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1 /*
2  * RoQ Video Encoder.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2007 Vitor Sessak <vitor1001@gmail.com>
5  * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Eric Lasota
6  *    Based on RoQ specs (C) 2001 Tim Ferguson
7  *
8  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
9  *
10  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
11  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
12  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
13  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
14  *
15  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
18  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
19  *
20  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
21  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
22  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
23  */
24 
25 /**
26  * @file
27  * id RoQ encoder by Vitor. Based on the Switchblade3 library and the
28  * Switchblade3 FFmpeg glue by Eric Lasota.
29  */
30 
31 /*
32  * COSTS:
33  * Level 1:
34  *  SKIP - 2 bits
35  *  MOTION - 2 + 8 bits
36  *  CODEBOOK - 2 + 8 bits
37  *  SUBDIVIDE - 2 + combined subcel cost
38  *
39  * Level 2:
40  *  SKIP - 2 bits
41  *  MOTION - 2 + 8 bits
42  *  CODEBOOK - 2 + 8 bits
43  *  SUBDIVIDE - 2 + 4*8 bits
44  *
45  * Maximum cost: 138 bits per cel
46  *
47  * Proper evaluation requires LCD fraction comparison, which requires
48  * Squared Error (SE) loss * savings increase
49  *
50  * Maximum savings increase: 136 bits
51  * Maximum SE loss without overflow: 31580641
52  * Components in 8x8 supercel: 192
53  * Maximum SE precision per component: 164482
54  *    >65025, so no truncation is needed (phew)
55  */
56 
57 #include <string.h>
58 
59 #include "libavutil/attributes.h"
60 #include "libavutil/lfg.h"
61 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
62 #include "roqvideo.h"
63 #include "bytestream.h"
64 #include "codec_internal.h"
65 #include "elbg.h"
66 #include "encode.h"
67 #include "internal.h"
68 #include "mathops.h"
69 
70 #define CHROMA_BIAS 1
71 
72 /**
73  * Maximum number of generated 4x4 codebooks. Can't be 256 to workaround a
74  * Quake 3 bug.
75  */
76 #define MAX_CBS_4x4 256
77 
78 #define MAX_CBS_2x2 256 ///< Maximum number of 2x2 codebooks.
79 
80 /* The cast is useful when multiplying it by INT_MAX */
81 #define ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE ((uint64_t) FF_LAMBDA_SCALE)
82 
83 typedef struct RoqCodebooks {
84     int numCB4;
85     int numCB2;
86     int usedCB2[MAX_CBS_2x2];
87     int usedCB4[MAX_CBS_4x4];
88     uint8_t unpacked_cb2[MAX_CBS_2x2*2*2*3];
89     uint8_t unpacked_cb4[MAX_CBS_4x4*4*4*3];
90     uint8_t unpacked_cb4_enlarged[MAX_CBS_4x4*8*8*3];
91 } RoqCodebooks;
92 
93 /**
94  * Temporary vars
95  */
96 typedef struct RoqTempData
97 {
98     int f2i4[MAX_CBS_4x4];
99     int i2f4[MAX_CBS_4x4];
100     int f2i2[MAX_CBS_2x2];
101     int i2f2[MAX_CBS_2x2];
102 
103     int mainChunkSize;
104 
105     int numCB4;
106     int numCB2;
107 
108     RoqCodebooks codebooks;
109 
110     int used_option[4];
111 } RoqTempData;
112 
113 typedef struct SubcelEvaluation {
114     int eval_dist[4];
115     int best_bit_use;
116     int best_coding;
117 
118     int subCels[4];
119     motion_vect motion;
120     int cbEntry;
121 } SubcelEvaluation;
122 
123 typedef struct CelEvaluation {
124     int eval_dist[4];
125     int best_coding;
126 
127     SubcelEvaluation subCels[4];
128 
129     motion_vect motion;
130     int cbEntry;
131 
132     int sourceX, sourceY;
133 } CelEvaluation;
134 
135 typedef struct RoqEncContext {
136     RoqContext common;
137     struct ELBGContext *elbg;
138     AVLFG randctx;
139     uint64_t lambda;
140 
141     motion_vect *this_motion4;
142     motion_vect *last_motion4;
143 
144     motion_vect *this_motion8;
145     motion_vect *last_motion8;
146 
147     unsigned int framesSinceKeyframe;
148 
149     const AVFrame *frame_to_enc;
150     uint8_t *out_buf;
151     RoqTempData tmp_data;
152     roq_cell results4[4 * MAX_CBS_4x4];
153     int tmp_codebook_buf[FFMAX(24 * MAX_CBS_4x4, 6 * MAX_CBS_2x2)];
154 
155     CelEvaluation *cel_evals;
156     int *closest_cb;
157     int *points;  // Allocated together with closest_cb
158 
159     int first_frame;
160     int quake3_compat; // Quake 3 compatibility option
161 } RoqEncContext;
162 
163 /* Macroblock support functions */
unpack_roq_cell(roq_cell * cell,uint8_t u[4* 3])164 static void unpack_roq_cell(roq_cell *cell, uint8_t u[4*3])
165 {
166     memcpy(u  , cell->y, 4);
167     memset(u+4, cell->u, 4);
168     memset(u+8, cell->v, 4);
169 }
170 
unpack_roq_qcell(uint8_t cb2[],roq_qcell * qcell,uint8_t u[4* 4* 3])171 static void unpack_roq_qcell(uint8_t cb2[], roq_qcell *qcell, uint8_t u[4*4*3])
172 {
173     int i,cp;
174     static const int offsets[4] = {0, 2, 8, 10};
175 
176     for (cp=0; cp<3; cp++)
177         for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
178             u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]  ] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp  ];
179             u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]+1] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp+1];
180             u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]+4] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp+2];
181             u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]+5] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp+3];
182         }
183 }
184 
185 
enlarge_roq_mb4(uint8_t base[3* 16],uint8_t u[3* 64])186 static void enlarge_roq_mb4(uint8_t base[3*16], uint8_t u[3*64])
187 {
188     int x,y,cp;
189 
190     for(cp=0; cp<3; cp++)
191         for(y=0; y<8; y++)
192             for(x=0; x<8; x++)
193                 *u++ = base[(y/2)*4 + (x/2) + 16*cp];
194 }
195 
square(int x)196 static inline int square(int x)
197 {
198     return x*x;
199 }
200 
eval_sse(const uint8_t * a,const uint8_t * b,int count)201 static inline int eval_sse(const uint8_t *a, const uint8_t *b, int count)
202 {
203     int diff=0;
204 
205     while(count--)
206         diff += square(*b++ - *a++);
207 
208     return diff;
209 }
210 
211 // FIXME Could use DSPContext.sse, but it is not so speed critical (used
212 // just for motion estimation).
