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1#
2# A higher level module for using sockets (or Windows named pipes)
3#
4# multiprocessing/connection.py
5#
6# Copyright (c) 2006-2008, R Oudkerk
7# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
8#
9
10__all__ = [ 'Client', 'Listener', 'Pipe', 'wait' ]
11
12import io
13import os
14import sys
15import socket
16import struct
17import time
18import tempfile
19import itertools
20
21import _multiprocessing
22
23from . import util
24
25from . import AuthenticationError, BufferTooShort
26from .context import reduction
27_ForkingPickler = reduction.ForkingPickler
28
29try:
30    import _winapi
31    from _winapi import WAIT_OBJECT_0, WAIT_ABANDONED_0, WAIT_TIMEOUT, INFINITE
32except ImportError:
33    if sys.platform == 'win32':
34        raise
35    _winapi = None
36
37#
38#
39#
40
41BUFSIZE = 8192
42# A very generous timeout when it comes to local connections...
43CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 20.
44
45_mmap_counter = itertools.count()
46
47default_family = 'AF_INET'
48families = ['AF_INET']
49
50if hasattr(socket, 'AF_UNIX'):
51    default_family = 'AF_UNIX'
52    families += ['AF_UNIX']
53
54if sys.platform == 'win32':
55    default_family = 'AF_PIPE'
56    families += ['AF_PIPE']
57
58
59def _init_timeout(timeout=CONNECTION_TIMEOUT):
60    return time.monotonic() + timeout
61
62def _check_timeout(t):
63    return time.monotonic() > t
64
65#
66#
67#
68
69def arbitrary_address(family):
70    '''
71    Return an arbitrary free address for the given family
72    '''
73    if family == 'AF_INET':
74        return ('localhost', 0)
75    elif family == 'AF_UNIX':
76        # Prefer abstract sockets if possible to avoid problems with the address
77        # size.  When coding portable applications, some implementations have
78        # sun_path as short as 92 bytes in the sockaddr_un struct.
79        if util.abstract_sockets_supported:
80            return f"\0listener-{os.getpid()}-{next(_mmap_counter)}"
81        return tempfile.mktemp(prefix='listener-', dir=util.get_temp_dir())
82    elif family == 'AF_PIPE':
83        return tempfile.mktemp(prefix=r'\\.\pipe\pyc-%d-%d-' %
84                               (os.getpid(), next(_mmap_counter)), dir="")
85    else:
86        raise ValueError('unrecognized family')
87
88def _validate_family(family):
89    '''
90    Checks if the family is valid for the current environment.
91    '''
92    if sys.platform != 'win32' and family == 'AF_PIPE':
93        raise ValueError('Family %s is not recognized.' % family)
94
95    if sys.platform == 'win32' and family == 'AF_UNIX':
96        # double check
97        if not hasattr(socket, family):
98            raise ValueError('Family %s is not recognized.' % family)
99
100def address_type(address):
101    '''
102    Return the types of the address
103
104    This can be 'AF_INET', 'AF_UNIX', or 'AF_PIPE'
105    '''
106    if type(address) == tuple:
107        return 'AF_INET'
108    elif type(address) is str and address.startswith('\\\\'):
109        return 'AF_PIPE'
110    elif type(address) is str or util.is_abstract_socket_namespace(address):
111        return 'AF_UNIX'
112    else:
113        raise ValueError('address type of %r unrecognized' % address)
114
115#
116# Connection classes
117#
118
119class _ConnectionBase:
120    _handle = None
121
122    def __init__(self, handle, readable=True, writable=True):
123        handle = handle.__index__()
124        if handle < 0:
125            raise ValueError("invalid handle")
126        if not readable and not writable:
127            raise ValueError(
128                "at least one of `readable` and `writable` must be True")
129        self._handle = handle
130        self._readable = readable
131        self._writable = writable
132
133    # XXX should we use util.Finalize instead of a __del__?
