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1 /*
2 ** 2001-09-15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13 ** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14 ** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15 ** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16 ** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17 **
18 ** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19 ** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20 ** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21 ** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22 ** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23 **
24 ** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25 ** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26 ** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27 **
28 ** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29 ** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30 ** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31 ** part of the build process.
32 */
33 #ifndef SQLITE3_H
34 #define SQLITE3_H
35 #include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36 
37 /*
38 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39 */
40 #ifdef __cplusplus
41 extern "C" {
42 #endif
43 
44 
45 /*
46 ** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47 */
48 #ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49 # define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50 #endif
51 #ifndef SQLITE_API
52 # define SQLITE_API
53 #endif
54 #ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55 # define SQLITE_CDECL
56 #endif
57 #ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58 # define SQLITE_APICALL
59 #endif
60 #ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61 # define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62 #endif
63 #ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64 # define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65 #endif
66 #ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67 # define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68 #endif
69 
70 /*
71 ** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72 ** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73 ** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74 ** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75 ** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76 **
77 ** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78 ** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79 ** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80 ** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81 ** noop macros.
82 */
83 #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84 #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85 
86 /*
87 ** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88 */
89 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90 # undef SQLITE_VERSION
91 #endif
92 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93 # undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94 #endif
95 
96 /*
97 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98 **
99 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100 ** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101 ** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102 ** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104 ** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105 ** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106 ** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107 ** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108 ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109 ** and Z will be reset to zero.
110 **
111 ** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112 ** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113 ** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114 ** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115 ** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116 ** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117 ** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118 ** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119 ** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120 ** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121 **
122 ** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123 ** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124 ** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125 */
126 #define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.32.2"
127 #define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3032002
128 #define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2021-07-12 15:00:17 bcd014c473794b09f61fbc0f4d9488365b023f16123b278dbbd49948c27c0fee"
129 
130 /*
131 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133 **
134 ** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136 ** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137 ** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138 ** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139 ** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140 ** compiled with matching library and header files.
141 **
142 ** <blockquote><pre>
143 ** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144 ** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145 ** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
147 **
148 ** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149 ** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150 ** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151 ** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152 ** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155 ** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156 ** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157 ** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158 ** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159 **
160 ** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161 */
162 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166 
167 /*
168 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169 **
170 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171 ** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172 ** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173 ** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174 **
175 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176 ** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177 ** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179 ** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181 **
182 ** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183 ** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185 **
186 ** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187 ** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188 */
189 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192 #else
193 # define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
194 # define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
195 #endif
196 
197 /*
198 ** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
199 **
200 ** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
201 ** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
202 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
203 **
204 ** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
205 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
206 ** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
207 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
208 ** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
209 ** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
210 **
211 ** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
212 ** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
213 ** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
214 ** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
215 **
216 ** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
217 ** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
218 ** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
219 **
220 ** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
221 ** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
222 ** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
223 ** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
224 ** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
225 ** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
226 ** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
227 ** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
228 ** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
229 ** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
230 **
231 ** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
232 */
233 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
234 
235 /*
236 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
237 ** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
238 **
239 ** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
240 ** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
241 ** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
242 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
243 ** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
244 ** interfaces (such as
245 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
246 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
247 ** sqlite3 object.
248 */
249 typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
250 
251 /*
252 ** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
253 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
254 **
255 ** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
256 ** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
257 **
258 ** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
259 ** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
260 ** compatibility only.
261 **
262 ** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
263 ** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
264 ** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
265 ** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
266 */
267 #ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
268   typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
269 # ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
270     typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
271 # else
272     typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
273 # endif
274 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
275   typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
276   typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
277 #else
278   typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
279   typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
280 #endif
281 typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
282 typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
283 
284 /*
285 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
286 ** substitute integer for floating-point.
287 */
288 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
289 # define double sqlite3_int64
290 #endif
291 
292 /*
293 ** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
294 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
295 **
296 ** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
297 ** for the [sqlite3] object.
298 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
299 ** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
300 ** resources are deallocated.
301 **
302 ** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
303 ** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
304 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
305 ** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
306 ** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
307 ** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
308 ** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
309 ** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
310 ** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
311 ** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
312 ** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
313 ** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
314 ** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
315 ** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
316 ** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
317 ** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
318 **
319 ** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
320 ** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
321 **
322 ** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
323 ** must be either a NULL
324 ** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
325 ** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
326 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
327 ** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
328 ** argument is a harmless no-op.
329 */
330 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
331 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
332 
333 /*
334 ** The type for a callback function.
335 ** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
336 ** compatibility and is not documented.
337 */
338 typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
339 
340 /*
341 ** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
342 ** METHOD: sqlite3
343 **
344 ** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
345 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
346 ** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
347 ** without having to use a lot of C code.
348 **
349 ** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
350 ** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
351 ** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
352 ** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
353 ** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
354 ** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
355 ** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
356 ** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
357 ** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
358 ** ignored.
359 **
360 ** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
361 ** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
362 ** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
363 ** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
364 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
365 ** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
366 ** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
367 ** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
368 ** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
369 ** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
370 ** NULL before returning.
371 **
372 ** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
373 ** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
374 ** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
375 **
376 ** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
377 ** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
378 ** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
379 ** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
380 ** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
381 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
382 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
383 ** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
384 ** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
385 **
386 ** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
387 ** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
388 ** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
389 ** is not changed.
390 **
391 ** Restrictions:
392 **
393 ** <ul>
394 ** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
395 **      is a valid and open [database connection].
396 ** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
397 **      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
398 ** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
399 **      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
400 ** </ul>
401 */
402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
403   sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
404   const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
405   int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
406   void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
407   char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
408 );
409 
410 /*
411 ** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
412 ** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
413 **
414 ** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
415 ** here in order to indicate success or failure.
416 **
417 ** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
418 **
419 ** See also: [extended result code definitions]
420 */
421 #define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
422 /* beginning-of-error-codes */
423 #define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
424 #define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
425 #define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
426 #define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
427 #define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
428 #define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
429 #define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
430 #define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
431 #define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
432 #define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
433 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
434 #define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
435 #define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
436 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
437 #define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
438 #define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
439 #define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
440 #define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
441 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
442 #define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
443 #define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
444 #define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
445 #define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
446 #define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
447 #define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
448 #define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
449 #define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
450 #define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
451 #define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
452 #define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
453 /* end-of-error-codes */
454 
455 /*
456 ** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
457 ** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
458 **
459 ** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
460 ** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
461 ** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
462 ** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
463 ** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
464 ** and later) include
465 ** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
466 ** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
467 ** on a per database connection basis using the
468 ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
469 ** the most recent error can be obtained using
470 ** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
471 */
472 #define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
473 #define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
474 #define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
475 #define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
476 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
477 #define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
478 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
479 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
480 #define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
481 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
482 #define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
483 #define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
484 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
485 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
486 #define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
487 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
488 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
489 #define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
490 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
491 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
492 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
493 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
494 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
495 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
496 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
497 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
498 #define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
499 #define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
500 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
501 #define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
502 #define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
503 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
504 #define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
505 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
506 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
507 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
508 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
509 #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
510 #define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
511 #define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
512 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
513 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
514 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
515 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
516 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
517 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
518 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
519 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
520 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
521 #define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
522 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
523 #define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
524 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
525 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
526 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
527 #define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
528 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
529 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
530 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
531 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
532 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
533 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
534 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
535 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
536 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
537 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
538 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
539 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
540 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
541 #define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
542 #define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
543 #define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
544 #define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8))
545 
546 /*
547 ** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
548 **
549 ** These bit values are intended for use in the
550 ** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
551 ** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
552 */
553 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
554 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
555 #define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
556 #define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
557 #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
558 #define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
559 #define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
560 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
561 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
562 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
563 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
564 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
565 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
566 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
567 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
568 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
569 #define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
570 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
571 #define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
572 #define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
573 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
574 
575 /* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
576 
577 /*
578 ** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
579 **
580 ** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
581 ** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
582 ** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
583 ** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
584 ** refers to.
585 **
586 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
587 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
588 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
589 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
590 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
591 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
592 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
593 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
594 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
595 ** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
596 ** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
597 ** file that were written at the application level might have changed
598 ** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
599 ** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
600 ** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
601 ** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
602 ** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
603 ** elevated privileges.
604 **
605 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
606 ** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
607 ** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
608 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
609 */
610 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
611 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
612 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
613 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
614 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
615 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
616 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
617 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
618 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
619 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
620 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
621 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
622 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
623 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
624 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
625 
626 /*
627 ** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
628 **
629 ** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
630 ** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
631 ** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
632 */
633 #define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
634 #define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
635 #define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
636 #define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
637 #define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
638 
639 /*
640 ** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
641 **
642 ** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
643 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
644 ** these integer values as the second argument.
645 **
646 ** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
647 ** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
648 ** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
649 ** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
650 ** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
651 ** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
652 **
653 ** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
654 ** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
655 ** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
656 ** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
657 ** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
658 ** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
659 ** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
660 ** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
661 ** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
662 ** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
663 ** cares about the difference.)
664 */
665 #define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
666 #define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
667 #define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
668 
669 /*
670 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
671 **
672 ** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
673 ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
674 ** implementations will
675 ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
676 ** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
677 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
678 ** I/O operations on the open file.
679 */
680 typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
681 struct sqlite3_file {
682   const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
683 };
684 
685 /*
686 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
687 **
688 ** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
689 ** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
690 ** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
691 ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
692 ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
693 **
694 ** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
695 ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
696 ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
697 ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
698 ** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
699 ** to NULL.
700 **
701 ** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
702 ** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
703 ** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
704 ** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
705 ** and not its inode needs to be synced.
706 **
707 ** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
708 ** <ul>
709 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
710 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
711 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
712 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
713 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
714 ** </ul>
715 ** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
716 ** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
717 ** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
718 ** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
719 ** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
720 **
721 ** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
722 ** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
723 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
724 ** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
725 ** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
726 ** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
727 ** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
728 ** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
729 ** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
730 ** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
731 ** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
732 ** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
733 ** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
734 ** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
735 ** recognize.
736 **
737 ** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
738 ** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
739 ** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
740 ** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
741 ** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
742 ** underlying device:
743 **
744 ** <ul>
745 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
746 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
747 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
748 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
749 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
750 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
751 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
752 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
753 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
754 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
755 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
756 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
757 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
758 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
759 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
760 ** </ul>
761 **
762 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
763 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
764 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
765 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
766 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
767 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
768 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
769 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
770 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
771 ** to xWrite().
