• Home
  • Line#
  • Scopes#
  • Navigate#
  • Raw
  • Download
1 /* MIT License
2  *
3  * Copyright (c) 2023 Brad House
4  *
5  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
6  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
7  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
8  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
9  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
10  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11  *
12  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
13  * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
14  * Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
19  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
22  * SOFTWARE.
23  *
24  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
25  */
26 #ifndef __ARES_DNS_RECORD_H
27 #define __ARES_DNS_RECORD_H
28 
29 /* Include ares.h, not this file directly */
30 
31 #ifdef __cplusplus
32 extern "C" {
33 #endif
34 
35 /*! \addtogroup ares_dns_record DNS Record Handling
36  *
37  * This is a set of functions to create and manipulate DNS records.
38  *
39  * @{
40  */
41 
42 /*! DNS Record types handled by c-ares.  Some record types may only be valid
43  *  on requests (e.g. ARES_REC_TYPE_ANY), and some may only be valid on
44  *  responses */
45 typedef enum {
46   ARES_REC_TYPE_A     = 1,     /*!< Host address. */
47   ARES_REC_TYPE_NS    = 2,     /*!< Authoritative server. */
48   ARES_REC_TYPE_CNAME = 5,     /*!< Canonical name. */
49   ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA   = 6,     /*!< Start of authority zone. */
50   ARES_REC_TYPE_PTR   = 12,    /*!< Domain name pointer. */
51   ARES_REC_TYPE_HINFO = 13,    /*!< Host information. */
52   ARES_REC_TYPE_MX    = 15,    /*!< Mail routing information. */
53   ARES_REC_TYPE_TXT   = 16,    /*!< Text strings. */
54   ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG   = 24,    /*!< RFC 2535 / RFC 2931. SIG Record */
55   ARES_REC_TYPE_AAAA  = 28,    /*!< RFC 3596. Ip6 Address. */
56   ARES_REC_TYPE_SRV   = 33,    /*!< RFC 2782. Server Selection. */
57   ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR = 35,    /*!< RFC 3403. Naming Authority Pointer */
58   ARES_REC_TYPE_OPT   = 41,    /*!< RFC 6891. EDNS0 option (meta-RR) */
59 
60   ARES_REC_TYPE_TLSA = 52,     /*!< RFC 6698. DNS-Based Authentication of Named
61                                 *   Entities (DANE) Transport Layer Security
62                                 *   (TLS) Protocol: TLSA */
63   ARES_REC_TYPE_SVCB  = 64,    /*!< RFC 9460. General Purpose Service Binding */
64   ARES_REC_TYPE_HTTPS = 65,    /*!< RFC 9460. Service Binding type for use with
65                                 *   HTTPS */
66   ARES_REC_TYPE_ANY = 255,     /*!< Wildcard match.  Not response RR. */
67   ARES_REC_TYPE_URI = 256,     /*!< RFC 7553. Uniform Resource Identifier */
68   ARES_REC_TYPE_CAA = 257,     /*!< RFC 6844. Certification Authority
69                                 *   Authorization. */
70   ARES_REC_TYPE_RAW_RR = 65536 /*!< Used as an indicator that the RR record
71                                 *   is not parsed, but provided in wire
72                                 *   format */
73 } ares_dns_rec_type_t;
74 
75 /*! DNS Classes for requests and responses.  */
76 typedef enum {
77   ARES_CLASS_IN     = 1,   /*!< Internet */
78   ARES_CLASS_CHAOS  = 3,   /*!< CHAOS */
79   ARES_CLASS_HESOID = 4,   /*!< Hesoid [Dyer 87] */
80   ARES_CLASS_NONE   = 254, /*!< RFC 2136 */
81   ARES_CLASS_ANY    = 255  /*!< Any class (requests only) */
82 } ares_dns_class_t;
83 
84 /*! DNS RR Section type */
85 typedef enum {
86   ARES_SECTION_ANSWER     = 1, /*!< Answer section */
87   ARES_SECTION_AUTHORITY  = 2, /*!< Authority section */
88   ARES_SECTION_ADDITIONAL = 3  /*!< Additional information section */
89 } ares_dns_section_t;
90 
91 /*! DNS Header opcodes */
92 typedef enum {
93   ARES_OPCODE_QUERY  = 0, /*!< Standard query */
94   ARES_OPCODE_IQUERY = 1, /*!< Inverse query. Obsolete. */
95   ARES_OPCODE_STATUS = 2, /*!< Name server status query */
96   ARES_OPCODE_NOTIFY = 4, /*!< Zone change notification (RFC 1996) */
97   ARES_OPCODE_UPDATE = 5  /*!< Zone update message (RFC2136) */
98 } ares_dns_opcode_t;
99 
100 /*! DNS Header flags */
101 typedef enum {
102   ARES_FLAG_QR = 1 << 0, /*!< QR. If set, is a response */
103   ARES_FLAG_AA = 1 << 1, /*!< Authoritative Answer. If set, is authoritative */
104   ARES_FLAG_TC = 1 << 2, /*!< Truncation. If set, is truncated response */
105   ARES_FLAG_RD = 1 << 3, /*!< Recursion Desired. If set, recursion is desired */
106   ARES_FLAG_RA = 1 << 4, /*!< Recursion Available. If set, server supports
107                           *   recursion */
108   ARES_FLAG_AD = 1 << 5, /*!< RFC 2065. Authentic Data bit indicates in a
109                           * response that the data included has been verified by
110                           * the server providing it */
111   ARES_FLAG_CD = 1 << 6  /*!< RFC 2065. Checking Disabled bit indicates in a
112                           * query that non-verified data is acceptable to the
113                           * resolver sending the query. */
114 } ares_dns_flags_t;
115 
116 /*! DNS Response Codes from server */
117 typedef enum {
118   ARES_RCODE_NOERROR = 0,    /*!< Success */
119   ARES_RCODE_FORMERR = 1,    /*!< Format error. The name server was unable
120                               *   to interpret the query. */
121   ARES_RCODE_SERVFAIL = 2,   /*!< Server Failure. The name server was
122                               *   unable to process this query due to a
123                               *   problem with the nameserver */
124   ARES_RCODE_NXDOMAIN = 3,   /*!< Name Error.  Meaningful only for
125                               *   responses from an authoritative name
126                               *   server, this code signifies that the
127                               *   domain name referenced in the query does
128                               *   not exist. */
129   ARES_RCODE_NOTIMP = 4,     /*!< Not implemented.  The name server does
130                               *   not support the requested kind of
131                               *   query */
132   ARES_RCODE_REFUSED = 5,    /*!< Refused. The name server refuses to
133                               *   perform the specified operation for
134                               *   policy reasons. */
135   ARES_RCODE_YXDOMAIN = 6,   /*!< RFC 2136. Some name that ought not to
136                               *   exist, does exist. */
137   ARES_RCODE_YXRRSET = 7,    /*!< RFC 2136. Some RRset that ought to not
138                               *   exist, does exist. */
139   ARES_RCODE_NXRRSET = 8,    /*!< RFC 2136. Some RRset that ought to exist,
140                               *   does not exist. */
141   ARES_RCODE_NOTAUTH = 9,    /*!< RFC 2136. The server is not authoritative
142                               *   for the zone named in the Zone section.
