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1 /* init.c - init program.
2  *
3  * Copyright 2012 Harvind Singh <harvindsingh1981@gmail.com>
4  * Copyright 2013 Kyungwan Han  <asura321@gmail.com>
5  *
6  * No Standard
7 
8 USE_INIT(NEWTOY(init, "", TOYFLAG_SBIN))
9 
10 config INIT
11   bool "init"
12   default n
13   help
14     usage: init
15 
16     System V style init.
17 
18     First program to run (as PID 1) when the system comes up, reading
19     /etc/inittab to determine actions.
20 */
21 
22 #include "toys.h"
23 #include <sys/reboot.h>
24 
25 struct action_list_seed {
26   struct action_list_seed *next;
27   pid_t pid;
28   uint8_t action;
29   char *terminal_name;
30   char *command;
31 } *action_list_pointer = NULL;
32 int caught_signal;
33 
34 //INITTAB action defination
35 #define SYSINIT     0x01
36 #define WAIT        0x02
37 #define ONCE        0x04
38 #define RESPAWN     0x08
39 #define ASKFIRST    0x10
40 #define CTRLALTDEL  0x20
41 #define SHUTDOWN    0x40
42 #define RESTART     0x80
43 
initialize_console(void)44 static void initialize_console(void)
45 {
46   int fd;
47   char *p = getenv("CONSOLE");
48 
49   if (!p) p = getenv("console");
50   if (!p) {
51     fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
52     if (fd >= 0) {
53       while (fd < 2) fd = dup(fd);
54       while (fd > 2) close(fd--);
55     }
56   } else {
57     fd = open(p, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK | O_NOCTTY);
58     if (fd < 0) printf("Unable to open console %s\n",p);
59     else {
60       dup2(fd,0);
61       dup2(fd,1);
62       dup2(fd,2);
63     }
64   }
65 
66   if (!getenv("TERM")) putenv("TERM=linux");
67 }
68 
reset_term(int fd)69 static void reset_term(int fd)
70 {
71   struct termios terminal;
72 
73   tcgetattr(fd, &terminal);
74   terminal.c_cc[VINTR] = 3;    //ctrl-c
75   terminal.c_cc[VQUIT] = 28;   /*ctrl-\*/
76   terminal.c_cc[VERASE] = 127; //ctrl-?
77   terminal.c_cc[VKILL] = 21;   //ctrl-u
78   terminal.c_cc[VEOF] = 4;     //ctrl-d
79   terminal.c_cc[VSTART] = 17;  //ctrl-q
80   terminal.c_cc[VSTOP] = 19;   //ctrl-s
81   terminal.c_cc[VSUSP] = 26;   //ctrl-z
82 
83   terminal.c_line = 0;
84   terminal.c_cflag &= CRTSCTS|PARODD|PARENB|CSTOPB|CSIZE|CBAUDEX|CBAUD;
85   terminal.c_cflag |= CLOCAL|HUPCL|CREAD;
86 
87   //enable start/stop input and output control + map CR to NL on input
88   terminal.c_iflag = IXON|IXOFF|ICRNL;
89 
90   //Map NL to CR-NL on output
91   terminal.c_oflag = ONLCR|OPOST;
92   terminal.c_lflag = IEXTEN|ECHOKE|ECHOCTL|ECHOK|ECHOE|ECHO|ICANON|ISIG;
93   tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &terminal);
94 }
95 
add_new_action(int action,char * command,char * term)96 static void add_new_action(int action, char *command, char *term)
97 {
98   struct action_list_seed *x,**y;
99 
100   y = &action_list_pointer;
101   x = *y;
102   while (x) {
103     if (!(strcmp(x->command, command)) && !(strcmp(x->terminal_name, term))) {
104       *y = x->next; //remove from the list
105       while(*y) y = &(*y)->next; //traverse through list till end
106       x->next = NULL;
107       break;
108     }
109     y = &(x)->next;
110     x = *y;
111   }
112 
113   //create a new node
114   if (!x) {
115     x = xzalloc(sizeof(*x));
116     x->command = xstrdup(command);
117     x->terminal_name = xstrdup(term);
118   }
119   x->action = action;
120   *y = x;
121 }
122 
parse_inittab(void)123 static void parse_inittab(void)
124 {
125   char *line = 0;
126   size_t allocated_length = 0;
127   int line_number = 0;
128   char *act_name = "sysinit\0wait\0once\0respawn\0askfirst\0ctrlaltdel\0"
129                     "shutdown\0restart\0";
130   FILE *fp = fopen("/etc/inittab", "r");
131 
132   if (!fp) {
133     error_msg("Unable to open /etc/inittab. Using Default inittab");