772 **
773 ** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
774 ** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
775 ** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
776 ** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
777 ** database corruption.
778 */
779 typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
780 struct sqlite3_io_methods {
781   int iVersion;
782   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
783   int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
784   int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
785   int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
786   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
787   int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
788   int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
789   int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
790   int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
791   int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
792   int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
793   int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
794   /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
795   int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
796   int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
797   void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
798   int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
799   /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
800   int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
801   int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
802   /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
803   /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
804 };
805 
806 /*
807 ** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
808 ** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
809 **
810 ** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
811 ** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
812 ** interface.
813 **
814 ** <ul>
815 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
816 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
817 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
818 ** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
819 ** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
820 ** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
821 ** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
822 ** compile-time option is used.
823 **
824 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
825 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
826 ** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
827 ** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
828 ** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
829 ** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
830 ** file run faster.
831 **
832 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
833 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
834 ** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
835 ** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
836 ** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
837 ** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
838 ** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
839 ** pointed to is set to the new limit.
840 **
841 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
842 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
843 ** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
844 ** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
845 ** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
846 ** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
847 ** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
848 ** improve performance on some systems.
849 **
850 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
851 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
852 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
853 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
854 **
855 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
856 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
857 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
858 ** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
859 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
860 **
861 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
862 ** No longer in use.
863 **
864 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
865 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
866 ** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
867 ** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
868 ** because the user has configured SQLite with
869 ** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
870 ** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
871 ** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
872 ** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
873 ** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
874 ** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
875 ** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
876 ** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
877 **
878 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
879 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
880 ** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
881 ** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
882 ** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
883 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
884 ** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
885 **
886 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
887 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
888 ** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
889 ** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
890 ** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
891 ** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
892 ** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
893 ** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
894 ** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
895 ** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
896 ** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
897 ** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
898 ** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
899 ** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
900 ** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
901 ** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
902 **
903 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
904 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
905 ** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
906 ** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
907 ** files used for transaction control
908 ** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
909 ** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
910 ** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
911 ** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
912 ** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
913 ** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
914 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
915 ** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
916 ** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
917 ** WAL persistence setting.
918 **
919 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
920 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
921 ** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
922 ** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
923 ** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
924 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
925 ** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
926 ** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
927 ** zero-damage mode setting.
928 **
929 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
930 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
931 ** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
932 ** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
933 ** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
934 **
935 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
936 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
937 ** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
938 ** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
939 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
940 ** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
941 ** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
942 ** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
943 ** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
944 ** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
945 ** is intended for diagnostic use only.
946 **
947 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
948 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
949 ** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
950 ** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
951 ** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
952 ** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
953 ** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
954 ** upper-most shim only.
955 **
956 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
957 ** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
958 ** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
959 ** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
960 ** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
961 ** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
962 ** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
963 ** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
964 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
965 ** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
966 ** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
967 ** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
968 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
969 ** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
970 ** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
971 ** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
972 ** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
973 ** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
974 ** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
975 ** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
976 ** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
977 ** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
978 ** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
979 ** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
980 **
981 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
982 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
983 ** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
984 ** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
985 ** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
986 ** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
987 ** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
988 ** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
989 ** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
990 ** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
991 ** current operation.
992 **
993 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
994 ** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
995 ** to have SQLite generate a
996 ** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
997 ** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
998 ** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
999 ** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1000 ** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1001 **
1002 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1003 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1004 ** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1005 ** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1006 ** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1007 ** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1008 ** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1009 ** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1010 ** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1011 **
1012 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1013 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1014 ** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1015 ** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1016 ** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1017 ** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1018 ** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1019 **
1020 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1021 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1022 ** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1023 ** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1024 ** was first opened.
1025 **
1026 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1027 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1028 ** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1029 ** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1030 ** writes the resulting value there.
1031 **
1032 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1033 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1034 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1035 ** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1036 ** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1037 **
1038 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1039 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1040 ** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1041 ** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1042 ** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1043 ** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1044 **
1045 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1046 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1047 ** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1048 **
1049 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1050 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1051 ** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1052 ** this opcode.
1053 **
1054 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1055 ** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1056 ** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1057 ** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1058 ** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1059 ** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1060 ** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1061 ** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1062 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1063 ** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1064 ** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1065 ** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1066 **
1067 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1068 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1069 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1070 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1071 ** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1072 ** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1073 ** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1074 ** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1075 ** write operations are independent.
1076 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1077 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1078 **
1079 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1080 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1081 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1082 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1083 ** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1084 ** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1085 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1086 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1087 **
1088 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1089 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1090 ** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1091 ** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1092 ** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1093 ** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1094 ** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1095 **
1096 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1097 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1098 ** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1099 ** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1100 ** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1101 ** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1102 ** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1103 ** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1104 ** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1105 ** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1106 ** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1107 ** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1108 ** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1109 ** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1110 ** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1111 ** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1112 ** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1113 ** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1114 ** a particular attached database.
1115 **
1116 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1117 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1118 ** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1119 ** file to the database file.
1120 **
1121 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1122 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1123 ** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1124 ** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1125 ** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1126 ** </ul>
1127 */
1128 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1129 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1130 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1131 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1132 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1133 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1134 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1135 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1136 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1137 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1138 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1139 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1140 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1141 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1142 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1143 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1144 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1145 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1146 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1147 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1148 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1149 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1150 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1151 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1152 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1153 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1154 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1155 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1156 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1157 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1158 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1159 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1160 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1161 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1162 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1163 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1164 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1165 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1166 
1167 /* deprecated names */
1168 #define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1169 #define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1170 #define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1171 
1172 
1173 /*
1174 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1175 **
1176 ** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1177 ** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1178 ** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1179 ** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1180 **
1181 ** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1182 */
1183 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1184 
1185 /*
1186 ** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1187 **
1188 ** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1189 ** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1190 ** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1191 ** on some platforms.
1192 */
1193 typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1194 
1195 /*
1196 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1197 **
1198 ** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1199 ** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1200 ** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1201 ** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1202 **
1203 ** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1204 ** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1205 ** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1206 ** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1207 ** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1208 ** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1209 ** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1210 ** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1211 ** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1212 ** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1213 ** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1214 ** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1215 **
1216 ** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1217 ** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1218 ** a pathname in this VFS.
1219 **
1220 ** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1221 ** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1222 ** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1223 ** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1224 ** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1225 ** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1226 **
1227 ** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1228 ** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1229 ** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1230 ** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1231 ** object once the object has been registered.
1232 **
1233 ** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1234 ** be unique across all VFS modules.
1235 **
1236 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1237 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1238 ** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1239 ** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1240 ** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1241 ** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1242 ** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1243 ** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1244 ** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1245 ** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1246 ** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1247 ** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1248 ** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1249 ** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1250 ** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1251 ** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1252 **
1253 ** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1254 ** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1255 ** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1256 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1257 ** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1258 ** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1259 **
1260 ** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1261 ** call, depending on the object being opened:
1262 **
1263 ** <ul>
1264 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1265 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1266 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1267 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1268 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1269 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1270 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1271 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1272 ** </ul>)^
1273 **
1274 ** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1275 ** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1276 ** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1277 ** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1278 ** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1279 ** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1280 ** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1281 ** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1282 **
1283 ** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1284 **
1285 ** <ul>
1286 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1287 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1288 ** </ul>
1289 **
1290 ** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1291 ** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1292 ** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1293 ** databases, and subjournals.
1294 **
1295 ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1296 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1297 ** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1298 ** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1299 ** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1300 ** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1301 ** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1302 ** for exclusive access.
1303 **
1304 ** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1305 ** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1306 ** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1307 ** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1308 ** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1309 ** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1310 ** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1311 ** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1312 ** or failure of the xOpen call.
1313 **
1314 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1315 ** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1316 ** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1317 ** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1318 ** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1319 ** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1320 ** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1321 ** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1322 ** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1323 ** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1324 ** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1325 ** whether or not the file is accessible.
1326 **
1327 ** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1328 ** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1329 ** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1330 ** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1331 ** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1332 ** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1333 **
1334 ** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1335 ** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1336 ** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1337 ** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1338 ** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1339 ** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1340 ** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1341 ** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1342 ** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1343 ** a floating point value.
1344 ** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1345 ** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1346 ** a 24-hour day).
1347 ** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1348 ** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1349 ** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1350 ** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1351 **
1352 ** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1353 ** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1354 ** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1355 ** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1356 ** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1357 ** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1358 ** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1359 ** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1360 ** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1361 ** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1362 ** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1363 */
1364 typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1365 typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1366 struct sqlite3_vfs {
1367   int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1368   int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1369   int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1370   sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1371   const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1372   void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1373   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1374                int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1375   int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1376   int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1377   int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1378   void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1379   void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1380   void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1381   void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1382   int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1383   int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1384   int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1385   int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1386   /*
1387   ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1388   ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1389   */
1390   int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1391   /*
1392   ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1393   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1394   */
1395   int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1396   sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1397   const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1398   /*
1399   ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1400   ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1401   ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1402   */
1403 };
1404 
1405 /*
1406 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1407 **
1408 ** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1409 ** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1410 ** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1411 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1412 ** simply checks whether the file exists.
1413 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1414 ** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1415 ** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1416 ** the directory).
1417 ** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1418 ** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1419 ** release of SQLite.
1420 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1421 ** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1422 ** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1423 ** SQLite.
1424 */
1425 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1426 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1427 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1428 
1429 /*
1430 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1431 **
1432 ** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1433 ** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1434 ** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1435 ** xShmLock method:
1436 **
1437 ** <ul>
1438 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1439 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1440 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1441 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1442 ** </ul>
1443 **
1444 ** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1445 ** was given on the corresponding lock.
1446 **
1447 ** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1448 ** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1449 ** and EXCLUSIVE.
1450 */
1451 #define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1452 #define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1453 #define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1454 #define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1455 
1456 /*
1457 ** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1458 **
1459 ** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1460 ** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1461 ** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1462 ** lock outside of this range
1463 */
1464 #define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1465 
1466 
1467 /*
1468 ** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1469 **
1470 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1471 ** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1472 ** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1473 ** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1474 ** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1475 ** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1476 **
1477 ** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1478 ** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1479 ** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1480 ** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1481 ** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1482 ** are harmless no-ops.)^
1483 **
1484 ** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1485 ** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1486 ** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1487 ** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1488 **
1489 ** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1490 ** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1491 ** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1492 ** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1493 ** sqlite3_shutdown().
