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1 // © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
2 // License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
3 /*
4 **********************************************************************
5 *   Copyright (C) 2001-2011,2014 IBM and others. All rights reserved.
6 **********************************************************************
7 *   Date        Name        Description
8 *  06/28/2001   synwee      Creation.
9 **********************************************************************
10 */
11 #ifndef USEARCH_H
12 #define USEARCH_H
13 
14 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
15 
16 #if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION && !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
17 
18 #include "unicode/ucol.h"
19 #include "unicode/ucoleitr.h"
20 #include "unicode/ubrk.h"
21 
22 #if U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API
23 #include "unicode/localpointer.h"
24 #endif   // U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API
25 
26 /**
27  * \file
28  * \brief C API: StringSearch
29  *
30  * C APIs for an engine that provides language-sensitive text searching based
31  * on the comparison rules defined in a <code>UCollator</code> data struct,
32  * see <code>ucol.h</code>. This ensures that language eccentricity can be
33  * handled, e.g. for the German collator, characters &szlig; and SS will be matched
34  * if case is chosen to be ignored.
35  * See the <a href="http://source.icu-project.org/repos/icu/icuhtml/trunk/design/collation/ICU_collation_design.htm">
36  * "ICU Collation Design Document"</a> for more information.
37  * <p>
38  * The implementation may use a linear search or a modified form of the Boyer-Moore
39  * search; for more information on the latter see
40  * <a href="http://icu-project.org/docs/papers/efficient_text_searching_in_java.html">
41  * "Efficient Text Searching in Java"</a>, published in <i>Java Report</i>
42  * in February, 1999.
43  * <p>
44  * There are 2 match options for selection:<br>
45  * Let S' be the sub-string of a text string S between the offsets start and
46  * end <start, end>.
47  * <br>
48  * A pattern string P matches a text string S at the offsets <start, end>
49  * if
50  * <pre>
51  * option 1. Some canonical equivalent of P matches some canonical equivalent
52  *           of S'
53  * option 2. P matches S' and if P starts or ends with a combining mark,
54  *           there exists no non-ignorable combining mark before or after S'
55  *           in S respectively.
56  * </pre>
57  * Option 2. will be the default.
58  * <p>
59  * This search has APIs similar to that of other text iteration mechanisms
60  * such as the break iterators in <code>ubrk.h</code>. Using these
61  * APIs, it is easy to scan through text looking for all occurrences of
62  * a given pattern. This search iterator allows changing of direction by
63  * calling a <code>reset</code> followed by a <code>next</code> or <code>previous</code>.
64  * Though a direction change can occur without calling <code>reset</code> first,
65  * this operation comes with some speed penalty.
66  * Generally, match results in the forward direction will match the result
67  * matches in the backwards direction in the reverse order
68  * <p>
69  * <code>usearch.h</code> provides APIs to specify the starting position
70  * within the text string to be searched, e.g. <code>usearch_setOffset</code>,
71  * <code>usearch_preceding</code> and <code>usearch_following</code>. Since the
72  * starting position will be set as it is specified, please take note that
73  * there are some dangerous positions which the search may render incorrect
74  * results:
75  * <ul>
76  * <li> The midst of a substring that requires normalization.
77  * <li> If the following match is to be found, the position should not be the
78  *      second character which requires to be swapped with the preceding
79  *      character. Vice versa, if the preceding match is to be found,
80  *      position to search from should not be the first character which
81  *      requires to be swapped with the next character. E.g certain Thai and
82  *      Lao characters require swapping.
83  * <li> If a following pattern match is to be found, any position within a
84  *      contracting sequence except the first will fail. Vice versa if a
85  *      preceding pattern match is to be found, a invalid starting point
86  *      would be any character within a contracting sequence except the last.
87  * </ul>
88  * <p>
89  * A breakiterator can be used if only matches at logical breaks are desired.
90  * Using a breakiterator will only give you results that exactly matches the
91  * boundaries given by the breakiterator. For instance the pattern "e" will
92  * not be found in the string "\u00e9" if a character break iterator is used.
93  * <p>
94  * Options are provided to handle overlapping matches.
95  * E.g. In English, overlapping matches produces the result 0 and 2
96  * for the pattern "abab" in the text "ababab", where else mutually
97  * exclusive matches only produce the result of 0.
98  * <p>
99  * Options are also provided to implement "asymmetric search" as described in
100  * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/#Asymmetric_Search">
101  * UTS #10 Unicode Collation Algorithm</a>, specifically the USearchAttribute
102  * USEARCH_ELEMENT_COMPARISON and its values.