143                               */
144   ARES_RCODE_NOTZONE = 10,   /*!< RFC 2136. A name used in the Prerequisite
145                               *   or Update Section is not within the zone
146                               *   denoted by the Zone Section. */
147   ARES_RCODE_DSOTYPEI  = 11, /*!< RFC 8409. DSO-TYPE Not implemented */
148   ARES_RCODE_BADSIG    = 16, /*!< RFC 8945. TSIG Signature Failure */
149   ARES_RCODE_BADKEY    = 17, /*!< RFC 8945. Key not recognized. */
150   ARES_RCODE_BADTIME   = 18, /*!< RFC 8945. Signature out of time window. */
151   ARES_RCODE_BADMODE   = 19, /*!< RFC 2930. Bad TKEY Mode */
152   ARES_RCODE_BADNAME   = 20, /*!< RFC 2930. Duplicate Key Name */
153   ARES_RCODE_BADALG    = 21, /*!< RFC 2930. Algorithm not supported */
154   ARES_RCODE_BADTRUNC  = 22, /*!< RFC 8945. Bad Truncation */
155   ARES_RCODE_BADCOOKIE = 23  /*!< RFC 7873. Bad/missing Server Cookie */
156 } ares_dns_rcode_t;
157 
158 /*! Data types used */
159 typedef enum {
160   ARES_DATATYPE_INADDR  = 1, /*!< struct in_addr * type */
161   ARES_DATATYPE_INADDR6 = 2, /*!< struct ares_in6_addr * type */
162   ARES_DATATYPE_U8      = 3, /*!< 8bit unsigned integer */
163   ARES_DATATYPE_U16     = 4, /*!< 16bit unsigned integer */
164   ARES_DATATYPE_U32     = 5, /*!< 32bit unsigned integer */
165   ARES_DATATYPE_NAME    = 6, /*!< Null-terminated string of a domain name */
166   ARES_DATATYPE_STR     = 7, /*!< Null-terminated string */
167   ARES_DATATYPE_BIN     = 8, /*!< Binary data */
168   ARES_DATATYPE_BINP    = 9, /*!< Officially defined as binary data, but likely
169                               *   printable. Guaranteed to have a NULL
170                               *   terminator for convenience (not included in
171                               *   length) */
172   ARES_DATATYPE_OPT = 10,    /*!< Array of options.  16bit identifier, BIN
173                               *   data. */
174   ARES_DATATYPE_ABINP = 11   /*!< Array of binary data, likely printable.
175                               *   Guaranteed to have a NULL terminator for
176                               *   convenience (not included in length) */
177 } ares_dns_datatype_t;
178 
179 /*! Keys used for all RR Types.  We take the record type and multiply by 100
180  *  to ensure we have a proper offset between keys so we can keep these sorted
181  */
182 typedef enum {
183   /*! A Record. Address. Datatype: INADDR */
184   ARES_RR_A_ADDR = (ARES_REC_TYPE_A * 100) + 1,
185   /*! NS Record. Name. Datatype: NAME */
186   ARES_RR_NS_NSDNAME = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NS * 100) + 1,
187   /*! CNAME Record. CName. Datatype: NAME */
188   ARES_RR_CNAME_CNAME = (ARES_REC_TYPE_CNAME * 100) + 1,
189   /*! SOA Record. MNAME, Primary Source of Data. Datatype: NAME */
190   ARES_RR_SOA_MNAME = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 1,
191   /*! SOA Record. RNAME, Mailbox of person responsible. Datatype: NAME */
192   ARES_RR_SOA_RNAME = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 2,
193   /*! SOA Record. Serial, version. Datatype: U32 */
194   ARES_RR_SOA_SERIAL = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 3,
195   /*! SOA Record. Refresh, zone refersh interval. Datatype: U32 */
196   ARES_RR_SOA_REFRESH = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 4,
197   /*! SOA Record. Retry, failed refresh retry interval. Datatype: U32 */
198   ARES_RR_SOA_RETRY = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 5,
199   /*! SOA Record. Expire, upper limit on authority. Datatype: U32 */
200   ARES_RR_SOA_EXPIRE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 6,
201   /*! SOA Record. Minimum, RR TTL. Datatype: U32 */
202   ARES_RR_SOA_MINIMUM = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SOA * 100) + 7,
203   /*! PTR Record. DNAME, pointer domain. Datatype: NAME */
204   ARES_RR_PTR_DNAME = (ARES_REC_TYPE_PTR * 100) + 1,
205   /*! HINFO Record. CPU. Datatype: STR */
206   ARES_RR_HINFO_CPU = (ARES_REC_TYPE_HINFO * 100) + 1,
207   /*! HINFO Record. OS. Datatype: STR */
208   ARES_RR_HINFO_OS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_HINFO * 100) + 2,
209   /*! MX Record. Preference. Datatype: U16 */
210   ARES_RR_MX_PREFERENCE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_MX * 100) + 1,
211   /*! MX Record. Exchange, domain. Datatype: NAME */
212   ARES_RR_MX_EXCHANGE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_MX * 100) + 2,
213   /*! TXT Record. Data. Datatype: ABINP */
214   ARES_RR_TXT_DATA = (ARES_REC_TYPE_TXT * 100) + 1,
215   /*! SIG Record. Type Covered. Datatype: U16 */
216   ARES_RR_SIG_TYPE_COVERED = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 1,
217   /*! SIG Record. Algorithm. Datatype: U8 */
218   ARES_RR_SIG_ALGORITHM = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 2,
219   /*! SIG Record. Labels. Datatype: U8 */
220   ARES_RR_SIG_LABELS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 3,
221   /*! SIG Record. Original TTL. Datatype: U32 */
222   ARES_RR_SIG_ORIGINAL_TTL = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 4,
223   /*! SIG Record. Signature Expiration. Datatype: U32 */
224   ARES_RR_SIG_EXPIRATION = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 5,
225   /*! SIG Record. Signature Inception. Datatype: U32 */
226   ARES_RR_SIG_INCEPTION = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 6,
227   /*! SIG Record. Key Tag. Datatype: U16 */
228   ARES_RR_SIG_KEY_TAG = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 7,