1494 **
1495 ** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1496 ** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1497 ** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1498 **
1499 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1500 ** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1501 ** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1502 ** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1503 **
1504 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1505 ** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1506 ** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1507 ** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1508 ** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1509 ** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1510 ** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1511 ** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1512 ** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1513 ** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1514 ** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1515 ** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1516 ** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1517 ** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1518 **
1519 ** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1520 ** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1521 ** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1522 ** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1523 ** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1524 ** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1525 ** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1526 **
1527 ** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1528 ** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1529 ** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1530 ** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1531 ** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1532 ** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1533 ** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1534 ** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1535 ** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1536 ** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1537 ** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1538 ** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1539 ** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1540 ** failure.
1541 */
1542 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1543 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1544 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1545 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1546 
1547 /*
1548 ** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1549 **
1550 ** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1551 ** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1552 ** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1553 ** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1554 ** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1555 **
1556 ** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1557 ** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1558 ** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1559 **
1560 ** The sqlite3_config() interface
1561 ** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1562 ** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1563 ** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1564 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1565 ** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1566 ** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1567 **
1568 ** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1569 ** [configuration option] that determines
1570 ** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1571 ** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1572 ** in the first argument.
1573 **
1574 ** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1575 ** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1576 ** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1577 */
1578 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1579 
1580 /*
1581 ** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1582 ** METHOD: sqlite3
1583 **
1584 ** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1585 ** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1586 ** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1587 ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1588 **
1589 ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1590 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1591 ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1592 ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1593 **
1594 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1595 ** the call is considered successful.
1596 */
1597 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1598 
1599 /*
1600 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1601 **
1602 ** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1603 ** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1604 **
1605 ** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1606 ** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1607 ** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1608 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1609 ** By creating an instance of this object
1610 ** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1611 ** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1612 ** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1613 ** dynamic memory needs.
1614 **
1615 ** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1616 ** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1617 ** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1618 ** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1619 ** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1620 ** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1621 ** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1622 ** conditions.
1623 **
1624 ** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1625 ** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1626 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1627 ** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1628 **
1629 ** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1630 ** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1631 ** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1632 **
1633 ** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1634 ** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1635 ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1636 ** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1637 ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1638 ** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1639 ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1640 **
1641 ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1642 ** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1643 ** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1644 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1645 ** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1646 ** xInit and xShutdown.
1647 **
1648 ** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1649 ** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1650 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1651 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1652 ** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1653 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1654 ** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1655 ** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1656 ** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1657 ** serialization.
1658 **
1659 ** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1660 ** call to xShutdown().
1661 */
1662 typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1663 struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1664   void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1665   void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1666   void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1667   int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1668   int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1669   int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1670   void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1671   void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1672 };
1673 
1674 /*
1675 ** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1676 ** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1677 **
1678 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1679 ** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1680 **
1681 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1682 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1683 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1684 ** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1685 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1686 ** is invoked.
1687 **
1688 ** <dl>
1689 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1690 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1691 ** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1692 ** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1693 ** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1694 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1695 ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1696 ** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1697 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1698 ** configuration option.</dd>
1699 **
1700 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1701 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1702 ** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1703 ** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1704 ** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1705 ** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1706 ** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1707 ** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1708 ** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1709 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1710 ** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1711 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1712 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1713 **
1714 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1715 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1716 ** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1717 ** all mutexes including the recursive
1718 ** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1719 ** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1720 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1721 ** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1722 ** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1723 ** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1724 ** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1725 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1726 ** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1727 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1728 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1729 **
1730 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1731 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1732 ** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1733 ** The argument specifies
1734 ** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1735 ** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1736 ** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1737 ** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1738 **
1739 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1740 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1741 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1742 ** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1743 ** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1744 ** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1745 ** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1746 ** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1747 **
1748 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1749 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1750 ** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1751 ** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1752 ** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1753 ** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1754 ** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1755 ** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1756 ** </dd>
1757 **
1758 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1759 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1760 ** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1761 ** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1762 ** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1763 **   <ul>
1764 **   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1765 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1766 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1767 **   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1768 **   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1769 **   </ul>)^
1770 ** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1771 ** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1772 ** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1773 ** </dd>
1774 **
1775 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1776 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1777 ** </dd>
1778 **
1779 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1780 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1781 ** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1782 ** cache implementation.
1783 ** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1784 ** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1785 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1786 ** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1787 ** and the number of cache lines (N).
1788 ** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1789 ** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1790 ** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1791 ** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1792 ** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1793 ** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1794 ** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1795 ** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1796 ** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1797 ** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1798 ** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1799 ** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1800 ** is exhausted.
1801 ** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1802 ** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1803 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1804 ** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1805 ** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1806 ** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1807 ** additional cache line. </dd>
1808 **
1809 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1810 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1811 ** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1812 ** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1813 ** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1814 ** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1815 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1816 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1817 ** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1818 ** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1819 ** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1820 ** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1821 ** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1822 ** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1823 ** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1824 ** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1825 ** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1826 ** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1827 ** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1828 **
1829 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1830 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1831 ** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1832 ** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1833 ** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1834 ** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1835 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1836 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1837 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1838 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1839 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1840 **
1841 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1842 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1843 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1844 ** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1845 ** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1846 ** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1847 ** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1848 ** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1849 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1850 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1851 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1852 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1853 **
1854 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1855 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1856 ** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1857 ** The first argument is the
1858 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1859 ** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1860 ** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1861 ** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1862 ** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1863 **
1864 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1865 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1866 ** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1867 ** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1868 ** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1869 **
1870 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1871 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1872 ** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1873 ** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1874 **
1875 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1876 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1877 ** global [error log].
1878 ** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1879 ** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1880 ** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1881 ** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1882 ** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1883 ** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1884 ** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1885 ** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1886 ** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1887 ** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1888 ** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1889 ** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1890 ** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1891 ** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1892 ** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1893 ** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1894 **
1895 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1896 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1897 ** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1898 ** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1899 ** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1900 ** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1901 ** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1902 ** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1903 ** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1904 ** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1905 ** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1906 ** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1907 ** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1908 **
1909 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1910 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1911 ** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1912 ** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1913 ** ^The default setting is determined
1914 ** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1915 ** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1916 ** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1917 ** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1918 ** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1919 ** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1920 ** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1921 **
1922 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1923 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1924 ** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1925 ** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1926 ** </dd>
1927 **
1928 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1929 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1930 ** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1931 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1932 ** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1933 ** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1934 ** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1935 ** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1936 ** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1937 ** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1938 ** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1939 ** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1940 ** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1941 ** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1942 ** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1943 ** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1944 **
1945 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1946 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1947 ** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1948 ** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1949 ** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1950 ** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1951 ** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1952 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1953 ** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1954 ** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1955 ** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1956 ** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1957 ** changed to its compile-time default.
1958 **
1959 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1960 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1961 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1962 ** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1963 ** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1964 ** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1965 **
1966 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1967 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1968 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1969 ** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1970 ** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1971 ** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1972 ** target platform, and SQLite version.
1973 **
1974 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1975 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1976 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1977 ** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1978 ** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1979 ** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1980 ** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1981 ** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1982 ** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1983 ** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1984 **
1985 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1986 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1987 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1988 ** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1989 ** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1990 ** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1991 ** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1992 ** exclusively in memory.
1993 ** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1994 ** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1995 ** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1996 ** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1997 ** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1998 **
1999 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2000 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2001 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2002 ** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2003 ** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2004 ** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2005 ** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2006 ** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2007 ** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2008 ** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2009 ** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2010 ** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2011 ** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
2012 ** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2013 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2014 **
2015 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2016 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2017 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2018 ** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2019 ** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2020 ** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2021 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2022 ** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2023 ** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2024 ** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2025 ** </dl>
2026 */
2027 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2028 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2029 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2030 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2031 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2032 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2033 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2034 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2035 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2036 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2037 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2038 /* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2039 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2040 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2041 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2042 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2043 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2044 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2045 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2046 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2047 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2048 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2049 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2050 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2051 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2052 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2053 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2054 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2055 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2056 
2057 /*
2058 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2059 **
2060 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2061 ** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2062 **
2063 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2064 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2065 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2066 ** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2067 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2068 ** is invoked.
2069 **
2070 ** <dl>
2071 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2072 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2073 ** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2074 ** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2075 ** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2076 ** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2077 ** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2078 ** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2079 ** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2080 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2081 ** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2082 ** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2083 ** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2084 ** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2085 ** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2086 ** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2087 ** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2088 ** when the "current value" returned by
2089 ** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2090 ** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2091 ** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2092 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2093 **
2094 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2095 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2096 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2097 ** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2098 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2099 ** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2100 ** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2101 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2102 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2103 ** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2104 **
2105 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2106 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2107 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2108 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2109 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2110 ** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2111 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2112 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2113 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2114 ** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
2115 **
2116 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2117 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2118 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2119 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2120 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2121 ** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2122 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2123 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2124 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2125 ** which case the view setting is not reported back. </dd>
2126 **
2127 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2128 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2129 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2130 ** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2131 ** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2132 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2133 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2134 ** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2135 ** unchanged.
2136 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2137 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2138 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2139 ** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2140 **
2141 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2142 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2143 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2144 ** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2145 ** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2146 ** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2147 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2148 ** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2149 ** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2150 ** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2151 ** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2152 ** C-API or the SQL function.
2153 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2154 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2155 ** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2156 ** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2157 ** </dd>
2158 **
2159 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2160 ** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2161 ** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2162 ** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2163 ** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2164 ** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2165 ** until after the database connection closes.
2166 ** </dd>
2167 **
2168 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2169 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2170 ** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2171 ** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2172 ** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2173 ** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2174 ** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2175 ** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2176 ** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2177 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2178 ** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2179 ** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2180 ** </dd>
2181 **
2182 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2183 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2184 ** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2185 ** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2186 ** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2187 ** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2188 ** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2189 ** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2190 ** was used during testing in the lab.
2191 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2192 ** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2193 ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2194 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2195 ** following this call.
2196 ** </dd>
2197 **
2198 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2199 ** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2200 ** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2201 ** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2202 ** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2203 ** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2204 ** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2205 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2206 ** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2207 ** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2208 ** </dd>
2209 **
2210 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2211 ** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2212 ** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2213 ** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2214 ** a badly corrupted database file:
2215 ** <ol>
2216 ** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2217 **      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2218 **      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2219 **      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2220 **      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2221 **      the reset.