103  * <p>
104  * Though collator attributes will be taken into consideration while
105  * performing matches, there are no APIs here for setting and getting the
106  * attributes. These attributes can be set by getting the collator
107  * from <code>usearch_getCollator</code> and using the APIs in <code>ucol.h</code>.
108  * Lastly to update String Search to the new collator attributes,
109  * usearch_reset() has to be called.
110  * <p>
111  * Restriction: <br>
112  * Currently there are no composite characters that consists of a
113  * character with combining class > 0 before a character with combining
114  * class == 0. However, if such a character exists in the future, the
115  * search mechanism does not guarantee the results for option 1.
116  *
117  * <p>
118  * Example of use:<br>
119  * <pre><code>
120  * char *tgtstr = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy fox";
121  * char *patstr = "fox";
122  * UChar target[64];
123  * UChar pattern[16];
124  * UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
125  * u_uastrcpy(target, tgtstr);
126  * u_uastrcpy(pattern, patstr);
127  *
128  * UStringSearch *search = usearch_open(pattern, -1, target, -1, "en_US",
129  *                                  NULL, &status);
130  * if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
131  *     for (int pos = usearch_first(search, &status);
132  *          pos != USEARCH_DONE;
133  *          pos = usearch_next(search, &status))
134  *     {
135  *         printf("Found match at %d pos, length is %d\n", pos,
136  *                                        usearch_getMatchedLength(search));
137  *     }
138  * }
139  *
140  * usearch_close(search);
141  * </code></pre>
142  * @stable ICU 2.4
143  */
144 
145 /**
146 * DONE is returned by previous() and next() after all valid matches have
147 * been returned, and by first() and last() if there are no matches at all.
148 * @stable ICU 2.4
149 */
150 #define USEARCH_DONE -1
151 
152 /**
153 * Data structure for searching
154 * @stable ICU 2.4
155 */
156 struct UStringSearch;
157 /**
158 * Data structure for searching
159 * @stable ICU 2.4
160 */
161 typedef struct UStringSearch UStringSearch;
162 
163 /**
164 * @stable ICU 2.4
165 */
166 typedef enum {
167     /**
168      * Option for overlapping matches
169      * @stable ICU 2.4
170      */
171     USEARCH_OVERLAP = 0,
172 #ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
173     /**
174      * Option for canonical matches; option 1 in header documentation.
175      * The default value will be USEARCH_OFF.
176      * Note: Setting this option to USEARCH_ON currently has no effect on
177      * search behavior, and this option is deprecated. Instead, to control
178      * canonical match behavior, you must set UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE
179      * appropriately (to UCOL_OFF or UCOL_ON) in the UCollator used by
180      * the UStringSearch object.
181      * @see usearch_openFromCollator
182      * @see usearch_getCollator
183      * @see usearch_setCollator
184      * @see ucol_getAttribute
185      * @deprecated ICU 53
186      */
187     USEARCH_CANONICAL_MATCH = 1,
188 #endif  /* U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API */
189     /**
190      * Option to control how collation elements are compared.
191      * The default value will be USEARCH_STANDARD_ELEMENT_COMPARISON.
192      * @stable ICU 4.4
193      */
194     USEARCH_ELEMENT_COMPARISON = 2,
195 
196 #ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
197     /**
198      * One more than the highest normal USearchAttribute value.
199      * @deprecated ICU 58 The numeric value may change over time, see ICU ticket #12420.
200      */
201     USEARCH_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT = 3
202 #endif  /* U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API */
203 } USearchAttribute;
204 
205 /**
206 * @stable ICU 2.4
207 */
208 typedef enum {
209     /**
210      * Default value for any USearchAttribute
211      * @stable ICU 2.4
212      */
213     USEARCH_DEFAULT = -1,
214     /**
215      * Value for USEARCH_OVERLAP and USEARCH_CANONICAL_MATCH
216      * @stable ICU 2.4
217      */
218     USEARCH_OFF,
219     /**
220      * Value for USEARCH_OVERLAP and USEARCH_CANONICAL_MATCH
221      * @stable ICU 2.4
222      */
223     USEARCH_ON,
224     /**
225      * Value (default) for USEARCH_ELEMENT_COMPARISON;
226      * standard collation element comparison at the specified collator
227      * strength.
