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data-id="globals" class="interior"> 90 <header> 91 <div class="header-container"> 92 <h1>Node.js v14.21.2 documentation</h1> 93 <button class="theme-toggle-btn" id="theme-toggle-btn" title="Toggle dark mode/light mode" aria-label="Toggle dark mode/light mode" hidden> 94 <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon dark-icon" height="24" width="24"> 95 <path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> 96 <path d="M11.1 12.08c-2.33-4.51-.5-8.48.53-10.07C6.27 2.2 1.98 6.59 1.98 12c0 .14.02.28.02.42.62-.27 1.29-.42 2-.42 1.66 0 3.18.83 4.1 2.15A4.01 4.01 0 0111 18c0 1.52-.87 2.83-2.12 3.51.98.32 2.03.5 3.11.5 3.5 0 6.58-1.8 8.37-4.52-2.36.23-6.98-.97-9.26-5.41z"/> 97 <path d="M7 16h-.18C6.4 14.84 5.3 14 4 14c-1.66 0-3 1.34-3 3s1.34 3 3 3h3c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2s-.9-2-2-2z"/> 98 </svg> 99 <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon light-icon" height="24" width="24"> 100 <path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /> 101 <path d="M6.76 4.84l-1.8-1.79-1.41 1.41 1.79 1.79 1.42-1.41zM4 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href="#globals_static_method_abortsignal_abort">Static method: <code>AbortSignal.abort()</code></a></li> 155<li><a href="#globals_event_abort">Event: <code>'abort'</code></a></li> 156<li><a href="#globals_abortsignal_aborted"><code>abortSignal.aborted</code></a></li> 157<li><a href="#globals_abortsignal_onabort"><code>abortSignal.onabort</code></a></li> 158</ul> 159</li> 160</ul> 161</li> 162<li><a href="#globals_class_buffer">Class: <code>Buffer</code></a></li> 163<li><a href="#globals_dirname"><code>__dirname</code></a></li> 164<li><a href="#globals_filename"><code>__filename</code></a></li> 165<li><a href="#globals_clearimmediate_immediateobject"><code>clearImmediate(immediateObject)</code></a></li> 166<li><a href="#globals_clearinterval_intervalobject"><code>clearInterval(intervalObject)</code></a></li> 167<li><a href="#globals_cleartimeout_timeoutobject"><code>clearTimeout(timeoutObject)</code></a></li> 168<li><a href="#globals_console"><code>console</code></a></li> 169<li><a href="#globals_exports"><code>exports</code></a></li> 170<li><a href="#globals_global"><code>global</code></a></li> 171<li><a href="#globals_module"><code>module</code></a></li> 172<li><a href="#globals_process"><code>process</code></a></li> 173<li><a href="#globals_queuemicrotask_callback"><code>queueMicrotask(callback)</code></a></li> 174<li><a href="#globals_require"><code>require()</code></a></li> 175<li><a href="#globals_setimmediate_callback_args"><code>setImmediate(callback[, ...args])</code></a></li> 176<li><a href="#globals_setinterval_callback_delay_args"><code>setInterval(callback, delay[, ...args])</code></a></li> 177<li><a href="#globals_settimeout_callback_delay_args"><code>setTimeout(callback, delay[, ...args])</code></a></li> 178<li><a href="#globals_textdecoder"><code>TextDecoder</code></a></li> 179<li><a href="#globals_textencoder"><code>TextEncoder</code></a></li> 180<li><a href="#globals_url"><code>URL</code></a></li> 181<li><a href="#globals_urlsearchparams"><code>URLSearchParams</code></a></li> 182<li><a href="#globals_webassembly"><code>WebAssembly</code></a></li> 183</ul> 184</li> 185</ul></details> 186 187 <div id="apicontent"> 188 <h2>Global objects<span><a class="mark" href="#globals_global_objects" id="globals_global_objects">#</a></span></h2> 189 190 191<p>These objects are available in all modules. The following variables may appear 192to be global but are not. They exist only in the scope of modules, see the 193<a href="modules.html">module system documentation</a>:</p> 194<ul> 195<li><a href="modules.html#modules_dirname"><code>__dirname</code></a></li> 196<li><a href="modules.html#modules_filename"><code>__filename</code></a></li> 197<li><a href="modules.html#modules_exports"><code>exports</code></a></li> 198<li><a href="modules.html#modules_module"><code>module</code></a></li> 199<li><a href="modules.html#modules_require_id"><code>require()</code></a></li> 200</ul> 201<p>The objects listed here are specific to Node.js. There are <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects">built-in objects</a> 202that are part of the JavaScript language itself, which are also globally 203accessible.