyling: 1264 1265Ttk Styling 1266----------- 1267 1268Each widget in :mod:`ttk` is assigned a style, which specifies the set of 1269elements making up the widget and how they are arranged, along with dynamic 1270and default settings for element options. By default the style name is the 1271same as the widget's class name, but it may be overridden by the widget's style 1272option. If you don't know the class name of a widget, use the method 1273:meth:`Misc.winfo_class` (somewidget.winfo_class()). 1274 1275.. seealso:: 1276 1277 `Tcl'2004 conference presentation <http://tktable.sourceforge.net/tile/tile-tcl2004.pdf>`_ 1278 This document explains how the theme engine works 1279 1280 1281.. class:: Style 1282 1283 This class is used to manipulate the style database. 1284 1285 1286 .. method:: configure(style, query_opt=None, **kw) 1287 1288 Query or set the default value of the specified option(s) in *style*. 1289 1290 Each key in *kw* is an option and each value is a string identifying 1291 the value for that option. 1292 1293 For example, to change every default button to be a flat button with 1294 some padding and a different background color:: 1295 1296 from tkinter import ttk 1297 import tkinter 1298 1299 root = tkinter.Tk() 1300 1301 ttk.Style().configure("TButton", padding=6, relief="flat", 1302 background="#ccc") 1303 1304 btn = ttk.Button(text="Sample") 1305 btn.pack() 1306 1307 root.mainloop() 1308 1309 1310 .. method:: map(style, query_opt=None, **kw) 1311 1312 Query or sets dynamic values of the specified option(s) in *style*. 1313 1314 Each key in *kw* is an option and each value should be a list or a 1315 tuple (usually) containing statespecs grouped in tuples, lists, or 1316 some other preference. A statespec is a compound of one 1317 or more states and then a value. 1318 1319 An example may make it more understandable:: 1320 1321 import tkinter 1322 from tkinter import ttk 1323 1324 root = tkinter.Tk() 1325 1326 style = ttk.Style() 1327 style.map("C.TButton", 1328 foreground=[('pressed', 'red'), ('active', 'blue')], 1329 background=[('pressed', '!disabled', 'black'), ('active', 'white')] 1330 ) 1331 1332 colored_btn = ttk.Button(text="Test", style="C.TButton").pack() 1333 1334 root.mainloop() 1335 1336 1337 Note that the order of the (states, value) sequences for an option does 1338 matter, if the order is changed to ``[('active', 'blue'), ('pressed', 1339 'red')]`` in the foreground option, for example, the result would be a 1340 blue foreground when the widget were in active or pressed states. 1341 1342 1343 .. method:: lookup(style, option, state=None, default=None) 1344 1345 Returns the value specified for *option* in *style*. 1346 1347 If *state* is specified, it is expected to be a sequence of one or more 1348 states. If the *default* argument is set, it is used as a fallback value 1349 in case no specification for option is found. 1350 1351 To check what font a Button uses by default:: 1352 1353 from tkinter import ttk 1354 1355 print(ttk.Style().lookup("TButton", "font")) 1356 1357 1358 .. method:: layout(style, layoutspec=None) 1359 1360 Define the widget layout for given *style*. If *layoutspec* is omitted, 1361 return the layout specification for given style. 1362 1363 *layoutspec*, if specified, is expected to be a list or some other 1364 sequence type (excluding strings), where each item should be a tuple and 1365 the first item is the layout name and the second item should have the 1366 format described in `Layouts`_. 1367 1368 To understand the format, see the following example (it is not 1369 intended to do anything useful):: 1370 1371 from tkinter import ttk 1372 import tkinter 1373 1374 root = tkinter.Tk() 1375 1376 style = ttk.Style() 1377 style.layout("TMenubutton", [ 1378 ("Menubutton.background", None), 1379 ("Menubutton.button", {"children": 1380 [("Menubutton.focus", {"children": 1381 [("Menubutton.padding", {"children": 1382 [("Menubutton.label", {"side": "left", "expand": 1})] 1383 })] 1384 })] 1385 }), 1386 ]) 1387 1388 mbtn = ttk.Menubutton(text='Text') 1389 mbtn.pack() 1390 root.mainloop() 1391 1392 1393 .. method:: element_create(elementname, etype, *args, **kw) 1394 1395 Create a new element in the current theme, of the given *etype* which is 1396 expected to be either "image", "from" or "vsapi". The latter is only 1397 available in Tk 8.6a for Windows XP and Vista and is not described here. 1398 1399 If "image" is used, *args* should contain the default image name followed 1400 by statespec/value pairs (this is the imagespec), and *kw* may have the 1401 following options: 1402 1403 * border=padding 1404 padding is a list of up to four integers, specifying the left, top, 1405 right, and bottom borders, respectively. 