1 # 2 # XML-RPC CLIENT LIBRARY 3 # $Id$ 4 # 5 # an XML-RPC client interface for Python. 6 # 7 # the marshalling and response parser code can also be used to 8 # implement XML-RPC servers. 9 # 10 # Notes: 11 # this version is designed to work with Python 2.1 or newer. 12 # 13 # History: 14 # 1999-01-14 fl Created 15 # 1999-01-15 fl Changed dateTime to use localtime 16 # 1999-01-16 fl Added Binary/base64 element, default to RPC2 service 17 # 1999-01-19 fl Fixed array data element (from Skip Montanaro) 18 # 1999-01-21 fl Fixed dateTime constructor, etc. 19 # 1999-02-02 fl Added fault handling, handle empty sequences, etc. 20 # 1999-02-10 fl Fixed problem with empty responses (from Skip Montanaro) 21 # 1999-06-20 fl Speed improvements, pluggable parsers/transports (0.9.8) 22 # 2000-11-28 fl Changed boolean to check the truth value of its argument 23 # 2001-02-24 fl Added encoding/Unicode/SafeTransport patches 24 # 2001-02-26 fl Added compare support to wrappers (0.9.9/1.0b1) 25 # 2001-03-28 fl Make sure response tuple is a singleton 26 # 2001-03-29 fl Don't require empty params element (from Nicholas Riley) 27 # 2001-06-10 fl Folded in _xmlrpclib accelerator support (1.0b2) 28 # 2001-08-20 fl Base xmlrpclib.Error on built-in Exception (from Paul Prescod) 29 # 2001-09-03 fl Allow Transport subclass to override getparser 30 # 2001-09-10 fl Lazy import of urllib, cgi, xmllib (20x import speedup) 31 # 2001-10-01 fl Remove containers from memo cache when done with them 32 # 2001-10-01 fl Use faster escape method (80% dumps speedup) 33 # 2001-10-02 fl More dumps microtuning 34 # 2001-10-04 fl Make sure import expat gets a parser (from Guido van Rossum) 35 # 2001-10-10 sm Allow long ints to be passed as ints if they don't overflow 36 # 2001-10-17 sm Test for int and long overflow (allows use on 64-bit systems) 37 # 2001-11-12 fl Use repr() to marshal doubles (from Paul Felix) 38 # 2002-03-17 fl Avoid buffered read when possible (from James Rucker) 39 # 2002-04-07 fl Added pythondoc comments 40 # 2002-04-16 fl Added __str__ methods to datetime/binary wrappers 41 # 2002-05-15 fl Added error constants (from Andrew Kuchling) 42 # 2002-06-27 fl Merged with Python CVS version 43 # 2002-10-22 fl Added basic authentication (based on code from Phillip Eby) 44 # 2003-01-22 sm Add support for the bool type 45 # 2003-02-27 gvr Remove apply calls 46 # 2003-04-24 sm Use cStringIO if available 47 # 2003-04-25 ak Add support for nil 48 # 2003-06-15 gn Add support for time.struct_time 49 # 2003-07-12 gp Correct marshalling of Faults 50 # 2003-10-31 mvl Add multicall support 51 # 2004-08-20 mvl Bump minimum supported Python version to 2.1 52 # 2014-12-02 ch/doko Add workaround for gzip bomb vulnerability 53 # 54 # Copyright (c) 1999-2002 by Secret Labs AB. 55 # Copyright (c) 1999-2002 by Fredrik Lundh. 56 # 57 # info@pythonware.com 58 # http://www.pythonware.com 59 # 60 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 # The XML-RPC client interface is 62 # 63 # Copyright (c) 1999-2002 by Secret Labs AB 64 # Copyright (c) 1999-2002 by Fredrik Lundh 65 # 66 # By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its 67 # associated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood, 68 # and will comply with the following terms and conditions: 69 # 70 # Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and 71 # its associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is 72 # hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in 73 # all copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission 74 # notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of 75 # Secret Labs AB or the author not be used in advertising or publicity 76 # pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written 77 # prior permission. 78 # 79 # SECRET LABS AB AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD 80 # TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT- 81 # ABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL SECRET LABS AB OR THE AUTHOR 82 # BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY 83 # DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, 84 # WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS 85 # ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE 86 # OF THIS SOFTWARE. 87 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 88 89 """ 90 An XML-RPC client interface for Python. 91 92 The marshalling and response parser code can also be used to 93 implement XML-RPC servers. 94 95 Exported exceptions: 96 97 Error Base class for client errors 98 ProtocolError Indicates an HTTP protocol error 99 ResponseError Indicates a broken response package 100 Fault Indicates an XML-RPC fault package 101 102 Exported classes: 103 104 ServerProxy Represents a logical connection to an XML-RPC server 105 106 MultiCall Executor of boxcared xmlrpc requests 107 DateTime dateTime wrapper for an ISO 8601 string or time tuple or 108 localtime integer value to generate a "dateTime.iso8601" 109 XML-RPC value 110 Binary binary data wrapper 111 112 Marshaller Generate an XML-RPC params chunk from a Python data structure 113 Unmarshaller Unmarshal an XML-RPC response from incoming XML event message 114 Transport Handles an HTTP transaction to an XML-RPC server 115 SafeTransport Handles an HTTPS transaction to an XML-RPC server 116 117 Exported constants: 118 119 (none) 120 121 Exported functions: 122 123 getparser Create instance of the fastest available parser & attach 124 to an unmarshalling object 125 dumps Convert an argument tuple or a Fault instance to an XML-RPC 126 request (or response, if the methodresponse option is used). 127 loads Convert an XML-RPC packet to unmarshalled data plus a method 128 name (None if not present). 