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1===========
2ClangFormat
3===========
4
5`ClangFormat` describes a set of tools that are built on top of
6:doc:`LibFormat`. It can support your workflow in a variety of ways including a
7standalone tool and editor integrations.
8
9
10Standalone Tool
11===============
12
13:program:`clang-format` is located in `clang/tools/clang-format` and can be used
14to format C/C++/Java/JavaScript/Objective-C/Protobuf/C# code.
15
16.. code-block:: console
17
18  $ clang-format -help
19  OVERVIEW: A tool to format C/C++/Java/JavaScript/Objective-C/Protobuf/C# code.
20
21  If no arguments are specified, it formats the code from standard input
22  and writes the result to the standard output.
23  If <file>s are given, it reformats the files. If -i is specified
24  together with <file>s, the files are edited in-place. Otherwise, the
25  result is written to the standard output.
26
27  USAGE: clang-format [options] [<file> ...]
28
29  OPTIONS:
30
31  Clang-format options:
32
33    --Werror                   - If set, changes formatting warnings to errors
34    --Wno-error=unknown        - If set, unknown format options are only warned about.
35                                 This can be used to enable formatting, even if the
36                                 configuration contains unknown (newer) options.
37                                 Use with caution, as this might lead to dramatically
38                                 differing format depending on an option being
39                                 supported or not.
40    --assume-filename=<string> - Override filename used to determine the language.
41                                 When reading from stdin, clang-format assumes this
42                                 filename to determine the language.
43    --cursor=<uint>            - The position of the cursor when invoking
44                                 clang-format from an editor integration
45    --dry-run                  - If set, do not actually make the formatting changes
46    --dump-config              - Dump configuration options to stdout and exit.
47                                 Can be used with -style option.
48    --fallback-style=<string>  - The name of the predefined style used as a
49                                 fallback in case clang-format is invoked with
50                                 -style=file, but can not find the .clang-format
51                                 file to use.
52                                 Use -fallback-style=none to skip formatting.
53    --ferror-limit=<uint>      - Set the maximum number of clang-format errors to
54                                 emit before stopping (0 = no limit). Used only
55                                 with --dry-run or -n
56    -i                         - Inplace edit <file>s, if specified.
57    --length=<uint>            - Format a range of this length (in bytes).
58                                 Multiple ranges can be formatted by specifying
59                                 several -offset and -length pairs.
60                                 When only a single -offset is specified without
61                                 -length, clang-format will format up to the end
62                                 of the file.
63                                 Can only be used with one input file.
64    --lines=<string>           - <start line>:<end line> - format a range of
65                                 lines (both 1-based).
66                                 Multiple ranges can be formatted by specifying
67                                 several -lines arguments.
68                                 Can't be used with -offset and -length.
69                                 Can only be used with one input file.
70    -n                         - Alias for --dry-run
71    --offset=<uint>            - Format a range starting at this byte offset.
72                                 Multiple ranges can be formatted by specifying
73                                 several -offset and -length pairs.
74                                 Can only be used with one input file.
75    --output-replacements-xml  - Output replacements as XML.
76    --sort-includes            - If set, overrides the include sorting behavior
77                                 determined by the SortIncludes style flag
78    --style=<string>           - Coding style, currently supports:
79                                   LLVM, Google, Chromium, Mozilla, WebKit.
80                                 Use -style=file to load style configuration from
81                                 .clang-format file located in one of the parent
82                                 directories of the source file (or current
83                                 directory for stdin).
84                                 Use -style="{key: value, ...}" to set specific
85                                 parameters, e.g.:
86                                   -style="{BasedOnStyle: llvm, IndentWidth: 8}"
87    --verbose                  - If set, shows the list of processed files
88
89  Generic Options:
90
91    --help                     - Display available options (--help-hidden for more)
92    --help-list                - Display list of available options (--help-list-hidden for more)
93    --version                  - Display the version of this program
94
95
96When the desired code formatting style is different from the available options,
97the style can be customized using the ``-style="{key: value, ...}"`` option or
98by putting your style configuration in the ``.clang-format`` or ``_clang-format``
99file in your project's directory and using ``clang-format -style=file``.
100
101An easy way to create the ``.clang-format`` file is:
102
103.. code-block:: console
104
105  clang-format -style=llvm -dump-config > .clang-format
106
107Available style options are described in :doc:`ClangFormatStyleOptions`.
108
109
110Vim Integration
111===============
112
113There is an integration for :program:`vim` which lets you run the
114:program:`clang-format` standalone tool on your current buffer, optionally
115selecting regions to reformat. The integration has the form of a `python`-file
116which can be found under `clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format.py`.