block_sse(uint8_t * const * buf1,uint8_t * const * buf2,int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,const int * stride1,const int * stride2,int size)213 static int block_sse(uint8_t * const *buf1, uint8_t * const *buf2, int x1, int y1,
214                      int x2, int y2, const int *stride1, const int *stride2, int size)
215 {
216     int i, k;
217     int sse=0;
218 
219     for (k=0; k<3; k++) {
220         int bias = (k ? CHROMA_BIAS : 4);
221         for (i=0; i<size; i++)
222             sse += bias*eval_sse(buf1[k] + (y1+i)*stride1[k] + x1,
223                                  buf2[k] + (y2+i)*stride2[k] + x2, size);
224     }
225 
226     return sse;
227 }
228 
eval_motion_dist(RoqEncContext * enc,int x,int y,motion_vect vect,int size)229 static int eval_motion_dist(RoqEncContext *enc, int x, int y, motion_vect vect,
230                              int size)
231 {
232     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
233     int mx=vect.d[0];
234     int my=vect.d[1];
235 
236     if (mx < -7 || mx > 7)
237         return INT_MAX;
238 
239     if (my < -7 || my > 7)
240         return INT_MAX;
241 
242     mx += x;
243     my += y;
244 
245     if ((unsigned) mx > roq->width-size || (unsigned) my > roq->height-size)
246         return INT_MAX;
247 
248     return block_sse(enc->frame_to_enc->data, roq->last_frame->data, x, y,
249                      mx, my,
250                      enc->frame_to_enc->linesize, roq->last_frame->linesize,
251                      size);
252 }
253 
254 /**
255  * @return distortion between two macroblocks
256  */
squared_diff_macroblock(uint8_t a[],uint8_t b[],int size)257 static inline int squared_diff_macroblock(uint8_t a[], uint8_t b[], int size)
258 {
259     int cp, sdiff=0;
260 
261     for(cp=0;cp<3;cp++) {
262         int bias = (cp ? CHROMA_BIAS : 4);
263         sdiff += bias*eval_sse(a, b, size*size);
264         a += size*size;
265         b += size*size;
266     }
267 
268     return sdiff;
269 }
270 
271 /**
272  * Initialize cel evaluators and set their source coordinates
273  */
create_cel_evals(RoqEncContext * enc)274 static int create_cel_evals(RoqEncContext *enc)
275 {
276     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
277 
278     enc->cel_evals = av_malloc_array(roq->width * roq->height / 64, sizeof(CelEvaluation));
279     if (!enc->cel_evals)
280         return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
281 
282     /* Map to the ROQ quadtree order */
283     for (int y = 0, n = 0; y < roq->height; y += 16)
284         for (int x = 0; x < roq->width; x += 16)
285             for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
286                 enc->cel_evals[n  ].sourceX = x + (i&1)*8;
287                 enc->cel_evals[n++].sourceY = y + (i&2)*4;
288             }
289 
290     return 0;
291 }
292 
293 /**
294  * Get macroblocks from parts of the image
295  */
get_frame_mb(const AVFrame * frame,int x,int y,uint8_t mb[],int dim)296 static void get_frame_mb(const AVFrame *frame, int x, int y, uint8_t mb[], int dim)
297 {
298     int i, j, cp;
299 
300     for (cp=0; cp<3; cp++) {
301         int stride = frame->linesize[cp];
302         for (i=0; i<dim; i++)
303             for (j=0; j<dim; j++)
304                 *mb++ = frame->data[cp][(y+i)*stride + x + j];
305     }
306 }
307 
308 /**
309  * Find the codebook with the lowest distortion from an image
310  */
index_mb(uint8_t cluster[],uint8_t cb[],int numCB,int * outIndex,int dim)311 static int index_mb(uint8_t cluster[], uint8_t cb[], int numCB,
312                     int *outIndex, int dim)
313 {
314     int i, lDiff = INT_MAX, pick=0;
315 
316     /* Diff against the others */
317     for (i=0; i<numCB; i++) {
318         int diff = squared_diff_macroblock(cluster, cb + i*dim*dim*3, dim);
319         if (diff < lDiff) {
320             lDiff = diff;
321             pick = i;
322         }
323     }
324 
325     *outIndex = pick;
326     return lDiff;
327 }
328 
329 #define EVAL_MOTION(MOTION) \
330     do { \
331         diff = eval_motion_dist(enc, j, i, MOTION, blocksize); \
332             \
333         if (diff < lowestdiff) { \
334             lowestdiff = diff; \
335             bestpick = MOTION; \
336         } \
337     } while(0)
338 
motion_search(RoqEncContext * enc,int blocksize)339 static void motion_search(RoqEncContext *enc, int blocksize)
340 {
341     static const motion_vect offsets[8] = {
342         {{ 0,-1}},
343         {{ 0, 1}},
344         {{-1, 0}},
345         {{ 1, 0}},
346         {{-1, 1}},
347         {{ 1,-1}},
348         {{-1,-1}},
349         {{ 1, 1}},
350     };
351 
352     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
353     int diff, lowestdiff, oldbest;
354     int off[3];
355     motion_vect bestpick = {{0,0}};
356     int i, j, k, offset;
357 
358     motion_vect *last_motion;
359     motion_vect *this_motion;
360     motion_vect vect, vect2;
361     const int max = (roq->width / blocksize) * roq->height / blocksize;
362 
363     if (blocksize == 4) {
364         last_motion = enc->last_motion4;
365         this_motion = enc->this_motion4;
366     } else {
367         last_motion = enc->last_motion8;
368         this_motion = enc->this_motion8;
369     }
370 
371     for (i = 0; i< roq->height; i += blocksize)