129 """ 130 131 import base64 132 import sys 133 import time 134 from datetime import datetime 135 from decimal import Decimal 136 import http.client 137 import urllib.parse 138 from xml.parsers import expat 139 import errno 140 from io import BytesIO 141 try: 142 import gzip 143 except ImportError: 144 gzip = None #python can be built without zlib/gzip support 145 146 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 147 # Internal stuff 148 149 def escape(s): 150 s = s.replace("&", "&") 151 s = s.replace("<", "<") 152 return s.replace(">", ">",) 153 154 # used in User-Agent header sent 155 __version__ = '%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2] 156 157 # xmlrpc integer limits 158 MAXINT = 2**31-1 159 MININT = -2**31 160 161 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 162 # Error constants (from Dan Libby's specification at 163 # http://xmlrpc-epi.sourceforge.net/specs/rfc.fault_codes.php) 164 165 # Ranges of errors 166 PARSE_ERROR = -32700 167 SERVER_ERROR = -32600 168 APPLICATION_ERROR = -32500 169 SYSTEM_ERROR = -32400 170 TRANSPORT_ERROR = -32300 171 172 # Specific errors 173 NOT_WELLFORMED_ERROR = -32700 174 UNSUPPORTED_ENCODING = -32701 175 INVALID_ENCODING_CHAR = -32702 176 INVALID_XMLRPC = -32600 177 METHOD_NOT_FOUND = -32601 178 INVALID_METHOD_PARAMS = -32602 179 INTERNAL_ERROR = -32603 180 181 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 182 # Exceptions 183 184 ## 185 # Base class for all kinds of client-side errors. 186 187 class Error(Exception): 188 """Base class for client errors.""" 189 __str__ = object.__str__ 190 191 ## 192 # Indicates an HTTP-level protocol error. This is raised by the HTTP 193 # transport layer, if the server returns an error code other than 200 194 # (OK). 195 # 196 # @param url The target URL. 197 # @param errcode The HTTP error code. 198 # @param errmsg The HTTP error message. 199 # @param headers The HTTP header dictionary. 200 201 class ProtocolError(Error): 202 """Indicates an HTTP protocol error.""" 203 def __init__(self, url, errcode, errmsg, headers): 204 Error.__init__(self) 205 self.url = url 206 self.errcode = errcode 207 self.errmsg = errmsg 208 self.headers = headers 209 def __repr__(self): 210 return ( 211 "<%s for %s: %s %s>" % 212 (self.__class__.__name__, self.url, self.errcode, self.errmsg) 213 ) 214 215 ## 216 # Indicates a broken XML-RPC response package. This exception is 217 # raised by the unmarshalling layer, if the XML-RPC response is 218 # malformed. 219 220 class ResponseError(Error): 221 """Indicates a broken response package.""" 222 pass 223 224 ## 225 # Indicates an XML-RPC fault response package. This exception is 226 # raised by the unmarshalling layer, if the XML-RPC response contains 227 # a fault string. This exception can also be used as a class, to 228 # generate a fault XML-RPC message. 229 # 230 # @param faultCode The XML-RPC fault code. 231 # @param faultString The XML-RPC fault string. 232 233 class Fault(Error): 234 """Indicates an XML-RPC fault package.""" 235 def __init__(self, faultCode, faultString, **extra): 236 Error.__init__(self) 237 self.faultCode = faultCode 238 self.faultString = faultString 239 def __repr__(self): 240 return "<%s %s: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, 241 self.faultCode, self.faultString) 242 243 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 244 # Special values 245 246 ## 247 # Backwards compatibility 248 249 boolean = Boolean = bool 250 251 ## 252 # Wrapper for XML-RPC DateTime values. This converts a time value to 253 # the format used by XML-RPC. 254 # <p> 255 # The value can be given as a datetime object, as a string in the 256 # format "yyyymmddThh:mm:ss", as a 9-item time tuple (as returned by 257 # time.localtime()), or an integer value (as returned by time.time()). 258 # The wrapper uses time.localtime() to convert an integer to a time 259 # tuple. 260 # 261 # @param value The time, given as a datetime object, an ISO 8601 string, 262 # a time tuple, or an integer time value. 263 264 265 # Issue #13305: different format codes across platforms 266 _day0 = datetime(1, 1, 1) 267 def _try(fmt): 268 try: 269 return _day0.strftime(fmt) == '0001' 270 except ValueError: 271 return False 272 if _try('%Y'): # Mac OS X 273 def _iso8601_format(value): 274 return value.strftime("%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S") 275 elif _try('%4Y'): # Linux 276 def _iso8601_format(value): 277 return value.strftime("%4Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S") 278 else: 279 def _iso8601_format(value): 280 return value.strftime("%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S").zfill(17) 281 del _day0 282 del _try 283 284 285 def _strftime(value): 286 if isinstance(value, datetime): 287 return _iso8601_format(value) 288 289 if not isinstance(value, (tuple, time.struct_time)): 290 if value == 0: 291 value = time.time() 292 value = time.localtime(value) 293 294 return "%04d%02d%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d" % value[:6] 295 296 class DateTime: 297 """DateTime wrapper for an ISO 8601 string or time tuple or 298 localtime integer value to generate 'dateTime.iso8601' XML-RPC 299 value. 300 """ 301 302 def __init__(self, value=0): 303 if isinstance(value, str): 304 self.value = value 305 else: 306 self.value = _strftime(value) 307 308 def make_comparable(self, other): 309 if isinstance(other, DateTime): 310 s = self.value 311 o = other.value 312 elif isinstance(other, datetime): 313 s = self.value 314 o = _iso8601_format(other) 315 elif isinstance(other, str): 316 s = self.value 317 o = other 318 elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"): 319 s = self.timetuple() 320 o = other.timetuple() 321 else: 322 s = self 323 o = NotImplemented 324 return s, o 325 326 def __lt__(self, other): 327 s, o = self.make_comparable(other) 328 if o is NotImplemented: 329 return NotImplemented 330 return s < o 331 332 def __le__(self, other): 333 s, o = self.make_comparable(other) 334 if o is NotImplemented: 335 return NotImplemented 336 return s <= o 337 338 def __gt__(self, other): 339 s, o = self.make_comparable(other) 340 if o is NotImplemented: 341 return NotImplemented 342 return s > o 343 344 def __ge__(self, other): 345 s, o = self.make_comparable(other) 346 if o is NotImplemented: 347 return NotImplemented 348 return s >= o 349 350 def __eq__(self, other): 351 s, o = self.make_comparable(other) 352 if o is NotImplemented: 353 return NotImplemented 354 return s == o 355 356 def timetuple(self): 357 return time.strptime(self.value, "%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S") 358 359 ## 360 # Get date/time value. 