228      * @stable ICU 4.4
229      */
230     USEARCH_STANDARD_ELEMENT_COMPARISON,
231     /**
232      * Value for USEARCH_ELEMENT_COMPARISON;
233      * collation element comparison is modified to effectively provide
234      * behavior between the specified strength and strength - 1. Collation
235      * elements in the pattern that have the base weight for the specified
236      * strength are treated as "wildcards" that match an element with any
237      * other weight at that collation level in the searched text. For
238      * example, with a secondary-strength English collator, a plain 'e' in
239      * the pattern will match a plain e or an e with any diacritic in the
240      * searched text, but an e with diacritic in the pattern will only
241      * match an e with the same diacritic in the searched text.
242      *
243      * This supports "asymmetric search" as described in
244      * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/#Asymmetric_Search">
245      * UTS #10 Unicode Collation Algorithm</a>.
246      *
247      * @stable ICU 4.4
248      */
249     USEARCH_PATTERN_BASE_WEIGHT_IS_WILDCARD,
250     /**
251      * Value for USEARCH_ELEMENT_COMPARISON.
252      * collation element comparison is modified to effectively provide
253      * behavior between the specified strength and strength - 1. Collation
254      * elements in either the pattern or the searched text that have the
255      * base weight for the specified strength are treated as "wildcards"
256      * that match an element with any other weight at that collation level.
257      * For example, with a secondary-strength English collator, a plain 'e'
258      * in the pattern will match a plain e or an e with any diacritic in the
259      * searched text, but an e with diacritic in the pattern will only
260      * match an e with the same diacritic or a plain e in the searched text.
261      *
262      * This option is similar to "asymmetric search" as described in
263      * [UTS #10 Unicode Collation Algorithm](http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/#Asymmetric_Search),
264      * but also allows unmarked characters in the searched text to match
265      * marked or unmarked versions of that character in the pattern.
266      *
267      * @stable ICU 4.4
268      */
269     USEARCH_ANY_BASE_WEIGHT_IS_WILDCARD,
270 
271 #ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
272     /**
273      * One more than the highest normal USearchAttributeValue value.
274      * @deprecated ICU 58 The numeric value may change over time, see ICU ticket #12420.
275      */
276     USEARCH_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_COUNT
277 #endif  /* U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API */
278 } USearchAttributeValue;
279 
280 /* open and close ------------------------------------------------------ */
281 
282 /**
283 * Creates a String Search iterator data struct using the argument locale language
284 * rule set. A collator will be created in the process, which will be owned by
285 * this String Search and will be deleted in <code>usearch_close</code>.
286 *
287 * The UStringSearch retains a pointer to both the pattern and text strings.
288 * The caller must not modify or delete them while using the UStringSearch.
289 *
290 * @param pattern for matching
291 * @param patternlength length of the pattern, -1 for null-termination
292 * @param text text string
293 * @param textlength length of the text string, -1 for null-termination
294 * @param locale name of locale for the rules to be used
295 * @param breakiter A BreakIterator that will be used to restrict the points
296 *                  at which matches are detected. If a match is found, but
297 *                  the match's start or end index is not a boundary as
298 *                  determined by the <code>BreakIterator</code>, the match will
299 *                  be rejected and another will be searched for.
300 *                  If this parameter is <code>NULL</code>, no break detection is
301 *                  attempted.
302 * @param status for errors if it occurs. If pattern or text is NULL, or if
303 *               patternlength or textlength is 0 then an
304 *               U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR is returned.
305 * @return search iterator data structure, or NULL if there is an error.
306 * @stable ICU 2.4
307 */
308 U_CAPI UStringSearch * U_EXPORT2 usearch_open(const UChar    *pattern,
309                                               int32_t         patternlength,
310                                         const UChar          *text,
311                                               int32_t         textlength,
312                                         const char           *locale,
313                                               UBreakIterator *breakiter,
314                                               UErrorCode     *status);
315 
316 /**
317 * Creates a String Search iterator data struct using the argument collator language
318 * rule set. Note, user retains the ownership of this collator, thus the
319 * responsibility of deletion lies with the user.
320 
321 * NOTE: String Search cannot be instantiated from a collator that has
322 * collate digits as numbers (CODAN) turned on (UCOL_NUMERIC_COLLATION).
323 *
324 * The UStringSearch retains a pointer to both the pattern and text strings.
325 * The caller must not modify or delete them while using the UStringSearch.