372         for (j = 0; j < roq->width; j += blocksize) {
373             lowestdiff = eval_motion_dist(enc, j, i, (motion_vect) {{0,0}},
374                                           blocksize);
375             bestpick.d[0] = 0;
376             bestpick.d[1] = 0;
377 
378             if (blocksize == 4)
379                 EVAL_MOTION(enc->this_motion8[(i/8) * (roq->width/8) + j/8]);
380 
381             offset = (i/blocksize) * roq->width / blocksize + j / blocksize;
382             if (offset < max && offset >= 0)
383                 EVAL_MOTION(last_motion[offset]);
384 
385             offset++;
386             if (offset < max && offset >= 0)
387                 EVAL_MOTION(last_motion[offset]);
388 
389             offset = (i/blocksize + 1) * roq->width / blocksize + j / blocksize;
390             if (offset < max && offset >= 0)
391                 EVAL_MOTION(last_motion[offset]);
392 
393             off[0]= (i/blocksize) * roq->width / blocksize + j/blocksize - 1;
394             off[1]= off[0] - roq->width / blocksize + 1;
395             off[2]= off[1] + 1;
396 
397             if (i) {
398 
399                 for(k=0; k<2; k++)
400                     vect.d[k]= mid_pred(this_motion[off[0]].d[k],
401                                         this_motion[off[1]].d[k],
402                                         this_motion[off[2]].d[k]);
403 
404                 EVAL_MOTION(vect);
405                 for(k=0; k<3; k++)
406                     EVAL_MOTION(this_motion[off[k]]);
407             } else if(j)
408                 EVAL_MOTION(this_motion[off[0]]);
409 
410             vect = bestpick;
411 
412             oldbest = -1;
413             while (oldbest != lowestdiff) {
414                 oldbest = lowestdiff;
415                 for (k=0; k<8; k++) {
416                     vect2 = vect;
417                     vect2.d[0] += offsets[k].d[0];
418                     vect2.d[1] += offsets[k].d[1];
419                     EVAL_MOTION(vect2);
420                 }
421                 vect = bestpick;
422             }
423             offset = (i/blocksize) * roq->width / blocksize + j/blocksize;
424             this_motion[offset] = bestpick;
425         }
426 }
427 
428 /**
429  * Get distortion for all options available to a subcel
430  */
gather_data_for_subcel(SubcelEvaluation * subcel,int x,int y,RoqEncContext * enc)431 static void gather_data_for_subcel(SubcelEvaluation *subcel, int x,
432                                    int y, RoqEncContext *enc)
433 {
434     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
435     RoqTempData *const tempData = &enc->tmp_data;
436     uint8_t mb4[4*4*3];
437     uint8_t mb2[2*2*3];
438     int cluster_index;
439     int i, best_dist;
440 
441     static const int bitsUsed[4] = {2, 10, 10, 34};
442 
443     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 1) {
444         subcel->motion = enc->this_motion4[y * roq->width / 16 + x / 4];
445 
446         subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] =
447             eval_motion_dist(enc, x, y,
448                              enc->this_motion4[y * roq->width / 16 + x / 4], 4);
449     } else
450         subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] = INT_MAX;
451 
452     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 2)
453         subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = block_sse(enc->frame_to_enc->data,
454                                                   roq->current_frame->data, x,
455                                                   y, x, y,
456                                                   enc->frame_to_enc->linesize,
457                                                   roq->current_frame->linesize,
458                                                   4);
459     else
460         subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = INT_MAX;
461 
462     cluster_index = y * roq->width / 16 + x / 4;
463 
464     get_frame_mb(enc->frame_to_enc, x, y, mb4, 4);
465 
466     subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_SLD] = index_mb(mb4,
467                                              tempData->codebooks.unpacked_cb4,
468                                              tempData->codebooks.numCB4,
469                                              &subcel->cbEntry, 4);
470 
471     subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] = 0;
472 
473     for(i=0;i<4;i++) {
474         subcel->subCels[i] = enc->closest_cb[cluster_index*4+i];
475 
476         get_frame_mb(enc->frame_to_enc, x+2*(i&1),
477                      y+(i&2), mb2, 2);
478 
479         subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] +=
480             squared_diff_macroblock(tempData->codebooks.unpacked_cb2 + subcel->subCels[i]*2*2*3, mb2, 2);
481     }
482 
483     best_dist = INT_MAX;
484     for (i=0; i<4; i++)
485         if (ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*subcel->eval_dist[i] + enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i] <
486             best_dist) {
487             subcel->best_coding = i;
488             subcel->best_bit_use = bitsUsed[i];
489             best_dist = ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*subcel->eval_dist[i] +
490                 enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i];
491         }
492 }
493 
