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1#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2# Parser for ASDL [1] definition files. Reads in an ASDL description and parses
3# it into an AST that describes it.
4#
5# The EBNF we're parsing here: Figure 1 of the paper [1]. Extended to support
6# modules and attributes after a product. Words starting with Capital letters
7# are terminals. Literal tokens are in "double quotes". Others are
8# non-terminals. Id is either TokenId or ConstructorId.
9#
10# module        ::= "module" Id "{" [definitions] "}"
11# definitions   ::= { TypeId "=" type }
12# type          ::= product | sum
13# product       ::= fields ["attributes" fields]
14# fields        ::= "(" { field, "," } field ")"
15# field         ::= TypeId ["?" | "*"] [Id]
16# sum           ::= constructor { "|" constructor } ["attributes" fields]
17# constructor   ::= ConstructorId [fields]
18#
19# [1] "The Zephyr Abstract Syntax Description Language" by Wang, et. al. See
20#     http://asdl.sourceforge.net/
21#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22from collections import namedtuple
23import re
24
25__all__ = [
26    'builtin_types', 'parse', 'AST', 'Module', 'Type', 'Constructor',
27    'Field', 'Sum', 'Product', 'VisitorBase', 'Check', 'check']
28
29# The following classes define nodes into which the ASDL description is parsed.
30# Note: this is a "meta-AST". ASDL files (such as Python.asdl) describe the AST
31# structure used by a programming language. But ASDL files themselves need to be
32# parsed. This module parses ASDL files and uses a simple AST to represent them.
33# See the EBNF at the top of the file to understand the logical connection
34# between the various node types.
35
36builtin_types = {'identifier', 'string', 'int', 'constant'}
37
38class AST:
39    def __repr__(self):
40        raise NotImplementedError
41
42class Module(AST):
43    def __init__(self, name, dfns):
44        self.name = name
45        self.dfns = dfns
46        self.types = {type.name: type.value for type in dfns}
47
48    def __repr__(self):
49        return 'Module({0.name}, {0.dfns})'.format(self)
50
51class Type(AST):
52    def __init__(self, name, value):
53        self.name = name
54        self.value = value
55
56    def __repr__(self):
57        return 'Type({0.name}, {0.value})'.format(self)
58
59class Constructor(AST):
60    def __init__(self, name, fields=None):
61        self.name = name
62        self.fields = fields or []
63
64    def __repr__(self):
65        return 'Constructor({0.name}, {0.fields})'.format(self)
66
67class Field(AST):
68    def __init__(self, type, name=None, seq=False, opt=False):
69        self.type = type
70        self.name = name
71        self.seq = seq
72        self.opt = opt
73
74    def __str__(self):
75        if self.seq:
76            extra = "*"
77        elif self.opt:
78            extra = "?"
79        else:
80            extra = ""
81
82        return "{}{} {}".format(self.type, extra, self.name)
83
84    def __repr__(self):
85        if self.seq:
86            extra = ", seq=True"
87        elif self.opt:
88            extra = ", opt=True"
89        else:
90            extra = ""
91        if self.name is None:
92            return 'Field({0.type}{1})'.format(self, extra)
93        else:
94            return 'Field({0.type}, {0.name}{1})'.format(self, extra)
95
96class Sum(AST):
97    def __init__(self, types, attributes=None):
98        self.types = types
99        self.attributes = attributes or []
100
101    def __repr__(self):
102        if self.attributes:
103            return 'Sum({0.types}, {0.attributes})'.format(self)
104        else:
105            return 'Sum({0.types})'.format(self)
106
107class Product(AST):
108    def __init__(self, fields, attributes=None):
109        self.fields = fields
110        self.attributes = attributes or []
111
112    def __repr__(self):
113        if self.attributes:
114            return 'Product({0.fields}, {0.attributes})'.format(self)
115        else:
116            return 'Product({0.fields})'.format(self)
117
118# A generic visitor for the meta-AST that describes ASDL. This can be used by
119# emitters. Note that this visitor does not provide a generic visit method, so a
120# subclass needs to define visit methods from visitModule to as deep as the
121# interesting node.
122# We also define a Check visitor that makes sure the parsed ASDL is well-formed.