229   /*! SIG Record. Signers Name. Datatype: NAME */
230   ARES_RR_SIG_SIGNERS_NAME = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 8,
231   /*! SIG Record. Signature. Datatype: BIN */
232   ARES_RR_SIG_SIGNATURE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SIG * 100) + 9,
233   /*! AAAA Record. Address. Datatype: INADDR6 */
234   ARES_RR_AAAA_ADDR = (ARES_REC_TYPE_AAAA * 100) + 1,
235   /*! SRV Record. Priority. Datatype: U16 */
236   ARES_RR_SRV_PRIORITY = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SRV * 100) + 2,
237   /*! SRV Record. Weight. Datatype: U16 */
238   ARES_RR_SRV_WEIGHT = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SRV * 100) + 3,
239   /*! SRV Record. Port. Datatype: U16 */
240   ARES_RR_SRV_PORT = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SRV * 100) + 4,
241   /*! SRV Record. Target domain. Datatype: NAME */
242   ARES_RR_SRV_TARGET = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SRV * 100) + 5,
243   /*! NAPTR Record. Order. Datatype: U16 */
244   ARES_RR_NAPTR_ORDER = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR * 100) + 1,
245   /*! NAPTR Record. Preference. Datatype: U16 */
246   ARES_RR_NAPTR_PREFERENCE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR * 100) + 2,
247   /*! NAPTR Record. Flags. Datatype: STR */
248   ARES_RR_NAPTR_FLAGS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR * 100) + 3,
249   /*! NAPTR Record. Services. Datatype: STR */
250   ARES_RR_NAPTR_SERVICES = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR * 100) + 4,
251   /*! NAPTR Record. Regexp. Datatype: STR */
252   ARES_RR_NAPTR_REGEXP = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR * 100) + 5,
253   /*! NAPTR Record. Replacement. Datatype: NAME */
254   ARES_RR_NAPTR_REPLACEMENT = (ARES_REC_TYPE_NAPTR * 100) + 6,
255   /*! OPT Record. UDP Size. Datatype: U16 */
256   ARES_RR_OPT_UDP_SIZE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_OPT * 100) + 1,
257   /*! OPT Record. Version. Datatype: U8 */
258   ARES_RR_OPT_VERSION = (ARES_REC_TYPE_OPT * 100) + 3,
259   /*! OPT Record. Flags. Datatype: U16 */
260   ARES_RR_OPT_FLAGS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_OPT * 100) + 4,
261   /*! OPT Record. Options. Datatype: OPT */
262   ARES_RR_OPT_OPTIONS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_OPT * 100) + 5,
263   /*! TLSA Record. Certificate Usage. Datatype: U8 */
264   ARES_RR_TLSA_CERT_USAGE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_TLSA * 100) + 1,
265   /*! TLSA Record. Selector. Datatype: U8 */
266   ARES_RR_TLSA_SELECTOR = (ARES_REC_TYPE_TLSA * 100) + 2,
267   /*! TLSA Record. Matching Type. Datatype: U8 */
268   ARES_RR_TLSA_MATCH = (ARES_REC_TYPE_TLSA * 100) + 3,
269   /*! TLSA Record. Certificate Association Data. Datatype: BIN */
270   ARES_RR_TLSA_DATA = (ARES_REC_TYPE_TLSA * 100) + 4,
271   /*! SVCB Record. SvcPriority. Datatype: U16 */
272   ARES_RR_SVCB_PRIORITY = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SVCB * 100) + 1,
273   /*! SVCB Record. TargetName. Datatype: NAME */
274   ARES_RR_SVCB_TARGET = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SVCB * 100) + 2,
275   /*! SVCB Record. SvcParams. Datatype: OPT */
276   ARES_RR_SVCB_PARAMS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_SVCB * 100) + 3,
277   /*! HTTPS Record. SvcPriority. Datatype: U16 */
278   ARES_RR_HTTPS_PRIORITY = (ARES_REC_TYPE_HTTPS * 100) + 1,
279   /*! HTTPS Record. TargetName. Datatype: NAME */
280   ARES_RR_HTTPS_TARGET = (ARES_REC_TYPE_HTTPS * 100) + 2,
281   /*! HTTPS Record. SvcParams. Datatype: OPT */
282   ARES_RR_HTTPS_PARAMS = (ARES_REC_TYPE_HTTPS * 100) + 3,
283   /*! URI Record. Priority. Datatype: U16 */
284   ARES_RR_URI_PRIORITY = (ARES_REC_TYPE_URI * 100) + 1,
285   /*! URI Record. Weight. Datatype: U16 */
286   ARES_RR_URI_WEIGHT = (ARES_REC_TYPE_URI * 100) + 2,
287   /*! URI Record. Target domain. Datatype: NAME */
288   ARES_RR_URI_TARGET = (ARES_REC_TYPE_URI * 100) + 3,
289   /*! CAA Record. Critical flag. Datatype: U8 */
290   ARES_RR_CAA_CRITICAL = (ARES_REC_TYPE_CAA * 100) + 1,
291   /*! CAA Record. Tag/Property. Datatype: STR */
292   ARES_RR_CAA_TAG = (ARES_REC_TYPE_CAA * 100) + 2,
293   /*! CAA Record. Value. Datatype: BINP */
294   ARES_RR_CAA_VALUE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_CAA * 100) + 3,
295   /*! RAW Record. RR Type. Datatype: U16 */
296   ARES_RR_RAW_RR_TYPE = (ARES_REC_TYPE_RAW_RR * 100) + 1,
297   /*! RAW Record. RR Data. Datatype: BIN */
298   ARES_RR_RAW_RR_DATA = (ARES_REC_TYPE_RAW_RR * 100) + 2
299 } ares_dns_rr_key_t;
300 
301 /*! TLSA Record ARES_RR_TLSA_CERT_USAGE known values */
302 typedef enum {
303   /*! Certificate Usage 0. CA Constraint. */
304   ARES_TLSA_USAGE_CA = 0,
305   /*! Certificate Usage 1. Service Certificate Constraint. */
306   ARES_TLSA_USAGE_SERVICE = 1,
307   /*! Certificate Usage 2. Trust Anchor Assertion. */
308   ARES_TLSA_USAGE_TRUSTANCHOR = 2,
309   /*! Certificate Usage 3. Domain-issued certificate. */
310   ARES_TLSA_USAGE_DOMAIN = 3
311 } ares_tlsa_usage_t;
312 
313 /*! TLSA Record ARES_RR_TLSA_SELECTOR known values */
314 typedef enum {
315   /*! Full Certificate */
316   ARES_TLSA_SELECTOR_FULL = 0,
317   /*! DER-encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo */
318   ARES_TLSA_SELECTOR_SUBJPUBKEYINFO = 1
319 } ares_tlsa_selector_t;
320 
321 /*! TLSA Record ARES_RR_TLSA_MATCH known values */
322 typedef enum {
323   /*! Exact match */
324   ARES_TLSA_MATCH_EXACT = 0,
325   /*! Sha256 match */
326   ARES_TLSA_MATCH_SHA256 = 1,