494 /**
495  * Get distortion for all options available to a cel
496  */
gather_data_for_cel(CelEvaluation * cel,RoqEncContext * enc)497 static void gather_data_for_cel(CelEvaluation *cel, RoqEncContext *enc)
498 {
499     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
500     RoqTempData *const tempData = &enc->tmp_data;
501     uint8_t mb8[8*8*3];
502     int index = cel->sourceY * roq->width / 64 + cel->sourceX/8;
503     int i, j, best_dist, divide_bit_use;
504 
505     int bitsUsed[4] = {2, 10, 10, 0};
506 
507     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 1) {
508         cel->motion = enc->this_motion8[index];
509 
510         cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] =
511             eval_motion_dist(enc, cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY,
512                              enc->this_motion8[index], 8);
513     } else
514         cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] = INT_MAX;
515 
516     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 2)
517         cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = block_sse(enc->frame_to_enc->data,
518                                                roq->current_frame->data,
519                                                cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY,
520                                                cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY,
521                                                enc->frame_to_enc->linesize,
522                                                roq->current_frame->linesize,8);
523     else
524         cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = INT_MAX;
525 
526     get_frame_mb(enc->frame_to_enc, cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY, mb8, 8);
527 
528     cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_SLD] =
529         index_mb(mb8, tempData->codebooks.unpacked_cb4_enlarged,
530                  tempData->codebooks.numCB4, &cel->cbEntry, 8);
531 
532     gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 0, cel->sourceX+0, cel->sourceY+0, enc);
533     gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 1, cel->sourceX+4, cel->sourceY+0, enc);
534     gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 2, cel->sourceX+0, cel->sourceY+4, enc);
535     gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 3, cel->sourceX+4, cel->sourceY+4, enc);
536 
537     cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] = 0;
538     divide_bit_use = 0;
539     for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
540         cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] +=
541             cel->subCels[i].eval_dist[cel->subCels[i].best_coding];
542         divide_bit_use += cel->subCels[i].best_bit_use;
543     }
544 
545     best_dist = INT_MAX;
546     bitsUsed[3] = 2 + divide_bit_use;
547 
548     for (i=0; i<4; i++)
549         if (ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*cel->eval_dist[i] + enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i] <
550             best_dist) {
551             cel->best_coding = i;
552             best_dist = ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*cel->eval_dist[i] +
553                 enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i];
554         }
555 
556     tempData->used_option[cel->best_coding]++;
557     tempData->mainChunkSize += bitsUsed[cel->best_coding];
558 
559     if (cel->best_coding == RoQ_ID_SLD)
560         tempData->codebooks.usedCB4[cel->cbEntry]++;
561 
562     if (cel->best_coding == RoQ_ID_CCC)
563         for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
564             if (cel->subCels[i].best_coding == RoQ_ID_SLD)
565                 tempData->codebooks.usedCB4[cel->subCels[i].cbEntry]++;
566             else if (cel->subCels[i].best_coding == RoQ_ID_CCC)
567                 for (j=0; j<4; j++)
568                     tempData->codebooks.usedCB2[cel->subCels[i].subCels[j]]++;
569         }
570 }
571 
remap_codebooks(RoqEncContext * enc)572 static void remap_codebooks(RoqEncContext *enc)
573 {
574     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
575     RoqTempData *const tempData = &enc->tmp_data;
576     int i, j, idx=0;
577 
578     /* Make remaps for the final codebook usage */
579     for (i=0; i<(enc->quake3_compat ? MAX_CBS_4x4-1 : MAX_CBS_4x4); i++) {
580         if (tempData->codebooks.usedCB4[i]) {
581             tempData->i2f4[i] = idx;
582             tempData->f2i4[idx] = i;
583             for (j=0; j<4; j++)
584                 tempData->codebooks.usedCB2[roq->cb4x4[i].idx[j]]++;
585             idx++;
586         }
587     }
588 
589     tempData->numCB4 = idx;
590 
591     idx = 0;
592     for (i=0; i<MAX_CBS_2x2; i++) {
593         if (tempData->codebooks.usedCB2[i]) {
594             tempData->i2f2[i] = idx;
595             tempData->f2i2[idx] = i;
596             idx++;
597         }
598     }
599     tempData->numCB2 = idx;
600 
601 }
602 
603 /**
604  * Write codebook chunk
605  */
write_codebooks(RoqEncContext * enc)606 static void write_codebooks(RoqEncContext *enc)
607 {
608     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
609     RoqTempData *const tempData = &enc->tmp_data;
610     int i, j;
611     uint8_t **outp= &enc->out_buf;
612 