361 # 362 # @return Date/time value, as an ISO 8601 string. 363 364 def __str__(self): 365 return self.value 366 367 def __repr__(self): 368 return "<%s %r at %#x>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.value, id(self)) 369 370 def decode(self, data): 371 self.value = str(data).strip() 372 373 def encode(self, out): 374 out.write("<value><dateTime.iso8601>") 375 out.write(self.value) 376 out.write("</dateTime.iso8601></value>\n") 377 378 def _datetime(data): 379 # decode xml element contents into a DateTime structure. 380 value = DateTime() 381 value.decode(data) 382 return value 383 384 def _datetime_type(data): 385 return datetime.strptime(data, "%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S") 386 387 ## 388 # Wrapper for binary data. This can be used to transport any kind 389 # of binary data over XML-RPC, using BASE64 encoding. 390 # 391 # @param data An 8-bit string containing arbitrary data. 392 393 class Binary: 394 """Wrapper for binary data.""" 395 396 def __init__(self, data=None): 397 if data is None: 398 data = b"" 399 else: 400 if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)): 401 raise TypeError("expected bytes or bytearray, not %s" % 402 data.__class__.__name__) 403 data = bytes(data) # Make a copy of the bytes! 404 self.data = data 405 406 ## 407 # Get buffer contents. 408 # 409 # @return Buffer contents, as an 8-bit string. 410 411 def __str__(self): 412 return str(self.data, "latin-1") # XXX encoding?! 413 414 def __eq__(self, other): 415 if isinstance(other, Binary): 416 other = other.data 417 return self.data == other 418 419 def decode(self, data): 420 self.data = base64.decodebytes(data) 421 422 def encode(self, out): 423 out.write("<value><base64>\n") 424 encoded = base64.encodebytes(self.data) 425 out.write(encoded.decode('ascii')) 426 out.write("</base64></value>\n") 427 428 def _binary(data): 429 # decode xml element contents into a Binary structure 430 value = Binary() 431 value.decode(data) 432 return value 433 434 WRAPPERS = (DateTime, Binary) 435 436 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 437 # XML parsers 438 439 class ExpatParser: 440 # fast expat parser for Python 2.0 and later. 441 def __init__(self, target): 442 self._parser = parser = expat.ParserCreate(None, None) 443 self._target = target 444 parser.StartElementHandler = target.start 445 parser.EndElementHandler = target.end 446 parser.CharacterDataHandler = target.data 447 encoding = None 448 target.xml(encoding, None) 449 450 def feed(self, data): 451 self._parser.Parse(data, False) 452 453 def close(self): 454 try: 455 parser = self._parser 456 except AttributeError: 457 pass 458 else: 459 del self._target, self._parser # get rid of circular references 460 parser.Parse(b"", True) # end of data 461 462 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 463 # XML-RPC marshalling and unmarshalling code 464 465 ## 466 # XML-RPC marshaller. 467 # 468 # @param encoding Default encoding for 8-bit strings. The default 469 # value is None (interpreted as UTF-8). 470 # @see dumps 471 472 class Marshaller: 473 """Generate an XML-RPC params chunk from a Python data structure. 474 475 Create a Marshaller instance for each set of parameters, and use 476 the "dumps" method to convert your data (represented as a tuple) 477 to an XML-RPC params chunk. To write a fault response, pass a 478 Fault instance instead. You may prefer to use the "dumps" module 479 function for this purpose. 480 """ 481 482 # by the way, if you don't understand what's going on in here, 483 # that's perfectly ok. 484 485 def __init__(self, encoding=None, allow_none=False): 486 self.memo = {} 487 self.data = None 488 self.encoding = encoding 489 self.allow_none = allow_none 490 491 dispatch = {} 492 493 def dumps(self, values): 494 out = [] 495 write = out.append 496 dump = self.__dump 497 if isinstance(values, Fault): 498 # fault instance 499 write("<fault>\n") 500 dump({'faultCode': values.faultCode, 501 'faultString': values.faultString}, 502 write) 503 write("</fault>\n") 504 else: 505 # parameter block 506 # FIXME: the xml-rpc specification allows us to leave out 507 # the entire <params> block if there are no parameters. 508 # however, changing this may break older code (including 509 # old versions of xmlrpclib.py), so this is better left as 510 # is for now. See @XMLRPC3 for more information. /F 511 write("<params>\n") 512 for v in values: 513 write("<param>\n") 514 dump(v, write) 515 write("</param>\n") 516 write("</params>\n") 517 result = "".join(out) 518 return result 519 520 def __dump(self, value, write): 521 try: 522 f = self.dispatch[type(value)] 523 except KeyError: 524 # check if this object can be marshalled as a structure 525 if not hasattr(value, '__dict__'): 526 raise TypeError("cannot marshal %s objects" % type(value)) 527 # check if this class is a sub-class of a basic type, 528 # because we don't know how to marshal these types 529 # (e.g. a string sub-class) 530 for type_ in type(value).__mro__: 531 if type_ in self.dispatch.keys(): 532 raise TypeError("cannot marshal %s objects" % type(value)) 533 # XXX(twouters): using "_arbitrary_instance" as key as a quick-fix 534 # for the p3yk merge, this should probably be fixed more neatly. 