2222 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2223 ** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2224 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2225 ** </ol>
2226 ** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2227 ** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2228 ** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2229 **
2230 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2231 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2232 ** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2233 ** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2234 ** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2235 ** features include but are not limited to the following:
2236 ** <ul>
2237 ** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2238 ** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2239 ** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2240 ** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2241 ** </ul>
2242 ** </dd>
2243 **
2244 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2245 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2246 ** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2247 ** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2248 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2249 ** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2250 ** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2251 ** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2252 ** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2253 ** </dd>
2254 **
2255 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2256 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2257 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2258 ** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2259 ** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2260 ** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2261 ** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2262 ** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2263 ** </dd>
2264 **
2265 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2266 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2267 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2268 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2269 ** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2270 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2271 ** compile-time option.
2272 ** </dd>
2273 **
2274 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2275 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2276 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2277 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2278 ** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2279 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2280 ** compile-time option.
2281 ** </dd>
2282 **
2283 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2284 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</td>
2285 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2286 ** assume that database schemas (the contents of the [sqlite_master] tables)
2287 ** are untainted by malicious content.
2288 ** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2289 ** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2290 ** including:
2291 ** <ul>
2292 ** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2293 ** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2294 ** partial indexes, or generated columns
2295 ** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2296 ** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2297 ** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2298 ** </ul>
2299 ** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2300 ** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2301 ** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2302 ** </dd>
2303 **
2304 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2305 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2306 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2307 ** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2308 ** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2309 ** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2310 ** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2311 ** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2312 ** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2313 ** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2314 ** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2315 ** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2316 ** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2317 ** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2318 ** 3.0.0.
2319 ** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2320 ** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2321 ** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2322 ** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2323 ** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2324 ** </dd>
2325 ** </dl>
2326 */
2327 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2328 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2329 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2330 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2331 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2332 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2333 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2334 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2335 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2336 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2337 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2338 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2339 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2340 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2341 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2342 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2343 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2344 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2345 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1017 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2346 
2347 /*
2348 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2349 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2350 **
2351 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2352 ** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2353 ** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2354 */
2355 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2356 
2357 /*
2358 ** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2359 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2360 **
2361 ** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2362 ** has a unique 64-bit signed
2363 ** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2364 ** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2365 ** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2366 ** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2367 ** is another alias for the rowid.
2368 **
2369 ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2370 ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2371 ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2372 ** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2373 ** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2374 ** zero.
2375 **
2376 ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2377 ** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2378 ** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2379 **
2380 ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2381 ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2382 ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2383 ** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2384 ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2385 ** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2386 ** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2387 ** control to the user.
2388 **
2389 ** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2390 ** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2391 ** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2392 ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2393 **
2394 ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2395 ** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2396 ** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2397 ** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2398 ** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2399 ** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2400 ** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2401 ** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2402 ** the return value of this interface.)^
2403 **
2404 ** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2405 ** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2406 **
2407 ** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2408 ** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2409 **
2410 ** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2411 ** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2412 ** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2413 ** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2414 ** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2415 ** last insert [rowid].
2416 */
2417 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2418 
2419 /*
2420 ** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2421 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2422 **
2423 ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2424 ** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2425 ** without inserting a row into the database.
2426 */
2427 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2428 
2429 /*
2430 ** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2431 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2432 **
2433 ** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2434 ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2435 ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2436 ** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2437 ** returned by this function.
2438 **
2439 ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2440 ** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2441 ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2442 **
2443 ** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2444 ** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2445 ** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2446 ** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2447 ** tables are counted.
2448 **
2449 ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2450 ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2451 ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2452 ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2453 **
2454 ** <ul>
2455 **   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2456 **        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2457 **        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2458 **
2459 **   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2460 **        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2461 **        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2462 **        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2463 **        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2464 ** </ul>
2465 **
2466 ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2467 ** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2468 ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2469 ** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2470 ** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2471 ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2472 **
2473 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2474 ** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2475 ** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2476 **
2477 ** See also:
2478 ** <ul>
2479 ** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2480 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2481 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2482 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2483 ** </ul>
2484 */
2485 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2486 
2487 /*
2488 ** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2489 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2490 **
2491 ** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2492 ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2493 ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2494 ** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2495 ** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2496 **
2497 ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2498 ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2499 ** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2500 ** are not counted.
2501 **
2502 ** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2503 ** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2504 ** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2505 ** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2506 ** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2507 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2508 **
2509 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2510 ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2511 ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2512 **
2513 ** See also:
2514 ** <ul>
2515 ** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2516 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2517 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2518 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2519 ** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2520 ** </ul>
2521 */
2522 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2523 
2524 /*
2525 ** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2526 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2527 **
2528 ** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2529 ** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2530 ** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2531 ** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2532 ** immediately.
2533 **
2534 ** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2535 ** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2536 ** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2537 ** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2538 **
2539 ** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2540 ** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2541 ** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2542 **
2543 ** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2544 ** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2545 ** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2546 ** will be rolled back automatically.
2547 **
2548 ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2549 ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2550 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2551 ** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2552 ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2553 ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2554 ** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2555 ** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2556 ** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2557 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2558 */
2559 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2560 
2561 /*
2562 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2563 **
2564 ** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2565 ** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2566 ** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2567 ** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2568 ** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2569 ** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2570 ** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2571 ** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2572 ** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2573 ** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2574 ** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2575 **
2576 ** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2577 ** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2578 **
2579 ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2580 ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2581 **
2582 ** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2583 ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2584 ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2585 ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2586 ** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2587 **
2588 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2589 ** UTF-8 string.
2590 **
2591 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2592 ** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2593 */
2594 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2595 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2596 
2597 /*
2598 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2599 ** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2600 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2601 **
2602 ** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2603 ** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2604 ** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2605 ** [database connection] D when another thread
2606 ** or process has the table locked.
2607 ** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2608 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2609 **
2610 ** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2611 ** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2612 ** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2613 **
2614 ** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2615 ** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2616 ** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2617 ** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2618 ** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2619 ** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2620 ** to the application.
2621 ** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2622 ** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2623 **
2624 ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2625 ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2626 ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2627 ** to the application instead of invoking the
2628 ** busy handler.
2629 ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2630 ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2631 ** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2632 ** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2633 ** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2634 ** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2635 ** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2636 ** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2637 ** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2638 ** the second process to proceed.
2639 **
2640 ** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2641 **
2642 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2643 ** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2644 ** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2645 ** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2646 ** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2647 **
2648 ** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2649 ** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2650 ** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2651 ** result in undefined behavior.
2652 **
2653 ** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2654 ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2655 */
2656 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2657 
2658 /*
2659 ** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2660 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2661 **
2662 ** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2663 ** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2664 ** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2665 ** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2666 ** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2667 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2668 **
2669 ** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2670 ** turns off all busy handlers.
2671 **
2672 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2673 ** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2674 ** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2675 ** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2676 **
2677 ** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2678 */
2679 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2680 
2681 /*
2682 ** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2683 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2684 **
2685 ** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2686 ** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2687 **
2688 ** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2689 ** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2690 ** complete query results from one or more queries.
2691 **
2692 ** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2693 ** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2694 ** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2695 ** and M be the number of columns.
2696 **
2697 ** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2698 ** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2699 ** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2700 ** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2701 ** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2702 ** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2703 **
2704 ** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2705 ** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2706 ** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2707 **
2708 ** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2709 ** is as follows:
2710 **
2711 ** <blockquote><pre>
2712 **        Name        | Age
2713 **        -----------------------
2714 **        Alice       | 43
2715 **        Bob         | 28
2716 **        Cindy       | 21
2717 ** </pre></blockquote>
2718 **
2719 ** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2720 ** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2721 ** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2722 **
2723 ** <blockquote><pre>
2724 **        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2725 **        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2726 **        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2727 **        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2728 **        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2729 **        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2730 **        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2731 **        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2732 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
2733 **
2734 ** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2735 ** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2736 ** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2737 ** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2738 **
2739 ** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2740 ** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2741 ** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2742 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2743 ** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2744 ** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2745 **
2746 ** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2747 ** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2748 ** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2749 ** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2750 ** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2751 ** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2752 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2753 */
2754 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
2755   sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2756   const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2757   char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2758   int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2759   int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2760   char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2761 );
2762 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2763 
2764 /*
2765 ** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2766 **
2767 ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2768 ** from the standard C library.
2769 ** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2770 ** the standard library printf()
2771 ** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2772 ** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2773 **
2774 ** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2775 ** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2776 ** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2777 ** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2778 ** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2779 ** memory to hold the resulting string.
2780 **
2781 ** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2782 ** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2783 ** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2784 ** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2785 ** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2786 ** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2787 ** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2788 ** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2789 ** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2790 ** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2791 ** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2792 ** now without breaking compatibility.
2793 **
2794 ** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2795 ** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2796 ** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2797 ** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2798 ** written will be n-1 characters.
2799 **
2800 ** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2801 **
2802 ** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2803 */
2804 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2805 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2806 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2807 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2808 
2809 /*
2810 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2811 **
2812 ** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2813 ** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2814 ** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
2815 ** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2816 **
2817 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2818 ** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2819 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2820 ** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2821 ** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2822 ** a NULL pointer.
2823 **
2824 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2825 ** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2826 ** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2827 **
2828 ** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2829 ** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2830 ** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2831 ** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2832 ** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2833 ** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2834 ** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2835 ** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2836 ** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2837 ** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2838 **
2839 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2840 ** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2841 ** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2842 ** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2843 ** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2844 ** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2845 ** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2846 ** sqlite3_free(X).
2847 ** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2848 ** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2849 ** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2850 ** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2851 ** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2852 ** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2853 ** prior allocation is not freed.
2854 **
2855 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2856 ** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2857 ** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2858 **
2859 ** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2860 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2861 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2862 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2863 ** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2864 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2865 ** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2866 ** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2867 ** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2868 **
2869 ** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2870 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2871 ** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2872 ** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2873 ** option is used.
2874 **
2875 ** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2876 ** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2877 ** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2878 ** not yet been released.
2879 **
2880 ** The application must not read or write any part of
2881 ** a block of memory after it has been released using
2882 ** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2883 */
2884 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2885 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2886 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2887 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2888 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
2889 SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2890 
2891 /*
2892 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2893 **
2894 ** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2895 ** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2896 ** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2897 **
2898 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2899 ** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2900 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2901 ** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2902 ** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2903 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2904 ** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2905 ** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2906 ** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2907 **
2908 ** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2909 ** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2910 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2911 ** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2912 ** prior to the reset.