613     if (tempData->numCB2) {
614         bytestream_put_le16(outp, RoQ_QUAD_CODEBOOK);
615         bytestream_put_le32(outp, tempData->numCB2*6 + tempData->numCB4*4);
616         bytestream_put_byte(outp, tempData->numCB4);
617         bytestream_put_byte(outp, tempData->numCB2);
618 
619         for (i=0; i<tempData->numCB2; i++) {
620             bytestream_put_buffer(outp, roq->cb2x2[tempData->f2i2[i]].y, 4);
621             bytestream_put_byte(outp, roq->cb2x2[tempData->f2i2[i]].u);
622             bytestream_put_byte(outp, roq->cb2x2[tempData->f2i2[i]].v);
623         }
624 
625         for (i=0; i<tempData->numCB4; i++)
626             for (j=0; j<4; j++)
627                 bytestream_put_byte(outp, tempData->i2f2[roq->cb4x4[tempData->f2i4[i]].idx[j]]);
628 
629     }
630 }
631 
motion_arg(motion_vect mot)632 static inline uint8_t motion_arg(motion_vect mot)
633 {
634     uint8_t ax = 8 - ((uint8_t) mot.d[0]);
635     uint8_t ay = 8 - ((uint8_t) mot.d[1]);
636     return ((ax&15)<<4) | (ay&15);
637 }
638 
639 typedef struct CodingSpool {
640     int typeSpool;
641     int typeSpoolLength;
642     uint8_t argumentSpool[64];
643     uint8_t *args;
644     uint8_t **pout;
645 } CodingSpool;
646 
647 /* NOTE: Typecodes must be spooled AFTER arguments!! */
write_typecode(CodingSpool * s,uint8_t type)648 static void write_typecode(CodingSpool *s, uint8_t type)
649 {
650     s->typeSpool |= (type & 3) << (14 - s->typeSpoolLength);
651     s->typeSpoolLength += 2;
652     if (s->typeSpoolLength == 16) {
653         bytestream_put_le16(s->pout, s->typeSpool);
654         bytestream_put_buffer(s->pout, s->argumentSpool,
655                               s->args - s->argumentSpool);
656         s->typeSpoolLength = 0;
657         s->typeSpool = 0;
658         s->args = s->argumentSpool;
659     }
660 }
661 
reconstruct_and_encode_image(RoqEncContext * enc,int w,int h,int numBlocks)662 static void reconstruct_and_encode_image(RoqEncContext *enc,
663                                          int w, int h, int numBlocks)
664 {
665     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
666     RoqTempData *const tempData = &enc->tmp_data;
667     int i, j, k;
668     int x, y;
669     int subX, subY;
670 
671     roq_qcell *qcell;
672     CelEvaluation *eval;
673 
674     CodingSpool spool;
675 
676     spool.typeSpool=0;
677     spool.typeSpoolLength=0;
678     spool.args = spool.argumentSpool;
679     spool.pout = &enc->out_buf;
680 
681     if (tempData->used_option[RoQ_ID_CCC]%2)
682         tempData->mainChunkSize+=8; //FIXME
683 
684     /* Write the video chunk header */
685     bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, RoQ_QUAD_VQ);
686     bytestream_put_le32(&enc->out_buf, tempData->mainChunkSize/8);
687     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x0);
688     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x0);
689 
690     for (i=0; i<numBlocks; i++) {
691         eval = enc->cel_evals + i;
692 
693         x = eval->sourceX;
694         y = eval->sourceY;
695 
696         switch (eval->best_coding) {
697         case RoQ_ID_MOT:
698             write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_MOT);
699             break;
700 
701         case RoQ_ID_FCC:
702             bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args, motion_arg(eval->motion));
703 
704             write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_FCC);
705             ff_apply_motion_8x8(roq, x, y,
706                                 eval->motion.d[0], eval->motion.d[1]);
707             break;
708 
709         case RoQ_ID_SLD:
710             bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args, tempData->i2f4[eval->cbEntry]);
711             write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_SLD);
712 
713             qcell = roq->cb4x4 + eval->cbEntry;
714             ff_apply_vector_4x4(roq, x  , y  , roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[0]);
715             ff_apply_vector_4x4(roq, x+4, y  , roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[1]);
716             ff_apply_vector_4x4(roq, x  , y+4, roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[2]);
717             ff_apply_vector_4x4(roq, x+4, y+4, roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[3]);
718             break;
719 
720         case RoQ_ID_CCC:
721             write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_CCC);
722 
723             for (j=0; j<4; j++) {
724                 subX = x + 4*(j&1);
725                 subY = y + 2*(j&2);
726 
727                 switch(eval->subCels[j].best_coding) {
728                 case RoQ_ID_MOT:
729                     break;
730 
731                 case RoQ_ID_FCC:
732                     bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args,
733                                         motion_arg(eval->subCels[j].motion));
734 
735                     ff_apply_motion_4x4(roq, subX, subY,
736                                         eval->subCels[j].motion.d[0],
737                                         eval->subCels[j].motion.d[1]);
738                     break;
739 
740                 case RoQ_ID_SLD:
741                     bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args,
742                                         tempData->i2f4[eval->subCels[j].cbEntry]);