535 f = self.dispatch["_arbitrary_instance"] 536 f(self, value, write) 537 538 def dump_nil (self, value, write): 539 if not self.allow_none: 540 raise TypeError("cannot marshal None unless allow_none is enabled") 541 write("<value><nil/></value>") 542 dispatch[type(None)] = dump_nil 543 544 def dump_bool(self, value, write): 545 write("<value><boolean>") 546 write(value and "1" or "0") 547 write("</boolean></value>\n") 548 dispatch[bool] = dump_bool 549 550 def dump_long(self, value, write): 551 if value > MAXINT or value < MININT: 552 raise OverflowError("int exceeds XML-RPC limits") 553 write("<value><int>") 554 write(str(int(value))) 555 write("</int></value>\n") 556 dispatch[int] = dump_long 557 558 # backward compatible 559 dump_int = dump_long 560 561 def dump_double(self, value, write): 562 write("<value><double>") 563 write(repr(value)) 564 write("</double></value>\n") 565 dispatch[float] = dump_double 566 567 def dump_unicode(self, value, write, escape=escape): 568 write("<value><string>") 569 write(escape(value)) 570 write("</string></value>\n") 571 dispatch[str] = dump_unicode 572 573 def dump_bytes(self, value, write): 574 write("<value><base64>\n") 575 encoded = base64.encodebytes(value) 576 write(encoded.decode('ascii')) 577 write("</base64></value>\n") 578 dispatch[bytes] = dump_bytes 579 dispatch[bytearray] = dump_bytes 580 581 def dump_array(self, value, write): 582 i = id(value) 583 if i in self.memo: 584 raise TypeError("cannot marshal recursive sequences") 585 self.memo[i] = None 586 dump = self.__dump 587 write("<value><array><data>\n") 588 for v in value: 589 dump(v, write) 590 write("</data></array></value>\n") 591 del self.memo[i] 592 dispatch[tuple] = dump_array 593 dispatch[list] = dump_array 594 595 def dump_struct(self, value, write, escape=escape): 596 i = id(value) 597 if i in self.memo: 598 raise TypeError("cannot marshal recursive dictionaries") 599 self.memo[i] = None 600 dump = self.__dump 601 write("<value><struct>\n") 602 for k, v in value.items(): 603 write("<member>\n") 604 if not isinstance(k, str): 605 raise TypeError("dictionary key must be string") 606 write("<name>%s</name>\n" % escape(k)) 607 dump(v, write) 608 write("</member>\n") 609 write("</struct></value>\n") 610 del self.memo[i] 611 dispatch[dict] = dump_struct 612 613 def dump_datetime(self, value, write): 614 write("<value><dateTime.iso8601>") 615 write(_strftime(value)) 616 write("</dateTime.iso8601></value>\n") 617 dispatch[datetime] = dump_datetime 618 619 def dump_instance(self, value, write): 620 # check for special wrappers 621 if value.__class__ in WRAPPERS: 622 self.write = write 623 value.encode(self) 624 del self.write 625 else: 626 # store instance attributes as a struct (really?) 627 self.dump_struct(value.__dict__, write) 628 dispatch[DateTime] = dump_instance 629 dispatch[Binary] = dump_instance 630 # XXX(twouters): using "_arbitrary_instance" as key as a quick-fix 631 # for the p3yk merge, this should probably be fixed more neatly. 632 dispatch["_arbitrary_instance"] = dump_instance 633 634 ## 635 # XML-RPC unmarshaller. 636 # 637 # @see loads 638 639 class Unmarshaller: 640 """Unmarshal an XML-RPC response, based on incoming XML event 641 messages (start, data, end). Call close() to get the resulting 642 data structure. 643 644 Note that this reader is fairly tolerant, and gladly accepts bogus 645 XML-RPC data without complaining (but not bogus XML). 646 """ 647 648 # and again, if you don't understand what's going on in here, 649 # that's perfectly ok. 650 651 def __init__(self, use_datetime=False, use_builtin_types=False): 652 self._type = None 653 self._stack = [] 654 self._marks = [] 655 self._data = [] 656 self._value = False 657 self._methodname = None 658 self._encoding = "utf-8" 659 self.append = self._stack.append 660 self._use_datetime = use_builtin_types or use_datetime 661 self._use_bytes = use_builtin_types 662 663 def close(self): 664 # return response tuple and target method 665 if self._type is None or self._marks: 666 raise ResponseError() 667 if self._type == "fault": 668 raise Fault(**self._stack[0]) 669 return tuple(self._stack) 670 671 def getmethodname(self): 672 return self._methodname 673 674 # 675 # event handlers 676 677 def xml(self, encoding, standalone): 678 self._encoding = encoding 679 # FIXME: assert standalone == 1 ??? 680 681 def start(self, tag, attrs): 682 # prepare to handle this element 683 if ':' in tag: 684 tag = tag.split(':')[-1] 685 if tag == "array" or tag == "struct": 686 self._marks.append(len(self._stack)) 687 self._data = [] 688 if self._value and tag not in self.dispatch: 689 raise ResponseError("unknown tag %r" % tag) 690 self._value = (tag == "value") 691 692 def data(self, text): 693 self._data.append(text) 694 695 def end(self, tag): 696 # call the appropriate end tag handler 697 try: 698 f = self.dispatch[tag] 699 except KeyError: 700 if ':' not in tag: 701 return # unknown tag ? 702 try: 703 f = self.dispatch[tag.split(':')[-1]] 704 except KeyError: 705 return # unknown tag ? 706 return f(self, "".join(self._data)) 707 708 # 709 # accelerator support 710 711 def end_dispatch(self, tag, data): 712 # dispatch data 713 try: 714 f = self.dispatch[tag] 715 except KeyError: 716 if ':' not in tag: 717 return # unknown tag ? 718 try: 719 f = self.dispatch[tag.split(':')[-1]] 720 except KeyError: 721 return # unknown tag ? 722 return f(self, data) 723 724 # 725 # element decoders 726 727 dispatch = {} 728 729 def end_nil (self, data): 730 self.append(None) 731 self._value = 0 732 dispatch["nil"] = end_nil 733 734 def end_boolean(self, data): 735 if data == "0": 736 self.append(False) 737 elif data == "1": 738 self.append(True) 739 else: 740 raise TypeError("bad boolean value") 741 self._value = 0 742 dispatch["boolean"] = end_boolean 743 744 def end_int(self, data): 745 self.append(int(data)) 746 self._value = 0 747 dispatch["i1"] = end_int 748 dispatch["i2"] = end_int 749 dispatch["i4"] = end_int 750 dispatch["i8"] = end_int 751 dispatch["int"] = end_int 752 dispatch["biginteger"] = end_int 753 754 def end_double(self, data): 755 self.append(float(data)) 756 self._value = 0 757 dispatch["double"] = end_double 758 dispatch["float"] = end_double 759 760 def end_bigdecimal(self, data): 761 self.append(Decimal(data)) 762 self._value = 0 763 dispatch["bigdecimal"] = end_bigdecimal 764 765 def end_string(self, data): 