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...message])</code></a></li> 153<li><a href="#console_console_clear"><code>console.clear()</code></a></li> 154<li><a href="#console_console_count_label"><code>console.count([label])</code></a></li> 155<li><a href="#console_console_countreset_label"><code>console.countReset([label])</code></a></li> 156<li><a href="#console_console_debug_data_args"><code>console.debug(data[, ...args])</code></a></li> 157<li><a href="#console_console_dir_obj_options"><code>console.dir(obj[, options])</code></a></li> 158<li><a href="#console_console_dirxml_data"><code>console.dirxml(...data)</code></a></li> 159<li><a href="#console_console_error_data_args"><code>console.error([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 160<li><a href="#console_console_group_label"><code>console.group([...label])</code></a></li> 161<li><a href="#console_console_groupcollapsed"><code>console.groupCollapsed()</code></a></li> 162<li><a href="#console_console_groupend"><code>console.groupEnd()</code></a></li> 163<li><a href="#console_console_info_data_args"><code>console.info([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 164<li><a href="#console_console_log_data_args"><code>console.log([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 165<li><a href="#console_console_table_tabulardata_properties"><code>console.table(tabularData[, properties])</code></a></li> 166<li><a href="#console_console_time_label"><code>console.time([label])</code></a></li> 167<li><a href="#console_console_timeend_label"><code>console.timeEnd([label])</code></a></li> 168<li><a href="#console_console_timelog_label_data"><code>console.timeLog([label][, ...data])</code></a></li> 169<li><a href="#console_console_trace_message_args"><code>console.trace([message][, ...args])</code></a></li> 170<li><a href="#console_console_warn_data_args"><code>console.warn([data][, ...args])</code></a></li> 171</ul> 172</li> 173<li><a href="#console_inspector_only_methods">Inspector only methods</a> 174<ul> 175<li><a href="#console_console_profile_label"><code>console.profile([label])</code></a></li> 176<li><a href="#console_console_profileend_label"><code>console.profileEnd([label])</code></a></li> 177<li><a href="#console_console_timestamp_label"><code>console.timeStamp([label])</code></a></li> 178</ul> 179</li> 180</ul> 181</li> 182</ul></details> 183 184 <div id="apicontent"> 185 <h2>Console<span><a class="mark" href="#console_console" id="console_console">#</a></span></h2> 186 187<p></p><div class="api_stability api_stability_2"><a href="documentation.html#documentation_stability_index">Stability: 2</a> - Stable</div><p></p> 188<p><strong>Source Code:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v14.21.2/lib/console.js">lib/console.js</a></p> 189<p>The <code>console</code> module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the 190JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.</p> 191<p>The module exports two specific components:</p> 192<ul> 193<li>A <code>Console</code> class with methods such as <code>console.log()</code>, <code>console.error()</code> and 194<code>console.warn()</code> that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.</li> 195<li>A global <code>console</code> instance configured to write to <a href="process.html#process_process_stdout"><code>process.stdout</code></a> and 196<a href="process.html#process_process_stderr"><code>process.stderr</code></a>. The global <code>console</code> can be used without calling 197<code>require('console')</code>.</li> 198</ul> 199<p><em><strong>Warning</strong></em>: The global console object's methods are neither consistently 200synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently 201asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the <a href="process.html#process_a_note_on_process_i_o">note on process I/O</a> for 202more information.</p> 203<p>Example using the global <code>console</code>:</p> 204<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world'</span>); 205<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to stdout</span> 206<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello %s'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'world'</span>); 207<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to stdout</span> 208<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Whoops, something bad happened'</span>)); 209<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:</span> 210<span class="hljs-comment">// Error: Whoops, something bad happened</span> 211<span class="hljs-comment">// at [eval]:5:15</span> 212<span class="hljs-comment">// at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)</span> 213<span class="hljs-comment">// at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)</span> 214<span class="hljs-comment">// at node:internal/process/execution:77:19</span> 215<span class="hljs-comment">// at [eval]-wrapper:6:22</span> 216<span class="hljs-comment">// at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)</span> 217<span class="hljs-comment">// at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3</span> 218 219<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> name = <span class="hljs-string">'Will Robinson'</span>; 220<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">warn</span>(<span class="hljs-string">`Danger <span class="hljs-subst">${name}</span>! Danger!