326 *
327 * @param pattern for matching
328 * @param patternlength length of the pattern, -1 for null-termination
329 * @param text text string
330 * @param textlength length of the text string, -1 for null-termination
331 * @param collator used for the language rules
332 * @param breakiter A BreakIterator that will be used to restrict the points
333 *                  at which matches are detected. If a match is found, but
334 *                  the match's start or end index is not a boundary as
335 *                  determined by the <code>BreakIterator</code>, the match will
336 *                  be rejected and another will be searched for.
337 *                  If this parameter is <code>NULL</code>, no break detection is
338 *                  attempted.
339 * @param status for errors if it occurs. If collator, pattern or text is NULL,
340 *               or if patternlength or textlength is 0 then an
341 *               U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR is returned.
342 * @return search iterator data structure, or NULL if there is an error.
343 * @stable ICU 2.4
344 */
345 U_CAPI UStringSearch * U_EXPORT2 usearch_openFromCollator(
346                                          const UChar          *pattern,
347                                                int32_t         patternlength,
348                                          const UChar          *text,
349                                                int32_t         textlength,
350                                          const UCollator      *collator,
351                                                UBreakIterator *breakiter,
352                                                UErrorCode     *status);
353 
354 /**
355  * Destroys and cleans up the String Search iterator data struct.
356  * If a collator was created in <code>usearch_open</code>, then it will be destroyed here.
357  * @param searchiter The UStringSearch to clean up
358  * @stable ICU 2.4
359  */
360 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_close(UStringSearch *searchiter);
361 
362 #if U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API
363 
364 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
365 
366 /**
367  * \class LocalUStringSearchPointer
368  * "Smart pointer" class, closes a UStringSearch via usearch_close().
369  * For most methods see the LocalPointerBase base class.
370  *
371  * @see LocalPointerBase
372  * @see LocalPointer
373  * @stable ICU 4.4
374  */
375 U_DEFINE_LOCAL_OPEN_POINTER(LocalUStringSearchPointer, UStringSearch, usearch_close);
376 
377 U_NAMESPACE_END
378 
379 #endif
380 
381 /* get and set methods -------------------------------------------------- */
382 
383 /**
384 * Sets the current position in the text string which the next search will
385 * start from. Clears previous states.
386 * This method takes the argument index and sets the position in the text
387 * string accordingly without checking if the index is pointing to a
388 * valid starting point to begin searching.
389 * Search positions that may render incorrect results are highlighted in the
390 * header comments
391 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
392 * @param position position to start next search from. If position is less
393 *          than or greater than the text range for searching,
394 *          an U_INDEX_OUTOFBOUNDS_ERROR will be returned
395 * @param status error status if any.
396 * @stable ICU 2.4
397 */
398 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_setOffset(UStringSearch *strsrch,
399                                         int32_t        position,
400                                         UErrorCode    *status);
401 
402 /**
403 * Return the current index in the string text being searched.
404 * If the iteration has gone past the end of the text (or past the beginning
405 * for a backwards search), <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> is returned.
406 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
407 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
408 * @stable ICU 2.4
409 */
410 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_getOffset(const UStringSearch *strsrch);
411 
412 /**
413 * Sets the text searching attributes located in the enum USearchAttribute
414 * with values from the enum USearchAttributeValue.
415 * <code>USEARCH_DEFAULT</code> can be used for all attributes for resetting.
416 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
417 * @param attribute text attribute to be set
418 * @param value text attribute value
419 * @param status for errors if it occurs
420 * @see #usearch_getAttribute
421 * @stable ICU 2.4
422 */
423 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_setAttribute(UStringSearch         *strsrch,
424                                            USearchAttribute       attribute,
425                                            USearchAttributeValue  value,
426                                            UErrorCode            *status);
427 
428 /**
429 * Gets the text searching attributes.
430 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
431 * @param attribute text attribute to be retrieve
432 * @return text attribute value
433 * @see #usearch_setAttribute
434 * @stable ICU 2.4
435 */
436 U_CAPI USearchAttributeValue U_EXPORT2 usearch_getAttribute(
437                                          const UStringSearch    *strsrch,
438                                                USearchAttribute  attribute);
439 
440 /**
441 * Returns the index to the match in the text string that was searched.
442 * This call returns a valid result only after a successful call to
443 * <code>usearch_first</code>, <code>usearch_next</code>, <code>usearch_previous</code>,
444 * or <code>usearch_last</code>.
445 * Just after construction, or after a searching method returns
446 * <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>, this method will return <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>.
447 * <p>
448 * Use <code>usearch_getMatchedLength</code> to get the matched string length.
