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1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/init/main.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6  *
7  *  GK 2/5/95  -  Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
8  *  Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
9  *  Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
10  *  Simplified starting of init:  Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
11  */
12 
13 #define DEBUG		/* Enable initcall_debug */
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/extable.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
19 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
22 #include <linux/stackprotector.h>
23 #include <linux/string.h>
24 #include <linux/ctype.h>
25 #include <linux/delay.h>
26 #include <linux/ioport.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/initrd.h>
29 #include <linux/memblock.h>
30 #include <linux/acpi.h>
31 #include <linux/bootconfig.h>
32 #include <linux/console.h>
33 #include <linux/nmi.h>
34 #include <linux/percpu.h>
35 #include <linux/kmod.h>
36 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
37 #include <linux/kmsan.h>
38 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
39 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
40 #include <linux/start_kernel.h>
41 #include <linux/security.h>
42 #include <linux/smp.h>
43 #include <linux/profile.h>
44 #include <linux/kfence.h>
45 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
46 #include <linux/srcu.h>
47 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
48 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
49 #include <linux/buildid.h>
50 #include <linux/writeback.h>
51 #include <linux/cpu.h>
52 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
53 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
54 #include <linux/efi.h>
55 #include <linux/tick.h>
56 #include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
57 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
58 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
59 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
60 #include <linux/unistd.h>
61 #include <linux/utsname.h>
62 #include <linux/rmap.h>
63 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
64 #include <linux/key.h>
65 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
66 #include <linux/debugobjects.h>
67 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
68 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
69 #include <linux/padata.h>
70 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
71 #include <linux/device/driver.h>
72 #include <linux/kthread.h>
73 #include <linux/sched.h>
74 #include <linux/sched/init.h>
75 #include <linux/signal.h>
76 #include <linux/idr.h>
77 #include <linux/kgdb.h>
78 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
79 #include <linux/async.h>
80 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
81 #include <linux/slab.h>
82 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
83 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
84 #include <linux/pti.h>
85 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
86 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
87 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
88 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
89 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
90 #include <linux/random.h>
91 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
92 #include <linux/list.h>
93 #include <linux/integrity.h>
94 #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
95 #include <linux/io.h>
96 #include <linux/cache.h>
97 #include <linux/rodata_test.h>
98 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
99 #include <linux/kcsan.h>
100 #include <linux/init_syscalls.h>
101 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
102 #include <linux/randomize_kstack.h>
103 #include <net/net_namespace.h>
104 #ifdef CONFIG_RECLAIM_ACCT
105 #include <linux/reclaim_acct.h>
106 #endif
107 
108 #include <asm/io.h>
109 #include <asm/setup.h>
110 #include <asm/sections.h>
111 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
112 
113 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
114 #include <trace/events/initcall.h>
115 
116 #include <kunit/test.h>
117 
118 static int kernel_init(void *);
119 
120 /*
121  * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
122  * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled.  This means
123  * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
124  * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
125  * flag is set.
126  */
127 bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;
128 
129 enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
130 EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
131 
132 /*
133  * Boot command-line arguments
134  */
135 #define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
136 #define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
137 
138 /* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
139 void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
140 
141 /* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
142 char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
143 /* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
144 char *saved_command_line __ro_after_init;
145 unsigned int saved_command_line_len __ro_after_init;
146 /* Command line for parameter parsing */
147 static char *static_command_line;
148 /* Untouched extra command line */
149 static char *extra_command_line;
150 /* Extra init arguments */
151 static char *extra_init_args;
152 
153 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
154 /* Is bootconfig on command line? */
155 static bool bootconfig_found;
156 static size_t initargs_offs;
157 #else
158 # define bootconfig_found false
159 # define initargs_offs 0
160 #endif
161 
162 static char *execute_command;
163 static char *ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
164 
165 /*
166  * Used to generate warnings if static_key manipulation functions are used
167  * before jump_label_init is called.
168  */
169 bool static_key_initialized __read_mostly;
170 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_initialized);
171 
172 /*
173  * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
174  * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
175  * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
176  *
177  * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
178  * For ex. kdump situation where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
179  * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
180  */
181 unsigned int reset_devices;
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
183 
set_reset_devices(char * str)184 static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
185 {
186 	reset_devices = 1;
187 	return 1;
188 }
189 
190 __setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
191 
192 static const char *argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
193 const char *envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
194 static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
195 
obsolete_checksetup(char * line)196 static bool __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
197 {
198 	const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
199 	bool had_early_param = false;
200 
201 	p = __setup_start;
202 	do {
203 		int n = strlen(p->str);
204 		if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
205 			if (p->early) {
206 				/* Already done in parse_early_param?
207 				 * (Needs exact match on param part).
208 				 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
209 				 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
210 				if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
211 					had_early_param = true;
212 			} else if (!p->setup_func) {
213 				pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n",
214 					p->str);
215 				return true;
216 			} else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
217 				return true;
218 		}
219 		p++;
220 	} while (p < __setup_end);
221 
222 	return had_early_param;
223 }
224 
225 /*
226  * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
227  * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
228  */
229 unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
230 EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
231 
debug_kernel(char * str)232 static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
233 {
234 	console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEBUG;
235 	return 0;
236 }
237 
quiet_kernel(char * str)238 static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
239 {
240 	console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET;
241 	return 0;
242 }
243 
244 early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
245 early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
246 
loglevel(char * str)247 static int __init loglevel(char *str)
248 {
249 	int newlevel;
250 
251 	/*
252 	 * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
253 	 * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
254 	 * are quite hard to debug
255 	 */
256 	if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
257 		console_loglevel = newlevel;
258 		return 0;
259 	}
260 
261 	return -EINVAL;
262 }
263 
264 early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
265 
266 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t * _size)267 static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
268 {
269 	u32 size, csum;
270 	char *data;
271 	u32 *hdr;
272 	int i;
273 
274 	if (!initrd_end)
275 		return NULL;
276 
277 	data = (char *)initrd_end - BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN;
278 	/*
279 	 * Since Grub may align the size of initrd to 4, we must
280 	 * check the preceding 3 bytes as well.