134
135    def __del__(self):
136        if self._handle is not None:
137            self._close()
138
139    def _check_closed(self):
140        if self._handle is None:
141            raise OSError("handle is closed")
142
143    def _check_readable(self):
144        if not self._readable:
145            raise OSError("connection is write-only")
146
147    def _check_writable(self):
148        if not self._writable:
149            raise OSError("connection is read-only")
150
151    def _bad_message_length(self):
152        if self._writable:
153            self._readable = False
154        else:
155            self.close()
156        raise OSError("bad message length")
157
158    @property
159    def closed(self):
160        """True if the connection is closed"""
161        return self._handle is None
162
163    @property
164    def readable(self):
165        """True if the connection is readable"""
166        return self._readable
167
168    @property
169    def writable(self):
170        """True if the connection is writable"""
171        return self._writable
172
173    def fileno(self):
174        """File descriptor or handle of the connection"""
175        self._check_closed()
176        return self._handle
177
178    def close(self):
179        """Close the connection"""
180        if self._handle is not None:
181            try:
182                self._close()
183            finally:
184                self._handle = None
185
186    def send_bytes(self, buf, offset=0, size=None):
187        """Send the bytes data from a bytes-like object"""
188        self._check_closed()
189        self._check_writable()
190        m = memoryview(buf)
191        # HACK for byte-indexing of non-bytewise buffers (e.g. array.array)
192        if m.itemsize > 1:
193            m = memoryview(bytes(m))
194        n = len(m)
195        if offset < 0:
196            raise ValueError("offset is negative")
197        if n < offset:
198            raise ValueError("buffer length < offset")
199        if size is None:
200            size = n - offset
201        elif size < 0:
202            raise ValueError("size is negative")
203        elif offset + size > n:
204            raise ValueError("buffer length < offset + size")
205        self._send_bytes(m[offset:offset + size])
206
207    def send(self, obj):
208        """Send a (picklable) object"""
209        self._check_closed()
210        self._check_writable()
211        self._send_bytes(_ForkingPickler.dumps(obj))
212
213    def recv_bytes(self, maxlength=None):
214        """
215        Receive bytes data as a bytes object.
216        """
217        self._check_closed()
218        self._check_readable()
219        if maxlength is not None and maxlength < 0:
220            raise ValueError("negative maxlength")
221        buf = self._recv_bytes(maxlength)
222        if buf is None:
223            self._bad_message_length()
224        return buf.getvalue()
225
226    def recv_bytes_into(self, buf, offset=0):
227        """
228        Receive bytes data into a writeable bytes-like object.
229        Return the number of bytes read.
230        """
231        self._check_closed()
232        self._check_readable()
233        with memoryview(buf) as m:
234            # Get bytesize of arbitrary buffer
235            itemsize = m.itemsize
236            bytesize = itemsize * len(m)
237            if offset < 0:
238                raise ValueError("negative offset")
239            elif offset > bytesize:
240                raise ValueError("offset too large")
241            result = self._recv_bytes()
242            size = result.tell()
243            if bytesize < offset + size:
244                raise BufferTooShort(result.getvalue())
245            # Message can fit in dest
246            result.seek(0)
247            result.readinto(m[offset // itemsize :
248                              (offset + size) // itemsize])
249            return size
250
251    def recv(self):
252        """Receive a (picklable) object"""
253        self._check_closed()
254        self._check_readable()
255        buf = self._recv_bytes()
256        return _ForkingPickler.loads(buf.getbuffer())
257
258    def poll(self, timeout=0.0):
259        """Whether there is any input available to be read"""
260        self._check_closed()
261        self._check_readable()
262        return self._poll(timeout)
263
264    def __enter__(self):
265        return self
266
267    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb):
268        self.close()
269
270
271if _winapi:
272
273    class PipeConnection(_ConnectionBase):
274        """
275        Connection class based on a Windows named pipe.
276        Overlapped I/O is used, so the handles must have been created
277        with FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED.