449 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
450 * @return index to a substring within the text string that is being
451 *         searched.
452 * @see #usearch_first
453 * @see #usearch_next
454 * @see #usearch_previous
455 * @see #usearch_last
456 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
457 * @stable ICU 2.4
458 */
459 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_getMatchedStart(
460                                                const UStringSearch *strsrch);
461 
462 /**
463 * Returns the length of text in the string which matches the search pattern.
464 * This call returns a valid result only after a successful call to
465 * <code>usearch_first</code>, <code>usearch_next</code>, <code>usearch_previous</code>,
466 * or <code>usearch_last</code>.
467 * Just after construction, or after a searching method returns
468 * <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>, this method will return 0.
469 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
470 * @return The length of the match in the string text, or 0 if there is no
471 *         match currently.
472 * @see #usearch_first
473 * @see #usearch_next
474 * @see #usearch_previous
475 * @see #usearch_last
476 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
477 * @stable ICU 2.4
478 */
479 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_getMatchedLength(
480                                                const UStringSearch *strsrch);
481 
482 /**
483 * Returns the text that was matched by the most recent call to
484 * <code>usearch_first</code>, <code>usearch_next</code>, <code>usearch_previous</code>,
485 * or <code>usearch_last</code>.
486 * If the iterator is not pointing at a valid match (e.g. just after
487 * construction or after <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> has been returned, returns
488 * an empty string. If result is not large enough to store the matched text,
489 * result will be filled with the partial text and an U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR
490 * will be returned in status. result will be null-terminated whenever
491 * possible. If the buffer fits the matched text exactly, a null-termination
492 * is not possible, then a U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_ERROR set in status.
493 * Pre-flighting can be either done with length = 0 or the API
494 * <code>usearch_getMatchedLength</code>.
495 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
496 * @param result UChar buffer to store the matched string
497 * @param resultCapacity length of the result buffer
498 * @param status error returned if result is not large enough
499 * @return exact length of the matched text, not counting the null-termination
500 * @see #usearch_first
501 * @see #usearch_next
502 * @see #usearch_previous
503 * @see #usearch_last
504 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
505 * @stable ICU 2.4
506 */
507 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_getMatchedText(const UStringSearch *strsrch,
508                                             UChar         *result,
509                                             int32_t        resultCapacity,
510                                             UErrorCode    *status);
511 
512 #if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
513 
514 /**
515 * Set the BreakIterator that will be used to restrict the points at which
516 * matches are detected.
517 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
518 * @param breakiter A BreakIterator that will be used to restrict the points
519 *                  at which matches are detected. If a match is found, but
520 *                  the match's start or end index is not a boundary as
521 *                  determined by the <code>BreakIterator</code>, the match will
522 *                  be rejected and another will be searched for.
523 *                  If this parameter is <code>NULL</code>, no break detection is
524 *                  attempted.
525 * @param status for errors if it occurs
526 * @see #usearch_getBreakIterator
527 * @stable ICU 2.4
528 */
529 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_setBreakIterator(UStringSearch  *strsrch,
530                                                UBreakIterator *breakiter,
531                                                UErrorCode     *status);
532 
533 /**
534 * Returns the BreakIterator that is used to restrict the points at which
535 * matches are detected. This will be the same object that was passed to the
536 * constructor or to <code>usearch_setBreakIterator</code>. Note that
537 * <code>NULL</code>
538 * is a legal value; it means that break detection should not be attempted.
539 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
540 * @return break iterator used
541 * @see #usearch_setBreakIterator
542 * @stable ICU 2.4
543 */
544 U_CAPI const UBreakIterator * U_EXPORT2 usearch_getBreakIterator(
545                                               const UStringSearch *strsrch);
546 
547 #endif
548 
549 /**
550 * Set the string text to be searched. Text iteration will hence begin at the
551 * start of the text string. This method is useful if you want to re-use an
552 * iterator to search for the same pattern within a different body of text.
553 *
554 * The UStringSearch retains a pointer to the text string. The caller must not
555 * modify or delete the string while using the UStringSearch.
556 *
557 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
558 * @param text new string to look for match
559 * @param textlength length of the new string, -1 for null-termination
560 * @param status for errors if it occurs. If text is NULL, or textlength is 0
561 *               then an U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR is returned with no change
562 *               done to strsrch.