281 	 */
282 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
283 		if (!memcmp(data, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN))
284 			goto found;
285 		data--;
286 	}
287 	return NULL;
288 
289 found:
290 	hdr = (u32 *)(data - 8);
291 	size = le32_to_cpu(hdr[0]);
292 	csum = le32_to_cpu(hdr[1]);
293 
294 	data = ((void *)hdr) - size;
295 	if ((unsigned long)data < initrd_start) {
296 		pr_err("bootconfig size %d is greater than initrd size %ld\n",
297 			size, initrd_end - initrd_start);
298 		return NULL;
299 	}
300 
301 	if (xbc_calc_checksum(data, size) != csum) {
302 		pr_err("bootconfig checksum failed\n");
303 		return NULL;
304 	}
305 
306 	/* Remove bootconfig from initramfs/initrd */
307 	initrd_end = (unsigned long)data;
308 	if (_size)
309 		*_size = size;
310 
311 	return data;
312 }
313 #else
get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t * _size)314 static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
315 {
316 	return NULL;
317 }
318 #endif
319 
320 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
321 
322 static char xbc_namebuf[XBC_KEYLEN_MAX] __initdata;
323 
324 #define rest(dst, end) ((end) > (dst) ? (end) - (dst) : 0)
325 
xbc_snprint_cmdline(char * buf,size_t size,struct xbc_node * root)326 static int __init xbc_snprint_cmdline(char *buf, size_t size,
327 				      struct xbc_node *root)
328 {
329 	struct xbc_node *knode, *vnode;
330 	char *end = buf + size;
331 	const char *val;
332 	int ret;
333 
334 	xbc_node_for_each_key_value(root, knode, val) {
335 		ret = xbc_node_compose_key_after(root, knode,
336 					xbc_namebuf, XBC_KEYLEN_MAX);
337 		if (ret < 0)
338 			return ret;
339 
340 		vnode = xbc_node_get_child(knode);
341 		if (!vnode) {
342 			ret = snprintf(buf, rest(buf, end), "%s ", xbc_namebuf);
343 			if (ret < 0)
344 				return ret;
345 			buf += ret;
346 			continue;
347 		}
348 		xbc_array_for_each_value(vnode, val) {
349 			ret = snprintf(buf, rest(buf, end), "%s=\"%s\" ",
350 				       xbc_namebuf, val);
351 			if (ret < 0)
352 				return ret;
353 			buf += ret;
354 		}
355 	}
356 
357 	return buf - (end - size);
358 }
359 #undef rest
360 
361 /* Make an extra command line under given key word */
xbc_make_cmdline(const char * key)362 static char * __init xbc_make_cmdline(const char *key)
363 {
364 	struct xbc_node *root;
365 	char *new_cmdline;
366 	int ret, len = 0;
367 
368 	root = xbc_find_node(key);
369 	if (!root)
370 		return NULL;
371 
372 	/* Count required buffer size */
373 	len = xbc_snprint_cmdline(NULL, 0, root);
374 	if (len <= 0)
375 		return NULL;
376 
377 	new_cmdline = memblock_alloc(len + 1, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
378 	if (!new_cmdline) {
379 		pr_err("Failed to allocate memory for extra kernel cmdline.\n");
380 		return NULL;
381 	}
382 
383 	ret = xbc_snprint_cmdline(new_cmdline, len + 1, root);
384 	if (ret < 0 || ret > len) {
385 		pr_err("Failed to print extra kernel cmdline.\n");
386 		memblock_free(new_cmdline, len + 1);
387 		return NULL;
388 	}
389 
390 	return new_cmdline;
391 }
392 
bootconfig_params(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)393 static int __init bootconfig_params(char *param, char *val,
394 				    const char *unused, void *arg)
395 {
396 	if (strcmp(param, "bootconfig") == 0) {
397 		bootconfig_found = true;
398 	}
399 	return 0;
400 }
401 
warn_bootconfig(char * str)402 static int __init warn_bootconfig(char *str)
403 {
404 	/* The 'bootconfig' has been handled by bootconfig_params(). */
405 	return 0;
406 }
407 
setup_boot_config(void)408 static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
409 {
410 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
411 	const char *msg, *data;
412 	int pos, ret;
413 	size_t size;
414 	char *err;
415 
416 	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
417 	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
418 	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
419 	if (!data)
420 		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
421 
422 	strscpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
423 	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
424 			 bootconfig_params);
425 
426 	if (IS_ERR(err) || !(bootconfig_found || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG_FORCE)))
427 		return;
428 
429 	/* parse_args() stops at the next param of '--' and returns an address */
430 	if (err)
431 		initargs_offs = err - tmp_cmdline;
432 
433 	if (!data) {
434 		/* If user intended to use bootconfig, show an error level message */
435 		if (bootconfig_found)
436 			pr_err("'bootconfig' found on command line, but no bootconfig found\n");
437 		else
438 			pr_info("No bootconfig data provided, so skipping bootconfig");
439 		return;
440 	}
441 
442 	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
443 		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
444 			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
445 		return;
446 	}
447 
448 	ret = xbc_init(data, size, &msg, &pos);
449 	if (ret < 0) {
450 		if (pos < 0)
451 			pr_err("Failed to init bootconfig: %s.\n", msg);
452 		else
453 			pr_err("Failed to parse bootconfig: %s at %d.\n",
454 				msg, pos);
455 	} else {
456 		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
457 		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
458 		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
459 		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
460 		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
461 		extra_init_args = xbc_make_cmdline("init");
462 	}
463 	return;
464 }
465 
exit_boot_config(void)466 static void __init exit_boot_config(void)
467 {
468 	xbc_exit();
469 }
470 
471 #else	/* !CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG */
472 
setup_boot_config(void)473 static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
474 {
475 	/* Remove bootconfig data from initrd */