327   /*! Sha512 match */
328   ARES_TLSA_MATCH_SHA512 = 2
329 } ares_tlsa_match_t;
330 
331 /*! SVCB (and HTTPS) RR known parameters */
332 typedef enum {
333   /*! Mandatory keys in this RR (RFC 9460 Section 8) */
334   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_MANDATORY = 0,
335   /*! Additional supported protocols (RFC 9460 Section 7.1) */
336   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_ALPN = 1,
337   /*! No support for default protocol (RFC 9460 Section 7.1) */
338   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_NO_DEFAULT_ALPN = 2,
339   /*! Port for alternative endpoint (RFC 9460 Section 7.2) */
340   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_PORT = 3,
341   /*! IPv4 address hints (RFC 9460 Section 7.3) */
342   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_IPV4HINT = 4,
343   /*! RESERVED (held for Encrypted ClientHello) */
344   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_ECH = 5,
345   /*! IPv6 address hints (RFC 9460 Section 7.3) */
346   ARES_SVCB_PARAM_IPV6HINT = 6
347 } ares_svcb_param_t;
348 
349 /*! OPT RR known parameters */
350 typedef enum {
351   /*! RFC 8764. Apple's DNS Long-Lived Queries Protocol */
352   ARES_OPT_PARAM_LLQ = 1,
353   /*! http://files.dns-sd.org/draft-sekar-dns-ul.txt: Update Lease */
354   ARES_OPT_PARAM_UL = 2,
355   /*! RFC 5001. Name Server Identification */
356   ARES_OPT_PARAM_NSID = 3,
357   /*! RFC 6975. DNSSEC Algorithm Understood */
358   ARES_OPT_PARAM_DAU = 5,
359   /*! RFC 6975. DS Hash Understood */
360   ARES_OPT_PARAM_DHU = 6,
361   /*! RFC 6975. NSEC3 Hash Understood */
362   ARES_OPT_PARAM_N3U = 7,
363   /*! RFC 7871. Client Subnet */
364   ARES_OPT_PARAM_EDNS_CLIENT_SUBNET = 8,
365   /*! RFC 7314. Expire Timer */
366   ARES_OPT_PARAM_EDNS_EXPIRE = 9,
367   /*! RFC 7873. Client and Server Cookies */
368   ARES_OPT_PARAM_COOKIE = 10,
369   /*! RFC 7828. TCP Keepalive timeout */
370   ARES_OPT_PARAM_EDNS_TCP_KEEPALIVE = 11,
371   /*! RFC 7830. Padding */
372   ARES_OPT_PARAM_PADDING = 12,
373   /*! RFC 7901. Chain query requests */
374   ARES_OPT_PARAM_CHAIN = 13,
375   /*! RFC 8145. Signaling Trust Anchor Knowledge in DNSSEC */
376   ARES_OPT_PARAM_EDNS_KEY_TAG = 14,
377   /*! RFC 8914. Extended ERROR code and message */
378   ARES_OPT_PARAM_EXTENDED_DNS_ERROR = 15
379 } ares_opt_param_t;
380 
381 /*! Data type for option records for keys like ARES_RR_OPT_OPTIONS and
382  *  ARES_RR_HTTPS_PARAMS returned by ares_dns_opt_get_datatype() */
383 typedef enum {
384   /*! No value allowed for this option */
385   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_NONE = 1,
386   /*! List of strings, each prefixed with a single octet representing the length
387    */
388   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_STR_LIST = 2,
389   /*! List of 8bit integers, concatenated */
390   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_U8_LIST = 3,
391   /*! 16bit integer in network byte order */
392   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_U16 = 4,
393   /*! list of 16bit integer in network byte order, concatenated. */
394   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_U16_LIST = 5,
395   /*! 32bit integer in network byte order */
396   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_U32 = 6,
397   /*! list 32bit integer in network byte order, concatenated */
398   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_U32_LIST = 7,
399   /*! List of ipv4 addresses in network byte order, concatenated */
400   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_INADDR4_LIST = 8,
401   /*! List of ipv6 addresses in network byte order, concatenated */
402   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_INADDR6_LIST = 9,
403   /*! Binary Data */
404   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_BIN = 10,
405   /*! DNS Domain Name Format */
406   ARES_OPT_DATATYPE_NAME = 11
407 } ares_dns_opt_datatype_t;
408 
409 /*! Data type for flags to ares_dns_parse() */
410 typedef enum {
411   /*! Parse Answers from RFC 1035 that allow name compression as RAW */
412   ARES_DNS_PARSE_AN_BASE_RAW = 1 << 0,
413   /*! Parse Authority from RFC 1035 that allow name compression as RAW */
414   ARES_DNS_PARSE_NS_BASE_RAW = 1 << 1,
415   /*! Parse Additional from RFC 1035 that allow name compression as RAW */
416   ARES_DNS_PARSE_AR_BASE_RAW = 1 << 2,
417   /*! Parse Answers from later RFCs (no name compression) RAW */
418   ARES_DNS_PARSE_AN_EXT_RAW = 1 << 3,
419   /*! Parse Authority from later RFCs (no name compression) as RAW */
420   ARES_DNS_PARSE_NS_EXT_RAW = 1 << 4,
421   /*! Parse Additional from later RFCs (no name compression) as RAW */
422   ARES_DNS_PARSE_AR_EXT_RAW = 1 << 5
423 } ares_dns_parse_flags_t;
424 
425 /*! String representation of DNS Record Type
426  *
427  *  \param[in] type  DNS Record Type
428  *  \return string
429  */
430 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_rec_type_tostr(ares_dns_rec_type_t type);
431 
432 /*! String representation of DNS Class
433  *
434  *  \param[in] qclass  DNS Class
435  *  \return string
436  */
437 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_class_tostr(ares_dns_class_t qclass);
438 
439 /*! String representation of DNS OpCode
440  *
441  *  \param[in] opcode  DNS OpCode
442  *  \return string
443  */
444 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_opcode_tostr(ares_dns_opcode_t opcode);
445 
446 /*! String representation of DNS Resource Record Parameter
447  *
448  *  \param[in] key  DNS Resource Record parameter