2913 */
2914 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2915 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2916 
2917 /*
2918 ** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2919 **
2920 ** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2921 ** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2922 ** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2923 ** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2924 ** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2925 **
2926 ** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2927 ** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2928 **
2929 ** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2930 ** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2931 ** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2932 ** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2933 ** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2934 ** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2935 ** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2936 ** method.
2937 */
2938 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2939 
2940 /*
2941 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2942 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2943 ** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2944 **
2945 ** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2946 ** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2947 ** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2948 ** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2949 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2950 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2951 ** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2952 ** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2953 ** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2954 ** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2955 ** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2956 ** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2957 ** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2958 ** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2959 ** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2960 ** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2961 **
2962 ** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2963 ** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2964 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2965 ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2966 ** access is denied.
2967 **
2968 ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2969 ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2970 ** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2971 ** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2972 ** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
2973 ** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
2974 ** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
2975 ** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
2976 **
2977 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2978 ** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2979 ** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2980 ** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2981 ** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2982 ** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2983 ** columns of a table.
2984 ** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
2985 ** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
2986 ** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
2987 ** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
2988 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2989 ** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2990 ** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2991 **
2992 ** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2993 ** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2994 ** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2995 ** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2996 ** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2997 ** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2998 ** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2999 ** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3000 ** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3001 ** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3002 **
3003 ** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3004 ** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3005 ** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3006 ** in addition to using an authorizer.
3007 **
3008 ** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3009 ** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3010 ** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3011 ** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3012 **
3013 ** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3014 ** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3015 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3016 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3017 **
3018 ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3019 ** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3020 ** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3021 ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3022 **
3023 ** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3024 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3025 ** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3026 ** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3027 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3028 */
3029 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3030   sqlite3*,
3031   int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3032   void *pUserData
3033 );
3034 
3035 /*
3036 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3037 **
3038 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3039 ** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3040 ** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3041 ** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3042 ** information.
3043 **
3044 ** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3045 ** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3046 */
3047 #define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3048 #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3049 
3050 /*
3051 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3052 **
3053 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3054 ** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3055 ** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3056 ** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3057 ** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3058 **
3059 ** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3060 ** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3061 ** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3062 ** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3063 ** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3064 ** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3065 ** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3066 ** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3067 ** top-level SQL code.
3068 */
3069 /******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3070 #define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3071 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3072 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3073 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3074 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3075 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3076 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3077 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3078 #define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3079 #define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3080 #define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3081 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3082 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3083 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3084 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3085 #define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3086 #define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3087 #define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3088 #define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3089 #define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3090 #define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3091 #define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3092 #define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3093 #define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3094 #define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3095 #define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3096 #define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3097 #define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3098 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3099 #define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3100 #define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3101 #define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3102 #define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3103 #define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3104 
3105 /*
3106 ** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3107 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3108 **
3109 ** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3110 ** instead of the routines described here.
3111 **
3112 ** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3113 ** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3114 **
3115 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3116 ** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3117 ** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3118 ** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3119 ** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3120 ** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3121 ** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3122 **
3123 ** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3124 ** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3125 **
3126 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3127 ** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3128 ** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3129 ** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3130 ** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3131 ** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3132 ** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3133 ** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3134 ** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3135 ** profile callback.
3136 */
3137 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3138    void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3139 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3140    void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3141 
3142 /*
3143 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3144 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3145 **
3146 ** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3147 ** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3148 ** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3149 ** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3150 ** is one of the following constants.
3151 **
3152 ** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3153 **
3154 ** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3155 ** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3156 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3157 ** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3158 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3159 **
3160 ** <dl>
3161 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3162 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3163 ** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3164 ** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3165 ** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3166 ** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3167 ** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3168 ** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3169 ** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3170 ** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3171 ** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3172 **
3173 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3174 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3175 ** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3176 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3177 ** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3178 ** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3179 ** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3180 **
3181 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3182 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3183 ** statement generates a single row of result.
3184 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3185 ** X argument is unused.
3186 **
3187 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3188 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3189 ** connection closes.
3190 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3191 ** and the X argument is unused.
3192 ** </dl>
3193 */
3194 #define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3195 #define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3196 #define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3197 #define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3198 
3199 /*
3200 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3201 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3202 **
3203 ** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3204 ** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3205 ** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3206 ** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3207 ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3208 ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3209 **
3210 ** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3211 ** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3212 **
3213 ** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3214 ** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3215 ** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3216 ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3217 **
3218 ** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3219 ** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3220 ** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3221 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3222 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3223 **
3224 ** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3225 ** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3226 ** are deprecated.
3227 */
3228 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3229   sqlite3*,
3230   unsigned uMask,
3231   int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3232   void *pCtx
3233 );
3234 
3235 /*
3236 ** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3237 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3238 **
3239 ** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3240 ** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3241 ** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3242 ** database connection D.  An example use for this
3243 ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3244 **
3245 ** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3246 ** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3247 ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3248 ** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3249 ** handler is disabled.
3250 **
3251 ** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3252 ** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3253 ** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3254 ** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3255 ** than 1.
3256 **
3257 ** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3258 ** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3259 ** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3260 **
3261 ** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3262 ** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3263 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3264 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3265 **
3266 */
3267 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3268 
3269 /*
3270 ** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3271 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3272 **
3273 ** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3274 ** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3275 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3276 ** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3277 ** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3278 ** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3279 ** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3280 ** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3281 ** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3282 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3283 ** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3284 ** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3285 **
3286 ** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3287 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3288 ** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3289 **
3290 ** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3291 ** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3292 ** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3293 **
3294 ** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3295 ** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3296 ** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3297 ** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3298 ** three flag combinations:)^
3299 **
3300 ** <dl>
3301 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3302 ** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3303 ** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3304 **
3305 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3306 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3307 ** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3308 ** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3309 **
3310 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3311 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3312 ** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3313 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3314 ** </dl>
3315 **
3316 ** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3317 ** also supported:
3318 **
3319 ** <dl>
3320 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3321 ** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3322 **
3323 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3324 ** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3325 ** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3326 ** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3327 ** </dd>)^
3328 **
3329 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3330 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3331 ** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3332 ** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3333 ** a different [database connection].
3334 **
3335 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3336 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3337 ** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3338 ** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3339 ** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3340 ** there is no harm in trying.)
3341 **
3342 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3343 ** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3344 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3345 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3346 **
3347 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3348 ** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3349 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3350 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3351 **
3352 ** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3353 ** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to be a symbolic link</dd>
3354 ** </dl>)^
3355 **
3356 ** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3357 ** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3358 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3359 ** then the behavior is undefined.
3360 **
3361 ** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3362 ** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3363 ** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3364 ** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3365 **
3366 ** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3367 ** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3368 ** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3369 ** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3370 ** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3371 ** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3372 ** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3373 **
3374 ** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3375 ** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3376 ** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3377 **
3378 ** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3379 **
3380 ** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3381 ** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3382 ** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3383 ** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3384 ** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3385 ** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3386 ** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3387 ** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3388 ** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3389 ** information.
3390 **
3391 ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3392 ** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3393 ** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3394 ** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3395 ** present, is ignored.
3396 **
3397 ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3398 ** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3399 ** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3400 ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3401 ** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3402 ** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3403 ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3404 **
3405 ** [[core URI query parameters]]
3406 ** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3407 ** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3408 ** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3409 ** following query parameters:
3410 **
3411 ** <ul>
3412 **   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3413 **     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3414 **     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3415 **     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3416 **     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3417 **     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3418 **     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3419 **
3420 **   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3421 **     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3422 **     an error)^.
3423 **     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3424 **     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3425 **     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3426 **     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3427 **     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3428 **     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3429 **     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3430 **     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3431 **     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3432 **     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3433 **     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3434 **
3435 **   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3436 **     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3437 **     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3438 **     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3439 **     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3440 **     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3441 **     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3442 **     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3443 **
3444 **  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3445 **     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3446 **     storage media on which the database file resides.
3447 **
3448 **  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3449 **     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3450 **     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3451 **     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3452 **     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3453 **     processes uses nolock=1.
3454 **
3455 **  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3456 **     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3457 **     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3458 **     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3459 **     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3460 **     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3461 **     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3462 **     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3463 **     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3464 **
3465 ** </ul>
3466 **
3467 ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3468 ** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3469 ** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3470 ** additional information.
3471 **
3472 ** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3473 **
3474 ** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3475 ** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3476 ** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3477 **          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3478 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3479 **          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3480 **          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3481 **          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3482 ** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3483 **          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3484 ** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3485 **          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3486 **     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3487 **          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3488 **          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3489 **          in URI filenames.
3490 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3491 **          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3492 **          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3493 **          default, use a private cache.
3494 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3495 **          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3496 **          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3497 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3498 **          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3499 ** </table>
3500 **
3501 ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3502 ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3503 ** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3504 ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3505 ** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3506 ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3507 ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3508 ** the results are undefined.
3509 **
3510 ** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3511 ** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3512 ** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3513 ** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3514 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3515 **
3516 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3517 ** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3518 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3519 **
3520 ** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3521 */
3522 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3523   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3524   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3525 );
3526 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3527   const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3528   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3529 );
3530 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3531   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3532   sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3533   int flags,              /* Flags */
3534   const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3535 );
3536 
3537 /*
3538 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3539 **
3540 ** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
3541 ** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3542 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3543 **
3544 ** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
3545 ** as F) must be one of:
3546 ** <ul>
3547 ** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
3548 ** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
3549 ** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
3550 ** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
3551 ** </ul>
3552 ** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
3553 ** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
3554 ** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
3555 **
3556 ** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
3557 ** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
3558 ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3559 ** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3560 ** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
3561 ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3562 ** a pointer to an empty string.
3563 **
3564 ** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3565 ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3566 ** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3567 ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3568 ** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3569 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3570 ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3571 ** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3572 ** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
3573 ** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3574 **
3575 ** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3576 ** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3577 ** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3578 ** zero is returned.
3579 **
3580 ** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
3581 ** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
3582 ** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
3583 ** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
3584 ** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
3585 ** so forth.
3586 **
3587 ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3588 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3589 ** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
3590 ** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
3591 ** and probably undesirable.
3592 **
3593 ** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
3594 ** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
3595 ** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
3596 ** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
3597 ** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
3598 ** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
3599 ** main database file.
3600 **
3601 ** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3602 */
3603 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3604 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3605 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3606 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_key(const char *zFilename, int N);
3607 
3608 /*
3609 ** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
3610 **
3611 ** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
3612 ** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
3613 ** and the WAL file.