278        """
279        _got_empty_message = False
280
281        def _close(self, _CloseHandle=_winapi.CloseHandle):
282            _CloseHandle(self._handle)
283
284        def _send_bytes(self, buf):
285            ov, err = _winapi.WriteFile(self._handle, buf, overlapped=True)
286            try:
287                if err == _winapi.ERROR_IO_PENDING:
288                    waitres = _winapi.WaitForMultipleObjects(
289                        [ov.event], False, INFINITE)
290                    assert waitres == WAIT_OBJECT_0
291            except:
292                ov.cancel()
293                raise
294            finally:
295                nwritten, err = ov.GetOverlappedResult(True)
296            assert err == 0
297            assert nwritten == len(buf)
298
299        def _recv_bytes(self, maxsize=None):
300            if self._got_empty_message:
301                self._got_empty_message = False
302                return io.BytesIO()
303            else:
304                bsize = 128 if maxsize is None else min(maxsize, 128)
305                try:
306                    ov, err = _winapi.ReadFile(self._handle, bsize,
307                                                overlapped=True)
308                    try:
309                        if err == _winapi.ERROR_IO_PENDING:
310                            waitres = _winapi.WaitForMultipleObjects(
311                                [ov.event], False, INFINITE)
312                            assert waitres == WAIT_OBJECT_0
313                    except:
314                        ov.cancel()
315                        raise
316                    finally:
317                        nread, err = ov.GetOverlappedResult(True)
318                        if err == 0:
319                            f = io.BytesIO()
320                            f.write(ov.getbuffer())
321                            return f
322                        elif err == _winapi.ERROR_MORE_DATA:
323                            return self._get_more_data(ov, maxsize)
324                except OSError as e:
325                    if e.winerror == _winapi.ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE:
326                        raise EOFError
327                    else:
328                        raise
329            raise RuntimeError("shouldn't get here; expected KeyboardInterrupt")
330
331        def _poll(self, timeout):
332            if (self._got_empty_message or
333                        _winapi.PeekNamedPipe(self._handle)[0] != 0):
334                return True
335            return bool(wait([self], timeout))
336
337        def _get_more_data(self, ov, maxsize):
338            buf = ov.getbuffer()
339            f = io.BytesIO()
340            f.write(buf)
341            left = _winapi.PeekNamedPipe(self._handle)[1]
342            assert left > 0
343            if maxsize is not None and len(buf) + left > maxsize:
344                self._bad_message_length()
345            ov, err = _winapi.ReadFile(self._handle, left, overlapped=True)
346            rbytes, err = ov.GetOverlappedResult(True)
347            assert err == 0
348            assert rbytes == left
349            f.write(ov.getbuffer())
350            return f
351
352
353class Connection(_ConnectionBase):
354    """
355    Connection class based on an arbitrary file descriptor (Unix only), or
356    a socket handle (Windows).
357    """
358
359    if _winapi:
360        def _close(self, _close=_multiprocessing.closesocket):
361            _close(self._handle)
362        _write = _multiprocessing.send
363        _read = _multiprocessing.recv
364    else:
365        def _close(self, _close=os.close):
366            _close(self._handle)
367        _write = os.write
368        _read = os.read
369
370    def _send(self, buf, write=_write):
371        remaining = len(buf)
372        while True:
373            n = write(self._handle, buf)
374            remaining -= n
375            if remaining == 0:
376                break
377            buf = buf[n:]
378
379    def _recv(self, size, read=_read):
380        buf = io.BytesIO()
381        handle = self._handle
382        remaining = size
383        while remaining > 0:
384            chunk = read(handle, remaining)
385            n = len(chunk)
386            if n == 0:
387                if remaining == size:
388                    raise EOFError
389                else:
390                    raise OSError("got end of file during message")
391            buf.write(chunk)
392            remaining -= n
393        return buf
394
395    def _send_bytes(self, buf):
396        n = len(buf)
397        if n > 0x7fffffff:
398            pre_header = struct.pack("!i", -1)
399            header = struct.pack("!Q", n)
400            self._send(pre_header)
401            self._send(header)
402            self._send(buf)
403        else:
404            # For wire compatibility with 3.7 and lower
405            header = struct.pack("!i", n)
406            if n > 16384:
407                # The payload is large so Nagle's algorithm won't be triggered
408                # and we'd better avoid the cost of concatenation.
