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1""" help.py: Implement the Idle help menu.
2Contents are subject to revision at any time, without notice.
3
4
5Help => About IDLE: display About Idle dialog
6
7<to be moved here from help_about.py>
8
9
10Help => IDLE Help: Display help.html with proper formatting.
11Doc/library/idle.rst (Sphinx)=> Doc/build/html/library/idle.html
12(help.copy_strip)=> Lib/idlelib/help.html
13
14HelpParser - Parse help.html and render to tk Text.
15
16HelpText - Display formatted help.html.
17
18HelpFrame - Contain text, scrollbar, and table-of-contents.
19(This will be needed for display in a future tabbed window.)
20
21HelpWindow - Display HelpFrame in a standalone window.
22
23copy_strip - Copy idle.html to help.html, rstripping each line.
24
25show_idlehelp - Create HelpWindow.  Called in EditorWindow.help_dialog.
26"""
27from html.parser import HTMLParser
28from os.path import abspath, dirname, isfile, join
29from platform import python_version
30
31from tkinter import Toplevel, Frame, Text, Menu
32from tkinter.ttk import Menubutton, Scrollbar
33from tkinter import font as tkfont
34
35from idlelib.config import idleConf
36
37## About IDLE ##
38
39
40## IDLE Help ##
41
42class HelpParser(HTMLParser):
43    """Render help.html into a text widget.
44
45    The overridden handle_xyz methods handle a subset of html tags.
46    The supplied text should have the needed tag configurations.
47    The behavior for unsupported tags, such as table, is undefined.
48    If the tags generated by Sphinx change, this class, especially
49    the handle_starttag and handle_endtags methods, might have to also.
50    """
51    def __init__(self, text):
52        HTMLParser.__init__(self, convert_charrefs=True)
53        self.text = text         # Text widget we're rendering into.
54        self.tags = ''           # Current block level text tags to apply.
55        self.chartags = ''       # Current character level text tags.
56        self.show = False        # Exclude html page navigation.
57        self.hdrlink = False     # Exclude html header links.
58        self.level = 0           # Track indentation level.
59        self.pre = False         # Displaying preformatted text?
60        self.hprefix = ''        # Heading prefix (like '25.5'?) to remove.
61        self.nested_dl = False   # In a nested <dl>?
62        self.simplelist = False  # In a simple list (no double spacing)?
63        self.toc = []            # Pair headers with text indexes for toc.
64        self.header = ''         # Text within header tags for toc.
65        self.prevtag = None      # Previous tag info (opener?, tag).
66
67    def indent(self, amt=1):
68        "Change indent (+1, 0, -1) and tags."
69        self.level += amt
70        self.tags = '' if self.level == 0 else 'l'+str(self.level)
71
72    def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
73        "Handle starttags in help.html."
74        class_ = ''
75        for a, v in attrs:
76            if a == 'class':
77                class_ = v
78        s = ''
79        if tag == 'div' and class_ == 'section':
80            self.show = True    # Start main content.
81        elif tag == 'div' and class_ == 'sphinxsidebar':
82            self.show = False   # End main content.
83        elif tag == 'p' and self.prevtag and not self.prevtag[0]:
84            # Begin a new block for <p> tags after a closed tag.
85            # Avoid extra lines, e.g. after <pre> tags.
86            lastline = self.text.get('end-1c linestart', 'end-1c')
87            s = '\n\n' if lastline and not lastline.isspace() else '\n'
88        elif tag == 'span' and class_ == 'pre':
89            self.chartags = 'pre'
90        elif tag == 'span' and class_ == 'versionmodified':
91            self.chartags = 'em'
92        elif tag == 'em':
93            self.chartags = 'em'
94        elif tag in ['ul', 'ol']:
95            if class_.find('simple') != -1:
96                s = '\n'
97                self.simplelist = True
98            else:
99                self.simplelist = False
100            self.indent()
101        elif tag == 'dl':
102            if self.level > 0:
103                self.nested_dl = True
104        elif tag == 'li':
105            s = '\n* ' if self.simplelist else '\n\n* '
106        elif tag == 'dt':
107            s = '\n\n' if not self.nested_dl else '\n'  # Avoid extra line.