476 	get_boot_config_from_initrd(NULL);
477 }
478 
warn_bootconfig(char * str)479 static int __init warn_bootconfig(char *str)
480 {
481 	pr_warn("WARNING: 'bootconfig' found on the kernel command line but CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG is not set.\n");
482 	return 0;
483 }
484 
485 #define exit_boot_config()	do {} while (0)
486 
487 #endif	/* CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG */
488 
489 early_param("bootconfig", warn_bootconfig);
490 
491 /* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
repair_env_string(char * param,char * val)492 static void __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val)
493 {
494 	if (val) {
495 		/* param=val or param="val"? */
496 		if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
497 			val[-1] = '=';
498 		else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
499 			val[-2] = '=';
500 			memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
501 		} else
502 			BUG();
503 	}
504 }
505 
506 /* Anything after -- gets handed straight to init. */
set_init_arg(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)507 static int __init set_init_arg(char *param, char *val,
508 			       const char *unused, void *arg)
509 {
510 	unsigned int i;
511 
512 	if (panic_later)
513 		return 0;
514 
515 	repair_env_string(param, val);
516 
517 	for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
518 		if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
519 			panic_later = "init";
520 			panic_param = param;
521 			return 0;
522 		}
523 	}
524 	argv_init[i] = param;
525 	return 0;
526 }
527 
528 /*
529  * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
530  * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
531  */
unknown_bootoption(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)532 static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
533 				     const char *unused, void *arg)
534 {
535 	size_t len = strlen(param);
536 
537 	/* Handle params aliased to sysctls */
538 	if (sysctl_is_alias(param))
539 		return 0;
540 
541 	repair_env_string(param, val);
542 
543 	/* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
544 	if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
545 		return 0;
546 
547 	/* Unused module parameter. */
548 	if (strnchr(param, len, '.'))
549 		return 0;
550 
551 	if (panic_later)
552 		return 0;
553 
554 	if (val) {
555 		/* Environment option */
556 		unsigned int i;
557 		for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
558 			if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
559 				panic_later = "env";
560 				panic_param = param;
561 			}
562 			if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], len+1))
563 				break;
564 		}
565 		envp_init[i] = param;
566 	} else {
567 		/* Command line option */
568 		unsigned int i;
569 		for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
570 			if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
571 				panic_later = "init";
572 				panic_param = param;
573 			}
574 		}
575 		argv_init[i] = param;
576 	}
577 	return 0;
578 }
579 
init_setup(char * str)580 static int __init init_setup(char *str)
581 {
582 	unsigned int i;
583 
584 	execute_command = str;
585 	/*
586 	 * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
587 	 * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
588 	 * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
589 	 * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
590 	 */
591 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
592 		argv_init[i] = NULL;
593 	return 1;
594 }
595 __setup("init=", init_setup);
596 
rdinit_setup(char * str)597 static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
598 {
599 	unsigned int i;
600 
601 	ramdisk_execute_command = str;
602 	/* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
603 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
604 		argv_init[i] = NULL;
605 	return 1;
606 }
607 __setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
608 
609 #ifndef CONFIG_SMP
setup_nr_cpu_ids(void)610 static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus)611 static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
612 #endif
613 
614 /*
615  * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
616  * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
617  * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
618  * store reference of name/value for future reference.
619  */
setup_command_line(char * command_line)620 static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
621 {
622 	size_t len, xlen = 0, ilen = 0;
623 
624 	if (extra_command_line)
625 		xlen = strlen(extra_command_line);
626 	if (extra_init_args)
627 		ilen = strlen(extra_init_args) + 4; /* for " -- " */
628 
629 	len = xlen + strlen(boot_command_line) + 1;
630 
631 	saved_command_line = memblock_alloc(len + ilen, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
632 	if (!saved_command_line)
633 		panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len + ilen);
634 
635 	len = xlen + strlen(command_line) + 1;
636 
637 	static_command_line = memblock_alloc(len, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
638 	if (!static_command_line)
639 		panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len);
640 
641 	if (xlen) {
642 		/*
643 		 * We have to put extra_command_line before boot command
644 		 * lines because there could be dashes (separator of init
645 		 * command line) in the command lines.
646 		 */
647 		strcpy(saved_command_line, extra_command_line);
648 		strcpy(static_command_line, extra_command_line);
649 	}
650 	strcpy(saved_command_line + xlen, boot_command_line);
651 	strcpy(static_command_line + xlen, command_line);
652 
653 	if (ilen) {
654 		/*
655 		 * Append supplemental init boot args to saved_command_line
656 		 * so that user can check what command line options passed
657 		 * to init.