409                self._send(header)
410                self._send(buf)
411            else:
412                # Issue #20540: concatenate before sending, to avoid delays due
413                # to Nagle's algorithm on a TCP socket.
414                # Also note we want to avoid sending a 0-length buffer separately,
415                # to avoid "broken pipe" errors if the other end closed the pipe.
416                self._send(header + buf)
417
418    def _recv_bytes(self, maxsize=None):
419        buf = self._recv(4)
420        size, = struct.unpack("!i", buf.getvalue())
421        if size == -1:
422            buf = self._recv(8)
423            size, = struct.unpack("!Q", buf.getvalue())
424        if maxsize is not None and size > maxsize:
425            return None
426        return self._recv(size)
427
428    def _poll(self, timeout):
429        r = wait([self], timeout)
430        return bool(r)
431
432
433#
434# Public functions
435#
436
437class Listener(object):
438    '''
439    Returns a listener object.
440
441    This is a wrapper for a bound socket which is 'listening' for
442    connections, or for a Windows named pipe.
443    '''
444    def __init__(self, address=None, family=None, backlog=1, authkey=None):
445        family = family or (address and address_type(address)) \
446                 or default_family
447        address = address or arbitrary_address(family)
448
449        _validate_family(family)
450        if family == 'AF_PIPE':
451            self._listener = PipeListener(address, backlog)
452        else:
453            self._listener = SocketListener(address, family, backlog)
454
455        if authkey is not None and not isinstance(authkey, bytes):
456            raise TypeError('authkey should be a byte string')
457
458        self._authkey = authkey
459
460    def accept(self):
461        '''
462        Accept a connection on the bound socket or named pipe of `self`.
463
464        Returns a `Connection` object.
465        '''
466        if self._listener is None:
467            raise OSError('listener is closed')
468        c = self._listener.accept()
469        if self._authkey:
470            deliver_challenge(c, self._authkey)
471            answer_challenge(c, self._authkey)
472        return c
473
474    def close(self):
475        '''
476        Close the bound socket or named pipe of `self`.
477        '''
478        listener = self._listener
479        if listener is not None:
480            self._listener = None
481            listener.close()
482
483    @property
484    def address(self):
485        return self._listener._address
486
487    @property
488    def last_accepted(self):
489        return self._listener._last_accepted
490
491    def __enter__(self):
492        return self
493
494    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb):
495        self.close()
496
497
498def Client(address, family=None, authkey=None):
499    '''
500    Returns a connection to the address of a `Listener`
501    '''
502    family = family or address_type(address)
503    _validate_family(family)
504    if family == 'AF_PIPE':
505        c = PipeClient(address)
506    else:
507        c = SocketClient(address)
508
509    if authkey is not None and not isinstance(authkey, bytes):
510        raise TypeError('authkey should be a byte string')
511
512    if authkey is not None:
513        answer_challenge(c, authkey)
514        deliver_challenge(c, authkey)
515
516    return c
517
518
519if sys.platform != 'win32':
520
521    def Pipe(duplex=True):
522        '''
523        Returns pair of connection objects at either end of a pipe
524        '''
525        if duplex:
526            s1, s2 = socket.socketpair()
527            s1.setblocking(True)
528            s2.setblocking(True)
529            c1 = Connection(s1.detach())
530            c2 = Connection(s2.detach())
531        else:
532            fd1, fd2 = os.pipe()
533            c1 = Connection(fd1, writable=False)
534            c2 = Connection(fd2, readable=False)
535
536        return c1, c2
537
538else:
539
540    def Pipe(duplex=True):
541        '''
542        Returns pair of connection objects at either end of a pipe
543        '''
544        address = arbitrary_address('AF_PIPE')
545        if duplex:
546            openmode = _winapi.PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX
547            access = _winapi.GENERIC_READ | _winapi.GENERIC_WRITE
548            obsize, ibsize = BUFSIZE, BUFSIZE
549        else:
550            openmode = _winapi.PIPE_ACCESS_INBOUND
551            access = _winapi.GENERIC_WRITE
552            obsize, ibsize = 0, BUFSIZE
553
554        h1 = _winapi.CreateNamedPipe(
555            address, openmode | _winapi.FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED |
556            _winapi.FILE_FLAG_FIRST_PIPE_INSTANCE,
557            _winapi.PIPE_TYPE_MESSAGE | _winapi.PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE |
558            _winapi.PIPE_WAIT,
559            1, obsize, ibsize, _winapi.NMPWAIT_WAIT_FOREVER,
560            # default security descriptor: the handle cannot be inherited
561            _winapi.NULL
562            )
563        h2 = _winapi.CreateFile(
564            address, access, 0, _winapi.NULL, _winapi.OPEN_EXISTING,
565            _winapi.FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, _winapi.NULL
566            )
567        _winapi.SetNamedPipeHandleState(
568            h2, _winapi.PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE, None, None
569            )
570
571        overlapped = _winapi.ConnectNamedPipe(h1, overlapped=True)
572        _, err = overlapped.GetOverlappedResult(True)
573        assert err == 0
574
575        c1 = PipeConnection(h1, writable=duplex)
576        c2 = PipeConnection(h2, readable=duplex)
577
578        return c1, c2
579
580#
581# Definitions for connections based on sockets
582#
583
584class SocketListener(object):
585    '''
586    Representation of a socket which is bound to an address and listening
587    '''
588    def __init__(self, address, family, backlog=1):
589        self._socket = socket.socket(getattr(socket, family))
590        try:
591            # SO_REUSEADDR has different semantics on Windows (issue #2550).
592            if os.name == 'posix':
593                self._socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,
594                                        socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
595            self._socket.setblocking(True)
596            self._socket.bind(address)
597            self._socket.listen(backlog)
598            self._address = self._socket.getsockname()
599        except OSError:
600            self._socket.close()
601            raise
602        self._family = family
603        self._last_accepted = None
604
605        if family == 'AF_UNIX' and not util.is_abstract_socket_namespace(address):
606            # Linux abstract socket namespaces do not need to be explicitly unlinked
607            self._unlink = util.Finalize(
608                self, os.unlink, args=(address,), exitpriority=0
609                )
610        else:
611            self._unlink = None
612
613    def accept(self):
614        s, self._last_accepted = self._socket.accept()
615        s.setblocking(True)
616        return Connection(s.detach())
617
618    def close(self):
619        try:
620            self._socket.close()
621        finally:
622            unlink = self._unlink
623            if unlink is not None:
624                self._unlink = None
625                unlink()
626
627
628def SocketClient(address):
629    '''
630    Return a connection object connected to the socket given by `address`
631    '''
632    family = address_type(address)
633    with socket.socket( getattr(socket, family) ) as s:
634        s.setblocking(True)
635        s.connect(address)
636        return Connection(s.detach())
637
638#
639# Definitions for connections based on named pipes
640#
641
642if sys.platform == 'win32':
643
644    class PipeListener(object):
645        '''
646        Representation of a named pipe
647        '''
648        def __init__(self, address, backlog=None):
649            self._address = address
650            self._handle_queue = [self._new_handle(first=True)]
651
652            self._last_accepted = None
653            util.sub_debug('listener created with address=%r', self._address)
654            self.close = util.Finalize(
655                self, PipeListener._finalize_pipe_listener,
656                args=(self._handle_queue, self._address), exitpriority=0
657                )
658
659        def _new_handle(self, first=False):
660            flags = _winapi.PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX | _winapi.FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
661            if first:
662                flags |= _winapi.FILE_FLAG_FIRST_PIPE_INSTANCE
663            return _winapi.CreateNamedPipe(
664                self._address, flags,
665                _winapi.PIPE_TYPE_MESSAGE | _winapi.PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE |
666                _winapi.PIPE_WAIT,
667                _winapi.PIPE_UNLIMITED_INSTANCES, BUFSIZE, BUFSIZE,
668                _winapi.NMPWAIT_WAIT_FOREVER, _winapi.NULL
669                )
670
671        def accept(self):
672            self._handle_queue.append(self._new_handle())
673            handle = self._handle_queue.pop(0)
674            try:
675                ov = _winapi.ConnectNamedPipe(handle, overlapped=True)
676            except OSError as e:
677                if e.winerror != _winapi.ERROR_NO_DATA:
678                    raise
679                # ERROR_NO_DATA can occur if a client has already connected,
680                # written data and then disconnected -- see Issue 14725.