134     add_new_action(SYSINIT, "/etc/init.d/rcS", "");
135     add_new_action(RESPAWN, "/sbin/getty -n -l /bin/sh -L 115200 tty1 vt100", "");
136     return;
137   }
138 
139   while (getline(&line, &allocated_length, fp) > 0) {
140     char *p = line, *x, *tty_name = 0, *command = 0, *extracted_token, *tmp;
141     int action = 0, token_count = 0, i;
142 
143     if ((x = strchr(p, '#'))) *x = '\0';
144     line_number++;
145     action = 0;
146 
147     while ((extracted_token = strsep(&p,":"))) {
148       token_count++;
149       switch (token_count) {
150         case 1:
151           if (*extracted_token) {
152             if (!strncmp(extracted_token, "/dev/", 5))
153               tty_name = xmprintf("%s",extracted_token);
154             else tty_name = xmprintf("/dev/%s",extracted_token);
155           } else tty_name = xstrdup("");
156           break;
157         case 2:
158           break;
159         case 3:
160           for (tmp = act_name, i = 0; *tmp; i++, tmp += strlen(tmp) +1) {
161             if (!strcmp(tmp, extracted_token)) {
162               action = 1 << i;
163               break;
164             }
165           }
166           if (!*tmp) error_msg("Invalid action at line number %d ---- ignoring",line_number);
167           break;
168         case 4:
169           command = xstrdup(extracted_token);
170           break;
171         default:
172           error_msg("Bad inittab entry at line %d", line_number);
173           break;
174       }
175     }  //while token
176 
177     if (token_count == 4 && action) add_new_action(action, command, tty_name);
178     free(tty_name);
179     free(command);
180   }
181   free(line);
182   fclose(fp);
183 }
184 
reload_inittab(void)185 static void reload_inittab(void)
186 {
187   // Remove all inactive actions, then reload /etc/inittab
188   struct action_list_seed **y;
189   y = &action_list_pointer;
190   while (*y) {
191     if (!(*y)->pid) {
192       struct action_list_seed *x = *y;
193       free(x->terminal_name);
194       free(x->command);
195       *y = (*y)->next;
196       free(x);
197       continue;
198     }
199     y = &(*y)->next;
200   }
201   parse_inittab();
202 }
203 
run_command(char * command)204 static void run_command(char *command)
205 {
206   char *final_command[128];
207   int hyphen = (command[0]=='-');
208 
209   command = command + hyphen;
210   if (!strpbrk(command, "?<>'\";[]{}\\|=()*&^$!`~")) {
211     char *next_command;
212     char *extracted_command;
213     int x = 0;
214 
215     next_command = strncpy(toybuf, command - hyphen, sizeof(toybuf));
216     next_command[sizeof(toybuf) - 1] = toybuf[sizeof(toybuf) - 1 ] = '\0';
217     command = next_command + hyphen;
218     while ((extracted_command = strsep(&next_command," \t"))) {
219       if (*extracted_command) {
220         final_command[x] = extracted_command;
221         x++;
222       }
223     }
224     final_command[x] = NULL;
225   } else {
226     snprintf(toybuf, sizeof(toybuf), "exec %s", command);
227     command = "-/bin/sh"+1;
228     final_command[0] = ("-/bin/sh"+!hyphen);
229     final_command[1] = "-c";
230     final_command[2] = toybuf;
231     final_command[3] = NULL;
232   }
233   if (hyphen) ioctl(0, TIOCSCTTY, 0);
234   execvp(command, final_command);
235   error_msg("unable to run %s",command);
236 }
237 
238 //runs all same type of actions
final_run(struct action_list_seed * x)239 static pid_t final_run(struct action_list_seed *x)
240 {
241   pid_t pid;
242   int fd;
243   sigset_t signal_set;
244 
245   sigfillset(&signal_set);
246   sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &signal_set, NULL);
247   if (x->action & ASKFIRST) pid = fork();
248   else pid = vfork();
249 
250   if (pid > 0) {
251     //parent process or error