</p> 204<section><h3>Class: <code>AbortController</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_class_abortcontroller" id="globals_class_abortcontroller">#</a></span></h3> 205<div class="api_metadata"> 206<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 207</div> 208<p></p><div class="api_stability api_stability_1"><a href="documentation.html#documentation_stability_index">Stability: 1</a> - Experimental</div><p></p> 209 210<p>A utility class used to signal cancelation in selected <code>Promise</code>-based APIs. 211The API is based on the Web API <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbortController"><code>AbortController</code></a>.</p> 212<p>To use, launch Node.js using the <code>--experimental-abortcontroller</code> flag.</p> 213<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> ac = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">AbortController</span>(); 214 215ac.<span class="hljs-property">signal</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abort'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">() =></span> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Aborted!'</span>), 216 { <span class="hljs-attr">once</span>: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span> }); 217 218ac.<span class="hljs-title function_">abort</span>(); 219 220<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(ac.<span class="hljs-property">signal</span>.<span class="hljs-property">aborted</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// Prints True</span></code></pre> 221<h4><code>abortController.abort()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_abortcontroller_abort" id="globals_abortcontroller_abort">#</a></span></h4> 222<div class="api_metadata"> 223<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 224</div> 225<p>Triggers the abort signal, causing the <code>abortController.signal</code> to emit 226the <code>'abort'</code> event.</p> 227<h4><code>abortController.signal</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_abortcontroller_signal" id="globals_abortcontroller_signal">#</a></span></h4> 228<div class="api_metadata"> 229<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 230</div> 231<ul> 232<li>Type: <a href="globals.html#globals_class_abortsignal" class="type"><AbortSignal></a></li> 233</ul> 234<h4>Class: <code>AbortSignal</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_class_abortsignal" id="globals_class_abortsignal">#</a></span></h4> 235<div class="api_metadata"> 236<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 237</div> 238<ul> 239<li>Extends: <a href="events.html#events_class_eventtarget" class="type"><EventTarget></a></li> 240</ul> 241<p>The <code>AbortSignal</code> is used to notify observers when the 242<code>abortController.abort()</code> method is called.</p> 243<h5>Static method: <code>AbortSignal.abort()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_static_method_abortsignal_abort" id="globals_static_method_abortsignal_abort">#</a></span></h5> 244<div class="api_metadata"> 245<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 246</div> 247<ul> 248<li>Returns: <a href="globals.html#globals_class_abortsignal" class="type"><AbortSignal></a></li> 249</ul> 250<p>Returns a new already aborted <code>AbortSignal</code>.</p> 251<h5>Event: <code>'abort'</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_event_abort" id="globals_event_abort">#</a></span></h5> 252<div class="api_metadata"> 253<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 254</div> 255<p>The <code>'abort'</code> event is emitted when the <code>abortController.abort()</code> method 256is called. The callback is invoked with a single object argument with a 257single <code>type</code> property set to <code>'abort'</code>:</p> 258<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> ac = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">AbortController</span>(); 259 260<span class="hljs-comment">// Use either the onabort property...</span> 261ac.<span class="hljs-property">signal</span>.<span class="hljs-property">onabort</span> = <span class="hljs-function">() =></span> <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'aborted!'</span>); 262 263<span class="hljs-comment">// Or the EventTarget API...</span> 264ac.<span class="hljs-property">signal</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'abort'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">event</span>) =></span> { 265 <span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(event.<span class="hljs-property">type</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// Prints 'abort'</span> 266}, { <span class="hljs-attr">once</span>: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span> }); 267 268ac.