• Home
  • Line#
  • Scopes#
  • Navigate#
  • Raw
  • Download
1# 业务模块并发加载场景
2<!--Kit: ArkTS-->
3<!--Subsystem: CommonLibrary-->
4<!--Owner: @lijiamin2025-->
5<!--Designer: @weng-changcheng-->
6<!--Tester: @kirl75; @zsw_zhushiwei-->
7<!--Adviser: @ge-yafang-->
8
9在应用启动时，多个业务模块需要加载，例如地图应用中的定位、打车、导航等模块。如果全部在UI主线程初始化，会严重影响应用冷启动时间。此时，应在不同子线程中并行加载这些模块，以降低启动耗时。
10
11通过使用ArkTS提供的TaskPool能力，可以将不同的业务初始化任务移到子线程中。业务模块可通过下沉C++实现为[NativeBinding对象](transferabled-object.md)或在ArkTS层定义为[Sendable对象](arkts-sendable.md)，从而将初始化的模块返回给UI主线程调用，实现如下。
12
131. 各业务功能（SDK）模块定义（这里以使用Sendable对象为例）。
14   计算器业务模块定义如下：
15
16   ```ts
17   // sdk/Calculator.ets
18   import { collections } from '@kit.ArkTS';
19
20   @Sendable
21   export class Calculator {
22     history?: collections.Array<collections.Array<string>>;
23     totalCount: number = 0;
24
25     static init(): Calculator {
26       let calc = new Calculator();
27       calc.totalCount = 0;
28       calc.history = collections.Array.create(calc.totalCount, collections.Array.create(2, ""));
29       return calc;
30     }
31
32     add(a: number, b: number) {
33       let result = a + b;
34       this.newCalc(`${a} + ${b}`, `${result}`);
35       return result;
36     }
37
38     sub(a: number, b: number) {
39       let result = a - b;
40       this.newCalc(`${a} - ${b}`, `${result}`);
41       return result;
42     }
43
44     mul(a: number, b: number) {
45       let result = a * b;
46       this.newCalc(`${a} * ${b}`, `${result}`);
47       return result;
48     }
49
50     div(a: number, b: number) {
51       let result = a / b;
52       this.newCalc(`${a} / ${b}`, `${result}`);
53       return result;
54     }
55
56     getHistory(): collections.Array<collections.Array<string>> {
57       return this.history!;
58     }
59
60     showHistory() {
61       for (let i = 0; i < this.totalCount; i++) {
62         console.info(`${i}: ${this.history![i][0]} = ${this.history![i][1]}`);
63       }
64     }
65
66     private newCalc(opt: string, ret: string) {
67       let newRecord = new collections.Array<string>(opt, ret);
68       this.totalCount = this.history!.unshift(newRecord);
69     }
70   }
71   ```
72   <!-- @[define_calculator_module](https://gitcode.com/openharmony/applications_app_samples/blob/master/code/DocsSample/ArkTS/ArkTsConcurrent/ApplicationMultithreadingDevelopment/PracticalCases/entry/src/main/ets/sdk/Calculator.ets) -->
73
74   定时器业务模块的定义如下：
75
76   ```ts
77   // sdk/TimerSdk.ets
78   @Sendable
79   export class TimerSdk {
80     static init(): TimerSdk {
81       let timer = new TimerSdk();
82       return timer;
83     }
84
85     async countDown(time: number) {
86       return new Promise((resolve: (value: boolean) => void) => {
87         setTimeout(() => {
88           resolve(true);
89         }, time);
90       })
91     }
92   }
93   ```
94   <!-- @[define_timer_module](https://gitcode.com/openharmony/applications_app_samples/blob/master/code/DocsSample/ArkTS/ArkTsConcurrent/ApplicationMultithreadingDevelopment/PracticalCases/entry/src/main/ets/sdk/TimerSdk.ets) -->
95
962. 在UI主线程触发各业务模块分发到子线程，加载完成后在UI主线程使用，示例如下：
97
98   ```ts
99   // Index.ets
100   import { Calculator } from '../sdk/Calculator';
101   import { TimerSdk } from '../sdk/TimerSdk';
102   import { taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS';
103
104   @Concurrent
105   function initCalculator(): Calculator {
106     return Calculator.init();
107   }
108
109   @Concurrent
110   function initTimerSdk(): TimerSdk {
111     return TimerSdk.init();
112   }
113
114   @Entry
115   @Component
116   struct Index {
117     calc?: Calculator
118     timer?: TimerSdk
119
120     aboutToAppear(): void {
121       taskpool.execute(initCalculator).then((ret) => {
122         this.calc = ret as Calculator;
123       })
124       taskpool.execute(initTimerSdk).then((ret) => {
125         this.timer = ret as TimerSdk;
126       })
127     }
128
129     build() {
130       Row() {
131         Column() {
132           Text("calculate add")
133             .id('add')
134             .fontSize(50)
135             .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
136             .alignRules({
137               center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
138               middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
139             })
140             .onClick(async () => {
141               let result = this.calc?.add(1, 2);
142               console.info(`Result is ${result}`);
143             })
144           Text("show history")
145             .id('show')
146             .fontSize(50)
147             .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
148             .alignRules({
149               center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
150               middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
151             })
152             .onClick(async () => {
153               this.calc?.showHistory();
154             })
155           Text("countdown")
156             .id('get')
157             .fontSize(50)
158             .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
159             .alignRules({
160               center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
161               middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
162             })
163             .onClick(async () => {
164               console.info(`Timer start`);
165               await this.timer?.countDown(1000);
166               console.info(`Timer end`);
167             })
168         }
169         .width('100%')
170       }
171       .height('100%')
172     }
173   }
174   ```
175   <!-- @[distribute_child_thread](https://gitcode.com/openharmony/applications_app_samples/blob/master/code/DocsSample/ArkTS/ArkTsConcurrent/ApplicationMultithreadingDevelopment/PracticalCases/entry/src/main/ets/managers/ConcurrentLoadingModulesGuide.ets) -->
176