449  *  \return string
450  */
451 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_rr_key_tostr(ares_dns_rr_key_t key);
452 
453 /*! String representation of DNS Resource Record section
454  *
455  * \param[in] section  Section
456  * \return string
457  */
458 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_section_tostr(ares_dns_section_t section);
459 
460 /*! Convert DNS class name as string to ares_dns_class_t
461  *
462  *  \param[out] qclass  Pointer passed by reference to write class
463  *  \param[in]  str     String to convert
464  *  \return ARES_TRUE on success
465  */
466 CARES_EXTERN ares_bool_t ares_dns_class_fromstr(ares_dns_class_t *qclass,
467                                                 const char       *str);
468 
469 /*! Convert DNS record type as string to ares_dns_rec_type_t
470  *
471  *  \param[out] qtype   Pointer passed by reference to write record type
472  *  \param[in]  str     String to convert
473  *  \return ARES_TRUE on success
474  */
475 CARES_EXTERN ares_bool_t ares_dns_rec_type_fromstr(ares_dns_rec_type_t *qtype,
476                                                    const char          *str);
477 
478 
479 /*! Convert DNS response code as string to from ares_dns_rcode_t
480  *
481  *  \param[in] rcode  Response code to convert
482  *  \return ARES_TRUE on success
483  */
484 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_rcode_tostr(ares_dns_rcode_t rcode);
485 
486 /*! Convert any valid ip address (ipv4 or ipv6) into struct ares_addr and
487  *  return the starting pointer of the network byte order address and the
488  *  length of the address (4 or 16).
489  *
490  *  \param[in]     ipaddr  ASCII string form of the ip address
491  *  \param[in,out] addr    Must set "family" member to one of AF_UNSPEC,
492  *                         AF_INET, AF_INET6 on input.
493  *  \param[out]    out_len Length of binary form address
494  *  \return Pointer to start of binary address or NULL on error.
495  */
496 CARES_EXTERN const void *ares_dns_pton(const char       *ipaddr,
497                                        struct ares_addr *addr, size_t *out_len);
498 
499 /*! Convert an ip address into the PTR format for in-addr.arpa or in6.arpa
500  *
501  *  \param[in]  addr  properly filled address structure
502  *  \return  String representing PTR, use ares_free_string() to free
503  */
504 CARES_EXTERN char       *ares_dns_addr_to_ptr(const struct ares_addr *addr);
505 
506 
507 /*! The options/parameters extensions to some RRs can be somewhat opaque, this
508  *  is a helper to return the best match for a datatype for interpreting the
509  *  option record.
510  *
511  *  \param[in] key  Key associated with options/parameters
512  *  \param[in] opt  Option Key/Parameter
513  *  \return Datatype
514  */
515 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_opt_datatype_t
516   ares_dns_opt_get_datatype(ares_dns_rr_key_t key, unsigned short opt);
517 
518 /*! The options/parameters extensions to some RRs can be somewhat opaque, this
519  *  is a helper to return the name if the option is known.
520  *
521  *  \param[in] key  Key associated with options/parameters
522  *  \param[in] opt  Option Key/Parameter
523  *  \return name, or NULL if not known.
524  */
525 CARES_EXTERN const char *ares_dns_opt_get_name(ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
526                                                unsigned short    opt);
527 
528 
529 /*! Retrieve a list of Resource Record keys that can be set or retrieved for
530  *  the Resource record type.
531  *
532  *  \param[in]  type  Record Type
533  *  \param[out] cnt   Number of keys returned
534  *  \return array of keys associated with Resource Record
535  */
536 CARES_EXTERN const ares_dns_rr_key_t *
537   ares_dns_rr_get_keys(ares_dns_rec_type_t type, size_t *cnt);
538 
539 /*! Retrieve the datatype associated with a Resource Record key.
540  *
541  *  \param[in] key   Resource Record Key
542  *  \return datatype
543  */
544 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_datatype_t
545   ares_dns_rr_key_datatype(ares_dns_rr_key_t key);
546 
547 /*! Retrieve the DNS Resource Record type associated with a Resource Record key.
548  *
549  *  \param[in] key   Resource Record Key
550  *  \return DNS Resource Record Type
551  */
552 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_rec_type_t
553   ares_dns_rr_key_to_rec_type(ares_dns_rr_key_t key);
554 
555 /*! Opaque data type representing a DNS RR (Resource Record) */
556 struct ares_dns_rr;
557 
558 /*! Typedef for opaque data type representing a DNS RR (Resource Record) */
559 typedef struct ares_dns_rr ares_dns_rr_t;
560 
561 /*! Opaque data type representing a DNS Query Data QD Packet */
562 struct ares_dns_qd;
563 
564 /*! Typedef for opaque data type representing a DNS Query Data QD Packet */
565 typedef struct ares_dns_qd ares_dns_qd_t;
566 
567 /*! Opaque data type representing a DNS Packet */
568 struct ares_dns_record;
569 
570 /*! Typedef for opaque data type representing a DNS Packet */
571 typedef struct ares_dns_record ares_dns_record_t;
572 
573 
574 /*! Create a new DNS record object
575  *
576  *  \param[out] dnsrec  Pointer passed by reference for a newly allocated
577  *                      record object.  Must be ares_dns_record_destroy()'d by
578  *                      caller.
579  *  \param[in]  id      DNS Query ID.  If structuring a new query to be sent
580  *                      with ares_send(), this value should be zero.