<span class="hljs-title function_">abort</span>();</code></pre> 269<p>The <code>AbortController</code> with which the <code>AbortSignal</code> is associated will only 270ever trigger the <code>'abort'</code> event once. We recommended that code check 271that the <code>abortSignal.aborted</code> attribute is <code>false</code> before adding an <code>'abort'</code> 272event listener.</p> 273<p>Any event listeners attached to the <code>AbortSignal</code> should use the 274<code>{ once: true }</code> option (or, if using the <code>EventEmitter</code> APIs to attach a 275listener, use the <code>once()</code> method) to ensure that the event listener is 276removed as soon as the <code>'abort'</code> event is handled. Failure to do so may 277result in memory leaks.</p> 278<h5><code>abortSignal.aborted</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_abortsignal_aborted" id="globals_abortsignal_aborted">#</a></span></h5> 279<div class="api_metadata"> 280<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 281</div> 282<ul> 283<li>Type: <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type" class="type"><boolean></a> True after the <code>AbortController</code> has been aborted.</li> 284</ul> 285<h5><code>abortSignal.onabort</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_abortsignal_onabort" id="globals_abortsignal_onabort">#</a></span></h5> 286<div class="api_metadata"> 287<span>Added in: v14.17.0</span> 288</div> 289<ul> 290<li>Type: <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a></li> 291</ul> 292<p>An optional callback function that may be set by user code to be notified 293when the <code>abortController.abort()</code> function has been called.</p> 294</section><section><h3>Class: <code>Buffer</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_class_buffer" id="globals_class_buffer">#</a></span></h3> 295<div class="api_metadata"> 296<span>Added in: v0.1.103</span> 297</div> 298 299<ul> 300<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a></li> 301</ul> 302<p>Used to handle binary data. See the <a href="buffer.html">buffer section</a>.</p> 303</section><section><h3><code>__dirname</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_dirname" id="globals_dirname">#</a></span></h3> 304<p>This variable may appear to be global but is not. See <a href="modules.html#modules_dirname"><code>__dirname</code></a>.</p> 305</section><section><h3><code>__filename</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_filename" id="globals_filename">#</a></span></h3> 306<p>This variable may appear to be global but is not. See <a href="modules.html#modules_filename"><code>__filename</code></a>.</p> 307</section><section><h3><code>clearImmediate(immediateObject)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_clearimmediate_immediateobject" id="globals_clearimmediate_immediateobject">#</a></span></h3> 308<div class="api_metadata"> 309<span>Added in: v0.9.1</span> 310</div> 311 312<p><a href="timers.html#timers_clearimmediate_immediate"><code>clearImmediate</code></a> is described in the <a href="timers.html">timers</a> section.</p> 313</section><section><h3><code>clearInterval(intervalObject)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_clearinterval_intervalobject" id="globals_clearinterval_intervalobject">#</a></span></h3> 314<div class="api_metadata"> 315<span>Added in: v0.0.1</span> 316</div> 317 318<p><a href="timers.html#timers_clearinterval_timeout"><code>clearInterval</code></a> is described in the <a href="timers.html">timers</a> section.</p> 319</section><section><h3><code>clearTimeout(timeoutObject)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_cleartimeout_timeoutobject" id="globals_cleartimeout_timeoutobject">#</a></span></h3> 320<div class="api_metadata"> 321<span>Added in: v0.0.1</span> 322</div> 323 324<p><a href="timers.html#timers_cleartimeout_timeout"><code>clearTimeout</code></a> is described in the <a href="timers.html">timers</a> section.</p> 325</section><section><h3><code>console</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_console" id="globals_console">#</a></span></h3> 326<div class="api_metadata"> 327<span>Added in: v0.1.100</span> 328</div> 329 330<ul> 331<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a></li> 332</ul> 333<p>Used to print to stdout and stderr. See the <a href="console.html"><code>console</code></a> section.</p> 334</section><section><h3><code>exports</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_exports" id="globals_exports">#</a></span></h3> 335<p>This variable may appear to be global but is not. See <a href="modules.html#modules_exports"><code>exports</code></a>.