252     //unblock the signals
253     sigfillset(&signal_set);
254     sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &signal_set, NULL);
255 
256     return pid;
257   } else if (pid < 0) {
258     perror_msg("fork fail");
259     sleep(1);
260     return 0;
261   }
262 
263   //new born child process
264   sigset_t signal_set_c;
265   sigfillset(&signal_set_c);
266   sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &signal_set_c, NULL);
267   setsid(); //new session
268 
269   if (x->terminal_name[0]) {
270     close(0);
271     fd = open(x->terminal_name, (O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK),0600);
272     if (fd != 0) {
273       error_msg("Unable to open %s,%s\n", x->terminal_name, strerror(errno));
274       _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
275     } else {
276       dup2(0, 1);
277       dup2(0, 2);
278     }
279   }
280   reset_term(0);
281   run_command(x->command);
282   _exit(-1);
283 }
284 
mark_as_terminated_process(pid_t pid)285 static struct action_list_seed* mark_as_terminated_process(pid_t pid)
286 {
287   struct action_list_seed *x;
288 
289   if (pid > 0) {
290     for (x = action_list_pointer; x; x = x->next) {
291       if (x->pid == pid) {
292         x->pid = 0;
293         return x;
294       }
295     }
296   }
297 
298   return NULL;
299 }
300 
waitforpid(pid_t pid)301 static void waitforpid(pid_t pid)
302 {
303   if (pid <= 0) return;
304 
305   while (!kill(pid, 0)) mark_as_terminated_process(wait(NULL));
306 }
307 
run_action_from_list(int action)308 static void run_action_from_list(int action)
309 {
310   pid_t pid;
311   struct action_list_seed *x = action_list_pointer;
312 
313   for (; x; x = x->next) {
314     if (!(x->action & action)) continue;
315     if (x->action & (SHUTDOWN|ONCE|SYSINIT|CTRLALTDEL|WAIT)) {
316       pid = final_run(x);
317       if (!pid) return;
318       if (x->action & (SHUTDOWN|SYSINIT|CTRLALTDEL|WAIT)) waitforpid(pid);
319     }
320     if (x->action & (ASKFIRST|RESPAWN))
321       if (!(x->pid)) x->pid = final_run(x);
322   }
323  }
324 
set_default(void)325 static void set_default(void)
326 {
327   sigset_t signal_set_c;
328 
329   sigatexit(SIG_DFL);
330   sigfillset(&signal_set_c);
331   sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK,&signal_set_c, NULL);
332 
333   run_action_from_list(SHUTDOWN);
334   error_msg("The system is going down NOW!");
335   kill(-1, SIGTERM);
336   error_msg("Sent SIGTERM to all processes");
337   sync();
338   sleep(1);
339   kill(-1,SIGKILL);
340   sync();
341 }
342 
halt_poweroff_reboot_handler(int sig_no)343 static void halt_poweroff_reboot_handler(int sig_no)
344 {
345   unsigned int reboot_magic_no = 0;
346   pid_t pid;
347 
348   set_default();
349 
350   switch (sig_no) {
351     case SIGUSR1:
352       error_msg("Requesting system halt");
353       reboot_magic_no=RB_HALT_SYSTEM;
354       break;
355     case SIGUSR2:
356       error_msg("Requesting system poweroff");
357       reboot_magic_no=RB_POWER_OFF;
358       break;
359     case SIGTERM:
360       error_msg("Requesting system reboot");
361       reboot_magic_no=RB_AUTOBOOT;
362       break;
363     default:
364       break;
365   }
366 
367   sleep(1);
368   pid = vfork();
369 
370   if (pid == 0) {
371     reboot(reboot_magic_no);
372     _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
373   }
374 
375   while(1) sleep(1);
376 }
377 
restart_init_handler(int sig_no)378 static void restart_init_handler(int sig_no)
379 {
380   struct action_list_seed *x;
381   pid_t pid;
382   int fd;
383 
384   for (x = action_list_pointer; x; x = x->next) {
385     if (!(x->action & RESTART)) continue;
386 
387     set_default();
388 
389     if (x->terminal_name[0]) {
390       close(0);