581  *  \param[in]  flags   DNS Flags from \ares_dns_flags_t
582  *  \param[in]  opcode  DNS OpCode (typically ARES_OPCODE_QUERY)
583  *  \param[in]  rcode   DNS RCode
584  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
585  */
586 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_create(ares_dns_record_t **dnsrec,
587                                                   unsigned short      id,
588                                                   unsigned short      flags,
589                                                   ares_dns_opcode_t   opcode,
590                                                   ares_dns_rcode_t    rcode);
591 
592 /*! Destroy a DNS record object
593  *
594  *  \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
595  */
596 CARES_EXTERN void          ares_dns_record_destroy(ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
597 
598 /*! Get the DNS Query ID
599  *
600  *  \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
601  *  \return DNS query id
602  */
603 CARES_EXTERN unsigned short
604   ares_dns_record_get_id(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
605 
606 /*! Overwrite the DNS query id
607  *
608  * \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
609  * \param[in] id      DNS query id
610  * \return ARES_TRUE on success, ARES_FALSE on usage error
611  */
612 CARES_EXTERN ares_bool_t ares_dns_record_set_id(ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec,
613                                                 unsigned short     id);
614 
615 /*! Get the DNS Record Flags
616  *
617  *  \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
618  *  \return One or more \ares_dns_flags_t
619  */
620 CARES_EXTERN unsigned short
621   ares_dns_record_get_flags(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
622 
623 /*! Get the DNS Record OpCode
624  *
625  *  \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
626  *  \return opcode
627  */
628 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_opcode_t
629   ares_dns_record_get_opcode(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
630 
631 /*! Get the DNS Record RCode
632  *
633  *  \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
634  *  \return rcode
635  */
636 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_rcode_t
637   ares_dns_record_get_rcode(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
638 
639 /*! Add a query to the DNS Record.  Typically a record will have only 1
640  *  query. Most DNS servers will reject queries with more than 1 question.
641  *
642  * \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
643  * \param[in] name    Name/Hostname of request
644  * \param[in] qtype   Type of query
645  * \param[in] qclass  Class of query (typically ARES_CLASS_IN)
646  * \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
647  */
648 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_query_add(ares_dns_record_t  *dnsrec,
649                                                      const char         *name,
650                                                      ares_dns_rec_type_t qtype,
651                                                      ares_dns_class_t qclass);
652 
653 /*! Replace the question name with a new name.  This may be used when performing
654  *  a search with aliases.
655  *
656  *  Note that this will invalidate the name pointer returned from
657  *  ares_dns_record_query_get().
658  *
659  * \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
660  * \param[in] idx     Index of question (typically 0)
661  * \param[in] name    Name to use as replacement.
662  * \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
663  */
664 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_query_set_name(
665   ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec, size_t idx, const char *name);
666 
667 
668 /*! Replace the question type with a different type.  This may be used when
669  *  needing to query more than one address class (e.g. A and AAAA)
670  *
671  * \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
672  * \param[in] idx     Index of question (typically 0)
673  * \param[in] qtype   Record Type to use as replacement.
674  * \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
675  */
676 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_query_set_type(
677   ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec, size_t idx, ares_dns_rec_type_t qtype);
678 
679 /*! Get the count of queries in the DNS Record
680  *
681  * \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
682  * \return count of queries
683  */
684 CARES_EXTERN size_t ares_dns_record_query_cnt(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
685 
686 /*! Get the data about the query at the provided index.
687  *
688  * \param[in]  dnsrec  Initialized record object
689  * \param[in]  idx     Index of query
690  * \param[out] name    Optional.  Returns name, may pass NULL if not desired.
691  *                     This pointer will be invalided by any call to
692  *                     ares_dns_record_query_set_name().
693  * \param[out] qtype   Optional.  Returns record type, may pass NULL.
694  * \param[out] qclass  Optional.  Returns class, may pass NULL.
695  * \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
696  */
697 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_query_get(
698   const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec, size_t idx, const char **name,
699   ares_dns_rec_type_t *qtype, ares_dns_class_t *qclass);
700 
701 /*! Get the count of Resource Records in the provided section
702  *
703  * \param[in] dnsrec  Initialized record object
704  * \param[in] sect    Section.  ARES_SECTION_ANSWER is most used.
705  * \return count of resource records.
706  */
707 CARES_EXTERN size_t ares_dns_record_rr_cnt(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec,
708                                            ares_dns_section_t       sect);
709 
710 
711 /*! Add a Resource Record to the DNS Record.
712  *
713  *  \param[out] rr_out   Pointer to created resource record.  This pointer
714  *                       is owned by the DNS record itself, this is just made
715  *                       available to facilitate adding RR-specific fields.
716  *  \param[in]  dnsrec   Initialized record object
717  *  \param[in]  sect     Section to add resource record to
718  *  \param[in]  name     Resource Record name/hostname
719  *  \param[in]  type     Record Type
720  *  \param[in]  rclass   Class
721  *  \param[in]  ttl      TTL
722  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
723  */
724 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_rr_add(
725   ares_dns_rr_t **rr_out, ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec, ares_dns_section_t sect,
726   const char *name, ares_dns_rec_type_t type, ares_dns_class_t rclass,
727   unsigned int ttl);
728 
729 /*! Fetch a writable resource record based on the section and index.
730  *
731  *  \param[in]  dnsrec   Initialized record object
732  *  \param[in]  sect     Section for resource record
733  *  \param[in]  idx      Index of resource record in section
734  *  \return NULL on misuse, otherwise a writable pointer to the resource record
735  */
736 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_rr_t *ares_dns_record_rr_get(ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec,
737                                                    ares_dns_section_t sect,
738                                                    size_t             idx);
739 
740 /*! Fetch a non-writeable resource record based on the section and index.
741  *
742  *  \param[in]  dnsrec   Initialized record object
743  *  \param[in]  sect     Section for resource record
744  *  \param[in]  idx      Index of resource record in section
745  *  \return NULL on misuse, otherwise a const pointer to the resource record
746  */
747 CARES_EXTERN const ares_dns_rr_t *
748   ares_dns_record_rr_get_const(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec,
749                                ares_dns_section_t sect, size_t idx);
750 
751 
752 /*! Remove the resource record based on the section and index
753  *
754  *  \param[in]  dnsrec   Initialized record object
755  *  \param[in]  sect     Section for resource record
756  *  \param[in]  idx      Index of resource record in section
757  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success, otherwise an error code.
758  */
759 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_record_rr_del(ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec,
760                                                   ares_dns_section_t sect,
761                                                   size_t             idx);
762 
763 
764 /*! Retrieve the resource record Name/Hostname
765  *
766  *  \param[in] rr  Pointer to resource record
767  *  \return Name
768  */
769 CARES_EXTERN const char   *ares_dns_rr_get_name(const ares_dns_rr_t *rr);
770 
771 /*! Retrieve the resource record type
772  *
773  *  \param[in] rr  Pointer to resource record
774  *  \return type
775  */
776 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_rec_type_t ares_dns_rr_get_type(const ares_dns_rr_t *rr);
777 
778 /*! Retrieve the resource record class
779  *
780  *  \param[in] rr  Pointer to resource record
781  *  \return class
782  */
783 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_class_t    ares_dns_rr_get_class(const ares_dns_rr_t *rr);
784 
785 /*! Retrieve the resource record TTL
786  *
787  *  \param[in] rr  Pointer to resource record
788  *  \return TTL
789  */
790 CARES_EXTERN unsigned int        ares_dns_rr_get_ttl(const ares_dns_rr_t *rr);
791 
792 /*! Set ipv4 address data type for specified resource record and key.  Can
793  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_INADDR
794  *
795  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
796  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
797  *  \param[in] addr   Pointer to ipv4 address to use.