658 		 * The order should always be
659 		 * " -- "[bootconfig init-param][cmdline init-param]
660 		 */
661 		if (initargs_offs) {
662 			len = xlen + initargs_offs;
663 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len, extra_init_args);
664 			len += ilen - 4;	/* strlen(extra_init_args) */
665 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len,
666 				boot_command_line + initargs_offs - 1);
667 		} else {
668 			len = strlen(saved_command_line);
669 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len, " -- ");
670 			len += 4;
671 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len, extra_init_args);
672 		}
673 	}
674 
675 	saved_command_line_len = strlen(saved_command_line);
676 }
677 
678 /*
679  * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
680  * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
681  * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
682  * cpu_idle.
683  *
684  * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
685  */
686 
687 static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
688 
rest_init(void)689 noinline void __ref __noreturn rest_init(void)
690 {
691 	struct task_struct *tsk;
692 	int pid;
693 
694 	rcu_scheduler_starting();
695 	/*
696 	 * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however
697 	 * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if
698 	 * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS.
699 	 */
700 	pid = user_mode_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS);
701 	/*
702 	 * Pin init on the boot CPU. Task migration is not properly working
703 	 * until sched_init_smp() has been run. It will set the allowed
704 	 * CPUs for init to the non isolated CPUs.
705 	 */
706 	rcu_read_lock();
707 	tsk = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
708 	tsk->flags |= PF_NO_SETAFFINITY;
709 	set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpumask_of(smp_processor_id()));
710 	rcu_read_unlock();
711 
712 	numa_default_policy();
713 	pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
714 	rcu_read_lock();
715 	kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
716 	rcu_read_unlock();
717 
718 	/*
719 	 * Enable might_sleep() and smp_processor_id() checks.
720 	 * They cannot be enabled earlier because with CONFIG_PREEMPTION=y
721 	 * kernel_thread() would trigger might_sleep() splats. With
722 	 * CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY=y the init task might have scheduled
723 	 * already, but it's stuck on the kthreadd_done completion.
724 	 */
725 	system_state = SYSTEM_SCHEDULING;
726 
727 	complete(&kthreadd_done);
728 
729 	/*
730 	 * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
731 	 * at least once to get things moving:
732 	 */
733 	schedule_preempt_disabled();
734 	/* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
735 	cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_ONLINE);
736 }
737 
738 /* Check for early params. */
do_early_param(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)739 static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val,
740 				 const char *unused, void *arg)
741 {
742 	const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
743 
744 	for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
745 		if ((p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) ||
746 		    (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 &&
747 		     strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0)
748 		) {
749 			if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
750 				pr_warn("Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
751 		}
752 	}
753 	/* We accept everything at this stage. */
754 	return 0;
755 }
756 
parse_early_options(char * cmdline)757 void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
758 {
759 	parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
760 		   do_early_param);
761 }
762 
763 /* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
parse_early_param(void)764 void __init parse_early_param(void)
765 {
766 	static int done __initdata;
767 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
768 
769 	if (done)
770 		return;
771 
772 	/* All fall through to do_early_param. */
773 	strscpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
774 	parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
775 	done = 1;
776 }
777 
arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void)778 void __init __weak arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void) { }
779 
smp_setup_processor_id(void)780 void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
781 {
782 }
783 
784 # if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
thread_stack_cache_init(void)785 void __init __weak thread_stack_cache_init(void)
786 {
787 }
788 #endif
789 
poking_init(void)790 void __init __weak poking_init(void) { }
791 
pgtable_cache_init(void)792 void __init __weak pgtable_cache_init(void) { }
793 
trap_init(void)794 void __init __weak trap_init(void) { }
795 
796 bool initcall_debug;
797 core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
798 
799 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
800 static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void);
801 #else
initcall_debug_enable(void)802 static inline void initcall_debug_enable(void)
803 {
804 }
805 #endif
806 
807 #ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
808 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_MAYBE_RO(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT,
809 			   randomize_kstack_offset);
810 DEFINE_PER_CPU(u32, kstack_offset);
811 
early_randomize_kstack_offset(char * buf)812 static int __init early_randomize_kstack_offset(char *buf)
813 {
814 	int ret;
815 	bool bool_result;
816 
817 	ret = kstrtobool(buf, &bool_result);
818 	if (ret)
819 		return ret;
820 
821 	if (bool_result)
822 		static_branch_enable(&randomize_kstack_offset);
823 	else
824 		static_branch_disable(&randomize_kstack_offset);
825 	return 0;
826 }
827 early_param("randomize_kstack_offset", early_randomize_kstack_offset);
828 #endif
829 
arch_call_rest_init(void)830 void __init __weak __noreturn arch_call_rest_init(void)
831 {
832 	rest_init();
833 }
834 
print_unknown_bootoptions(void)835 static void __init print_unknown_bootoptions(void)
836 {
837 	char *unknown_options;
838 	char *end;
839 	const char *const *p;
840 	size_t len;
841 
842 	if (panic_later || (!argv_init[1] && !envp_init[2]))
843 		return;
844 
845 	/*
846 	 * Determine how many options we have to print out, plus a space
847 	 * before each
848 	 */
849 	len = 1; /* null terminator */
850 	for (p = &argv_init[1]; *p; p++) {
851 		len++;
852 		len += strlen(*p);
853 	}
854 	for (p = &envp_init[2]; *p; p++) {
855 		len++;
856 		len += strlen(*p);
857 	}
858 
859 	unknown_options = memblock_alloc(len, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
860 	if (!unknown_options) {
861 		pr_err("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n",
862 			__func__, len);
863 		return;
864 	}
865 	end = unknown_options;
866 
867 	for (p = &argv_init[1]; *p; p++)
868 		end += sprintf(end, " %s", *p);
869 	for (p = &envp_init[2]; *p; p++)
870 		end += sprintf(end, " %s", *p);
871 
872 	/* Start at unknown_options[1] to skip the initial space */
873 	pr_notice("Unknown kernel command line parameters \"%s\", will be passed to user space.\n",
874 		&unknown_options[1]);
875 	memblock_free(unknown_options, len);
876 }
877 
878 asmlinkage __visible __init __no_sanitize_address __noreturn __no_stack_protector
start_kernel(void)879 void start_kernel(void)
880 {
881 	char *command_line;
882 	char *after_dashes;
883 
884 	set_task_stack_end_magic(&init_task);
885 	smp_setup_processor_id();
886 	debug_objects_early_init();
887 	init_vmlinux_build_id();
888 
889 	cgroup_init_early();
890 
891 	local_irq_disable();
892 	early_boot_irqs_disabled = true;
893 
894 	/*
895 	 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
896 	 * enable them.