766 if self._encoding: 767 data = data.decode(self._encoding) 768 self.append(data) 769 self._value = 0 770 dispatch["string"] = end_string 771 dispatch["name"] = end_string # struct keys are always strings 772 773 def end_array(self, data): 774 mark = self._marks.pop() 775 # map arrays to Python lists 776 self._stack[mark:] = [self._stack[mark:]] 777 self._value = 0 778 dispatch["array"] = end_array 779 780 def end_struct(self, data): 781 mark = self._marks.pop() 782 # map structs to Python dictionaries 783 dict = {} 784 items = self._stack[mark:] 785 for i in range(0, len(items), 2): 786 dict[items[i]] = items[i+1] 787 self._stack[mark:] = [dict] 788 self._value = 0 789 dispatch["struct"] = end_struct 790 791 def end_base64(self, data): 792 value = Binary() 793 value.decode(data.encode("ascii")) 794 if self._use_bytes: 795 value = value.data 796 self.append(value) 797 self._value = 0 798 dispatch["base64"] = end_base64 799 800 def end_dateTime(self, data): 801 value = DateTime() 802 value.decode(data) 803 if self._use_datetime: 804 value = _datetime_type(data) 805 self.append(value) 806 dispatch["dateTime.iso8601"] = end_dateTime 807 808 def end_value(self, data): 809 # if we stumble upon a value element with no internal 810 # elements, treat it as a string element 811 if self._value: 812 self.end_string(data) 813 dispatch["value"] = end_value 814 815 def end_params(self, data): 816 self._type = "params" 817 dispatch["params"] = end_params 818 819 def end_fault(self, data): 820 self._type = "fault" 821 dispatch["fault"] = end_fault 822 823 def end_methodName(self, data): 824 if self._encoding: 825 data = data.decode(self._encoding) 826 self._methodname = data 827 self._type = "methodName" # no params 828 dispatch["methodName"] = end_methodName 829 830 ## Multicall support 831 # 832 833 class _MultiCallMethod: 834 # some lesser magic to store calls made to a MultiCall object 835 # for batch execution 836 def __init__(self, call_list, name): 837 self.__call_list = call_list 838 self.__name = name 839 def __getattr__(self, name): 840 return _MultiCallMethod(self.__call_list, "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name)) 841 def __call__(self, *args): 842 self.__call_list.append((self.__name, args)) 843 844 class MultiCallIterator: 845 """Iterates over the results of a multicall. Exceptions are 846 raised in response to xmlrpc faults.""" 847 848 def __init__(self, results): 849 self.results = results 850 851 def __getitem__(self, i): 852 item = self.results[i] 853 if type(item) == type({}): 854 raise Fault(item['faultCode'], item['faultString']) 855 elif type(item) == type([]): 856 return item[0] 857 else: 858 raise ValueError("unexpected type in multicall result") 859 860 class MultiCall: 861 """server -> an object used to boxcar method calls 862 863 server should be a ServerProxy object. 864 865 Methods can be added to the MultiCall using normal 866 method call syntax e.g.: 867 868 multicall = MultiCall(server_proxy) 869 multicall.add(2,3) 870 multicall.get_address("Guido") 871 872 To execute the multicall, call the MultiCall object e.g.: 873 874 add_result, address = multicall() 875 """ 876 877 def __init__(self, server): 878 self.__server = server 879 self.__call_list = [] 880 881 def __repr__(self): 882 return "<%s at %#x>" % (self.__class__.__name__, id(self)) 883 884 def __getattr__(self, name): 885 return _MultiCallMethod(self.__call_list, name) 886 887 def __call__(self): 888 marshalled_list = [] 889 for name, args in self.__call_list: 890 marshalled_list.append({'methodName' : name, 'params' : args}) 891 892 return MultiCallIterator(self.__server.system.multicall(marshalled_list)) 893 894 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 895 # convenience functions 896 897 FastMarshaller = FastParser = FastUnmarshaller = None 898 899 ## 900 # Create a parser object, and connect it to an unmarshalling instance. 901 # This function picks the fastest available XML parser. 902 # 903 # return A (parser, unmarshaller) tuple. 904 905 def getparser(use_datetime=False, use_builtin_types=False): 906 """getparser() -> parser, unmarshaller 907 908 Create an instance of the fastest available parser, and attach it 909 to an unmarshalling object. Return both objects. 910 """ 911 if FastParser and FastUnmarshaller: 912 if use_builtin_types: 913 mkdatetime = _datetime_type 914 mkbytes = base64.decodebytes 915 elif use_datetime: 916 mkdatetime = _datetime_type 917 mkbytes = _binary 918 else: 919 mkdatetime = _datetime 920 mkbytes = _binary 921 target = FastUnmarshaller(True, False, mkbytes, mkdatetime, Fault) 922 parser = FastParser(target) 923 else: 924 target = Unmarshaller(use_datetime=use_datetime, use_builtin_types=use_builtin_types) 925 if FastParser: 926 parser = FastParser(target) 927 else: 928 parser = ExpatParser(target) 929 return parser, target 930 931 ## 932 # Convert a Python tuple or a Fault instance to an XML-RPC packet. 933 # 934 # @def dumps(params, **options) 935 # @param params A tuple or Fault instance. 936 # @keyparam methodname If given, create a methodCall request for 937 # this method name. 938 # @keyparam methodresponse If given, create a methodResponse packet. 939 # If used with a tuple, the tuple must be a singleton (that is, 940 # it must contain exactly one element). 941 # @keyparam encoding The packet encoding. 942 # @return A string containing marshalled data. 943 944 def dumps(params, methodname=None, methodresponse=None, encoding=None, 945 allow_none=False): 946 """data [,options] -> marshalled data 947 948 Convert an argument tuple or a Fault instance to an XML-RPC 949 request (or response, if the methodresponse option is used). 950 951 In addition to the data object, the following options can be given 952 as keyword arguments: 953 954 methodname: the method name for a methodCall packet 955 956 methodresponse: true to create a methodResponse packet. 957 If this option is used with a tuple, the tuple must be 958 a singleton (i.e. it can contain only one element). 