563 * @see #usearch_getText
564 * @stable ICU 2.4
565 */
566 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_setText(      UStringSearch *strsrch,
567                                       const UChar         *text,
568                                             int32_t        textlength,
569                                             UErrorCode    *status);
570 
571 /**
572 * Return the string text to be searched.
573 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
574 * @param length returned string text length
575 * @return string text
576 * @see #usearch_setText
577 * @stable ICU 2.4
578 */
579 U_CAPI const UChar * U_EXPORT2 usearch_getText(const UStringSearch *strsrch,
580                                                int32_t       *length);
581 
582 /**
583 * Gets the collator used for the language rules.
584 * <p>
585 * Deleting the returned <code>UCollator</code> before calling
586 * <code>usearch_close</code> would cause the string search to fail.
587 * <code>usearch_close</code> will delete the collator if this search owns it.
588 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
589 * @return collator
590 * @stable ICU 2.4
591 */
592 U_CAPI UCollator * U_EXPORT2 usearch_getCollator(
593                                                const UStringSearch *strsrch);
594 
595 /**
596 * Sets the collator used for the language rules. User retains the ownership
597 * of this collator, thus the responsibility of deletion lies with the user.
598 * This method causes internal data such as Boyer-Moore shift tables to
599 * be recalculated, but the iterator's position is unchanged.
600 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
601 * @param collator to be used
602 * @param status for errors if it occurs
603 * @stable ICU 2.4
604 */
605 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_setCollator(      UStringSearch *strsrch,
606                                           const UCollator     *collator,
607                                                 UErrorCode    *status);
608 
609 /**
610 * Sets the pattern used for matching.
611 * Internal data like the Boyer Moore table will be recalculated, but the
612 * iterator's position is unchanged.
613 *
614 * The UStringSearch retains a pointer to the pattern string. The caller must not
615 * modify or delete the string while using the UStringSearch.
616 *
617 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
618 * @param pattern string
619 * @param patternlength pattern length, -1 for null-terminated string
620 * @param status for errors if it occurs. If text is NULL, or textlength is 0
621 *               then an U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR is returned with no change
622 *               done to strsrch.
623 * @stable ICU 2.4
624 */
625 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_setPattern(      UStringSearch *strsrch,
626                                          const UChar         *pattern,
627                                                int32_t        patternlength,
628                                                UErrorCode    *status);
629 
630 /**
631 * Gets the search pattern
632 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
633 * @param length return length of the pattern, -1 indicates that the pattern
634 *               is null-terminated
635 * @return pattern string
636 * @stable ICU 2.4
637 */
638 U_CAPI const UChar * U_EXPORT2 usearch_getPattern(
639                                                const UStringSearch *strsrch,
640                                                      int32_t       *length);
641 
642 /* methods ------------------------------------------------------------- */
643 
644 /**
645 * Returns the first index at which the string text matches the search
646 * pattern.
647 * The iterator is adjusted so that its current index (as returned by
648 * <code>usearch_getOffset</code>) is the match position if one was found.
649 * If a match is not found, <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> will be returned and
650 * the iterator will be adjusted to the index <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>.
651 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
652 * @param status for errors if it occurs
653 * @return The character index of the first match, or
654 * <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> if there are no matches.
655 * @see #usearch_getOffset
656 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
657 * @stable ICU 2.4
658 */
659 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_first(UStringSearch *strsrch,
660                                            UErrorCode    *status);
661 
662 /**
663 * Returns the first index equal or greater than <code>position</code> at which
664 * the string text
665 * matches the search pattern. The iterator is adjusted so that its current
666 * index (as returned by <code>usearch_getOffset</code>) is the match position if
667 * one was found.
668 * If a match is not found, <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> will be returned and
669 * the iterator will be adjusted to the index <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>
670 * <p>
671 * Search positions that may render incorrect results are highlighted in the
672 * header comments. If position is less than or greater than the text range
673 * for searching, an U_INDEX_OUTOFBOUNDS_ERROR will be returned
674 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
675 * @param position to start the search at
676 * @param status for errors if it occurs
677 * @return The character index of the first match following <code>pos</code>,
678 *         or <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> if there are no matches.
679 * @see #usearch_getOffset
680 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
681 * @stable ICU 2.4
682 */
683 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_following(UStringSearch *strsrch,
684                                                int32_t    position,
685                                                UErrorCode    *status);
686 
687 /**
688 * Returns the last index in the target text at which it matches the search
689 * pattern. The iterator is adjusted so that its current
690 * index (as returned by <code>usearch_getOffset</code>) is the match position if
691 * one was found.