</p> 336</section><section><h3><code>global</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_global" id="globals_global">#</a></span></h3> 337<div class="api_metadata"> 338<span>Added in: v0.1.27</span> 339</div> 340 341<ul> 342<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> The global namespace object.</li> 343</ul> 344<p>In browsers, the top-level scope is the global scope. This means that 345within the browser <code>var something</code> will define a new global variable. In 346Node.js this is different. The top-level scope is not the global scope; 347<code>var something</code> inside a Node.js module will be local to that module.</p> 348</section><section><h3><code>module</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_module" id="globals_module">#</a></span></h3> 349<p>This variable may appear to be global but is not. See <a href="modules.html#modules_module"><code>module</code></a>.</p> 350</section><section><h3><code>process</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_process" id="globals_process">#</a></span></h3> 351<div class="api_metadata"> 352<span>Added in: v0.1.7</span> 353</div> 354 355<ul> 356<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a></li> 357</ul> 358<p>The process object. See the <a href="process.html#process_process"><code>process</code> object</a> section.</p> 359</section><section><h3><code>queueMicrotask(callback)</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_queuemicrotask_callback" id="globals_queuemicrotask_callback">#</a></span></h3> 360<div class="api_metadata"> 361<span>Added in: v11.0.0</span> 362</div> 363 364<ul> 365<li><code>callback</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a> Function to be queued.</li> 366</ul> 367<p>The <code>queueMicrotask()</code> method queues a microtask to invoke <code>callback</code>. If 368<code>callback</code> throws an exception, the <a href="process.html#process_process"><code>process</code> object</a> <code>'uncaughtException'</code> 369event will be emitted.</p> 370<p>The microtask queue is managed by V8 and may be used in a similar manner to 371the <a href="process.html#process_process_nexttick_callback_args"><code>process.nextTick()</code></a> queue, which is managed by Node.js. The 372<code>process.nextTick()</code> queue is always processed before the microtask queue 373within each turn of the Node.js event loop.</p> 374<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-comment">// Here, `queueMicrotask()` is used to ensure the 'load' event is always</span> 375<span class="hljs-comment">// emitted asynchronously, and therefore consistently. Using</span> 376<span class="hljs-comment">// `process.nextTick()` here would result in the 'load' event always emitting</span> 377<span class="hljs-comment">// before any other promise jobs.</span> 378 379<span class="hljs-title class_">DataHandler</span>.<span class="hljs-property"><span class="hljs-keyword">prototype</span></span>.<span class="hljs-property">load</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">load</span>(<span class="hljs-params">key</span>) { 380 <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> hit = <span class="hljs-variable language_">this</span>.<span class="hljs-property">_cache</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">get</span>(key); 381 <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (hit !== <span class="hljs-literal">undefined</span>) { 382 <span class="hljs-title function_">queueMicrotask</span>(<span class="hljs-function">() =></span> { 383 <span class="hljs-variable language_">this</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">emit</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'load'</span>, hit); 384 }); 385 <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>; 386 } 387 388 <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> data = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">fetchData</span>(key); 389 <span class="hljs-variable language_">this</span>.<span class="hljs-property">_cache</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">set</span>(key, data); 390 <span class="hljs-variable language_">this</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">emit</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'load'</span>, data); 391};</code></pre> 392</section><section><h3><code>require()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_require" id="globals_require">#</a></span></h3> 393<p>This variable may appear to be global but is not. See <a href="modules.html#modules_require_id"><code>require()</code></a>.