391       fd = open(x->terminal_name, (O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK),0600);
392 
393       if (fd != 0) {
394         error_msg("Unable to open %s,%s\n", x->terminal_name, strerror(errno));
395         sleep(1);
396         pid = vfork();
397 
398         if (pid == 0) {
399           reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
400           _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
401         }
402 
403         while(1) sleep(1);
404       } else {
405         dup2(0, 1);
406         dup2(0, 2);
407         reset_term(0);
408         run_command(x->command);
409       }
410     }
411   }
412 }
413 
catch_signal(int sig_no)414 static void catch_signal(int sig_no)
415 {
416   caught_signal = sig_no;
417   error_msg("signal seen: %d", sig_no);
418 }
419 
pause_handler(int sig_no)420 static void pause_handler(int sig_no)
421 {
422   int signal_backup,errno_backup;
423   pid_t pid;
424 
425   errno_backup = errno;
426   signal_backup = caught_signal;
427   xsignal(SIGCONT, catch_signal);
428 
429   while(1) {
430     if (caught_signal == SIGCONT) break;
431     do pid = waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG); while((pid==-1) && (errno=EINTR));
432     mark_as_terminated_process(pid);
433     sleep(1);
434   }
435 
436   signal(SIGCONT, SIG_DFL);
437   errno = errno_backup;
438   caught_signal = signal_backup;
439 }
440 
check_if_pending_signals(void)441 static int check_if_pending_signals(void)
442 {
443   int signal_caught = 0;
444 
445   while(1) {
446     int sig = caught_signal;
447     if (!sig) return signal_caught;
448     caught_signal = 0;
449     signal_caught = 1;
450     if (sig == SIGINT) run_action_from_list(CTRLALTDEL);
451     else if (sig == SIGHUP) {
452       error_msg("reloading inittab");
453       reload_inittab();
454     }
455   }
456 }
457 
init_main(void)458 void init_main(void)
459 {
460   struct sigaction sig_act;
461 
462   if (getpid() != 1) error_exit("Already running");
463   printf("Started init\n");
464   initialize_console();
465   reset_term(0);
466 
467   if (chdir("/")) perror_exit("Can't cd to /");
468   setsid();
469 
470   putenv("HOME=/");
471   putenv("PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin");
472   putenv("SHELL=/bin/sh");
473   putenv("USER=root");
474 
475   parse_inittab();
476   xsignal(SIGUSR1, halt_poweroff_reboot_handler);//halt
477   xsignal(SIGUSR2, halt_poweroff_reboot_handler);//poweroff
478   xsignal(SIGTERM, halt_poweroff_reboot_handler);//reboot
479   xsignal(SIGQUIT, restart_init_handler);//restart init
480   memset(&sig_act, 0, sizeof(sig_act));
481   sigfillset(&sig_act.sa_mask);
482   sigdelset(&sig_act.sa_mask, SIGCONT);
483   sig_act.sa_handler = pause_handler;
484   sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sig_act, NULL);
485   memset(&sig_act, 0, sizeof(sig_act));
486   sig_act.sa_handler = catch_signal;
487   sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_act, NULL);
488   sigaction(SIGHUP, &sig_act, NULL);
489   run_action_from_list(SYSINIT);
490   check_if_pending_signals();
491   run_action_from_list(WAIT);
492   check_if_pending_signals();
493   run_action_from_list(ONCE);
494   while (1) {
495     int suspected_WNOHANG = check_if_pending_signals();
496 
497     run_action_from_list(RESPAWN | ASKFIRST);
498     suspected_WNOHANG = suspected_WNOHANG|check_if_pending_signals();
499     sleep(1);//let cpu breath
500     suspected_WNOHANG = suspected_WNOHANG|check_if_pending_signals();
501     if (suspected_WNOHANG) suspected_WNOHANG=WNOHANG;
502 
503     while(1) {
504       pid_t pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, suspected_WNOHANG);
505 
506       if (pid <= 0) break;
507       mark_as_terminated_process(pid);
508       suspected_WNOHANG = WNOHANG;
509     }
510   }
511 }
512