123
124class VisitorBase(object):
125    """Generic tree visitor for ASTs."""
126    def __init__(self):
127        self.cache = {}
128
129    def visit(self, obj, *args):
130        klass = obj.__class__
131        meth = self.cache.get(klass)
132        if meth is None:
133            methname = "visit" + klass.__name__
134            meth = getattr(self, methname, None)
135            self.cache[klass] = meth
136        if meth:
137            try:
138                meth(obj, *args)
139            except Exception as e:
140                print("Error visiting %r: %s" % (obj, e))
141                raise
142
143class Check(VisitorBase):
144    """A visitor that checks a parsed ASDL tree for correctness.
145
146    Errors are printed and accumulated.
147    """
148    def __init__(self):
149        super(Check, self).__init__()
150        self.cons = {}
151        self.errors = 0
152        self.types = {}
153
154    def visitModule(self, mod):
155        for dfn in mod.dfns:
156            self.visit(dfn)
157
158    def visitType(self, type):
159        self.visit(type.value, str(type.name))
160
161    def visitSum(self, sum, name):
162        for t in sum.types:
163            self.visit(t, name)
164
165    def visitConstructor(self, cons, name):
166        key = str(cons.name)
167        conflict = self.cons.get(key)
168        if conflict is None:
169            self.cons[key] = name
170        else:
171            print('Redefinition of constructor {}'.format(key))
172            print('Defined in {} and {}'.format(conflict, name))
173            self.errors += 1
174        for f in cons.fields:
175            self.visit(f, key)
176
177    def visitField(self, field, name):
178        key = str(field.type)
179        l = self.types.setdefault(key, [])
180        l.append(name)
181
182    def visitProduct(self, prod, name):
183        for f in prod.fields:
184            self.visit(f, name)
185
186def check(mod):
187    """Check the parsed ASDL tree for correctness.
188
189    Return True if success. For failure, the errors are printed out and False
190    is returned.
191    """
192    v = Check()
193    v.visit(mod)
194
195    for t in v.types:
196        if t not in mod.types and not t in builtin_types:
197            v.errors += 1
198            uses = ", ".join(v.types[t])
199            print('Undefined type {}, used in {}'.format(t, uses))
200    return not v.errors
201
202# The ASDL parser itself comes next. The only interesting external interface
203# here is the top-level parse function.
204
205def parse(filename):
206    """Parse ASDL from the given file and return a Module node describing it."""
207    with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as f:
208        parser = ASDLParser()
209        return parser.parse(f.read())
210
211# Types for describing tokens in an ASDL specification.
212class TokenKind:
213    """TokenKind is provides a scope for enumerated token kinds."""
214    (ConstructorId, TypeId, Equals, Comma, Question, Pipe, Asterisk,
215     LParen, RParen, LBrace, RBrace) = range(11)
216
217    operator_table = {
218        '=': Equals, ',': Comma,    '?': Question, '|': Pipe,    '(': LParen,
219        ')': RParen, '*': Asterisk, '{': LBrace,   '}': RBrace}
220
221Token = namedtuple('Token', 'kind value lineno')
222
223class ASDLSyntaxError(Exception):
224    def __init__(self, msg, lineno=None):
225        self.msg = msg
226        self.lineno = lineno or '<unknown>'
227
228    def __str__(self):
229        return 'Syntax error on line {0.lineno}: {0.msg}'.format(self)
230
231def tokenize_asdl(buf):
232    """Tokenize the given buffer. Yield Token objects."""
233    for lineno, line in enumerate(buf.splitlines(), 1):
234        for m in re.finditer(r'\s*(\w+|--.*|.)', line.strip()):
235            c = m.group(1)
236            if c[0].isalpha():
237                # Some kind of identifier
238                if c[0].isupper():
239                    yield Token(TokenKind.ConstructorId, c, lineno)
240                else:
241                    yield Token(TokenKind.TypeId, c, lineno)
242            elif c[:2] == '--':
243                # Comment
244                break
245            else:
246                # Operators
247                try:
248                    op_kind = TokenKind.operator_table[c]
249                except KeyError:
250                    raise ASDLSyntaxError('Invalid operator %s' % c, lineno)
251                yield Token(op_kind, c, lineno)
252
253class ASDLParser:
254    """Parser for ASDL files.