3614 **
3615 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3616 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
3617 ** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
3618 **
3619 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3620 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
3621 ** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
3622 ** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
3623 **
3624 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3625 ** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
3626 ** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
3627 ** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
3628 ** WAL file.
3629 **
3630 ** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
3631 ** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
3632 ** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
3633 ** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
3634 */
3635 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_database(const char*);
3636 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(const char*);
3637 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(const char*);
3638 
3639 /*
3640 ** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
3641 **
3642 ** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
3643 ** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
3644 ** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
3645 ** object that represents the main database file.
3646 **
3647 ** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
3648 ** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
3649 ** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
3650 ** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
3651 ** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
3652 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
3653 ** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
3654 ** behavior.
3655 */
3656 SQLITE_API sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
3657 
3658 /*
3659 ** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
3660 **
3661 ** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
3662 ** are not useful outside of that context.
3663 **
3664 ** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
3665 ** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
3666 ** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P.  The result from
3667 ** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
3668 ** is safe to pass to routines like:
3669 ** <ul>
3670 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
3671 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
3672 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
3673 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
3674 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
3675 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
3676 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
3677 ** </ul>
3678 ** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
3679 ** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
3680 ** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3681 **
3682 ** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
3683 ** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
3684 ** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
3685 ** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
3686 ** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
3687 ** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
3688 ** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
3689 **
3690 ** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
3691 ** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
3692 ** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
3693 **
3694 ** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
3695 ** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
3696 ** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
3697 ** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should be
3698 ** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
3699 ** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
3700 ** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
3701 ** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3702 */
3703 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_create_filename(
3704   const char *zDatabase,
3705   const char *zJournal,
3706   const char *zWal,
3707   int nParam,
3708   const char **azParam
3709 );
3710 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_filename(char*);
3711 
3712 /*
3713 ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3714 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3715 **
3716 ** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3717 ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3718 ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3719 ** API call.
3720 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3721 ** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3722 ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3723 ** disabled.
3724 **
3725 ** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3726 ** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3727 ** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3728 ** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3729 ** interfaces are:
3730 **
3731 ** <ul>
3732 ** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3733 ** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3734 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3735 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3736 ** </ul>
3737 **
3738 ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3739 ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3740 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3741 ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3742 ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3743 ** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3744 **
3745 ** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3746 ** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3747 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3748 ** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3749 **
3750 ** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3751 ** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3752 ** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3753 ** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3754 ** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3755 ** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3756 ** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3757 ** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3758 ** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3759 **
3760 ** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3761 ** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3762 ** error code and message may or may not be set.
3763 */
3764 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3765 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3766 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3767 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3768 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3769 
3770 /*
3771 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3772 ** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3773 **
3774 ** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3775 ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3776 **
3777 ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3778 ** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3779 ** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3780 ** prepared statement before it can be run.
3781 **
3782 ** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3783 **
3784 ** <ol>
3785 ** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3786 ** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3787 **      interfaces.
3788 ** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3789 ** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3790 **      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3791 ** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3792 ** </ol>
3793 */
3794 typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3795 
3796 /*
3797 ** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3798 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3799 **
3800 ** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3801 ** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3802 ** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3803 ** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3804 ** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3805 ** new limit for that construct.)^
3806 **
3807 ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3808 ** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3809 ** [limits | hard upper bound]
3810 ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3811 ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3812 ** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3813 ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3814 ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3815 **
3816 ** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3817 ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3818 ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3819 ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3820 **
3821 ** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3822 ** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3823 ** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3824 ** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3825 ** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3826 ** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3827 ** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3828 ** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3829 ** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3830 ** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3831 ** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3832 ** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3833 **
3834 ** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3835 */
3836 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3837 
3838 /*
3839 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3840 ** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3841 **
3842 ** These constants define various performance limits
3843 ** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3844 ** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3845 ** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3846 **
3847 ** <dl>
3848 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3849 ** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3850 **
3851 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3852 ** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3853 **
3854 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3855 ** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3856 ** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3857 ** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3858 **
3859 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3860 ** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3861 **
3862 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3863 ** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3864 **
3865 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3866 ** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3867 ** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3868 ** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3869 ** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3870 **
3871 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3872 ** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3873 **
3874 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3875 ** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3876 **
3877 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3878 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3879 ** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3880 ** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3881 **
3882 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3883 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3884 ** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3885 **
3886 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3887 ** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3888 **
3889 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3890 ** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3891 ** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3892 ** </dl>
3893 */
3894 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3895 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3896 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3897 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3898 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3899 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3900 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3901 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3902 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3903 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3904 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3905 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3906 
3907 /*
3908 ** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3909 **
3910 ** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3911 ** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3912 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3913 **
3914 ** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3915 **
3916 ** <dl>
3917 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3918 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3919 ** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3920 ** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3921 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3922 ** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3923 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3924 ** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3925 ** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3926 ** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3927 **
3928 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
3929 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
3930 ** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
3931 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
3932 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
3933 ** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
3934 ** flag.
3935 **
3936 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
3937 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
3938 ** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
3939 ** any virtual tables.
3940 ** </dl>
3941 */
3942 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3943 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
3944 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
3945 
3946 /*
3947 ** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3948 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3949 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3950 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3951 **
3952 ** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3953 ** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
3954 ** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
3955 **
3956 ** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
3957 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
3958 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
3959 ** for special purposes.
3960 **
3961 ** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
3962 ** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
3963 ** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
3964 ** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
3965 **
3966 ** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3967 ** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3968 ** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3969 **
3970 ** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3971 ** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
3972 ** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
3973 ** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3974 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
3975 **
3976 ** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3977 ** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3978 ** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3979 ** statement is generated.
3980 ** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3981 ** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3982 ** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3983 ** the nul-terminator.
3984 **
3985 ** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3986 ** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3987 ** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3988 ** what remains uncompiled.
3989 **
3990 ** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3991 ** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3992 ** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3993 ** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3994 ** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3995 ** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3996 ** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3997 **
3998 ** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3999 ** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4000 **
4001 ** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4002 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4003 ** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4004 ** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4005 ** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4006 ** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4007 ** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4008 ** behave differently in three ways:
4009 **
4010 ** <ol>
4011 ** <li>
4012 ** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4013 ** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4014 ** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4015 ** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4016 ** </li>
4017 **
4018 ** <li>
4019 ** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4020 ** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4021 ** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4022 ** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4023 ** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4024 ** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4025 ** </li>
4026 **
4027 ** <li>
4028 ** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4029 ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4030 ** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4031 ** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4032 ** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4033 ** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4034 ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4035 ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4036 ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4037 ** </li>
4038 ** </ol>
4039 **
4040 ** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4041 ** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4042 ** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4043 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4044 ** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4045 */
4046 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
4047   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4048   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4049   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4050   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4051   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4052 );
4053 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4054   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4055   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4056   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4057   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4058   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4059 );
4060 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4061   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4062   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4063   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4064   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4065   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4066   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4067 );
4068 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
4069   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4070   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4071   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4072   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4073   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4074 );
4075 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4076   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4077   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4078   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4079   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4080   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4081 );
4082 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4083   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4084   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4085   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4086   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4087   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4088   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4089 );
4090 
4091 /*
4092 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4093 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4094 **
4095 ** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4096 ** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4097 ** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4098 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4099 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4100 ** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4101 ** [bound parameters] expanded.
4102 ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4103 ** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4104 ** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4105 ** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4106 ** placeholders.
4107 **
4108 ** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4109 ** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4110 ** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4111 ** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4112 ** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4113 **
4114 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4115 ** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4116 ** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4117 **
4118 ** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4119 ** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4120 ** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4121 **
4122 ** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4123 ** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4124 ** statement is finalized.
4125 ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4126 ** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
4127 ** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4128 */
4129 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4130 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4131 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4132 
4133 /*
4134 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4135 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4136 **
4137 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4138 ** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4139 ** the content of the database file.
4140 **
4141 ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4142 ** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4143 ** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4144 ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4145 ** change the database file through side-effects:
4146 **
4147 ** <blockquote><pre>
4148 **    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4149 ** </pre></blockquote>
4150 **
4151 ** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4152 ** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4153 **
4154 ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4155 ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4156 ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4157 ** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4158 ** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4159 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4160 ** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4161 ** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4162 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4163 ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4164 ** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4165 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4166 */
4167 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4168 
4169 /*
4170 ** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4171 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4172 **
4173 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4174 ** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4175 ** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4176 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4177 ** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4178 */
4179 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4180 
4181 /*
4182 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4183 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4184 **
4185 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4186 ** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4187 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4188 ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4189 ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4190 ** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4191 ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4192 ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4193 **
4194 ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4195 ** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4196 ** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4197 ** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4198 ** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4199 */
4200 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4201 
4202 /*
4203 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4204 ** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4205 **
4206 ** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4207 ** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4208 ** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4209 ** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4210 **
4211 ** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4212 ** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4213 ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4214 ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4215 ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4216 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4217 ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4218 **
4219 ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4220 ** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4221 ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4222 ** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4223 ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4224 ** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4225 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4226 ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4227 ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4228 ** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4229 ** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4230 ** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4231 **
4232 ** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4233 ** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4234 ** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4235 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4236 ** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4237 ** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4238 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4239 ** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4240 ** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4241 */
4242 typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4243 
4244 /*
4245 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4246 **
4247 ** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4248 ** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4249 ** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4250 ** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4251 ** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4252 ** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4253 ** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4254 ** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4255 */
4256 typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4257 
4258 /*
4259 ** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4260 ** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4261 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4262 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4263 **
4264 ** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4265 ** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4266 ** templates:
4267 **
4268 ** <ul>
4269 ** <li>  ?
4270 ** <li>  ?NNN
4271 ** <li>  :VVV
4272 ** <li>  @VVV
4273 ** <li>  $VVV
4274 ** </ul>
4275 **
4276 ** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4277 ** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4278 ** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4279 ** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4280 **
4281 ** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4282 ** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4283 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4284 **
4285 ** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4286 ** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4287 ** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4288 ** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4289 ** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4290 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4291 ** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4292 ** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4293 ** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4294 **
4295 ** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4296 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4297 ** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4298 ** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4299 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4300 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4301 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4302 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4303 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4304 ** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4305 ** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16
4306 ** otherwise.
4307 **
4308 ** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4309 ** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4310 ** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4311 ** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4312 ** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4313 ** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4314 ** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4315 ** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4316 ** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4317 **
4318 ** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4319 ** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4320 ** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4321 ** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4322 ** is negative, then the length of the string is
4323 ** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4324 ** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4325 ** the behavior is undefined.