1406 1407 * height=height 1408 Specifies a minimum height for the element. If less than zero, the 1409 base image's height is used as a default. 1410 1411 * padding=padding 1412 Specifies the element's interior padding. Defaults to border's value 1413 if not specified. 1414 1415 * sticky=spec 1416 Specifies how the image is placed within the final parcel. spec 1417 contains zero or more characters "n", "s", "w", or "e". 1418 1419 * width=width 1420 Specifies a minimum width for the element. If less than zero, the 1421 base image's width is used as a default. 1422 1423 If "from" is used as the value of *etype*, 1424 :meth:`element_create` will clone an existing 1425 element. *args* is expected to contain a themename, from which 1426 the element will be cloned, and optionally an element to clone from. 1427 If this element to clone from is not specified, an empty element will 1428 be used. *kw* is discarded. 1429 1430 1431 .. method:: element_names() 1432 1433 Returns the list of elements defined in the current theme. 1434 1435 1436 .. method:: element_options(elementname) 1437 1438 Returns the list of *elementname*'s options. 1439 1440 1441 .. method:: theme_create(themename, parent=None, settings=None) 1442 1443 Create a new theme. 1444 1445 It is an error if *themename* already exists. If *parent* is specified, 1446 the new theme will inherit styles, elements and layouts from the parent 1447 theme. If *settings* are present they are expected to have the same 1448 syntax used for :meth:`theme_settings`. 1449 1450 1451 .. method:: theme_settings(themename, settings) 1452 1453 Temporarily sets the current theme to *themename*, apply specified 1454 *settings* and then restore the previous theme. 1455 1456 Each key in *settings* is a style and each value may contain the keys 1457 'configure', 'map', 'layout' and 'element create' and they are expected 1458 to have the same format as specified by the methods 1459 :meth:`Style.configure`, :meth:`Style.map`, :meth:`Style.layout` and 1460 :meth:`Style.element_create` respectively. 1461 1462 As an example, let's change the Combobox for the default theme a bit:: 1463 1464 from tkinter import ttk 1465 import tkinter 1466 1467 root = tkinter.Tk() 1468 1469 style = ttk.Style() 1470 style.theme_settings("default", { 1471 "TCombobox": { 1472 "configure": {"padding": 5}, 1473 "map": { 1474 "background": [("active", "green2"), 1475 ("!disabled", "green4")], 1476 "fieldbackground": [("!disabled", "green3")], 1477 "foreground": [("focus", "OliveDrab1"), 1478 ("!disabled", "OliveDrab2")] 1479 } 1480 } 1481 }) 1482 1483 combo = ttk.Combobox().pack() 1484 1485 root.mainloop() 1486 1487 1488 .. method:: theme_names() 1489 1490 Returns a list of all known themes. 1491 1492 1493 .. method:: theme_use(themename=None) 1494 1495 If *themename* is not given, returns the theme in use. Otherwise, sets 1496 the current theme to *themename*, refreshes all widgets and emits a 1497 <<ThemeChanged>> event. 1498 1499 1500Layouts 1501^^^^^^^ 1502 1503A layout can be just ``None``, if it takes no options, or a dict of 1504options specifying how to arrange the element. The layout mechanism 1505uses a simplified version of the pack geometry manager: given an 1506initial cavity, each element is allocated a parcel. Valid 1507options/values are: 1508 1509 * side: whichside 1510 Specifies which side of the cavity to place the element; one of 1511 top, right, bottom or left. If omitted, the element occupies the 1512 entire cavity. 1513 1514 * sticky: nswe 1515 Specifies where the element is placed inside its allocated parcel. 1516 1517 * unit: 0 or 1 1518 If set to 1, causes the element and all of its descendants to be treated as 1519 a single element for the purposes of :meth:`Widget.identify` et al. It's 1520 used for things like scrollbar thumbs with grips. 1521 1522 * children: [sublayout... ] 1523 Specifies a list of elements to place inside the element. Each 1524 element is a tuple (or other sequence type) where the first item is 1525 the layout name, and the other is a `Layout`_. 1526 1527.. _Layout: `Layouts`_ 1528