681            else:
682                try:
683                    res = _winapi.WaitForMultipleObjects(
684                        [ov.event], False, INFINITE)
685                except:
686                    ov.cancel()
687                    _winapi.CloseHandle(handle)
688                    raise
689                finally:
690                    _, err = ov.GetOverlappedResult(True)
691                    assert err == 0
692            return PipeConnection(handle)
693
694        @staticmethod
695        def _finalize_pipe_listener(queue, address):
696            util.sub_debug('closing listener with address=%r', address)
697            for handle in queue:
698                _winapi.CloseHandle(handle)
699
700    def PipeClient(address):
701        '''
702        Return a connection object connected to the pipe given by `address`
703        '''
704        t = _init_timeout()
705        while 1:
706            try:
707                _winapi.WaitNamedPipe(address, 1000)
708                h = _winapi.CreateFile(
709                    address, _winapi.GENERIC_READ | _winapi.GENERIC_WRITE,
710                    0, _winapi.NULL, _winapi.OPEN_EXISTING,
711                    _winapi.FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, _winapi.NULL
712                    )
713            except OSError as e:
714                if e.winerror not in (_winapi.ERROR_SEM_TIMEOUT,
715                                      _winapi.ERROR_PIPE_BUSY) or _check_timeout(t):
716                    raise
717            else:
718                break
719        else:
720            raise
721
722        _winapi.SetNamedPipeHandleState(
723            h, _winapi.PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE, None, None
724            )
725        return PipeConnection(h)
726
727#
728# Authentication stuff
729#
730
731MESSAGE_LENGTH = 20
732
733CHALLENGE = b'#CHALLENGE#'
734WELCOME = b'#WELCOME#'
735FAILURE = b'#FAILURE#'
736
737def deliver_challenge(connection, authkey):
738    import hmac
739    if not isinstance(authkey, bytes):
740        raise ValueError(
741            "Authkey must be bytes, not {0!s}".format(type(authkey)))
742    message = os.urandom(MESSAGE_LENGTH)
743    connection.send_bytes(CHALLENGE + message)
744    digest = hmac.new(authkey, message, 'md5').digest()
745    response = connection.recv_bytes(256)        # reject large message
746    if response == digest:
747        connection.send_bytes(WELCOME)
748    else:
749        connection.send_bytes(FAILURE)
750        raise AuthenticationError('digest received was wrong')
751
752def answer_challenge(connection, authkey):
753    import hmac
754    if not isinstance(authkey, bytes):
755        raise ValueError(
756            "Authkey must be bytes, not {0!s}".format(type(authkey)))
757    message = connection.recv_bytes(256)         # reject large message
758    assert message[:len(CHALLENGE)] == CHALLENGE, 'message = %r' % message
759    message = message[len(CHALLENGE):]
760    digest = hmac.new(authkey, message, 'md5').digest()
761    connection.send_bytes(digest)
762    response = connection.recv_bytes(256)        # reject large message
763    if response != WELCOME:
764        raise AuthenticationError('digest sent was rejected')
765
766#
767# Support for using xmlrpclib for serialization
768#
769
770class ConnectionWrapper(object):
771    def __init__(self, conn, dumps, loads):
772        self._conn = conn
773        self._dumps = dumps
774        self._loads = loads
775        for attr in ('fileno', 'close', 'poll', 'recv_bytes', 'send_bytes'):