897 	 */
898 	boot_cpu_init();
899 	page_address_init();
900 	pr_notice("%s", linux_banner);
901 	early_security_init();
902 	setup_arch(&command_line);
903 	setup_boot_config();
904 	setup_command_line(command_line);
905 	setup_nr_cpu_ids();
906 	setup_per_cpu_areas();
907 	smp_prepare_boot_cpu();	/* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
908 	boot_cpu_hotplug_init();
909 
910 	pr_notice("Kernel command line: %s\n", saved_command_line);
911 	/* parameters may set static keys */
912 	jump_label_init();
913 	parse_early_param();
914 	after_dashes = parse_args("Booting kernel",
915 				  static_command_line, __start___param,
916 				  __stop___param - __start___param,
917 				  -1, -1, NULL, &unknown_bootoption);
918 	print_unknown_bootoptions();
919 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(after_dashes))
920 		parse_args("Setting init args", after_dashes, NULL, 0, -1, -1,
921 			   NULL, set_init_arg);
922 	if (extra_init_args)
923 		parse_args("Setting extra init args", extra_init_args,
924 			   NULL, 0, -1, -1, NULL, set_init_arg);
925 
926 	/* Architectural and non-timekeeping rng init, before allocator init */
927 	random_init_early(command_line);
928 
929 	/*
930 	 * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
931 	 * initalization of page allocator
932 	 */
933 	setup_log_buf(0);
934 	vfs_caches_init_early();
935 	sort_main_extable();
936 	trap_init();
937 	mm_core_init();
938 	poking_init();
939 	ftrace_init();
940 
941 	/* trace_printk can be enabled here */
942 	early_trace_init();
943 
944 	/*
945 	 * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
946 	 * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
947 	 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
948 	 */
949 	sched_init();
950 
951 	if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(),
952 		 "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n"))
953 		local_irq_disable();
954 	radix_tree_init();
955 	maple_tree_init();
956 
957 	/*
958 	 * Set up housekeeping before setting up workqueues to allow the unbound
959 	 * workqueue to take non-housekeeping into account.
960 	 */
961 	housekeeping_init();
962 
963 	/*
964 	 * Allow workqueue creation and work item queueing/cancelling
965 	 * early.  Work item execution depends on kthreads and starts after
966 	 * workqueue_init().
967 	 */
968 	workqueue_init_early();
969 
970 	rcu_init();
971 
972 	/* Trace events are available after this */
973 	trace_init();
974 
975 	if (initcall_debug)
976 		initcall_debug_enable();
977 
978 	context_tracking_init();
979 	/* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
980 	early_irq_init();
981 	init_IRQ();
982 	tick_init();
983 	rcu_init_nohz();
984 	init_timers();
985 	srcu_init();
986 	hrtimers_init();
987 	softirq_init();
988 	timekeeping_init();
989 	time_init();
990 
991 	/* This must be after timekeeping is initialized */
992 	random_init();
993 
994 	/* These make use of the fully initialized rng */
995 	kfence_init();
996 	boot_init_stack_canary();
997 
998 	perf_event_init();
999 	profile_init();
1000 	call_function_init();
1001 	WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled early\n");
1002 
1003 	early_boot_irqs_disabled = false;
1004 	local_irq_enable();
1005 
1006 	kmem_cache_init_late();
1007 
1008 	/*
1009 	 * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
1010 	 * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
1011 	 * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
1012 	 */
1013 	console_init();
1014 	if (panic_later)
1015 		panic("Too many boot %s vars at `%s'", panic_later,
1016 		      panic_param);
1017 
1018 	lockdep_init();
1019 
1020 	/*
1021 	 * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
1022 	 * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
1023 	 * too:
1024 	 */
1025 	locking_selftest();
1026 
1027 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
1028 	if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
1029 	    page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
1030 		pr_crit("initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n",
1031 		    page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
1032 		    min_low_pfn);
1033 		initrd_start = 0;
1034 	}
1035 #endif
1036 	setup_per_cpu_pageset();
1037 	numa_policy_init();
1038 	acpi_early_init();
1039 	if (late_time_init)
1040 		late_time_init();
1041 	sched_clock_init();
1042 	calibrate_delay();
1043 
1044 	arch_cpu_finalize_init();
1045 
1046 	pid_idr_init();
1047 	anon_vma_init();
1048 #ifdef CONFIG_X86
1049 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
1050 		efi_enter_virtual_mode();
1051 #endif
1052 	thread_stack_cache_init();
1053 	cred_init();
1054 	fork_init();
1055 	proc_caches_init();
1056 	uts_ns_init();
1057 	key_init();
1058 	security_init();
1059 	dbg_late_init();
1060 	net_ns_init();
1061 	vfs_caches_init();
1062 	pagecache_init();
1063 	signals_init();
1064 	seq_file_init();
1065 	proc_root_init();
1066 	nsfs_init();
1067 	cpuset_init();
1068 	cgroup_init();
1069 	taskstats_init_early();
1070 	delayacct_init();
1071 #ifdef CONFIG_RECLAIM_ACCT
1072 	reclaimacct_init();
1073 #endif
1074 
1075 	acpi_subsystem_init();
1076 	arch_post_acpi_subsys_init();
1077 	kcsan_init();
1078 
1079 	/* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
1080 	arch_call_rest_init();
1081 
1082 	/*
1083 	 * Avoid stack canaries in callers of boot_init_stack_canary for gcc-10
1084 	 * and older.