959 960 encoding: the packet encoding (default is UTF-8) 961 962 All byte strings in the data structure are assumed to use the 963 packet encoding. Unicode strings are automatically converted, 964 where necessary. 965 """ 966 967 assert isinstance(params, (tuple, Fault)), "argument must be tuple or Fault instance" 968 if isinstance(params, Fault): 969 methodresponse = 1 970 elif methodresponse and isinstance(params, tuple): 971 assert len(params) == 1, "response tuple must be a singleton" 972 973 if not encoding: 974 encoding = "utf-8" 975 976 if FastMarshaller: 977 m = FastMarshaller(encoding) 978 else: 979 m = Marshaller(encoding, allow_none) 980 981 data = m.dumps(params) 982 983 if encoding != "utf-8": 984 xmlheader = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='%s'?>\n" % str(encoding) 985 else: 986 xmlheader = "<?xml version='1.0'?>\n" # utf-8 is default 987 988 # standard XML-RPC wrappings 989 if methodname: 990 # a method call 991 data = ( 992 xmlheader, 993 "<methodCall>\n" 994 "<methodName>", methodname, "</methodName>\n", 995 data, 996 "</methodCall>\n" 997 ) 998 elif methodresponse: 999 # a method response, or a fault structure 1000 data = ( 1001 xmlheader, 1002 "<methodResponse>\n", 1003 data, 1004 "</methodResponse>\n" 1005 ) 1006 else: 1007 return data # return as is 1008 return "".join(data) 1009 1010 ## 1011 # Convert an XML-RPC packet to a Python object. If the XML-RPC packet 1012 # represents a fault condition, this function raises a Fault exception. 1013 # 1014 # @param data An XML-RPC packet, given as an 8-bit string. 1015 # @return A tuple containing the unpacked data, and the method name 1016 # (None if not present). 1017 # @see Fault 1018 1019 def loads(data, use_datetime=False, use_builtin_types=False): 1020 """data -> unmarshalled data, method name 1021 1022 Convert an XML-RPC packet to unmarshalled data plus a method 1023 name (None if not present). 1024 1025 If the XML-RPC packet represents a fault condition, this function 1026 raises a Fault exception. 1027 """ 1028 p, u = getparser(use_datetime=use_datetime, use_builtin_types=use_builtin_types) 1029 p.feed(data) 1030 p.close() 1031 return u.close(), u.getmethodname() 1032 1033 ## 1034 # Encode a string using the gzip content encoding such as specified by the 1035 # Content-Encoding: gzip 1036 # in the HTTP header, as described in RFC 1952 1037 # 1038 # @param data the unencoded data 1039 # @return the encoded data 1040 1041 def gzip_encode(data): 1042 """data -> gzip encoded data 1043 1044 Encode data using the gzip content encoding as described in RFC 1952 1045 """ 1046 if not gzip: 1047 raise NotImplementedError 1048 f = BytesIO() 1049 with gzip.GzipFile(mode="wb", fileobj=f, compresslevel=1) as gzf: 1050 gzf.write(data) 1051 return f.getvalue() 1052 1053 ## 1054 # Decode a string using the gzip content encoding such as specified by the 1055 # Content-Encoding: gzip 1056 # in the HTTP header, as described in RFC 1952 1057 # 1058 # @param data The encoded data 1059 # @keyparam max_decode Maximum bytes to decode (20 MiB default), use negative 1060 # values for unlimited decoding 1061 # @return the unencoded data 1062 # @raises ValueError if data is not correctly coded. 1063 # @raises ValueError if max gzipped payload length exceeded 1064 1065 def gzip_decode(data, max_decode=20971520): 1066 """gzip encoded data -> unencoded data 1067 1068 Decode data using the gzip content encoding as described in RFC 1952 1069 """ 1070 if not gzip: 1071 raise NotImplementedError 1072 with gzip.GzipFile(mode="rb", fileobj=BytesIO(data)) as gzf: 1073 try: 1074 if max_decode < 0: # no limit 1075 decoded = gzf.read() 1076 else: 1077 decoded = gzf.read(max_decode + 1) 1078 except OSError: 1079 raise ValueError("invalid data") 1080 if max_decode >= 0 and len(decoded) > max_decode: 1081 raise ValueError("max gzipped payload length exceeded") 1082 return decoded 1083 1084 ## 1085 # Return a decoded file-like object for the gzip encoding 1086 # as described in RFC 1952. 1087 # 1088 # @param response A stream supporting a read() method 1089 # @return a file-like object that the decoded data can be read() from 1090 1091 class GzipDecodedResponse(gzip.GzipFile if gzip else object): 1092 """a file-like object to decode a response encoded with the gzip 1093 method, as described in RFC 1952. 1094 """ 1095 def __init__(self, response): 1096 #response doesn't support tell() and read(), required by 1097 #GzipFile 1098 if not gzip: 1099 raise NotImplementedError 1100 self.io = BytesIO(response.read()) 1101 gzip.GzipFile.__init__(self, mode="rb", fileobj=self.io) 1102 1103 def close(self): 1104 try: 1105 gzip.GzipFile.close(self) 1106 finally: 1107 self.io.close() 1108 1109 1110 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1111 # request dispatcher 1112 1113 class _Method: 1114 # some magic to bind an XML-RPC method to an RPC server. 1115 # supports "nested" methods (e.g. examples.getStateName) 1116 def __init__(self, send, name): 1117 self.__send = send 1118 self.__name = name 1119 def __getattr__(self, name): 1120 return _Method(self.__send, "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name)) 1121 def __call__(self, *args): 1122 return self.__send(self.__name, args) 1123 1124 ## 1125 # Standard transport class for XML-RPC over HTTP. 1126 # <p> 1127 # You can create custom transports by subclassing this method, and 1128 # overriding selected methods. 1129 1130 class Transport: 1131 """Handles an HTTP transaction to an XML-RPC server.""" 1132 1133 # client identifier (may be overridden) 1134 user_agent = "Python-xmlrpc/%s" % __version__ 1135 1136 #if true, we'll request gzip encoding 1137 accept_gzip_encoding = True 1138 1139 # if positive, encode request using gzip if it exceeds this threshold 1140 # note that many servers will get confused, so only use it if you know 1141 # that they can decode such a request 1142 encode_threshold = None #None = don't encode 1143 1144 def __init__(self, use_datetime=False, use_builtin_types=False, 1145 *, headers=()): 1146 self._use_datetime = use_datetime 1147 self._use_builtin_types = use_builtin_types 1148 self._connection = (None, None) 1149 self._headers = list(headers) 1150 self._extra_headers = [] 1151 1152 ## 1153 # Send a complete request, and parse the response. 