4326 ** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4327 ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4328 ** that parameter must be the byte offset
4329 ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4330 ** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
4331 ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4332 ** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4333 ** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4334 **
4335 ** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
4336 ** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
4337 ** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
4338 ** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to the bind API fails,
4339 ** except the destructor is not called if the third parameter is a NULL
4340 ** pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4341 ** ^If the fifth argument is
4342 ** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
4343 ** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
4344 ** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
4345 ** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
4346 ** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
4347 **
4348 ** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4349 ** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4350 ** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4351 ** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4352 ** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4353 ** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4354 ** is undefined.
4355 **
4356 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4357 ** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4358 ** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4359 ** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4360 ** content is later written using
4361 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4362 ** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4363 **
4364 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4365 ** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4366 ** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4367 ** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4368 ** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4369 ** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4370 ** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4371 ** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4372 **
4373 ** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4374 ** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4375 ** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4376 ** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4377 ** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4378 ** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4379 **
4380 ** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4381 ** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4382 **
4383 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4384 ** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4385 ** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4386 ** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4387 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4388 ** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4389 ** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4390 **
4391 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4392 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4393 */
4394 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4395 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4396                         void(*)(void*));
4397 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4398 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4399 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4400 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4401 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4403 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4404                          void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4405 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4406 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4407 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4408 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4409 
4410 /*
4411 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4412 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4413 **
4414 ** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4415 ** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4416 ** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4417 ** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4418 ** to the parameters at a later time.
4419 **
4420 ** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4421 ** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4422 ** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4423 ** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4424 **
4425 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4426 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4427 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4428 */
4429 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4430 
4431 /*
4432 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4433 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4434 **
4435 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4436 ** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4437 ** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4438 ** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4439 ** respectively.
4440 ** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4441 ** is included as part of the name.)^
4442 ** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4443 ** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4444 **
4445 ** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4446 **
4447 ** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4448 ** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4449 ** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4450 ** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4451 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4452 **
4453 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4454 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4455 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4456 */
4457 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4458 
4459 /*
4460 ** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4461 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4462 **
4463 ** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4464 ** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4465 ** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4466 ** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4467 ** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4468 ** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4469 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4470 **
4471 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4472 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4473 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4474 */
4475 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4476 
4477 /*
4478 ** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4479 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4480 **
4481 ** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4482 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4483 ** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4484 */
4485 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4486 
4487 /*
4488 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4489 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4490 **
4491 ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4492 ** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4493 ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4494 ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4495 ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4496 ** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4497 ** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4498 **
4499 ** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4500 */
4501 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4502 
4503 /*
4504 ** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4505 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4506 **
4507 ** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4508 ** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4509 ** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4510 ** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4511 ** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4512 ** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4513 ** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4514 **
4515 ** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4516 ** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4517 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4518 ** or until the next call to
4519 ** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4520 **
4521 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4522 ** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4523 ** NULL pointer is returned.
4524 **
4525 ** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4526 ** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4527 ** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4528 ** one release of SQLite to the next.
4529 */
4530 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4531 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4532 
4533 /*
4534 ** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4535 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4536 **
4537 ** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4538 ** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4539 ** [SELECT] statement.
4540 ** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4541 ** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4542 ** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4543 ** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4544 ** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4545 ** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4546 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4547 ** or until the same information is requested
4548 ** again in a different encoding.
4549 **
4550 ** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4551 ** database, table, and column.
4552 **
4553 ** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4554 ** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4555 ** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4556 ** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4557 **
4558 ** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4559 ** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4560 ** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4561 ** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4562 ** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4563 **
4564 ** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4565 ** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4566 **
4567 ** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4568 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4569 **
4570 ** If two or more threads call one or more
4571 ** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4572 ** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4573 ** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4574 */
4575 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4576 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4577 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4578 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4579 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4580 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4581 
4582 /*
4583 ** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4584 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4585 **
4586 ** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4587 ** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4588 ** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4589 ** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4590 ** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4591 ** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4592 ** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4593 **
4594 ** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4595 **
4596 ** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4597 **
4598 ** and the following statement to be compiled:
4599 **
4600 ** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4601 **
4602 ** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4603 ** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4604 **
4605 ** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4606 ** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4607 ** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4608 ** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4609 ** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4610 ** used to hold those values.
4611 */
4612 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4613 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4614 
4615 /*
4616 ** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4617 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4618 **
4619 ** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4620 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4621 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4622 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4623 ** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4624 **
4625 ** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4626 ** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4627 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4628 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4629 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4630 ** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4631 ** interface will continue to be supported.
4632 **
4633 ** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4634 ** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4635 ** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4636 ** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4637 **
4638 ** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4639 ** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4640 ** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4641 ** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4642 ** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4643 ** continuing.
4644 **
4645 ** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4646 ** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4647 ** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4648 ** machine back to its initial state.
4649 **
4650 ** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4651 ** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4652 ** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4653 ** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4654 **
4655 ** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4656 ** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4657 ** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4658 ** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4659 ** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4660 ** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4661 ** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4662 ** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4663 **
4664 ** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4665 ** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4666 ** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4667 ** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4668 ** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4669 ** more threads at the same moment in time.
4670 **
4671 ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4672 ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4673 ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4674 ** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4675 ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4676 ** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4677 ** sqlite3_step() began
4678 ** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4679 ** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4680 ** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4681 ** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4682 ** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4683 **
4684 ** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4685 ** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4686 ** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4687 ** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4688 ** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4689 ** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4690 ** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4691 ** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4692 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4693 ** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4694 ** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4695 ** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4696 */
4697 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4698 
4699 /*
4700 ** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4701 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4702 **
4703 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4704 ** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4705 ** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4706 ** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
4707 ** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4708 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4709 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4710 ** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4711 ** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4712 ** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4713 ** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4714 ** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4715 **
4716 ** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4717 */
4718 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4719 
4720 /*
4721 ** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4722 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4723 **
4724 ** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4725 **
4726 ** <ul>
4727 ** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4728 ** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4729 ** <li> string
4730 ** <li> BLOB
4731 ** <li> NULL
4732 ** </ul>)^
4733 **
4734 ** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4735 **
4736 ** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4737 ** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4738 ** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4739 ** SQLITE_TEXT.
4740 */
4741 #define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4742 #define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4743 #define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4744 #define SQLITE_NULL     5
4745 #ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4746 # undef SQLITE_TEXT
4747 #else
4748 # define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4749 #endif
4750 #define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4751 
4752 /*
4753 ** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4754 ** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4755 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4756 **
4757 ** <b>Summary:</b>
4758 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4759 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4760 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4761 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4762 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4763 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4764 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4765 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4766 ** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4767 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4768 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4769 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4770 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4771 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4772 ** TEXT in bytes
4773 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4774 ** datatype of the result
4775 ** </table></blockquote>
4776 **
4777 ** <b>Details:</b>
4778 **
4779 ** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4780 ** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4781 ** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4782 ** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4783 ** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4784 ** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4785 ** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4786 ** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4787 **
4788 ** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4789 ** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4790 ** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4791 ** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4792 ** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4793 ** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4794 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4795 ** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4796 ** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4797 ** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4798 ** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4799 **
4800 ** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4801 ** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4802 ** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4803 ** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4804 ** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4805 **
4806 ** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4807 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4808 ** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4809 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4810 ** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4811 ** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4812 ** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4813 ** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4814 ** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4815 ** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4816 ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4817 ** following a type conversion.
4818 **
4819 ** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4820 ** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4821 ** of that BLOB or string.
4822 **
4823 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4824 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4825 ** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4826 ** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4827 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4828 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4829 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4830 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4831 **
4832 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4833 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4834 ** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4835 ** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4836 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4837 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4838 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4839 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4840 **
4841 ** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4842 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4843 ** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4844 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4845 ** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4846 **
4847 ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4848 ** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4849 ** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4850 **
4851 ** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4852 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4853 ** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4854 ** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4855 ** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4856 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4857 ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4858 ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4859 ** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4860 ** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4861 ** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4862 ** top-level application code.
4863 **
4864 ** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4865 ** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4866 ** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4867 ** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4868 ** that are applied:
4869 **
4870 ** <blockquote>
4871 ** <table border="1">
4872 ** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4873 **
4874 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4875 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4876 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4877 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4878 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4879 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4880 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4881 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4882 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4883 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4884 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4885 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4886 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4887 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4888 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4889 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4890 ** </table>
4891 ** </blockquote>)^
4892 **
4893 ** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4894 ** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4895 ** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4896 ** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4897 ** in the following cases:
4898 **
4899 ** <ul>
4900 ** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4901 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4902 **      need to be added to the string.</li>
4903 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4904 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4905 **      to UTF-16.</li>
4906 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4907 **      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4908 **      to UTF-8.</li>
4909 ** </ul>
4910 **
4911 ** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4912 ** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4913 ** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4914 ** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4915 ** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4916 **
4917 ** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4918 ** in one of the following ways:
4919 **
4920 ** <ul>
4921 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4922 **  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4923 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4924 ** </ul>
4925 **
4926 ** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4927 ** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4928 ** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4929 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4930 ** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4931 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4932 ** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4933 **
4934 ** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4935 ** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4936 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4937 ** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
4938 ** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4939 ** [sqlite3_free()].
4940 **
4941 ** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
4942 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4943 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4944 ** errors:
4945 **
4946 ** <ul>
4947 ** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
4948 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
4949 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
4950 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
4951 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4952 ** </ul>
4953 **
4954 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4955 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4956 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4957 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4958 ** return value is obtained and before any
4959 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4960 */
4961 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4962 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4963 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4964 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4965 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4966 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4967 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4968 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4969 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4970 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4971 
4972 /*
4973 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4974 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4975 **
4976 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4977 ** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4978 ** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4979 ** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4980 ** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4981 ** [extended error code].
4982 **
4983 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4984 ** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4985 ** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4986 ** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4987 ** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4988 ** completed execution.
4989 **
4990 ** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4991 **
4992 ** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4993 ** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4994 ** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4995 ** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4996 ** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4997 */
4998 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4999 
5000 /*
5001 ** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5002 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5003 **
5004 ** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5005 ** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5006 ** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5007 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5008 ** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5009 **
5010 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5011 ** back to the beginning of its program.