1085 	 */
1086 #if !__has_attribute(__no_stack_protector__)
1087 	prevent_tail_call_optimization();
1088 #endif
1089 }
1090 
1091 /* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
do_ctors(void)1092 static void __init do_ctors(void)
1093 {
1094 /*
1095  * For UML, the constructors have already been called by the
1096  * normal setup code as it's just a normal ELF binary, so we
1097  * cannot do it again - but we do need CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
1098  * even on UML for modules.
1099  */
1100 #if defined(CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS) && !defined(CONFIG_UML)
1101 	ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
1102 
1103 	for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
1104 		(*fn)();
1105 #endif
1106 }
1107 
1108 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
1109 struct blacklist_entry {
1110 	struct list_head next;
1111 	char *buf;
1112 };
1113 
1114 static __initdata_or_module LIST_HEAD(blacklisted_initcalls);
1115 
initcall_blacklist(char * str)1116 static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
1117 {
1118 	char *str_entry;
1119 	struct blacklist_entry *entry;
1120 
1121 	/* str argument is a comma-separated list of functions */
1122 	do {
1123 		str_entry = strsep(&str, ",");
1124 		if (str_entry) {
1125 			pr_debug("blacklisting initcall %s\n", str_entry);
1126 			entry = memblock_alloc(sizeof(*entry),
1127 					       SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
1128 			if (!entry)
1129 				panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n",
1130 				      __func__, sizeof(*entry));
1131 			entry->buf = memblock_alloc(strlen(str_entry) + 1,
1132 						    SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
1133 			if (!entry->buf)
1134 				panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n",
1135 				      __func__, strlen(str_entry) + 1);
1136 			strcpy(entry->buf, str_entry);
1137 			list_add(&entry->next, &blacklisted_initcalls);
1138 		}
1139 	} while (str_entry);
1140 
1141 	return 1;
1142 }
1143 
initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)1144 static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
1145 {
1146 	struct blacklist_entry *entry;
1147 	char fn_name[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
1148 	unsigned long addr;
1149 
1150 	if (list_empty(&blacklisted_initcalls))
1151 		return false;
1152 
1153 	addr = (unsigned long) dereference_function_descriptor(fn);
1154 	sprint_symbol_no_offset(fn_name, addr);
1155 
1156 	/*
1157 	 * fn will be "function_name [module_name]" where [module_name] is not
1158 	 * displayed for built-in init functions.  Strip off the [module_name].
1159 	 */
1160 	strreplace(fn_name, ' ', '\0');
1161 
1162 	list_for_each_entry(entry, &blacklisted_initcalls, next) {
1163 		if (!strcmp(fn_name, entry->buf)) {
1164 			pr_debug("initcall %s blacklisted\n", fn_name);
1165 			return true;
1166 		}
1167 	}
1168 
1169 	return false;
1170 }
1171 #else
initcall_blacklist(char * str)1172 static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
1173 {
1174 	pr_warn("initcall_blacklist requires CONFIG_KALLSYMS\n");
1175 	return 0;
1176 }
1177 
initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)1178 static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
1179 {
1180 	return false;
1181 }
1182 #endif
1183 __setup("initcall_blacklist=", initcall_blacklist);
1184 
1185 static __init_or_module void
trace_initcall_start_cb(void * data,initcall_t fn)1186 trace_initcall_start_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn)
1187 {
1188 	ktime_t *calltime = data;
1189 
1190 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling  %pS @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current));
1191 	*calltime = ktime_get();
1192 }
1193 
1194 static __init_or_module void
trace_initcall_finish_cb(void * data,initcall_t fn,int ret)1195 trace_initcall_finish_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn, int ret)
1196 {
1197 	ktime_t rettime, *calltime = data;
1198 
1199 	rettime = ktime_get();
1200 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "initcall %pS returned %d after %lld usecs\n",
1201 		 fn, ret, (unsigned long long)ktime_us_delta(rettime, *calltime));
1202 }
1203 
1204 static ktime_t initcall_calltime;
1205 
1206 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
initcall_debug_enable(void)1207 static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void)
1208 {
1209 	int ret;
1210 
1211 	ret = register_trace_initcall_start(trace_initcall_start_cb,
1212 					    &initcall_calltime);
1213 	ret |= register_trace_initcall_finish(trace_initcall_finish_cb,
1214 					      &initcall_calltime);
1215 	WARN(ret, "Failed to register initcall tracepoints\n");
1216 }
1217 # define do_trace_initcall_start	trace_initcall_start
1218 # define do_trace_initcall_finish	trace_initcall_finish
1219 #else
do_trace_initcall_start(initcall_t fn)1220 static inline void do_trace_initcall_start(initcall_t fn)
1221 {
1222 	if (!initcall_debug)
1223 		return;
1224 	trace_initcall_start_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn);
1225 }
do_trace_initcall_finish(initcall_t fn,int ret)1226 static inline void do_trace_initcall_finish(initcall_t fn, int ret)
1227 {
1228 	if (!initcall_debug)
1229 		return;
1230 	trace_initcall_finish_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn, ret);
1231 }
1232 #endif /* !TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED */
1233 
do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)1234 int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
1235 {
1236 	int count = preempt_count();
1237 	char msgbuf[64];
1238 	int ret;
1239 