1154 # Retry request if a cached connection has disconnected. 1155 # 1156 # @param host Target host. 1157 # @param handler Target PRC handler. 1158 # @param request_body XML-RPC request body. 1159 # @param verbose Debugging flag. 1160 # @return Parsed response. 1161 1162 def request(self, host, handler, request_body, verbose=False): 1163 #retry request once if cached connection has gone cold 1164 for i in (0, 1): 1165 try: 1166 return self.single_request(host, handler, request_body, verbose) 1167 except http.client.RemoteDisconnected: 1168 if i: 1169 raise 1170 except OSError as e: 1171 if i or e.errno not in (errno.ECONNRESET, errno.ECONNABORTED, 1172 errno.EPIPE): 1173 raise 1174 1175 def single_request(self, host, handler, request_body, verbose=False): 1176 # issue XML-RPC request 1177 try: 1178 http_conn = self.send_request(host, handler, request_body, verbose) 1179 resp = http_conn.getresponse() 1180 if resp.status == 200: 1181 self.verbose = verbose 1182 return self.parse_response(resp) 1183 1184 except Fault: 1185 raise 1186 except Exception: 1187 #All unexpected errors leave connection in 1188 # a strange state, so we clear it. 1189 self.close() 1190 raise 1191 1192 #We got an error response. 1193 #Discard any response data and raise exception 1194 if resp.getheader("content-length", ""): 1195 resp.read() 1196 raise ProtocolError( 1197 host + handler, 1198 resp.status, resp.reason, 1199 dict(resp.getheaders()) 1200 ) 1201 1202 1203 ## 1204 # Create parser. 1205 # 1206 # @return A 2-tuple containing a parser and an unmarshaller. 1207 1208 def getparser(self): 1209 # get parser and unmarshaller 1210 return getparser(use_datetime=self._use_datetime, 1211 use_builtin_types=self._use_builtin_types) 1212 1213 ## 1214 # Get authorization info from host parameter 1215 # Host may be a string, or a (host, x509-dict) tuple; if a string, 1216 # it is checked for a "user:pw@host" format, and a "Basic 1217 # Authentication" header is added if appropriate. 1218 # 1219 # @param host Host descriptor (URL or (URL, x509 info) tuple). 1220 # @return A 3-tuple containing (actual host, extra headers, 1221 # x509 info). The header and x509 fields may be None. 1222 1223 def get_host_info(self, host): 1224 1225 x509 = {} 1226 if isinstance(host, tuple): 1227 host, x509 = host 1228 1229 auth, host = urllib.parse._splituser(host) 1230 1231 if auth: 1232 auth = urllib.parse.unquote_to_bytes(auth) 1233 auth = base64.encodebytes(auth).decode("utf-8") 1234 auth = "".join(auth.split()) # get rid of whitespace 1235 extra_headers = [ 1236 ("Authorization", "Basic " + auth) 1237 ] 1238 else: 1239 extra_headers = [] 1240 1241 return host, extra_headers, x509 1242 1243 ## 1244 # Connect to server. 1245 # 1246 # @param host Target host. 1247 # @return An HTTPConnection object 1248 1249 def make_connection(self, host): 1250 #return an existing connection if possible. This allows 1251 #HTTP/1.1 keep-alive. 1252 if self._connection and host == self._connection[0]: 1253 return self._connection[1] 1254 # create a HTTP connection object from a host descriptor 1255 chost, self._extra_headers, x509 = self.get_host_info(host) 1256 self._connection = host, http.client.HTTPConnection(chost) 1257 return self._connection[1] 1258 1259 ## 1260 # Clear any cached connection object. 1261 # Used in the event of socket errors. 1262 # 1263 def close(self): 1264 host, connection = self._connection 1265 if connection: 1266 self._connection = (None, None) 1267 connection.close() 1268 1269 ## 1270 # Send HTTP request. 1271 # 1272 # @param host Host descriptor (URL or (URL, x509 info) tuple). 1273 # @param handler Target RPC handler (a path relative to host) 1274 # @param request_body The XML-RPC request body 1275 # @param debug Enable debugging if debug is true. 1276 # @return An HTTPConnection. 1277 1278 def send_request(self, host, handler, request_body, debug): 1279 connection = self.make_connection(host) 1280 headers = self._headers + self._extra_headers 1281 if debug: 1282 connection.set_debuglevel(1) 1283 if self.accept_gzip_encoding and gzip: 1284 connection.putrequest("POST", handler, skip_accept_encoding=True) 1285 headers.append(("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")) 1286 else: 1287 connection.putrequest("POST", handler) 1288 headers.append(("Content-Type", "text/xml")) 1289 headers.append(("User-Agent", self.user_agent)) 1290 self.send_headers(connection, headers) 1291 self.send_content(connection, request_body) 1292 return connection 1293 1294 ## 1295 # Send request headers. 1296 # This function provides a useful hook for subclassing 1297 # 1298 # @param connection httpConnection. 1299 # @param headers list of key,value pairs for HTTP headers 1300 1301 def send_headers(self, connection, headers): 1302 for key, val in headers: 1303 connection.putheader(key, val) 1304 1305 ## 1306 # Send request body. 1307 # This function provides a useful hook for subclassing 1308 # 1309 # @param connection httpConnection. 1310 # @param request_body XML-RPC request body. 1311 1312 def send_content(self, connection, request_body): 1313 #optionally encode the request 1314 if (self.encode_threshold is not None and 1315 self.encode_threshold < len(request_body) and 1316 gzip): 1317 connection.putheader("Content-Encoding", "gzip") 1318 request_body = gzip_encode(request_body) 1319 1320 connection.putheader("Content-Length", str(len(request_body))) 1321 connection.endheaders(request_body) 1322 1323 ## 1324 # Parse response. 1325 # 1326 # @param file Stream. 1327 # @return Response tuple and target method. 1328 1329 def parse_response(self, response): 1330 # read response data from httpresponse, and parse it 1331 # Check for new http response object, otherwise it is a file object. 