`</span>); 221<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr</span></code></pre> 222<p>Example using the <code>Console</code> class:</p> 223<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> out = <span class="hljs-title function_">getStreamSomehow</span>(); 224<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> err = <span class="hljs-title function_">getStreamSomehow</span>(); 225<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> myConsole = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span>(out, err); 226 227myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world'</span>); 228<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to out</span> 229myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello %s'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'world'</span>); 230<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: hello world, to out</span> 231myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Whoops, something bad happened'</span>)); 232<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err</span> 233 234<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> name = <span class="hljs-string">'Will Robinson'</span>; 235myConsole.<span class="hljs-title function_">warn</span>(<span class="hljs-string">`Danger <span class="hljs-subst">${name}</span>! Danger!`</span>); 236<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err</span></code></pre> 237<section><h3>Class: <code>Console</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_class_console" id="console_class_console">#</a></span></h3> 238<div class="api_metadata"> 239<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 240<table> 241<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 242<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 243<td><p>Errors that occur while writing to the underlying streams will now be ignored by default.</p></td></tr> 244</tbody></table> 245</details> 246</div> 247 248<p>The <code>Console</code> class can be used to create a simple logger with configurable 249output streams and can be accessed using either <code>require('console').Console</code> 250or <code>console.Console</code> (or their destructured counterparts):</p> 251<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span> } = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'console'</span>);</code></pre> 252<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span> } = <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>;</code></pre> 253<h4><code>new Console(stdout[, stderr][, ignoreErrors])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_new_console_stdout_stderr_ignoreerrors" id="console_new_console_stdout_stderr_ignoreerrors">#</a></span></h4> 254<h4><code>new Console(options)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_new_console_options" id="console_new_console_options">#</a></span></h4> 255<div class="api_metadata"> 256<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 257<table> 258<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 259<tr><td>v14.2.0</td> 260<td><p>The <code>groupIndentation</code> option was introduced.</p></td></tr> 261<tr><td>v11.7.0</td> 262<td><p>The <code>inspectOptions</code> option is introduced.</p></td></tr> 263<tr><td>v10.0.0</td> 264<td><p>The <code>Console</code> constructor now supports an <code>options</code> argument, and the <code>colorMode</code> option was introduced.</p></td></tr> 265<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 266<td><p>The <code>ignoreErrors</code> option was introduced.</p></td></tr> 267</tbody></table> 268</details> 269</div> 270<ul> 271<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> 272<ul> 273<li><code>stdout</code> <a href="stream.html#stream_class_stream_writable" class="type"><stream.Writable></a></li> 274<li><code>stderr</code> <a href="stream.html#stream_class_stream_writable" class="type"><stream.Writable></a></li> 275<li><code>ignoreErrors</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> Ignore errors when writing to the underlying 276streams. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>true</code>.</li> 277<li><code>colorMode</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> | <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> Set color support for this <code>Console</code> instance. 278Setting to <code>true</code> enables coloring while inspecting values. Setting to 279<code>false</code> disables coloring while inspecting values. Setting to 280<code>'auto'</code> makes color support depend on the value of the <code>isTTY</code> property 281and the value returned by <code>getColorDepth()</code> on the respective stream. This 282option can not be used, if <code>inspectOptions.colors</code> is set as well. 283<strong>Default:</strong> <code>'auto'</code>.</li> 284<li><code>inspectOptions</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> Specifies options that are passed along to 285<a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a>.</li> 286<li><code>groupIndentation</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> Set group indentation. 287<strong>Default:</strong> <code>2</code>.</li> 288</ul> 289</li> 290</ul> 291<p>Creates a new <code>Console</code> with one or two writable stream instances. <code>stdout</code> is a 292writable stream to print log or info output. <code>stderr</code> is used for warning or 293error output. If <code>stderr</code> is not provided, <code>stdout</code> is used for <code>stderr</code>.