</p> 394</section><section><h3><code>setImmediate(callback[, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_setimmediate_callback_args" id="globals_setimmediate_callback_args">#</a></span></h3> 395<div class="api_metadata"> 396<span>Added in: v0.9.1</span> 397</div> 398 399<p><a href="timers.html#timers_setimmediate_callback_args"><code>setImmediate</code></a> is described in the <a href="timers.html">timers</a> section.</p> 400</section><section><h3><code>setInterval(callback, delay[, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_setinterval_callback_delay_args" id="globals_setinterval_callback_delay_args">#</a></span></h3> 401<div class="api_metadata"> 402<span>Added in: v0.0.1</span> 403</div> 404 405<p><a href="timers.html#timers_setinterval_callback_delay_args"><code>setInterval</code></a> is described in the <a href="timers.html">timers</a> section.</p> 406</section><section><h3><code>setTimeout(callback, delay[, ...args])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_settimeout_callback_delay_args" id="globals_settimeout_callback_delay_args">#</a></span></h3> 407<div class="api_metadata"> 408<span>Added in: v0.0.1</span> 409</div> 410 411<p><a href="timers.html#timers_settimeout_callback_delay_args"><code>setTimeout</code></a> is described in the <a href="timers.html">timers</a> section.</p> 412</section><section><h3><code>TextDecoder</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_textdecoder" id="globals_textdecoder">#</a></span></h3> 413<div class="api_metadata"> 414<span>Added in: v11.0.0</span> 415</div> 416 417<p>The WHATWG <code>TextDecoder</code> class. See the <a href="util.html#util_class_util_textdecoder"><code>TextDecoder</code></a> section.</p> 418</section><section><h3><code>TextEncoder</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_textencoder" id="globals_textencoder">#</a></span></h3> 419<div class="api_metadata"> 420<span>Added in: v11.0.0</span> 421</div> 422 423<p>The WHATWG <code>TextEncoder</code> class. See the <a href="util.html#util_class_util_textencoder"><code>TextEncoder</code></a> section.</p> 424</section><section><h3><code>URL</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_url" id="globals_url">#</a></span></h3> 425<div class="api_metadata"> 426<span>Added in: v10.0.0</span> 427</div> 428 429<p>The WHATWG <code>URL</code> class. See the <a href="url.html#url_class_url"><code>URL</code></a> section.</p> 430</section><section><h3><code>URLSearchParams</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_urlsearchparams" id="globals_urlsearchparams">#</a></span></h3> 431<div class="api_metadata"> 432<span>Added in: v10.0.0</span> 433</div> 434 435<p>The WHATWG <code>URLSearchParams</code> class. See the <a href="url.html#url_class_urlsearchparams"><code>URLSearchParams</code></a> section.</p> 436</section><section><h3><code>WebAssembly</code><span><a class="mark" href="#globals_webassembly" id="globals_webassembly">#</a></span></h3> 437<div class="api_metadata"> 438<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span> 439</div> 440 441<ul> 442<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a></li> 443</ul> 444<p>The object that acts as the namespace for all W3C 445<a href="https://webassembly.org">WebAssembly</a> related functionality. See the 446<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/WebAssembly">Mozilla Developer Network</a> for usage and compatibility.</p></section> 447 <!-- API END --> 448 </div> 449 </div> 450 </div> 451 <script> 452 'use strict'; 453 { 454 const kCustomPreference = 'customDarkTheme'; 455 const userSettings = sessionStorage.getItem(kCustomPreference); 456 const themeToggleButton = document.getElementById('theme-toggle-btn'); 457 if (userSettings === null && window.matchMedia) { 458 const mq = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)'); 459 if ('onchange' in mq) { 460 function mqChangeListener(e) { 461 document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode', e.matches); 462 } 463 mq.addEventListener('change', mqChangeListener); 464 if (themeToggleButton) { 465 themeToggleButton.addEventListener('click', function() { 466 mq.removeEventListener('change', mqChangeListener); 467 }, { once: true }); 468 } 469 } 470 if (mq.matches) { 471 document.body.classList.add('dark-mode'); 472 } 473 } else if (userSettings === 'true') { 474 document.body.classList.add('dark-mode'); 475 } 476 if (themeToggleButton) { 477 themeToggleButton.hidden = false; 478 themeToggleButton.addEventListener('click', function() { 479 sessionStorage.setItem( 480 kCustomPreference, 481 document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode') 482 ); 483 }); 484 } 485 } 486 </script> 487</body> 488</html> 489