ext4dist - Summarize ext4 operation latency. Uses Linux eBPF/bcc. ext4dist [-h] [-T] [-m] [-p PID] [interval] [count] This tool summarizes time (latency) spent in common ext4 file operations: reads, writes, opens, and syncs, and presents it as a power-of-2 histogram. It uses an in-kernel eBPF map to store the histogram for efficiency. Since this works by tracing the ext4_file_operations interface functions, it will need updating to match any changes to these functions. Since this uses BPF, only the root user can use this tool. CONFIG_BPF and bcc.

-h Print usage message.

-T Don't include timestamps on interval output.

-m Output in milliseconds.

-p PID Trace this PID only.

Trace ext4 operation time, and print a summary on Ctrl-C: # ext4dist

Trace PID 181 only: # ext4dist -p 181

Print 1 second summaries, 10 times: # ext4dist 1 10

1 second summaries, printed in milliseconds # ext4dist -m 1

msecs Range of milliseconds for this bucket.

usecs Range of microseconds for this bucket.

count Number of operations in this time range.

distribution ASCII representation of the distribution (the count column).

This adds low-overhead instrumentation to these ext4 operations, including reads and writes from the file system cache. Such reads and writes can be very frequent (depending on the workload; eg, 1M/sec), at which point the overhead of this tool may become noticeable. Measure and quantify before use. This is from bcc. https://github.com/iovisor/bcc

Also look in the bcc distribution for a companion _examples.txt file containing example usage, output, and commentary for this tool.

Linux Unstable - in development. Brendan Gregg ext4snoop(8)