</p> 294<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> output = fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">createWriteStream</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'./stdout.log'</span>); 295<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> errorOutput = fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">createWriteStream</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'./stderr.log'</span>); 296<span class="hljs-comment">// Custom simple logger</span> 297<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> logger = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span>({ <span class="hljs-attr">stdout</span>: output, <span class="hljs-attr">stderr</span>: errorOutput }); 298<span class="hljs-comment">// use it like console</span> 299<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> count = <span class="hljs-number">5</span>; 300logger.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'count: %d'</span>, count); 301<span class="hljs-comment">// In stdout.log: count 5</span></code></pre> 302<p>The global <code>console</code> is a special <code>Console</code> whose output is sent to 303<a href="process.html#process_process_stdout"><code>process.stdout</code></a> and <a href="process.html#process_process_stderr"><code>process.stderr</code></a>. It is equivalent to calling:</p> 304<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Console</span>({ <span class="hljs-attr">stdout</span>: process.<span class="hljs-property">stdout</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">stderr</span>: process.<span class="hljs-property">stderr</span> });</code></pre> 305<h4><code>console.assert(value[, ...message])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_assert_value_message" id="console_console_assert_value_message">#</a></span></h4> 306<div class="api_metadata"> 307<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 308<table> 309<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 310<tr><td>v10.0.0</td> 311<td><p>The implementation is now spec compliant and does not throw anymore.</p></td></tr> 312<tr><td>v0.1.101</td> 313<td><p><span>Added in: v0.1.101</span></p></td></tr> 314</tbody></table> 315</details> 316</div> 317<ul> 318<li><code>value</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a> The value tested for being truthy.</li> 319<li><code>...message</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a> All arguments besides <code>value</code> are used as error message.</li> 320</ul> 321<p><code>console.assert()</code> writes a message if <code>value</code> is <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Falsy">falsy</a> or omitted. It only 322writes a message and does not otherwise affect execution. The output always 323starts with <code>"Assertion failed"</code>. If provided, <code>message</code> is formatted using 324<a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a>.</p> 325<p>If <code>value</code> is <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Truthy">truthy</a>, nothing happens.</p> 326<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">assert</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">true</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'does nothing'</span>); 327 328<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">assert</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">false</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'Whoops %s work'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'didn\'t'</span>); 329<span class="hljs-comment">// Assertion failed: Whoops didn't work</span> 330 331<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">assert</span>(); 332<span class="hljs-comment">// Assertion failed</span></code></pre> 333<h4><code>console.clear()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_clear" id="console_console_clear">#</a></span></h4> 334<div class="api_metadata"> 335<span>Added in: v8.3.0</span> 336</div> 337<p>When <code>stdout</code> is a TTY, calling <code>console.clear()</code> will attempt to clear the 338TTY. When <code>stdout</code> is not a TTY, this method does nothing.</p> 339<p>The specific operation of <code>console.clear()</code> can vary across operating systems 340and terminal types. For most Linux operating systems, <code>console.clear()</code> 341operates similarly to the <code>clear</code> shell command. On Windows, <code>console.clear()</code> 342will clear only the output in the current terminal viewport for the Node.js 343binary.</p> 344<h4><code>console.count([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_count_label" id="console_console_count_label">#</a></span></h4> 345<div class="api_metadata"> 346<span>Added in: v8.3.0</span> 347</div> 348<ul> 349<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> The display label for the counter. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code>.</li> 350</ul> 351<p>Maintains an internal counter specific to <code>label</code> and outputs to <code>stdout</code> the 352number of times <code>console.count()</code> has been called with the given <code>label</code>.</p> 353<!-- eslint-skip --> 354<pre><code class="language-js">> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>() 355<span class="hljs-attr">default</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 356<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 357> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'default'</span>) 358<span class="hljs-attr">default</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> 359<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 360> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>) 361<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 362<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 363> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'xyz'</span>) 364<span class="hljs-attr">xyz</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 365<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 366> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>) 367<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> 368<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 369> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>() 370<span class="hljs-attr">default</span>: <span class="hljs-number">3</span> 371<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 372></code></pre> 373<h4><code>console.countReset([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_countreset_label" id="console_console_countreset_label">#</a></span></h4> 374<div class="api_metadata"> 375<span>Added in: v8.3.0</span> 376</div> 377<ul> 378<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> The display label for the counter. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code>.</li> 379</ul> 380<p>Resets the internal counter specific to <code>label</code>.</p> 381<!-- eslint-skip --> 382<pre><code class="language-js">> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>); 383<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 384<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 385> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">countReset</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>); 386<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 387> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">count</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>); 388<span class="hljs-attr">abc</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> 389<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span> 390></code></pre> 391<h4><code>console.debug(data[, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_debug_data_args" id="console_console_debug_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 392<div class="api_metadata"> 393<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 394<table> 395<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 396<tr><td>v8.10.0</td> 397<td><p><code>console.debug</code> is now an alias for <code>console.log</code>.</p></td></tr> 398<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 399<td><p><span>Added in: v8.0.0</span></p></td></tr> 400</tbody></table> 401</details> 402</div> 403<ul> 404<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 405<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 406</ul> 407<p>The <code>console.debug()</code> function is an alias for <a href="#console_console_log_data_args"><code>console.log()</code></a>.</p> 408<h4><code>console.dir(obj[, options])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_dir_obj_options" id="console_console_dir_obj_options">#</a></span></h4> 409<div class="api_metadata"> 410<span>Added in: v0.1.101</span> 411</div> 412<ul> 413<li><code>obj</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 414<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> 415<ul> 416<li><code>showHidden</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> If <code>true</code> then the object's non-enumerable and symbol 417properties will be shown too. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>false</code>.</li> 418<li><code>depth</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> Tells <a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a> how many times to recurse while 419formatting the object. This is useful for inspecting large complicated 420objects. To make it recurse indefinitely, pass <code>null</code>. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>2</code>.</li> 421<li><code>colors</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> If <code>true</code>, then the output will be styled with ANSI color 422codes. Colors are customizable; 423see <a href="util.html#util_customizing_util_inspect_colors">customizing <code>util.inspect()</code> colors</a>. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>false</code>.</li> 424</ul> 425</li> 426</ul> 427<p>Uses <a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a> on <code>obj</code> and prints the resulting string to <code>stdout</code>. 428This function bypasses any custom <code>inspect()</code> function defined on <code>obj</code>.</p> 429<h4><code>console.dirxml(...data)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_dirxml_data" id="console_console_dirxml_data">#</a></span></h4> 430<div class="api_metadata"> 431<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 432<table> 433<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 434<tr><td>v9.3.0</td> 435<td><p><code>console.dirxml</code> now calls <code>console.log</code> for its arguments.</p></td></tr> 436<tr><td>v8.0.0</td> 437<td><p><span>Added in: v8.0.0</span></p></td></tr> 438</tbody></table> 439</details> 440</div> 441<ul> 442<li><code>...data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 443</ul> 444<p>This method calls <code>console.log()</code> passing it the arguments received. 445This method does not produce any XML formatting.</p> 446<h4><code>console.error([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_error_data_args" id="console_console_error_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 447<div class="api_metadata"> 448<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 449</div> 450<ul> 451<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 452<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 453</ul> 454<p>Prints to <code>stderr</code> with newline. Multiple arguments can be passed, with the 455first used as the primary message and all additional used as substitution 456values similar to <a href="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/printf.3.html"><code>printf(3)</code></a> (the arguments are all passed to 457<a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a>).