798  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
799  */
800 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t       ares_dns_rr_set_addr(ares_dns_rr_t        *dns_rr,
801                                                       ares_dns_rr_key_t     key,
802                                                       const struct in_addr *addr);
803 
804 /*! Set ipv6 address data type for specified resource record and key.  Can
805  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_INADDR6
806  *
807  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
808  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
809  *  \param[in] addr   Pointer to ipv6 address to use.
810  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
811  */
812 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t
813   ares_dns_rr_set_addr6(ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr, ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
814                         const struct ares_in6_addr *addr);
815 
816 /*! Set string data for specified resource record and key.  Can
817  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_STR or ARES_DATATYPE_NAME.
818  *
819  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
820  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
821  *  \param[in] val    Pointer to string to set.
822  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
823  */
824 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_set_str(ares_dns_rr_t    *dns_rr,
825                                                ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
826                                                const char       *val);
827 
828 /*! Set 8bit unsigned integer for specified resource record and key.  Can
829  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_U8
830  *
831  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
832  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
833  *  \param[in] val    8bit unsigned integer
834  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
835  */
836 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_set_u8(ares_dns_rr_t    *dns_rr,
837                                               ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
838                                               unsigned char     val);
839 
840 /*! Set 16bit unsigned integer for specified resource record and key.  Can
841  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_U16
842  *
843  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
844  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
845  *  \param[in] val    16bit unsigned integer
846  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
847  */
848 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_set_u16(ares_dns_rr_t    *dns_rr,
849                                                ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
850                                                unsigned short    val);
851 
852 /*! Set 32bit unsigned integer for specified resource record and key.  Can
853  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_U32
854  *
855  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
856  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
857  *  \param[in] val    32bit unsigned integer
858  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
859  */
860 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_set_u32(ares_dns_rr_t    *dns_rr,
861                                                ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
862                                                unsigned int      val);
863 
864 /*! Set binary (BIN or BINP) data for specified resource record and key.  Can
865  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_BIN or ARES_DATATYPE_BINP.
866  *
867  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
868  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
869  *  \param[in] val    Pointer to binary data.
870  *  \param[in] len    Length of binary data
871  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
872  */
873 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_set_bin(ares_dns_rr_t       *dns_rr,
874                                                ares_dns_rr_key_t    key,
875                                                const unsigned char *val,
876                                                size_t               len);
877 
878 /*! Add binary array value (ABINP) data for specified resource record and key.
879  *  Can only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_ABINP.  The value will
880  *  Be added as the last element in the array.
881  *
882  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
883  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
884  *  \param[in] val    Pointer to binary data.
885  *  \param[in] len    Length of binary data
886  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
887  */
888 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_add_abin(ares_dns_rr_t       *dns_rr,
889                                                 ares_dns_rr_key_t    key,
890                                                 const unsigned char *val,
891                                                 size_t               len);
892 
893 /*! Delete binary array value (ABINP) data for specified resource record and
894  *  key by specified index. Can only be used on keys with datatype
895  *  ARES_DATATYPE_ABINP.  The value at the index will be deleted.
896  *
897  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
898  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
899  *  \param[in] idx    Index to delete
900  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
901  */
902 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_del_abin(ares_dns_rr_t    *dns_rr,
903                                                 ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
904                                                 size_t            idx);
905 
906 /*! Set the option for the RR
907  *
908  *  \param[in]  dns_rr   Pointer to resource record
909  *  \param[in]  key      DNS Resource Record Key
910  *  \param[in]  opt      Option record key id.
911  *  \param[out] val      Optional. Value to associate with option.
912  *  \param[out] val_len  Length of value passed.
913  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
914  */
915 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_set_opt(ares_dns_rr_t       *dns_rr,
916                                                ares_dns_rr_key_t    key,
917                                                unsigned short       opt,
918                                                const unsigned char *val,
919                                                size_t               val_len);
920 
921 /*! Delete the option for the RR by id
922  *
923  *  \param[in] dns_rr   Pointer to resource record
924  *  \param[in] key      DNS Resource Record Key
925  *  \param[in] opt      Option record key id.
926  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS if removed, ARES_ENOTFOUND if not found
927  */
928 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_rr_del_opt_byid(ares_dns_rr_t    *dns_rr,
929                                                     ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
930                                                     unsigned short    opt);
931 
932 /*! Retrieve a pointer to the ipv4 address.  Can only be used on keys with
933  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_INADDR.
934  *
935  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
936  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
937  *  \return pointer to ipv4 address or NULL on error
938  */
939 CARES_EXTERN const struct in_addr *
940   ares_dns_rr_get_addr(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr, ares_dns_rr_key_t key);
941 
942 /*! Retrieve a pointer to the ipv6 address.  Can only be used on keys with
943  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_INADDR6.
944  *
945  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
946  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
947  *  \return pointer to ipv6 address or NULL on error
948  */
949 CARES_EXTERN const struct ares_in6_addr *
950   ares_dns_rr_get_addr6(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr, ares_dns_rr_key_t key);
951 
952 /*! Retrieve a pointer to the string.  Can only be used on keys with
953  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_STR and ARES_DATATYPE_NAME.
954  *
955  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
956  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
957  *  \return pointer string or NULL on error
958  */
959 CARES_EXTERN const char    *ares_dns_rr_get_str(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr,
960                                                 ares_dns_rr_key_t    key);
961 
962 /*! Retrieve an 8bit unsigned integer.  Can only be used on keys with
963  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_U8.
964  *
965  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
966  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
967  *  \return 8bit unsigned integer
968  */
969 CARES_EXTERN unsigned char  ares_dns_rr_get_u8(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr,
970                                                ares_dns_rr_key_t    key);
971 
972 /*! Retrieve an 16bit unsigned integer.  Can only be used on keys with
973  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_U16.