776            obj = getattr(conn, attr)
777            setattr(self, attr, obj)
778    def send(self, obj):
779        s = self._dumps(obj)
780        self._conn.send_bytes(s)
781    def recv(self):
782        s = self._conn.recv_bytes()
783        return self._loads(s)
784
785def _xml_dumps(obj):
786    return xmlrpclib.dumps((obj,), None, None, None, 1).encode('utf-8')
787
788def _xml_loads(s):
789    (obj,), method = xmlrpclib.loads(s.decode('utf-8'))
790    return obj
791
792class XmlListener(Listener):
793    def accept(self):
794        global xmlrpclib
795        import xmlrpc.client as xmlrpclib
796        obj = Listener.accept(self)
797        return ConnectionWrapper(obj, _xml_dumps, _xml_loads)
798
799def XmlClient(*args, **kwds):
800    global xmlrpclib
801    import xmlrpc.client as xmlrpclib
802    return ConnectionWrapper(Client(*args, **kwds), _xml_dumps, _xml_loads)
803
804#
805# Wait
806#
807
808if sys.platform == 'win32':
809
810    def _exhaustive_wait(handles, timeout):
811        # Return ALL handles which are currently signalled.  (Only
812        # returning the first signalled might create starvation issues.)
813        L = list(handles)
814        ready = []
815        while L:
816            res = _winapi.WaitForMultipleObjects(L, False, timeout)
817            if res == WAIT_TIMEOUT:
818                break
819            elif WAIT_OBJECT_0 <= res < WAIT_OBJECT_0 + len(L):
820                res -= WAIT_OBJECT_0
821            elif WAIT_ABANDONED_0 <= res < WAIT_ABANDONED_0 + len(L):
822                res -= WAIT_ABANDONED_0
823            else:
824                raise RuntimeError('Should not get here')
825            ready.append(L[res])
826            L = L[res+1:]
827            timeout = 0
828        return ready
829
830    _ready_errors = {_winapi.ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE, _winapi.ERROR_NETNAME_DELETED}
831
832    def wait(object_list, timeout=None):
833        '''
834        Wait till an object in object_list is ready/readable.
835
836        Returns list of those objects in object_list which are ready/readable.
837        '''
838        if timeout is None:
839            timeout = INFINITE
840        elif timeout < 0:
841            timeout = 0
842        else:
843            timeout = int(timeout * 1000 + 0.5)
844
845        object_list = list(object_list)
846        waithandle_to_obj = {}
847        ov_list = []
848        ready_objects = set()
849        ready_handles = set()
850
851        try:
852            for o in object_list:
853                try:
854                    fileno = getattr(o, 'fileno')
855                except AttributeError:
856                    waithandle_to_obj[o.__index__()] = o
857                else:
858                    # start an overlapped read of length zero
859                    try:
860                        ov, err = _winapi.ReadFile(fileno(), 0, True)
861                    except OSError as e:
862                        ov, err = None, e.winerror
863                        if err not in _ready_errors:
864                            raise
865                    if err == _winapi.ERROR_IO_PENDING:
866                        ov_list.append(ov)
867                        waithandle_to_obj[ov.event] = o
868                    else:
869                        # If o.fileno() is an overlapped pipe handle and
870                        # err == 0 then there is a zero length message
871                        # in the pipe, but it HAS NOT been consumed...