255
256    Create, then call the parse method on a buffer containing ASDL.
257    This is a simple recursive descent parser that uses tokenize_asdl for the
258    lexing.
259    """
260    def __init__(self):
261        self._tokenizer = None
262        self.cur_token = None
263
264    def parse(self, buf):
265        """Parse the ASDL in the buffer and return an AST with a Module root.
266        """
267        self._tokenizer = tokenize_asdl(buf)
268        self._advance()
269        return self._parse_module()
270
271    def _parse_module(self):
272        if self._at_keyword('module'):
273            self._advance()
274        else:
275            raise ASDLSyntaxError(
276                'Expected "module" (found {})'.format(self.cur_token.value),
277                self.cur_token.lineno)
278        name = self._match(self._id_kinds)
279        self._match(TokenKind.LBrace)
280        defs = self._parse_definitions()
281        self._match(TokenKind.RBrace)
282        return Module(name, defs)
283
284    def _parse_definitions(self):
285        defs = []
286        while self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.TypeId:
287            typename = self._advance()
288            self._match(TokenKind.Equals)
289            type = self._parse_type()
290            defs.append(Type(typename, type))
291        return defs
292
293    def _parse_type(self):
294        if self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.LParen:
295            # If we see a (, it's a product
296            return self._parse_product()
297        else:
298            # Otherwise it's a sum. Look for ConstructorId
299            sumlist = [Constructor(self._match(TokenKind.ConstructorId),
300                                   self._parse_optional_fields())]
301            while self.cur_token.kind  == TokenKind.Pipe:
302                # More constructors
303                self._advance()
304                sumlist.append(Constructor(
305                                self._match(TokenKind.ConstructorId),
306                                self._parse_optional_fields()))
307            return Sum(sumlist, self._parse_optional_attributes())
308
309    def _parse_product(self):
310        return Product(self._parse_fields(), self._parse_optional_attributes())
311
312    def _parse_fields(self):
313        fields = []
314        self._match(TokenKind.LParen)
315        while self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.TypeId:
316            typename = self._advance()
317            is_seq, is_opt = self._parse_optional_field_quantifier()
318            id = (self._advance() if self.cur_token.kind in self._id_kinds
319                                  else None)
320            fields.append(Field(typename, id, seq=is_seq, opt=is_opt))
321            if self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.RParen:
322                break
323            elif self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.Comma:
324                self._advance()
325        self._match(TokenKind.RParen)
326        return fields
327
328    def _parse_optional_fields(self):
329        if self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.LParen:
330            return self._parse_fields()
331        else:
332            return None
333
334    def _parse_optional_attributes(self):
335        if self._at_keyword('attributes'):
336            self._advance()
337            return self._parse_fields()
338        else:
339            return None
340
341    def _parse_optional_field_quantifier(self):
342        is_seq, is_opt = False, False
343        if self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.Asterisk:
344            is_seq = True
345            self._advance()
346        elif self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.Question:
347            is_opt = True
348            self._advance()
349        return is_seq, is_opt
350
351    def _advance(self):
352        """ Return the value of the current token and read the next one into
353            self.cur_token.
354        """
355        cur_val = None if self.cur_token is None else self.cur_token.value
356        try:
357            self.cur_token = next(self._tokenizer)
358        except StopIteration:
359            self.cur_token = None
360        return cur_val
361
362    _id_kinds = (TokenKind.ConstructorId, TokenKind.TypeId)
363
364    def _match(self, kind):
365        """The 'match' primitive of RD parsers.
366
367        * Verifies that the current token is of the given kind (kind can
368          be a tuple, in which the kind must match one of its members).
369        * Returns the value of the current token
370        * Reads in the next token
371        """
372        if (isinstance(kind, tuple) and self.cur_token.kind in kind or
373            self.cur_token.kind == kind
374            ):
375            value = self.cur_token.value
376            self._advance()
377            return value
378        else:
379            raise ASDLSyntaxError(
380                'Unmatched {} (found {})'.format(kind, self.cur_token.kind),
381                self.cur_token.lineno)
382
383    def _at_keyword(self, keyword):
384        return (self.cur_token.kind == TokenKind.TypeId and
385                self.cur_token.value == keyword)
386