1240 	if (initcall_blacklisted(fn))
1241 		return -EPERM;
1242 
1243 	do_trace_initcall_start(fn);
1244 	ret = fn();
1245 	do_trace_initcall_finish(fn, ret);
1246 
1247 	msgbuf[0] = 0;
1248 
1249 	if (preempt_count() != count) {
1250 		sprintf(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ");
1251 		preempt_count_set(count);
1252 	}
1253 	if (irqs_disabled()) {
1254 		strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
1255 		local_irq_enable();
1256 	}
1257 	WARN(msgbuf[0], "initcall %pS returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
1258 
1259 	add_latent_entropy();
1260 	return ret;
1261 }
1262 
1263 
1264 static initcall_entry_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = {
1265 	__initcall0_start,
1266 	__initcall1_start,
1267 	__initcall2_start,
1268 	__initcall3_start,
1269 	__initcall4_start,
1270 	__initcall5_start,
1271 	__initcall6_start,
1272 	__initcall7_start,
1273 	__initcall_end,
1274 };
1275 
1276 /* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */
1277 static const char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = {
1278 	"pure",
1279 	"core",
1280 	"postcore",
1281 	"arch",
1282 	"subsys",
1283 	"fs",
1284 	"device",
1285 	"late",
1286 };
1287 
ignore_unknown_bootoption(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)1288 static int __init ignore_unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
1289 			       const char *unused, void *arg)
1290 {
1291 	return 0;
1292 }
1293 
do_initcall_level(int level,char * command_line)1294 static void __init do_initcall_level(int level, char *command_line)
1295 {
1296 	initcall_entry_t *fn;
1297 
1298 	parse_args(initcall_level_names[level],
1299 		   command_line, __start___param,
1300 		   __stop___param - __start___param,
1301 		   level, level,
1302 		   NULL, ignore_unknown_bootoption);
1303 
1304 	trace_initcall_level(initcall_level_names[level]);
1305 	for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++)
1306 		do_one_initcall(initcall_from_entry(fn));
1307 }
1308 
do_initcalls(void)1309 static void __init do_initcalls(void)
1310 {
1311 	int level;
1312 	size_t len = saved_command_line_len + 1;
1313 	char *command_line;
1314 
1315 	command_line = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1316 	if (!command_line)
1317 		panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len);
1318 
1319 	for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++) {
1320 		/* Parser modifies command_line, restore it each time */
1321 		strcpy(command_line, saved_command_line);
1322 		do_initcall_level(level, command_line);
1323 	}
1324 
1325 	kfree(command_line);
1326 }
1327 
1328 /*
1329  * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
1330  * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
1331  * running, and memory and process management works.
1332  *
1333  * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
1334  */
do_basic_setup(void)1335 static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
1336 {
1337 	cpuset_init_smp();
1338 	driver_init();
1339 	init_irq_proc();
1340 	do_ctors();
1341 	do_initcalls();
1342 }
1343 
do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)1344 static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
1345 {
1346 	initcall_entry_t *fn;
1347 
1348 	trace_initcall_level("early");
1349 	for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++)
1350 		do_one_initcall(initcall_from_entry(fn));
1351 }
1352 
run_init_process(const char * init_filename)1353 static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1354 {
1355 	const char *const *p;
1356 
1357 	argv_init[0] = init_filename;
1358 	pr_info("Run %s as init process\n", init_filename);
1359 	pr_debug("  with arguments:\n");
1360 	for (p = argv_init; *p; p++)
1361 		pr_debug("    %s\n", *p);
1362 	pr_debug("  with environment:\n");
1363 	for (p = envp_init; *p; p++)
1364 		pr_debug("    %s\n", *p);
1365 	return kernel_execve(init_filename, argv_init, envp_init);
1366 }
1367 
try_to_run_init_process(const char * init_filename)1368 static int try_to_run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1369 {
1370 	int ret;
1371 
1372 	ret = run_init_process(init_filename);
1373 
1374 	if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) {
1375 		pr_err("Starting init: %s exists but couldn't execute it (error %d)\n",
1376 		       init_filename, ret);
1377 	}
1378 
1379 	return ret;
1380 }
1381 
1382 static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void);
1383 
1384 #if defined(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX) || defined(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX)
1385 bool rodata_enabled __ro_after_init = true;
1386 
1387 #ifndef arch_parse_debug_rodata
arch_parse_debug_rodata(char * str)1388 static inline bool arch_parse_debug_rodata(char *str) { return false; }
1389 #endif
1390 
set_debug_rodata(char * str)1391 static int __init set_debug_rodata(char *str)
1392 {
1393 	if (arch_parse_debug_rodata(str))
1394 		return 0;
1395 
1396 	if (str && !strcmp(str, "on"))
1397 		rodata_enabled = true;
1398 	else if (str && !strcmp(str, "off"))
1399 		rodata_enabled = false;
1400 	else
1401 		pr_warn("Invalid option string for rodata: '%s'\n", str);
1402 	return 0;
1403 }
1404 early_param("rodata", set_debug_rodata);
1405 #endif
1406 
1407 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
mark_readonly(void)1408 static void mark_readonly(void)
1409 {
1410 	if (rodata_enabled) {
1411 		/*
1412 		 * load_module() results in W+X mappings, which are cleaned
1413 		 * up with init_free_wq. Let's make sure that queued work is
1414 		 * flushed so that we don't hit false positives looking for
1415 		 * insecure pages which are W+X.