</p> 458<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> code = <span class="hljs-number">5</span>; 459<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error #%d'</span>, code); 460<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: error #5, to stderr</span> 461<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, code); 462<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: error 5, to stderr</span></code></pre> 463<p>If formatting elements (e.g. <code>%d</code>) are not found in the first string then 464<a href="util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options"><code>util.inspect()</code></a> is called on each argument and the resulting string 465values are concatenated. See <a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a> for more information.</p> 466<h4><code>console.group([...label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_group_label" id="console_console_group_label">#</a></span></h4> 467<div class="api_metadata"> 468<span>Added in: v8.5.0</span> 469</div> 470<ul> 471<li><code>...label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 472</ul> 473<p>Increases indentation of subsequent lines by spaces for <code>groupIndentation</code> 474length.</p> 475<p>If one or more <code>label</code>s are provided, those are printed first without the 476additional indentation.</p> 477<h4><code>console.groupCollapsed()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_groupcollapsed" id="console_console_groupcollapsed">#</a></span></h4> 478<div class="api_metadata"> 479<span>Added in: v8.5.0</span> 480</div> 481<p>An alias for <a href="#console_console_group_label"><code>console.group()</code></a>.</p> 482<h4><code>console.groupEnd()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_groupend" id="console_console_groupend">#</a></span></h4> 483<div class="api_metadata"> 484<span>Added in: v8.5.0</span> 485</div> 486<p>Decreases indentation of subsequent lines by spaces for <code>groupIndentation</code> 487length.</p> 488<h4><code>console.info([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_info_data_args" id="console_console_info_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 489<div class="api_metadata"> 490<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 491</div> 492<ul> 493<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 494<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 495</ul> 496<p>The <code>console.info()</code> function is an alias for <a href="#console_console_log_data_args"><code>console.log()</code></a>.</p> 497<h4><code>console.log([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_log_data_args" id="console_console_log_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 498<div class="api_metadata"> 499<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 500</div> 501<ul> 502<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 503<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 504</ul> 505<p>Prints to <code>stdout</code> with newline. Multiple arguments can be passed, with the 506first used as the primary message and all additional used as substitution 507values similar to <a href="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/printf.3.html"><code>printf(3)</code></a> (the arguments are all passed to 508<a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a>).</p> 509<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> count = <span class="hljs-number">5</span>; 510<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'count: %d'</span>, count); 511<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: count: 5, to stdout</span> 512<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'count:'</span>, count); 513<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: count: 5, to stdout</span></code></pre> 514<p>See <a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a> for more information.</p> 515<h4><code>console.table(tabularData[, properties])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_table_tabulardata_properties" id="console_console_table_tabulardata_properties">#</a></span></h4> 516<div class="api_metadata"> 517<span>Added in: v10.0.0</span> 518</div> 519<ul> 520<li><code>tabularData</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 521<li><code>properties</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string[]></a> Alternate properties for constructing the table.</li> 522</ul> 523<p>Try to construct a table with the columns of the properties of <code>tabularData</code> 524(or use <code>properties</code>) and rows of <code>tabularData</code> and log it. Falls back to just 525logging the argument if it can’t be parsed as tabular.</p> 526<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-comment">// These can't be parsed as tabular data</span> 527<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>(<span class="hljs-title class_">Symbol</span>()); 528<span class="hljs-comment">// Symbol()</span> 529 530<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span>); 531<span class="hljs-comment">// undefined</span> 532 533<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>([{ <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Y'</span> }, { <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Z'</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> }]); 534<span class="hljs-comment">// ┌─────────┬─────┬─────┐</span> 535<span class="hljs-comment">// │ (index) │ a │ b │</span> 536<span class="hljs-comment">// ├─────────┼─────┼─────┤</span> 