692 * If a match is not found, <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> will be returned and
693 * the iterator will be adjusted to the index <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>.
694 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
695 * @param status for errors if it occurs
696 * @return The index of the first match, or <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> if there
697 *         are no matches.
698 * @see #usearch_getOffset
699 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
700 * @stable ICU 2.4
701 */
702 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_last(UStringSearch *strsrch,
703                                           UErrorCode    *status);
704 
705 /**
706 * Returns the first index less than <code>position</code> at which the string text
707 * matches the search pattern. The iterator is adjusted so that its current
708 * index (as returned by <code>usearch_getOffset</code>) is the match position if
709 * one was found.
710 * If a match is not found, <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> will be returned and
711 * the iterator will be adjusted to the index <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>
712 * <p>
713 * Search positions that may render incorrect results are highlighted in the
714 * header comments. If position is less than or greater than the text range
715 * for searching, an U_INDEX_OUTOFBOUNDS_ERROR will be returned.
716 * <p>
717 * When <code>USEARCH_OVERLAP</code> option is off, the last index of the
718 * result match is always less than <code>position</code>.
719 * When <code>USERARCH_OVERLAP</code> is on, the result match may span across
720 * <code>position</code>.
721 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
722 * @param position index position the search is to begin at
723 * @param status for errors if it occurs
724 * @return The character index of the first match preceding <code>pos</code>,
725 *         or <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> if there are no matches.
726 * @see #usearch_getOffset
727 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
728 * @stable ICU 2.4
729 */
730 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_preceding(UStringSearch *strsrch,
731                                                int32_t    position,
732                                                UErrorCode    *status);
733 
734 /**
735 * Returns the index of the next point at which the string text matches the
736 * search pattern, starting from the current position.
737 * The iterator is adjusted so that its current
738 * index (as returned by <code>usearch_getOffset</code>) is the match position if
739 * one was found.
740 * If a match is not found, <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> will be returned and
741 * the iterator will be adjusted to the index <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>
742 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
743 * @param status for errors if it occurs
744 * @return The index of the next match after the current position, or
745 *         <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> if there are no more matches.
746 * @see #usearch_first
747 * @see #usearch_getOffset
748 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
749 * @stable ICU 2.4
750 */
751 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_next(UStringSearch *strsrch,
752                                           UErrorCode    *status);
753 
754 /**
755 * Returns the index of the previous point at which the string text matches
756 * the search pattern, starting at the current position.
757 * The iterator is adjusted so that its current
758 * index (as returned by <code>usearch_getOffset</code>) is the match position if
759 * one was found.
760 * If a match is not found, <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> will be returned and
761 * the iterator will be adjusted to the index <code>USEARCH_DONE</code>
762 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
763 * @param status for errors if it occurs
764 * @return The index of the previous match before the current position,
765 *         or <code>USEARCH_DONE</code> if there are no more matches.
766 * @see #usearch_last
767 * @see #usearch_getOffset
768 * @see #USEARCH_DONE
769 * @stable ICU 2.4
770 */
771 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 usearch_previous(UStringSearch *strsrch,
772                                               UErrorCode    *status);
773 
774 /**
775 * Reset the iteration.
776 * Search will begin at the start of the text string if a forward iteration
777 * is initiated before a backwards iteration. Otherwise if a backwards
778 * iteration is initiated before a forwards iteration, the search will begin
779 * at the end of the text string.
780 * @param strsrch search iterator data struct
781 * @see #usearch_first
782 * @stable ICU 2.4
783 */
784 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2 usearch_reset(UStringSearch *strsrch);
785 
786 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
787 /**
788   *  Simple forward search for the pattern, starting at a specified index,
789   *     and using a default set search options.
790   *
791   *  This is an experimental function, and is not an official part of the
792   *      ICU API.
793   *
794   *  The collator options, such as UCOL_STRENGTH and UCOL_NORMALIZTION, are honored.
795   *
796   *  The UStringSearch options USEARCH_CANONICAL_MATCH, USEARCH_OVERLAP and
797   *  any Break Iterator are ignored.
798   *
799   *  Matches obey the following constraints:
800   *
801   *      Characters at the start or end positions of a match that are ignorable
802   *      for collation are not included as part of the match, unless they
803   *      are part of a combining sequence, as described below.