108            self.nested_dl = False
109        elif tag == 'dd':
110            self.indent()
111            s = '\n'
112        elif tag == 'pre':
113            self.pre = True
114            if self.show:
115                self.text.insert('end', '\n\n')
116            self.tags = 'preblock'
117        elif tag == 'a' and class_ == 'headerlink':
118            self.hdrlink = True
119        elif tag == 'h1':
120            self.tags = tag
121        elif tag in ['h2', 'h3']:
122            if self.show:
123                self.header = ''
124                self.text.insert('end', '\n\n')
125            self.tags = tag
126        if self.show:
127            self.text.insert('end', s, (self.tags, self.chartags))
128        self.prevtag = (True, tag)
129
130    def handle_endtag(self, tag):
131        "Handle endtags in help.html."
132        if tag in ['h1', 'h2', 'h3']:
133            assert self.level == 0
134            if self.show:
135                indent = ('        ' if tag == 'h3' else
136                          '    ' if tag == 'h2' else
137                          '')
138                self.toc.append((indent+self.header, self.text.index('insert')))
139            self.tags = ''
140        elif tag in ['span', 'em']:
141            self.chartags = ''
142        elif tag == 'a':
143            self.hdrlink = False
144        elif tag == 'pre':
145            self.pre = False
146            self.tags = ''
147        elif tag in ['ul', 'dd', 'ol']:
148            self.indent(-1)
149        self.prevtag = (False, tag)
150
151    def handle_data(self, data):
152        "Handle date segments in help.html."
153        if self.show and not self.hdrlink:
154            d = data if self.pre else data.replace('\n', ' ')
155            if self.tags == 'h1':
156                try:
157                    self.hprefix = d[0:d.index(' ')]
158                except ValueError:
159                    self.hprefix = ''
160            if self.tags in ['h1', 'h2', 'h3']:
161                if (self.hprefix != '' and
162                    d[0:len(self.hprefix)] == self.hprefix):
163                    d = d[len(self.hprefix):]
164                self.header += d.strip()
165            self.text.insert('end', d, (self.tags, self.chartags))
166
167
168class HelpText(Text):
169    "Display help.html."
170    def __init__(self, parent, filename):
171        "Configure tags and feed file to parser."
172        uwide = idleConf.GetOption('main', 'EditorWindow', 'width', type='int')
173        uhigh = idleConf.GetOption('main', 'EditorWindow', 'height', type='int')
174        uhigh = 3 * uhigh // 4  # Lines average 4/3 of editor line height.
175        Text.__init__(self, parent, wrap='word', highlightthickness=0,
176                      padx=5, borderwidth=0, width=uwide, height=uhigh)
177
178        normalfont = self.findfont(['TkDefaultFont', 'arial', 'helvetica'])
179        fixedfont = self.findfont(['TkFixedFont', 'monaco', 'courier'])
180        self['font'] = (normalfont, 12)
181        self.tag_configure('em', font=(normalfont, 12, 'italic'))
182        self.tag_configure('h1', font=(normalfont, 20, 'bold'))
183        self.tag_configure('h2', font=(normalfont, 18, 'bold'))
184        self.tag_configure('h3', font=(normalfont, 15, 'bold'))
185        self.tag_configure('pre', font=(fixedfont, 12), background='#f6f6ff')
186        self.tag_configure('preblock', font=(fixedfont, 10), lmargin1=25,
187                borderwidth=1, relief='solid', background='#eeffcc')
188        self.tag_configure('l1', lmargin1=25, lmargin2=25)
189        self.tag_configure('l2', lmargin1=50, lmargin2=50)
190        self.tag_configure('l3', lmargin1=75, lmargin2=75)
191        self.tag_configure('l4', lmargin1=100, lmargin2=100)
192
193        self.parser = HelpParser(self)
194        with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as f:
195            contents = f.read()
196        self.parser.feed(contents)
197        self['state'] = 'disabled'
198
199    def findfont(self, names):
200        "Return name of first font family derived from names."