1332 if hasattr(response, 'getheader'): 1333 if response.getheader("Content-Encoding", "") == "gzip": 1334 stream = GzipDecodedResponse(response) 1335 else: 1336 stream = response 1337 else: 1338 stream = response 1339 1340 p, u = self.getparser() 1341 1342 while 1: 1343 data = stream.read(1024) 1344 if not data: 1345 break 1346 if self.verbose: 1347 print("body:", repr(data)) 1348 p.feed(data) 1349 1350 if stream is not response: 1351 stream.close() 1352 p.close() 1353 1354 return u.close() 1355 1356 ## 1357 # Standard transport class for XML-RPC over HTTPS. 1358 1359 class SafeTransport(Transport): 1360 """Handles an HTTPS transaction to an XML-RPC server.""" 1361 1362 def __init__(self, use_datetime=False, use_builtin_types=False, 1363 *, headers=(), context=None): 1364 super().__init__(use_datetime=use_datetime, 1365 use_builtin_types=use_builtin_types, 1366 headers=headers) 1367 self.context = context 1368 1369 # FIXME: mostly untested 1370 1371 def make_connection(self, host): 1372 if self._connection and host == self._connection[0]: 1373 return self._connection[1] 1374 1375 if not hasattr(http.client, "HTTPSConnection"): 1376 raise NotImplementedError( 1377 "your version of http.client doesn't support HTTPS") 1378 # create a HTTPS connection object from a host descriptor 1379 # host may be a string, or a (host, x509-dict) tuple 1380 chost, self._extra_headers, x509 = self.get_host_info(host) 1381 self._connection = host, http.client.HTTPSConnection(chost, 1382 None, context=self.context, **(x509 or {})) 1383 return self._connection[1] 1384 1385 ## 1386 # Standard server proxy. This class establishes a virtual connection 1387 # to an XML-RPC server. 1388 # <p> 1389 # This class is available as ServerProxy and Server. New code should 1390 # use ServerProxy, to avoid confusion. 1391 # 1392 # @def ServerProxy(uri, **options) 1393 # @param uri The connection point on the server. 1394 # @keyparam transport A transport factory, compatible with the 1395 # standard transport class. 1396 # @keyparam encoding The default encoding used for 8-bit strings 1397 # (default is UTF-8). 1398 # @keyparam verbose Use a true value to enable debugging output. 1399 # (printed to standard output). 1400 # @see Transport 1401 1402 class ServerProxy: 1403 """uri [,options] -> a logical connection to an XML-RPC server 1404 1405 uri is the connection point on the server, given as 1406 scheme://host/target. 1407 1408 The standard implementation always supports the "http" scheme. If 1409 SSL socket support is available (Python 2.0), it also supports 1410 "https". 1411 1412 If the target part and the slash preceding it are both omitted, 1413 "/RPC2" is assumed. 1414 1415 The following options can be given as keyword arguments: 1416 1417 transport: a transport factory 1418 encoding: the request encoding (default is UTF-8) 1419 1420 All 8-bit strings passed to the server proxy are assumed to use 1421 the given encoding. 1422 """ 1423 1424 def __init__(self, uri, transport=None, encoding=None, verbose=False, 1425 allow_none=False, use_datetime=False, use_builtin_types=False, 1426 *, headers=(), context=None): 1427 # establish a "logical" server connection 1428 1429 # get the url 1430 p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(uri) 1431 if p.scheme not in ("http", "https"): 1432 raise OSError("unsupported XML-RPC protocol") 1433 self.__host = p.netloc 1434 self.__handler = urllib.parse.urlunsplit(["", "", *p[2:]]) 1435 if not self.__handler: 1436 self.__handler = "/RPC2" 1437 1438 if transport is None: 1439 if p.scheme == "https": 1440 handler = SafeTransport 1441 extra_kwargs = {"context": context} 1442 else: 1443 handler = Transport 1444 extra_kwargs = {} 1445 transport = handler(use_datetime=use_datetime, 1446 use_builtin_types=use_builtin_types, 1447 headers=headers, 1448 **extra_kwargs) 1449 self.__transport = transport 1450 1451 self.__encoding = encoding or 'utf-8' 1452 self.__verbose = verbose 1453 self.__allow_none = allow_none 1454 1455 def __close(self): 1456 self.__transport.close() 1457 1458 def __request(self, methodname, params): 1459 # call a method on the remote server 1460 1461 request = dumps(params, methodname, encoding=self.__encoding, 1462 allow_none=self.__allow_none).encode(self.__encoding, 'xmlcharrefreplace') 1463 1464 response = self.__transport.request( 1465 self.__host, 1466 self.__handler, 1467 request, 1468 verbose=self.__verbose 1469 ) 1470 1471 if len(response) == 1: 1472 response = response[0] 1473 1474 return response 1475 1476 def __repr__(self): 1477 return ( 1478 "<%s for %s%s>" % 1479 (self.__class__.__name__, self.__host, self.__handler) 1480 ) 1481 1482 def __getattr__(self, name): 1483 # magic method dispatcher 1484 return _Method(self.__request, name) 1485 1486 # note: to call a remote object with a non-standard name, use 1487 # result getattr(server, "strange-python-name")(args) 1488 1489 def __call__(self, attr): 1490 """A workaround to get special attributes on the ServerProxy 1491 without interfering with the magic __getattr__ 1492 """ 1493 if attr == "close": 1494 return self.__close 1495 elif attr == "transport": 1496 return self.__transport 1497 raise AttributeError("Attribute %r not found" % (attr,)) 1498 1499 def __enter__(self): 1500 return self 1501 1502 def __exit__(self, *args): 1503 self.__close() 1504 1505 # compatibility 1506 1507 Server = ServerProxy 1508 1509 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1510 # test code 1511 1512 if __name__ == "__main__": 1513 1514 # simple test program (from the XML-RPC specification) 1515 1516 # local server, available from Lib/xmlrpc/server.py 1517 server = ServerProxy("http://localhost:8000") 1518 1519 try: 1520 print(server.currentTime.getCurrentTime()) 1521 except Error as v: 1522 print("ERROR", v) 1523 1524 multi = MultiCall(server) 1525 multi.getData() 1526 multi.pow(2,9) 1527 multi.add(1,2) 1528 try: 1529 for response in multi(): 1530 print(response) 1531 except Error as v: 1532 print("ERROR", v) 1533