872                        if ov and sys.getwindowsversion()[:2] >= (6, 2):
873                            # ... except on Windows 8 and later, where
874                            # the message HAS been consumed.
875                            try:
876                                _, err = ov.GetOverlappedResult(False)
877                            except OSError as e:
878                                err = e.winerror
879                            if not err and hasattr(o, '_got_empty_message'):
880                                o._got_empty_message = True
881                        ready_objects.add(o)
882                        timeout = 0
883
884            ready_handles = _exhaustive_wait(waithandle_to_obj.keys(), timeout)
885        finally:
886            # request that overlapped reads stop
887            for ov in ov_list:
888                ov.cancel()
889
890            # wait for all overlapped reads to stop
891            for ov in ov_list:
892                try:
893                    _, err = ov.GetOverlappedResult(True)
894                except OSError as e:
895                    err = e.winerror
896                    if err not in _ready_errors:
897                        raise
898                if err != _winapi.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
899                    o = waithandle_to_obj[ov.event]
900                    ready_objects.add(o)
901                    if err == 0:
902                        # If o.fileno() is an overlapped pipe handle then
903                        # a zero length message HAS been consumed.
904                        if hasattr(o, '_got_empty_message'):
905                            o._got_empty_message = True
906
907        ready_objects.update(waithandle_to_obj[h] for h in ready_handles)
908        return [o for o in object_list if o in ready_objects]
909
910else:
911
912    import selectors
913
914    # poll/select have the advantage of not requiring any extra file
915    # descriptor, contrarily to epoll/kqueue (also, they require a single
916    # syscall).
917    if hasattr(selectors, 'PollSelector'):
918        _WaitSelector = selectors.PollSelector
919    else:
920        _WaitSelector = selectors.SelectSelector
921
922    def wait(object_list, timeout=None):
923        '''
924        Wait till an object in object_list is ready/readable.
925
926        Returns list of those objects in object_list which are ready/readable.
927        '''
928        with _WaitSelector() as selector:
929            for obj in object_list:
930                selector.register(obj, selectors.EVENT_READ)
931
932            if timeout is not None:
933                deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout
934
935            while True:
936                ready = selector.select(timeout)
937                if ready:
938                    return [key.fileobj for (key, events) in ready]
939                else:
940                    if timeout is not None:
941                        timeout = deadline - time.monotonic()
942                        if timeout < 0:
943                            return ready
944
945#
946# Make connection and socket objects sharable if possible
947#
948
949if sys.platform == 'win32':
950    def reduce_connection(conn):
951        handle = conn.fileno()
952        with socket.fromfd(handle, socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
953            from . import resource_sharer
954            ds = resource_sharer.DupSocket(s)
955            return rebuild_connection, (ds, conn.readable, conn.writable)
956    def rebuild_connection(ds, readable, writable):
957        sock = ds.detach()
958        return Connection(sock.detach(), readable, writable)
959    reduction.register(Connection, reduce_connection)
960
961    def reduce_pipe_connection(conn):
962        access = ((_winapi.FILE_GENERIC_READ if conn.readable else 0) |
963                  (_winapi.FILE_GENERIC_WRITE if conn.writable else 0))
964        dh = reduction.DupHandle(conn.fileno(), access)
965        return rebuild_pipe_connection, (dh, conn.readable, conn.writable)
966    def rebuild_pipe_connection(dh, readable, writable):
967        handle = dh.detach()
968        return PipeConnection(handle, readable, writable)
969    reduction.register(PipeConnection, reduce_pipe_connection)
970
971else:
972    def reduce_connection(conn):
973        df = reduction.DupFd(conn.fileno())
974        return rebuild_connection, (df, conn.readable, conn.writable)
975    def rebuild_connection(df, readable, writable):
976        fd = df.detach()
977        return Connection(fd, readable, writable)
978    reduction.register(Connection, reduce_connection)
979