537<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 0 │ 1 │ 'Y' │</span> 538<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 1 │ 'Z' │ 2 │</span> 539<span class="hljs-comment">// └─────────┴─────┴─────┘</span> 540 541<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">table</span>([{ <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Y'</span> }, { <span class="hljs-attr">a</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Z'</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">b</span>: <span class="hljs-number">2</span> }], [<span class="hljs-string">'a'</span>]); 542<span class="hljs-comment">// ┌─────────┬─────┐</span> 543<span class="hljs-comment">// │ (index) │ a │</span> 544<span class="hljs-comment">// ├─────────┼─────┤</span> 545<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 0 │ 1 │</span> 546<span class="hljs-comment">// │ 1 │ 'Z' │</span> 547<span class="hljs-comment">// └─────────┴─────┘</span></code></pre> 548<h4><code>console.time([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_time_label" id="console_console_time_label">#</a></span></h4> 549<div class="api_metadata"> 550<span>Added in: v0.1.104</span> 551</div> 552<ul> 553<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code></li> 554</ul> 555<p>Starts a timer that can be used to compute the duration of an operation. Timers 556are identified by a unique <code>label</code>. Use the same <code>label</code> when calling 557<a href="#console_console_timeend_label"><code>console.timeEnd()</code></a> to stop the timer and output the elapsed time in 558suitable time units to <code>stdout</code>. For example, if the elapsed 559time is 3869ms, <code>console.timeEnd()</code> displays "3.869s".</p> 560<h4><code>console.timeEnd([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_timeend_label" id="console_console_timeend_label">#</a></span></h4> 561<div class="api_metadata"> 562<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary> 563<table> 564<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr> 565<tr><td>v13.0.0</td> 566<td><p>The elapsed time is displayed with a suitable time unit.</p></td></tr> 567<tr><td>v6.0.0</td> 568<td><p>This method no longer supports multiple calls that don’t map to individual <code>console.time()</code> calls; see below for details.</p></td></tr> 569<tr><td>v0.1.104</td> 570<td><p><span>Added in: v0.1.104</span></p></td></tr> 571</tbody></table> 572</details> 573</div> 574<ul> 575<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code></li> 576</ul> 577<p>Stops a timer that was previously started by calling <a href="#console_console_time_label"><code>console.time()</code></a> and 578prints the result to <code>stdout</code>:</p> 579<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">time</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'100-elements'</span>); 580<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> i = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i < <span class="hljs-number">100</span>; i++) {} 581<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">timeEnd</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'100-elements'</span>); 582<span class="hljs-comment">// prints 100-elements: 225.438ms</span></code></pre> 583<h4><code>console.timeLog([label][, ...data])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_timelog_label_data" id="console_console_timelog_label_data">#</a></span></h4> 584<div class="api_metadata"> 585<span>Added in: v10.7.0</span> 586</div> 587<ul> 588<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'default'</code></li> 589<li><code>...data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 590</ul> 591<p>For a timer that was previously started by calling <a href="#console_console_time_label"><code>console.time()</code></a>, prints 592the elapsed time and other <code>data</code> arguments to <code>stdout</code>:</p> 593<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">time</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'process'</span>); 594<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> value = <span class="hljs-title function_">expensiveProcess1</span>(); <span class="hljs-comment">// Returns 42</span> 595<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">timeLog</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'process'</span>, value); 596<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints "process: 365.227ms 42".</span> 597<span class="hljs-title function_">doExpensiveProcess2</span>(value); 598<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">timeEnd</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'process'</span>);</code></pre> 599<h4><code>console.trace([message][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_trace_message_args" id="console_console_trace_message_args">#</a></span></h4> 600<div class="api_metadata"> 601<span>Added in: v0.1.104</span> 602</div> 603<ul> 604<li><code>message</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 605<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 606</ul> 607<p>Prints to <code>stderr</code> the string <code>'Trace: '</code>, followed by the <a href="util.html#util_util_format_format_args"><code>util.format()</code></a> 608formatted message and stack trace to the current position in the code.</p> 609<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">trace</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Show me'</span>); 610<span class="hljs-comment">// Prints: (stack trace will vary based on where trace is called)</span> 611<span class="hljs-comment">// Trace: Show me</span> 612<span class="hljs-comment">// at repl:2:9</span> 613<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.defaultEval (repl.js:248:27)</span> 614<span class="hljs-comment">// at bound (domain.js:287:14)</span> 615<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.runBound [as eval] (domain.js:300:12)</span> 616<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.