201        for name in names:
202            if name.lower() in (x.lower() for x in tkfont.names(root=self)):
203                font = tkfont.Font(name=name, exists=True, root=self)
204                return font.actual()['family']
205            elif name.lower() in (x.lower()
206                                  for x in tkfont.families(root=self)):
207                return name
208
209
210class HelpFrame(Frame):
211    "Display html text, scrollbar, and toc."
212    def __init__(self, parent, filename):
213        Frame.__init__(self, parent)
214        self.text = text = HelpText(self, filename)
215        self['background'] = text['background']
216        self.toc = toc = self.toc_menu(text)
217        self.scroll = scroll = Scrollbar(self, command=text.yview)
218        text['yscrollcommand'] = scroll.set
219
220        self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
221        self.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)  # Only expand the text widget.
222        toc.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nw')
223        text.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='nsew')
224        scroll.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky='ns')
225
226    def toc_menu(self, text):
227        "Create table of contents as drop-down menu."
228        toc = Menubutton(self, text='TOC')
229        drop = Menu(toc, tearoff=False)
230        for lbl, dex in text.parser.toc:
231            drop.add_command(label=lbl, command=lambda dex=dex:text.yview(dex))
232        toc['menu'] = drop
233        return toc
234
235
236class HelpWindow(Toplevel):
237    "Display frame with rendered html."
238    def __init__(self, parent, filename, title):
239        Toplevel.__init__(self, parent)
240        self.wm_title(title)
241        self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.destroy)
242        HelpFrame(self, filename).grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='nsew')
243        self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
244        self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
245
246
247def copy_strip():
248    """Copy idle.html to idlelib/help.html, stripping trailing whitespace.
249
250    Files with trailing whitespace cannot be pushed to the git cpython
251    repository.  For 3.x (on Windows), help.html is generated, after
252    editing idle.rst on the master branch, with
253      sphinx-build -bhtml . build/html
254      python_d.exe -c "from idlelib.help import copy_strip; copy_strip()"
255    Check build/html/library/idle.html, the help.html diff, and the text
256    displayed by Help => IDLE Help.  Add a blurb and create a PR.
257
258    It can be worthwhile to occasionally generate help.html without
259    touching idle.rst.  Changes to the master version and to the doc
260    build system may result in changes that should not changed
261    the displayed text, but might break HelpParser.
262
263    As long as master and maintenance versions of idle.rst remain the
264    same, help.html can be backported.  The internal Python version
265    number is not displayed.  If maintenance idle.rst diverges from
266    the master version, then instead of backporting help.html from
267    master, repeat the procedure above to generate a maintenance
268    version.
269    """
270    src = join(abspath(dirname(dirname(dirname(__file__)))),
271            'Doc', 'build', 'html', 'library', 'idle.html')
272    dst = join(abspath(dirname(__file__)), 'help.html')
273    with open(src, 'rb') as inn,\
274         open(dst, 'wb') as out:
275        for line in inn:
276            out.write(line.rstrip() + b'\n')
277    print(f'{src} copied to {dst}')
278
279def show_idlehelp(parent):
280    "Create HelpWindow; called from Idle Help event handler."
281    filename = join(abspath(dirname(__file__)), 'help.html')
282    if not isfile(filename):
283        # Try copy_strip, present message.
284        return
285    HelpWindow(parent, filename, 'IDLE Help (%s)' % python_version())
286
287if __name__ == '__main__':
288    from unittest import main
289    main('idlelib.idle_test.test_help', verbosity=2, exit=False)
290
291    from idlelib.idle_test.htest import run
292    run(show_idlehelp)
293