1416 		 */
1417 		flush_module_init_free_work();
1418 		mark_rodata_ro();
1419 		rodata_test();
1420 	} else
1421 		pr_info("Kernel memory protection disabled.\n");
1422 }
1423 #elif defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX)
mark_readonly(void)1424 static inline void mark_readonly(void)
1425 {
1426 	pr_warn("Kernel memory protection not selected by kernel config.\n");
1427 }
1428 #else
mark_readonly(void)1429 static inline void mark_readonly(void)
1430 {
1431 	pr_warn("This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.\n");
1432 }
1433 #endif
1434 
free_initmem(void)1435 void __weak free_initmem(void)
1436 {
1437 	free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM);
1438 }
1439 
kernel_init(void * unused)1440 static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
1441 {
1442 	int ret;
1443 
1444 	/*
1445 	 * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up.
1446 	 */
1447 	wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done);
1448 
1449 	kernel_init_freeable();
1450 	/* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
1451 	async_synchronize_full();
1452 
1453 	system_state = SYSTEM_FREEING_INITMEM;
1454 	kprobe_free_init_mem();
1455 	ftrace_free_init_mem();
1456 	kgdb_free_init_mem();
1457 	exit_boot_config();
1458 	free_initmem();
1459 	mark_readonly();
1460 
1461 	/*
1462 	 * Kernel mappings are now finalized - update the userspace page-table
1463 	 * to finalize PTI.
1464 	 */
1465 	pti_finalize();
1466 
1467 	system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
1468 	numa_default_policy();
1469 
1470 	rcu_end_inkernel_boot();
1471 
1472 	do_sysctl_args();
1473 
1474 	if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
1475 		ret = run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command);
1476 		if (!ret)
1477 			return 0;
1478 		pr_err("Failed to execute %s (error %d)\n",
1479 		       ramdisk_execute_command, ret);
1480 	}
1481 
1482 	/*
1483 	 * We try each of these until one succeeds.
1484 	 *
1485 	 * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
1486 	 * trying to recover a really broken machine.
1487 	 */
1488 	if (execute_command) {
1489 		ret = run_init_process(execute_command);
1490 		if (!ret)
1491 			return 0;
1492 		panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).",
1493 		      execute_command, ret);
1494 	}
1495 
1496 	if (CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT[0] != '\0') {
1497 		ret = run_init_process(CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT);
1498 		if (ret)
1499 			pr_err("Default init %s failed (error %d)\n",
1500 			       CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT, ret);
1501 		else
1502 			return 0;
1503 	}
1504 
1505 	if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
1506 	    !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
1507 	    !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
1508 	    !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/sh"))
1509 		return 0;
1510 
1511 	panic("No working init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel. "
1512 	      "See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.");
1513 }
1514 
1515 /* Open /dev/console, for stdin/stdout/stderr, this should never fail */
console_on_rootfs(void)1516 void __init console_on_rootfs(void)
1517 {
1518 	struct file *file = filp_open("/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0);
1519 
1520 	if (IS_ERR(file)) {
1521 		pr_err("Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
1522 		return;
1523 	}
1524 	init_dup(file);
1525 	init_dup(file);
1526 	init_dup(file);
1527 	fput(file);
1528 }
1529 
kernel_init_freeable(void)1530 static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void)
1531 {
1532 	/* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */
1533 	gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
1534 
1535 	/*
1536 	 * init can allocate pages on any node
1537 	 */
1538 	set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]);
1539 
1540 	cad_pid = get_pid(task_pid(current));
1541 
1542 	smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
1543 
1544 	workqueue_init();
1545 
1546 	init_mm_internals();
1547 
1548 	rcu_init_tasks_generic();
1549 	do_pre_smp_initcalls();
1550 	lockup_detector_init();
1551 
1552 	smp_init();
1553 	sched_init_smp();
1554 
1555 	workqueue_init_topology();
1556 	padata_init();
1557 	page_alloc_init_late();
1558 
1559 	do_basic_setup();
1560 
1561 	kunit_run_all_tests();
1562 
1563 	wait_for_initramfs();
1564 	console_on_rootfs();
1565 
1566 	/*
1567 	 * check if there is an early userspace init.  If yes, let it do all
1568 	 * the work
1569 	 */
1570 	if (init_eaccess(ramdisk_execute_command) != 0) {
1571 		ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
1572 		prepare_namespace();
1573 	}
1574 
1575 	/*
1576 	 * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
1577 	 * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
1578 	 * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
1579 	 *
1580 	 * rootfs is available now, try loading the public keys
1581 	 * and default modules
1582 	 */
1583 
1584 	integrity_load_keys();
1585 }
1586