<anonymous> (repl.js:412:12)</span> 617<span class="hljs-comment">// at emitOne (events.js:82:20)</span> 618<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.emit (events.js:169:7)</span> 619<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.Interface._onLine (readline.js:210:10)</span> 620<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.Interface._line (readline.js:549:8)</span> 621<span class="hljs-comment">// at REPLServer.Interface._ttyWrite (readline.js:826:14)</span></code></pre> 622<h4><code>console.warn([data][, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_warn_data_args" id="console_console_warn_data_args">#</a></span></h4> 623<div class="api_metadata"> 624<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 625</div> 626<ul> 627<li><code>data</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 628<li><code>...args</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Data_types" class="type"><any></a></li> 629</ul> 630<p>The <code>console.warn()</code> function is an alias for <a href="#console_console_error_data_args"><code>console.error()</code></a>.</p> 631</section><section><h3>Inspector only methods<span><a class="mark" href="#console_inspector_only_methods" id="console_inspector_only_methods">#</a></span></h3> 632<p>The following methods are exposed by the V8 engine in the general API but do 633not display anything unless used in conjunction with the <a href="debugger.html">inspector</a> 634(<code>--inspect</code> flag).</p> 635<h4><code>console.profile([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_profile_label" id="console_console_profile_label">#</a></span></h4> 636<div class="api_metadata"> 637<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 638</div> 639<ul> 640<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a></li> 641</ul> 642<p>This method does not display anything unless used in the inspector. The 643<code>console.profile()</code> method starts a JavaScript CPU profile with an optional 644label until <a href="#console_console_profileend_label"><code>console.profileEnd()</code></a> is called. The profile is then added to 645the <strong>Profile</strong> panel of the inspector.</p> 646<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">profile</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'MyLabel'</span>); 647<span class="hljs-comment">// Some code</span> 648<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">profileEnd</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'MyLabel'</span>); 649<span class="hljs-comment">// Adds the profile 'MyLabel' to the Profiles panel of the inspector.</span></code></pre> 650<h4><code>console.profileEnd([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_profileend_label" id="console_console_profileend_label">#</a></span></h4> 651<div class="api_metadata"> 652<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 653</div> 654<ul> 655<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a></li> 656</ul> 657<p>This method does not display anything unless used in the inspector. Stops the 658current JavaScript CPU profiling session if one has been started and prints 659the report to the <strong>Profiles</strong> panel of the inspector. See 660<a href="#console_console_profile_label"><code>console.profile()</code></a> for an example.</p> 661<p>If this method is called without a label, the most recently started profile is 662stopped.</p> 663<h4><code>console.timeStamp([label])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#console_console_timestamp_label" id="console_console_timestamp_label">#</a></span></h4> 664<div class="api_metadata"> 665<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 666</div> 667<ul> 668<li><code>label</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a></li> 669</ul> 670<p>This method does not display anything unless used in the inspector. The 671<code>console.timeStamp()</code> method adds an event with the label <code>'label'</code> to the 672<strong>Timeline</strong> panel of the inspector.</p></section> 673 <!-- API END --> 674 </div> 675 </div> 676 </div> 677 <script> 678 'use strict'; 679 { 680 const kCustomPreference = 'customDarkTheme'; 681 const userSettings = sessionStorage.getItem(kCustomPreference); 682 const themeToggleButton = document.getElementById('theme-toggle-btn'); 683 if (userSettings === null && window.matchMedia) { 684 const mq = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)'); 685 if ('onchange' in mq) { 686 function mqChangeListener(e) { 687 document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode', e.matches); 688 } 689 mq.addEventListener('change', mqChangeListener); 690 if (themeToggleButton) { 691 themeToggleButton.addEventListener('click', function() { 692 mq.removeEventListener('change', mqChangeListener); 693 }, { once: true }); 694 } 695 } 696 if (mq.matches) { 697 document.body.classList.add('dark-mode'); 698 } 699 } else if (userSettings === 'true') { 700 document.body.classList.add('dark-mode'); 701 } 702 if (themeToggleButton) { 703 themeToggleButton.hidden = false; 704 themeToggleButton.addEventListener('click', function() { 705 sessionStorage.setItem( 706 kCustomPreference, 707 document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode') 708 ); 709 }); 710 } 711 } 712 </script> 713</body> 714</html> 715