974  *
975  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
976  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
977  *  \return 16bit unsigned integer
978  */
979 CARES_EXTERN unsigned short ares_dns_rr_get_u16(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr,
980                                                 ares_dns_rr_key_t    key);
981 
982 /*! Retrieve an 32bit unsigned integer.  Can only be used on keys with
983  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_U32.
984  *
985  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
986  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
987  *  \return 32bit unsigned integer
988  */
989 CARES_EXTERN unsigned int   ares_dns_rr_get_u32(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr,
990                                                 ares_dns_rr_key_t    key);
991 
992 /*! Retrieve a pointer to the binary data.  Can only be used on keys with
993  *  datatype ARES_DATATYPE_BIN, ARES_DATATYPE_BINP, or ARES_DATATYPE_ABINP.
994  *  If BINP or ABINP, the data is guaranteed to have a NULL terminator which
995  *  is NOT included in the length.
996  *
997  *  \param[in]  dns_rr Pointer to resource record
998  *  \param[in]  key    DNS Resource Record Key
999  *  \param[out] len    Length of binary data returned
1000  *  \return pointer binary data or NULL on error
1001  */
1002 CARES_EXTERN const unsigned char *
1003   ares_dns_rr_get_bin(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr, ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
1004                       size_t *len);
1005 
1006 /*! Retrieve the count of the array of stored binary values. Can only be used on
1007  *  keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_ABINP.
1008  *
1009  *  \param[in]  dns_rr Pointer to resource record
1010  *  \param[in]  key    DNS Resource Record Key
1011  *  \return count of values
1012  */
1013 CARES_EXTERN size_t ares_dns_rr_get_abin_cnt(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr,
1014                                              ares_dns_rr_key_t    key);
1015 
1016 /*! Retrieve a pointer to the binary array data from the specified index.  Can
1017  *  only be used on keys with datatype ARES_DATATYPE_ABINP.  If ABINP, the data
1018  *  is guaranteed to have a NULL terminator which is NOT included in the length.
1019  *  If want all array membersconcatenated, may use ares_dns_rr_get_bin()
1020  *  instead.
1021  *
1022  *  \param[in]  dns_rr Pointer to resource record
1023  *  \param[in]  key    DNS Resource Record Key
1024  *  \param[in]  idx    Index of value to retrieve
1025  *  \param[out] len    Length of binary data returned
1026  *  \return pointer binary data or NULL on error
1027  */
1028 CARES_EXTERN const unsigned char *
1029   ares_dns_rr_get_abin(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr, ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
1030                        size_t idx, size_t *len);
1031 
1032 
1033 /*! Retrieve the number of options stored for the RR.
1034  *
1035  *  \param[in] dns_rr Pointer to resource record
1036  *  \param[in] key    DNS Resource Record Key
1037  *  \return count, or 0 if none.
1038  */
1039 CARES_EXTERN size_t ares_dns_rr_get_opt_cnt(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr,
1040                                             ares_dns_rr_key_t    key);
1041 
1042 /*! Retrieve the option for the RR by index.
1043  *
1044  *  \param[in]  dns_rr  Pointer to resource record
1045  *  \param[in]  key     DNS Resource Record Key
1046  *  \param[in]  idx     Index of option record
1047  *  \param[out] val     Optional. Pointer passed by reference to hold value.
1048  *                      Options may not have values.  Value if returned is
1049  *                      guaranteed to be NULL terminated, however in most
1050  *                      cases it is not printable.
1051  *  \param[out] val_len Optional. Pointer passed by reference to hold value
1052  *                      length.
1053  *  \return option key/id on success, 65535 on misuse.
1054  */
1055 CARES_EXTERN unsigned short
1056   ares_dns_rr_get_opt(const ares_dns_rr_t *dns_rr, ares_dns_rr_key_t key,
1057                       size_t idx, const unsigned char **val, size_t *val_len);
1058 
1059 /*! Retrieve the option for the RR by the option key/id.
1060  *
1061  *  \param[in]  dns_rr  Pointer to resource record
1062  *  \param[in]  key     DNS Resource Record Key
1063  *  \param[in]  opt     Option record key id (this is not the index).
1064  *  \param[out] val     Optional. Pointer passed by reference to hold value.
1065  *                      Options may not have values. Value if returned is
1066  *                      guaranteed to be NULL terminated, however in most cases
1067  *                      it is not printable.
1068  *  \param[out] val_len Optional. Pointer passed by reference to hold value
1069  *                      length.
1070  *  \return ARES_TRUE on success, ARES_FALSE on misuse.
1071  */
1072 CARES_EXTERN ares_bool_t   ares_dns_rr_get_opt_byid(const ares_dns_rr_t  *dns_rr,
1073                                                     ares_dns_rr_key_t     key,
1074                                                     unsigned short        opt,
1075                                                     const unsigned char **val,
1076                                                     size_t *val_len);
1077 
1078 /*! Parse a complete DNS message.
1079  *
1080  *  \param[in]  buf      pointer to bytes to be parsed
1081  *  \param[in]  buf_len  Length of buf provided
1082  *  \param[in]  flags    Flags dictating how the message should be parsed.
1083  *  \param[out] dnsrec   Pointer passed by reference for a new DNS record object
1084  *                       that must be ares_dns_record_destroy()'d by caller.
1085  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
1086  */
1087 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_parse(const unsigned char *buf,
1088                                           size_t buf_len, unsigned int flags,
1089                                           ares_dns_record_t **dnsrec);
1090 
1091 /*! Write a complete DNS message
1092  *
1093  *  \param[in]  dnsrec   Pointer to initialized and filled DNS record object.
1094  *  \param[out] buf      Pointer passed by reference to be filled in with with
1095  *                       DNS message.  Must be ares_free()'d by caller.
1096  *  \param[out] buf_len  Length of returned buffer containing DNS message.
1097  *  \return ARES_SUCCESS on success
1098  */
1099 CARES_EXTERN ares_status_t ares_dns_write(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec,
1100                                           unsigned char **buf, size_t *buf_len);
1101 
1102 
1103 /*! Duplicate a complete DNS message.  This does not copy internal members
1104  *  (such as the ttl decrement capability).
1105  *
1106  *  \param[in] dnsrec Pointer to initialized and filled DNS record object.
1107  *  \return duplicated DNS record object, or NULL on out of memory.
1108  */
1109 CARES_EXTERN ares_dns_record_t *
1110   ares_dns_record_duplicate(const ares_dns_record_t *dnsrec);
1111 
1112 /*! @} */
1113 
1114 #ifdef __cplusplus
1115 }
1116 #endif
1117 
1118 #endif /* __ARES_DNS_RECORD_H */
1119