743 
744                     qcell = roq->cb4x4 + eval->subCels[j].cbEntry;
745 
746                     ff_apply_vector_2x2(roq, subX  , subY  ,
747                                         roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[0]);
748                     ff_apply_vector_2x2(roq, subX+2, subY  ,
749                                         roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[1]);
750                     ff_apply_vector_2x2(roq, subX  , subY+2,
751                                         roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[2]);
752                     ff_apply_vector_2x2(roq, subX+2, subY+2,
753                                         roq->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[3]);
754                     break;
755 
756                 case RoQ_ID_CCC:
757                     for (k=0; k<4; k++) {
758                         int cb_idx = eval->subCels[j].subCels[k];
759                         bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args,
760                                             tempData->i2f2[cb_idx]);
761 
762                         ff_apply_vector_2x2(roq, subX + 2*(k&1), subY + (k&2),
763                                             roq->cb2x2 + cb_idx);
764                     }
765                     break;
766                 }
767                 write_typecode(&spool, eval->subCels[j].best_coding);
768             }
769             break;
770         }
771     }
772 
773     /* Flush the remainder of the argument/type spool */
774     while (spool.typeSpoolLength)
775         write_typecode(&spool, 0x0);
776 }
777 
778 
779 /**
780  * Create a single YUV cell from a 2x2 section of the image
781  */
frame_block_to_cell(int * block,uint8_t * const * data,int top,int left,const int * stride)782 static inline void frame_block_to_cell(int *block, uint8_t * const *data,
783                                        int top, int left, const int *stride)
784 {
785     int i, j, u=0, v=0;
786 
787     for (i=0; i<2; i++)
788         for (j=0; j<2; j++) {
789             int x = (top+i)*stride[0] + left + j;
790             *block++ = data[0][x];
791             x = (top+i)*stride[1] + left + j;
792             u       += data[1][x];
793             v       += data[2][x];
794         }
795 
796     *block++ = (u + 2) / 4 * CHROMA_BIAS;
797     *block++ = (v + 2) / 4 * CHROMA_BIAS;
798 }
799 
800 /**
801  * Create YUV clusters for the entire image
802  */
create_clusters(const AVFrame * frame,int w,int h,int * points)803 static void create_clusters(const AVFrame *frame, int w, int h, int *points)
804 {
805     int i, j, k, l;
806 
807     for (i=0; i<h; i+=4)
808         for (j=0; j<w; j+=4) {
809             for (k=0; k < 2; k++)
810                 for (l=0; l < 2; l++)
811                     frame_block_to_cell(points + (l + 2*k)*6, frame->data,
812                                         i+2*k, j+2*l, frame->linesize);
813             points += 24;
814         }
815 }
816 
generate_codebook(RoqEncContext * enc,int * points,int inputCount,roq_cell * results,int size,int cbsize)817 static int generate_codebook(RoqEncContext *enc,
818                              int *points, int inputCount, roq_cell *results,
819                              int size, int cbsize)
820 {
821     int i, j, k, ret = 0;
822     int c_size = size*size/4;
823     int *buf;
824     int *codebook = enc->tmp_codebook_buf;
825     int *closest_cb = enc->closest_cb;
826 
827     ret = avpriv_elbg_do(&enc->elbg, points, 6 * c_size, inputCount, codebook,
828                          cbsize, 1, closest_cb, &enc->randctx, 0);
829     if (ret < 0)
830         return ret;
831 
832     buf = codebook;
833     for (i=0; i<cbsize; i++)
834         for (k=0; k<c_size; k++) {
835             for(j=0; j<4; j++)
836                 results->y[j] = *buf++;
837 
838             results->u =    (*buf++ + CHROMA_BIAS/2)/CHROMA_BIAS;
839             results->v =    (*buf++ + CHROMA_BIAS/2)/CHROMA_BIAS;
840             results++;
841         }
842     return 0;
843 }
844 
generate_new_codebooks(RoqEncContext * enc)845 static int generate_new_codebooks(RoqEncContext *enc)
846 {
847     int i, j, ret = 0;
848     RoqCodebooks *codebooks = &enc->tmp_data.codebooks;
849     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
850     int max = roq->width * roq->height / 16;
851     uint8_t mb2[3*4];
852     int *points = enc->points;
853 
854     /* Subsample YUV data */
855     create_clusters(enc->frame_to_enc, roq->width, roq->height, points);
856 
857     codebooks->numCB4 = (enc->quake3_compat ? MAX_CBS_4x4-1 : MAX_CBS_4x4);
858 
859     /* Create 4x4 codebooks */
860     if ((ret = generate_codebook(enc, points, max, enc->results4,
861                                  4, codebooks->numCB4)) < 0)
862         return ret;
863 
864     /* Create 2x2 codebooks */
865     if ((ret = generate_codebook(enc, points, max * 4,
866                                  roq->cb2x2, 2, MAX_CBS_2x2)) < 0)
867         return ret;
868 
869     codebooks->numCB2 = MAX_CBS_2x2;
870 
871     /* Unpack 2x2 codebook clusters */
872     for (i=0; i<codebooks->numCB2; i++)
873         unpack_roq_cell(roq->cb2x2 + i, codebooks->unpacked_cb2 + i*2*2*3);
874 
875     /* Index all 4x4 entries to the 2x2 entries, unpack, and enlarge */