117
118This can be integrated by adding the following to your `.vimrc`:
119
120.. code-block:: vim
121
122  map <C-K> :pyf <path-to-this-file>/clang-format.py<cr>
123  imap <C-K> <c-o>:pyf <path-to-this-file>/clang-format.py<cr>
124
125The first line enables :program:`clang-format` for NORMAL and VISUAL mode, the
126second line adds support for INSERT mode. Change "C-K" to another binding if
127you need :program:`clang-format` on a different key (C-K stands for Ctrl+k).
128
129With this integration you can press the bound key and clang-format will
130format the current line in NORMAL and INSERT mode or the selected region in
131VISUAL mode. The line or region is extended to the next bigger syntactic
132entity.
133
134It operates on the current, potentially unsaved buffer and does not create
135or save any files. To revert a formatting, just undo.
136
137An alternative option is to format changes when saving a file and thus to
138have a zero-effort integration into the coding workflow. To do this, add this to
139your `.vimrc`:
140
141.. code-block:: vim
142
143  function! Formatonsave()
144    let l:formatdiff = 1
145    pyf ~/llvm/tools/clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format.py
146  endfunction
147  autocmd BufWritePre *.h,*.cc,*.cpp call Formatonsave()
148
149
150Emacs Integration
151=================
152
153Similar to the integration for :program:`vim`, there is an integration for
154:program:`emacs`. It can be found at `clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format.el`
155and used by adding this to your `.emacs`:
156
157.. code-block:: common-lisp
158
159  (load "<path-to-clang>/tools/clang-format/clang-format.el")
160  (global-set-key [C-M-tab] 'clang-format-region)
161
162This binds the function `clang-format-region` to C-M-tab, which then formats the
163current line or selected region.
164
165
166BBEdit Integration
167==================
168
169:program:`clang-format` cannot be used as a text filter with BBEdit, but works
170well via a script. The AppleScript to do this integration can be found at
171`clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-bbedit.applescript`; place a copy in
172`~/Library/Application Support/BBEdit/Scripts`, and edit the path within it to
173point to your local copy of :program:`clang-format`.
174
175With this integration you can select the script from the Script menu and
176:program:`clang-format` will format the selection. Note that you can rename the
177menu item by renaming the script, and can assign the menu item a keyboard
178shortcut in the BBEdit preferences, under Menus & Shortcuts.
179
180
181CLion Integration
182=================
183
184:program:`clang-format` is integrated into `CLion <https://www.jetbrains
185.com/clion/>`_ as an alternative code formatter. CLion turns it on
186automatically when there is a ``.clang-format`` file under the project root.
187Code style rules are applied as you type, including indentation,
188auto-completion, code generation, and refactorings.
189
190:program:`clang-format` can also be enabled without a ``.clang-format`` file.
191In this case, CLion prompts you to create one based on the current IDE settings
192or the default LLVM style.
193
194
195Visual Studio Integration
196=========================
197
198Download the latest Visual Studio extension from the `alpha build site
199<https://llvm.org/builds/>`_. The default key-binding is Ctrl-R,Ctrl-F.
200
201
202Visual Studio Code Integration
203==============================
204
205Get the latest Visual Studio Code extension from the `Visual Studio Marketplace <https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=xaver.clang-format>`_. The default key-binding is Alt-Shift-F.
206
207
208Script for patch reformatting
209=============================
210
211The python script `clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-diff.py` parses the
212output of a unified diff and reformats all contained lines with
213:program:`clang-format`.
214
215.. code-block:: console
216
217  usage: clang-format-diff.py [-h] [-i] [-p NUM] [-regex PATTERN] [-style STYLE]
218
219  Reformat changed lines in diff. Without -i option just output the diff that
220  would be introduced.
221
222  optional arguments:
223    -h, --help      show this help message and exit
224    -i              apply edits to files instead of displaying a diff
225    -p NUM          strip the smallest prefix containing P slashes
226    -regex PATTERN  custom pattern selecting file paths to reformat
227    -style STYLE    formatting style to apply (LLVM, Google, Chromium, Mozilla,
228                    WebKit)
229
230So to reformat all the lines in the latest :program:`git` commit, just do:
231
232.. code-block:: console
233
234  git diff -U0 --no-color HEAD^ | clang-format-diff.py -i -p1
235
236With Mercurial/:program:`hg`:
237
238.. code-block:: console
239
240  hg diff -U0 --color=never | clang-format-diff.py -i -p1
241
242In an SVN client, you can do:
243
244.. code-block:: console
245
246  svn diff --diff-cmd=diff -x -U0 | clang-format-diff.py -i
247
248The option `-U0` will create a diff without context lines (the script would format
249those as well).
250
251These commands use the file paths shown in the diff output
252so they will only work from the root of the repository.
253
254Current State of Clang Format for LLVM
255======================================
256
257The following table :doc:`ClangFormattedStatus` shows the current status of clang-formatting for the entire LLVM source tree.
258