804   *
805   *      A match will not include a partial combining sequence.  Combining
806   *      character sequences  are considered to be  inseparable units,
807   *      and either match the pattern completely, or are considered to not match
808   *      at all.  Thus, for example, an A followed a combining accent mark will
809   *      not be found when searching for a plain (unaccented) A.   (unless
810   *      the collation strength has been set to ignore all accents).
811   *
812   *      When beginning a search, the initial starting position, startIdx,
813   *      is assumed to be an acceptable match boundary with respect to
814   *      combining characters.  A combining sequence that spans across the
815   *      starting point will not suppress a match beginning at startIdx.
816   *
817   *      Characters that expand to multiple collation elements
818   *      (German sharp-S becoming 'ss', or the composed forms of accented
819   *      characters, for example) also must match completely.
820   *      Searching for a single 's' in a string containing only a sharp-s will
821   *      find no match.
822   *
823   *
824   *  @param strsrch    the UStringSearch struct, which references both
825   *                    the text to be searched  and the pattern being sought.
826   *  @param startIdx   The index into the text to begin the search.
827   *  @param matchStart An out parameter, the starting index of the matched text.
828   *                    This parameter may be NULL.
829   *                    A value of -1 will be returned if no match was found.
830   *  @param matchLimit Out parameter, the index of the first position following the matched text.
831   *                    The matchLimit will be at a suitable position for beginning a subsequent search
832   *                    in the input text.
833   *                    This parameter may be NULL.
834   *                    A value of -1 will be returned if no match was found.
835   *
836   *  @param status     Report any errors.  Note that no match found is not an error.
837   *  @return           true if a match was found, false otherwise.
838   *
839   *  @internal
840   */
841 U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2 usearch_search(UStringSearch *strsrch,
842                                           int32_t        startIdx,
843                                           int32_t        *matchStart,
844                                           int32_t        *matchLimit,
845                                           UErrorCode     *status);
846 
847 /**
848   *  Simple backwards search for the pattern, starting at a specified index,
849   *     and using using a default set search options.
850   *
851   *  This is an experimental function, and is not an official part of the
852   *      ICU API.
853   *
854   *  The collator options, such as UCOL_STRENGTH and UCOL_NORMALIZTION, are honored.
855   *
856   *  The UStringSearch options USEARCH_CANONICAL_MATCH, USEARCH_OVERLAP and
857   *  any Break Iterator are ignored.
858   *
859   *  Matches obey the following constraints:
860   *
861   *      Characters at the start or end positions of a match that are ignorable
862   *      for collation are not included as part of the match, unless they
863   *      are part of a combining sequence, as described below.
864   *
865   *      A match will not include a partial combining sequence.  Combining
866   *      character sequences  are considered to be  inseparable units,
867   *      and either match the pattern completely, or are considered to not match
868   *      at all.  Thus, for example, an A followed a combining accent mark will
869   *      not be found when searching for a plain (unaccented) A.   (unless
870   *      the collation strength has been set to ignore all accents).
871   *
872   *      When beginning a search, the initial starting position, startIdx,
873   *      is assumed to be an acceptable match boundary with respect to
874   *      combining characters.  A combining sequence that spans across the
875   *      starting point will not suppress a match beginning at startIdx.
876   *
877   *      Characters that expand to multiple collation elements
878   *      (German sharp-S becoming 'ss', or the composed forms of accented
879   *      characters, for example) also must match completely.
880   *      Searching for a single 's' in a string containing only a sharp-s will
881   *      find no match.
882   *
883   *
884   *  @param strsrch    the UStringSearch struct, which references both
885   *                    the text to be searched  and the pattern being sought.
886   *  @param startIdx   The index into the text to begin the search.
887   *  @param matchStart An out parameter, the starting index of the matched text.
888   *                    This parameter may be NULL.
889   *                    A value of -1 will be returned if no match was found.
890   *  @param matchLimit Out parameter, the index of the first position following the matched text.
891   *                    The matchLimit will be at a suitable position for beginning a subsequent search
892   *                    in the input text.
893   *                    This parameter may be NULL.
894   *                    A value of -1 will be returned if no match was found.
895   *
896   *  @param status     Report any errors.  Note that no match found is not an error.
897   *  @return           true if a match was found, false otherwise.
898   *
899   *  @internal
900   */
901 U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2 usearch_searchBackwards(UStringSearch *strsrch,
902                                                    int32_t        startIdx,
903                                                    int32_t        *matchStart,
904                                                    int32_t        *matchLimit,
905                                                    UErrorCode     *status);
906 #endif  /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
907 
908 #endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION  && !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION */
909 
910 #endif
911