1A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE 2========================== 3 4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting 5Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands 6as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's 7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others. 8 9In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for 10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us) 11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the 12software. 13 14In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to 15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same 16year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations, which became 17Zope Corporation. In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see 18https://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization 19created specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property. 20Zope Corporation was a sponsoring member of the PSF. 21 22All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for 23the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python 24releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes 25the various releases. 26 27 Release Derived Year Owner GPL- 28 from compatible? (1) 29 30 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes 31 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes 32 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no 33 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no 34 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2) 35 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no 36 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes 37 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes 38 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes 39 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes 40 2.2 and above 2.1.1 2001-now PSF yes 41 42Footnotes: 43 44(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under 45 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute 46 a modified version without making your changes open source. The 47 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with 48 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't. 49 50(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible, 51 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to 52 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1 53 is "not incompatible" with the GPL. 54 55Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's 56direction to make these releases possible. 57 58 59B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 60=============================================================== 61 62PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2 63-------------------------------------------- 64 651. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation 66("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and 67otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and 68its associated documentation. 69 702. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby 71grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, 72analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, 73distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version, 74provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, 75i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 762011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Python Software Foundation; 77All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version 78prepared by Licensee. 79 803. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 81or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make 82the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 83Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 84the changes made to Python. 85 864. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 87basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 88IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND 89DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 90FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT 91INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 92 935. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 94FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 95A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON, 96OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 97 986. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 99breach of its terms and conditions. 100 1017. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any 102relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and 103Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF 104trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote 105products or services of Licensee, or any third party. 106 1078. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee 108agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 109Agreement. 110 111 112BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0 113------------------------------------------- 114 115BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1 116 1171. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an 118office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the 119Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using 120this software in source or binary form and its associated 121documentation ("the Software"). 122 1232. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License 124Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, 125royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform 126and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and 127otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, 128provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the 129Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. 130 1313. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 132basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 133IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND 134DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 135FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT 136INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 137 1384. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE 139SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS 140AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY 141DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 142 1435. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 144breach of its terms and conditions. 145 1466. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all 147respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of 148law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to 149create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture 150between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant 151permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark 152sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any 153third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at 154http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the 155permissions granted on that web page. 156 1577. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee 158agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 159Agreement. 160 161 162CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1 163--------------------------------------- 164 1651. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National 166Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, 167Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization 168("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in 169source or binary form and its associated documentation. 170 1712. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI 172hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide 173license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, 174prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 175alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's 176License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) 1771995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights 178Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative 179version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License 180Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the 181quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and 182conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with 183Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following 184unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This 185Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet 186using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013". 187 1883. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 189or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make 190the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 191Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 192the changes made to Python 1.6.1. 193 1944. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 195basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 196IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND 197DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 198FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT 199INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 200 2015. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 2021.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 203A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, 204OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 205 2066. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 207breach of its terms and conditions. 208 2097. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal 210intellectual property law of the United States, including without 211limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such 212U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of 213Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. 214Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based 215on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was 216previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the 217law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License 218Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to 219Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this 220License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of 221agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This 222License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or 223trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or 224services of Licensee, or any third party. 225 2268. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, 227installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be 228bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. 229 230 ACCEPT 231 232 233CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2 234-------------------------------------------------- 235 236Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, 237The Netherlands. All rights reserved. 238 239Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its 240documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, 241provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that 242both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in 243supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch 244Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to 245distribution of the software without specific, written prior 246permission. 247 248STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO 249THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND 250FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE 251FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 252WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 253ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT 254OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 255