876     for (i=0; i<codebooks->numCB4; i++) {
877         for (j=0; j<4; j++) {
878             unpack_roq_cell(&enc->results4[4*i + j], mb2);
879             index_mb(mb2, codebooks->unpacked_cb2, codebooks->numCB2,
880                      &roq->cb4x4[i].idx[j], 2);
881         }
882         unpack_roq_qcell(codebooks->unpacked_cb2, roq->cb4x4 + i,
883                          codebooks->unpacked_cb4 + i*4*4*3);
884         enlarge_roq_mb4(codebooks->unpacked_cb4 + i*4*4*3,
885                         codebooks->unpacked_cb4_enlarged + i*8*8*3);
886     }
887 
888     return 0;
889 }
890 
roq_encode_video(RoqEncContext * enc)891 static int roq_encode_video(RoqEncContext *enc)
892 {
893     RoqTempData *const tempData = &enc->tmp_data;
894     RoqContext *const roq = &enc->common;
895     int ret;
896 
897     memset(tempData, 0, sizeof(*tempData));
898 
899     ret = generate_new_codebooks(enc);
900     if (ret < 0)
901         return ret;
902 
903     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 1) {
904         motion_search(enc, 8);
905         motion_search(enc, 4);
906     }
907 
908  retry_encode:
909     for (int i = 0; i < roq->width * roq->height / 64; i++)
910         gather_data_for_cel(enc->cel_evals + i, enc);
911 
912     /* Quake 3 can't handle chunks bigger than 65535 bytes */
913     if (tempData->mainChunkSize/8 > 65535 && enc->quake3_compat) {
914         if (enc->lambda > 100000) {
915             av_log(roq->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot encode video in Quake compatible form\n");
916             return AVERROR(EINVAL);
917         }
918         av_log(roq->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
919                "Warning, generated a frame too big for Quake (%d > 65535), "
920                "now switching to a bigger qscale value.\n",
921                tempData->mainChunkSize/8);
922         enc->lambda *= 1.5;
923         tempData->mainChunkSize = 0;
924         memset(tempData->used_option, 0, sizeof(tempData->used_option));
925         memset(tempData->codebooks.usedCB4, 0,
926                sizeof(tempData->codebooks.usedCB4));
927         memset(tempData->codebooks.usedCB2, 0,
928                sizeof(tempData->codebooks.usedCB2));
929 
930         goto retry_encode;
931     }
932 
933     remap_codebooks(enc);
934 
935     write_codebooks(enc);
936 
937     reconstruct_and_encode_image(enc, roq->width, roq->height,
938                                  roq->width * roq->height / 64);
939 
940     /* Rotate frame history */
941     FFSWAP(AVFrame *,    roq->current_frame,   roq->last_frame);
942     FFSWAP(motion_vect *, enc->last_motion4, enc->this_motion4);
943     FFSWAP(motion_vect *, enc->last_motion8, enc->this_motion8);
944 
945     enc->framesSinceKeyframe++;
946 
947     return 0;
948 }
949 
roq_encode_end(AVCodecContext * avctx)950 static av_cold int roq_encode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
951 {
952     RoqEncContext *const enc = avctx->priv_data;
953 
954     av_frame_free(&enc->common.current_frame);
955     av_frame_free(&enc->common.last_frame);
956 
957     av_freep(&enc->cel_evals);
958     av_freep(&enc->closest_cb);
959     av_freep(&enc->this_motion4);
960     av_freep(&enc->last_motion4);
961     av_freep(&enc->this_motion8);
962     av_freep(&enc->last_motion8);
963 
964     avpriv_elbg_free(&enc->elbg);
965 
966     return 0;
967 }
968 
roq_encode_init(AVCodecContext * avctx)969 static av_cold int roq_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
970 {
971     RoqEncContext *const enc = avctx->priv_data;
972     RoqContext    *const roq = &enc->common;
973 
974     av_lfg_init(&enc->randctx, 1);
975 
976     roq->avctx = avctx;
977 
978     enc->framesSinceKeyframe = 0;
979     if ((avctx->width & 0xf) || (avctx->height & 0xf)) {
980         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Dimensions must be divisible by 16\n");
981         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
982     }
983 
984     if (avctx->width > 65535 || avctx->height > 65535) {
985         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Dimensions are max %d\n", enc->quake3_compat ? 32768 : 65535);
986         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
987     }
988 
989     if (((avctx->width)&(avctx->width-1))||((avctx->height)&(avctx->height-1)))
990         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Warning: dimensions not power of two, this is not supported by quake\n");
991 
992     roq->width  = avctx->width;
993     roq->height = avctx->height;
994 
995     enc->framesSinceKeyframe = 0;
996     enc->first_frame = 1;
997 
998     roq->last_frame    = av_frame_alloc();
999     roq->current_frame = av_frame_alloc();
1000     if (!roq->last_frame || !roq->current_frame)
1001         return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1002 
1003     enc->this_motion4 =
1004         av_calloc(roq->width * roq->height / 16, sizeof(*enc->this_motion4));
1005 
1006     enc->last_motion4 =
1007         av_malloc_array (roq->width * roq->height / 16, sizeof(motion_vect));
1008 
1009     enc->this_motion8 =
1010         av_calloc(roq->width * roq->height / 64, sizeof(*enc->this_motion8));
1011 
1012     enc->last_motion8 =
1013         av_malloc_array (roq->width * roq->height / 64, sizeof(motion_vect));
1014 
1015     /* 4x4 codebook needs 6 * 4 * 4 / 4 * width * height / 16 * sizeof(int);
1016      * and so does the points buffer. */
1017     enc->closest_cb   =
1018         av_malloc_array(roq->width * roq->height, 3 * sizeof(int));
1019 
1020     if (!enc->this_motion4 || !enc->last_motion4 ||
1021         !enc->this_motion8 || !enc->last_motion8 || !enc->closest_cb)
1022         return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1023 
1024     enc->points = enc->closest_cb + roq->width * roq->height * 3 / 2;
1025 
1026     return create_cel_evals(enc);
1027 }
1028 
roq_write_video_info_chunk(RoqEncContext * enc)1029 static void roq_write_video_info_chunk(RoqEncContext *enc)
1030 {
1031     /* ROQ info chunk */
1032     bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, RoQ_INFO);
1033 
1034     /* Size: 8 bytes */
1035     bytestream_put_le32(&enc->out_buf, 8);
1036 
1037     /* Unused argument */
1038     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
1039     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
1040 
1041     /* Width */
1042     bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, enc->common.width);
1043 
1044     /* Height */
1045     bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, enc->common.height);
1046 
1047     /* Unused in Quake 3, mimics the output of the real encoder */
1048     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x08);
1049     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
1050     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x04);
1051     bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
1052 }
1053 
roq_encode_frame(AVCodecContext * avctx,AVPacket * pkt,const AVFrame * frame,int * got_packet)1054 static int roq_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *pkt,
1055                             const AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet)
1056 {
1057     RoqEncContext *const enc = avctx->priv_data;
1058     RoqContext    *const roq = &enc->common;
1059     int size, ret;
1060 
1061     roq->avctx = avctx;
1062 
1063     enc->frame_to_enc = frame;
1064 
1065     if (frame->quality)
1066         enc->lambda = frame->quality - 1;
1067     else
1068         enc->lambda = 2*ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE;
1069 
1070     /* 138 bits max per 8x8 block +
1071      *     256 codebooks*(6 bytes 2x2 + 4 bytes 4x4) + 8 bytes frame header */
1072     size = ((roq->width * roq->height / 64) * 138 + 7) / 8 + 256 * (6 + 4) + 8;
1073     if ((ret = ff_alloc_packet(avctx, pkt, size)) < 0)
1074         return ret;
1075     enc->out_buf = pkt->data;
1076 
1077     /* Check for I-frame */
1078     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe == avctx->gop_size)
1079         enc->framesSinceKeyframe = 0;
1080 
1081     if (enc->first_frame) {
1082         /* Alloc memory for the reconstruction data (we must know the stride
1083          for that) */
1084         if ((ret = ff_encode_alloc_frame(avctx, roq->current_frame)) < 0 ||
1085             (ret = ff_encode_alloc_frame(avctx, roq->last_frame   )) < 0)
1086             return ret;
1087 
1088         /* Before the first video frame, write a "video info" chunk */
1089         roq_write_video_info_chunk(enc);
1090 
1091         enc->first_frame = 0;
1092     }
1093 
1094     /* Encode the actual frame */
1095     ret = roq_encode_video(enc);
1096     if (ret < 0)
1097         return ret;
1098 
1099     pkt->size   = enc->out_buf - pkt->data;
1100     if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe == 1)
1101         pkt->flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
1102     *got_packet = 1;
1103 
1104     return 0;
1105 }
1106 
1107 #define OFFSET(x) offsetof(RoqEncContext, x)
1108 #define VE AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM | AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM
1109 static const AVOption options[] = {
1110     { "quake3_compat", "Whether to respect known limitations in Quake 3 decoder", OFFSET(quake3_compat), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 1, VE },
1111     { NULL },
1112 };
1113 
1114 static const AVClass roq_class = {
1115     .class_name = "RoQ",
1116     .item_name  = av_default_item_name,
1117     .option     = options,
1118     .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
1119 };
1120 
1121 const FFCodec ff_roq_encoder = {
1122     .p.name               = "roqvideo",
1123     .p.long_name          = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("id RoQ video"),
1124     .p.type               = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
1125     .p.id                 = AV_CODEC_ID_ROQ,
1126     .priv_data_size       = sizeof(RoqEncContext),
1127     .init                 = roq_encode_init,
1128     FF_CODEC_ENCODE_CB(roq_encode_frame),
1129     .close                = roq_encode_end,
1130     .p.pix_fmts           = (const enum AVPixelFormat[]){ AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ444P,
1131                                                         AV_PIX_FMT_NONE },
1132     .p.priv_class   = &roq_class,
1133     .caps_internal        = FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_THREADSAFE | FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_CLEANUP,
1134 };
1135