5012 **
5013 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5014 ** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
5015 ** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
5016 ** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
5017 **
5018 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5019 ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5020 ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5021 **
5022 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5023 ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5024 */
5025 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5026 
5027 /*
5028 ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5029 ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5030 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5031 **
5032 ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5033 ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5034 ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5035 ** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5036 ** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5037 ** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5038 ** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5039 ** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5040 ** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5041 **
5042 ** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5043 ** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5044 ** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5045 ** to each database connection separately.
5046 **
5047 ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5048 ** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5049 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5050 ** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5051 ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5052 ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5053 **
5054 ** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5055 ** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5056 ** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5057 ** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5058 ** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5059 ** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5060 ** undefined.
5061 **
5062 ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5063 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5064 ** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5065 ** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5066 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5067 ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5068 ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5069 ** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5070 ** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5071 ** each encoding.
5072 ** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5073 ** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5074 **
5075 ** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5076 ** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5077 ** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5078 ** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5079 ** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5080 ** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5081 ** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5082 **
5083 ** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5084 ** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5085 ** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5086 ** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5087 **
5088 ** <span style="background-color:#ffff90;">
5089 ** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5090 ** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5091 ** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5092 ** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
5093 ** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5094 ** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5095 ** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5096 ** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5097 ** the database file is opened and read.
5098 ** </span>
5099 **
5100 ** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5101 ** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5102 **
5103 ** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5104 ** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5105 ** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5106 ** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5107 ** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5108 ** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5109 ** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5110 ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5111 ** callbacks.
5112 **
5113 ** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5114 ** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5115 ** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5116 ** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5117 ** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5118 ** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5119 ** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5120 ** of aggregate window functions are
5121 ** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5122 **
5123 ** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5124 ** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
5125 ** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5126 ** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5127 ** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5128 ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5129 ** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5130 ** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5131 **
5132 ** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5133 ** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5134 ** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5135 ** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5136 ** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5137 ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5138 ** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5139 ** matches the database encoding is a better
5140 ** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5141 ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5142 ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5143 ** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5144 **
5145 ** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5146 **
5147 ** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5148 ** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5149 ** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5150 ** statement in which the function is running.
5151 */
5152 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
5153   sqlite3 *db,
5154   const char *zFunctionName,
5155   int nArg,
5156   int eTextRep,
5157   void *pApp,
5158   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5159   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5160   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5161 );
5162 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
5163   sqlite3 *db,
5164   const void *zFunctionName,
5165   int nArg,
5166   int eTextRep,
5167   void *pApp,
5168   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5169   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5170   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5171 );
5172 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5173   sqlite3 *db,
5174   const char *zFunctionName,
5175   int nArg,
5176   int eTextRep,
5177   void *pApp,
5178   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5179   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5180   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5181   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5182 );
5183 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5184   sqlite3 *db,
5185   const char *zFunctionName,
5186   int nArg,
5187   int eTextRep,
5188   void *pApp,
5189   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5190   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5191   void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5192   void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5193   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5194 );
5195 
5196 /*
5197 ** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5198 **
5199 ** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
5200 ** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5201 */
5202 #define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5203 #define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5204 #define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5205 #define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5206 #define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5207 #define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5208 
5209 /*
5210 ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5211 **
5212 ** These constants may be ORed together with the
5213 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5214 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5215 ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5216 **
5217 ** <dl>
5218 ** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5219 ** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5220 ** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5221 ** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5222 ** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5223 ** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5224 ** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5225 ** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5226 ** out of inner loops.
5227 ** </dd>
5228 **
5229 ** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5230 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5231 ** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5232 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5233 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5234 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flags is a security feature which is recommended
5235 ** for all [application-defined SQL functions], and especially for functions
5236 ** that have side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive
5237 ** information.
5238 ** </dd>
5239 **
5240 ** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5241 ** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5242 ** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5243 ** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5244 ** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5245 ** innocuous function.
5246 ** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5247 ** side effects.
5248 ** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5249 ** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5250 ** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5251 ** <p>Some heightened security settings
5252 ** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5253 ** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5254 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5255 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5256 ** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5257 ** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5258 ** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5259 ** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5260 ** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5261 ** </dd>
5262 **
5263 ** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5264 ** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5265 ** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5266 ** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5267 ** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5268 ** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5269 ** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5270 ** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5271 ** </dd>
5272 ** </dl>
5273 */
5274 #define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5275 #define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5276 #define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5277 #define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5278 
5279 /*
5280 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5281 ** DEPRECATED
5282 **
5283 ** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5284 ** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5285 ** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5286 ** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5287 ** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5288 */
5289 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5290 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5291 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5292 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5293 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5294 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5295 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5296                       void*,sqlite3_int64);
5297 #endif
5298 
5299 /*
5300 ** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5301 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5302 **
5303 ** <b>Summary:</b>
5304 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5305 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5306 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5307 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5308 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5309 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5310 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5311 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5312 ** the native byteorder
5313 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5314 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5315 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5316 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5317 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5318 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5319 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5320 ** TEXT in bytes
5321 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5322 ** datatype of the value
5323 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5324 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5325 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5326 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5327 ** against a virtual table.
5328 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5329 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5330 ** </table></blockquote>
5331 **
5332 ** <b>Details:</b>
5333 **
5334 ** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5335 ** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5336 ** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
5337 ** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5338 **
5339 ** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5340 ** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5341 ** is not threadsafe.
5342 **
5343 ** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5344 ** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5345 ** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5346 **
5347 ** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5348 ** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5349 ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5350 ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5351 **
5352 ** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5353 ** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5354 ** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5355 ** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5356 ** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5357 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5358 **
5359 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5360 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5361 ** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5362 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5363 ** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5364 ** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5365 ** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5366 ** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5367 ** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5368 ** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5369 **
5370 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5371 ** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5372 ** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5373 ** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5374 ** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5375 ** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5376 ** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5377 **
5378 ** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5379 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5380 ** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5381 ** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5382 ** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5383 ** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5384 ** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5385 ** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5386 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5387 ** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5388 ** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5389 ** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5390 **
5391 ** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5392 ** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5393 ** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5394 ** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5395 **
5396 ** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5397 ** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5398 ** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5399 ** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5400 ** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5401 **
5402 ** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5403 ** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5404 **
5405 ** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5406 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5407 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5408 ** errors:
5409 **
5410 ** <ul>
5411 ** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5412 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5413 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5414 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5415 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5416 ** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5417 ** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5418 ** </ul>
5419 **
5420 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5421 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5422 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5423 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5424 ** return value is obtained and before any
5425 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5426 */
5427 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5428 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5429 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5430 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5431 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5432 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5433 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5434 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5435 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5436 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5437 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5438 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5439 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5440 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5441 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5442 
5443 /*
5444 ** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5445 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5446 **
5447 ** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5448 ** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5449 ** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5450 ** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5451 ** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5452 */
5453 SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5454 
5455 /*
5456 ** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5457 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5458 **
5459 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5460 ** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5461 ** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5462 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5463 ** memory allocation fails.
5464 **
5465 ** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5466 ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5467 ** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5468 */
5469 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5470 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5471 
5472 /*
5473 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5474 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5475 **
5476 ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5477 ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5478 **
5479 ** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5480 ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
5481 ** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5482 ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5483 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5484 ** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5485 ** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5486 ** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5487 ** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5488 ** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5489 ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5490 ** first time from within xFinal().)^
5491 **
5492 ** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5493 ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5494 ** allocate error occurs.
5495 **
5496 ** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5497 ** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5498 ** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5499 ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5500 ** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5501 ** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5502 ** pointless memory allocations occur.
5503 **
5504 ** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5505 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5506 **
5507 ** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5508 ** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5509 ** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5510 ** function.
5511 **
5512 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5513 ** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5514 */
5515 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5516 
5517 /*
5518 ** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5519 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5520 **
5521 ** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5522 ** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5523 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5524 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5525 ** registered the application defined function.
5526 **
5527 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5528 ** the application-defined function is running.
5529 */
5530 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5531 
5532 /*
5533 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5534 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5535 **
5536 ** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5537 ** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5538 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5539 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5540 ** registered the application defined function.
5541 */
5542 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5543 
5544 /*
5545 ** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5546 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5547 **
5548 ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5549 ** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5550 ** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5551 ** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5552 ** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5553 ** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5554 ** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5555 ** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5556 ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5557 ** invocations of the same function.
5558 **
5559 ** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5560 ** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5561 ** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5562 ** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5563 ** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5564 ** returns a NULL pointer.
5565 **
5566 ** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5567 ** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5568 ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5569 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5570 ** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5571 ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5572 ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5573 ** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5574 ** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5575 ** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5576 ** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5577 **      SQL statement)^, or
5578 ** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5579 **       parameter)^, or
5580 ** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5581 **      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5582 **
5583 ** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5584 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5585 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5586 ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5587 ** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5588 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5589 **
5590 ** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5591 ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5592 ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5593 **
5594 ** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5595 ** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5596 ** kinds of function caching behavior.
5597 **
5598 ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5599 ** the SQL function is running.
5600 */
5601 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5602 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5603 
5604 
5605 /*
5606 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5607 **
5608 ** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5609 ** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5610 ** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5611 ** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5612 ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5613 ** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5614 ** the content before returning.
5615 **
5616 ** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5617 ** C++ compilers.
5618 */
5619 typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5620 #define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5621 #define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5622 
5623 /*
5624 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5625 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5626 **
5627 ** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5628 ** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5629 ** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5630 ** for additional information.
5631 **
5632 ** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5633 ** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5634 ** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5635 **
5636 ** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5637 ** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5638 ** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5639 ** third parameter.
5640 **
5641 ** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5642 ** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5643 ** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5644 **
5645 ** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5646 ** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5647 ** by its 2nd argument.
5648 **
5649 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5650 ** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5651 ** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5652 ** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5653 ** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5654 ** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5655 ** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
5656 ** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
5657 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5658 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5659 ** message all text up through the first zero character.
5660 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5661 ** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5662 ** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5663 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5664 ** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5665 ** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5666 ** modify the text after they return without harm.
5667 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5668 ** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5669 ** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5670 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5671 **
5672 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5673 ** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5674 **
5675 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5676 ** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5677 **
5678 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5679 ** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5680 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
5681 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5682 ** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5683 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
5684 **
5685 ** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5686 ** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5687 **
5688 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5689 ** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5690 ** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5691 ** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5692 ** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5693 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5694 ** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5695 ** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5696 ** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5697 ** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5698 ** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5699 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5700 ** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5701 ** through the first zero character.
5702 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5703 ** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5704 ** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5705 ** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5706 ** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5707 ** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5708 ** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5709 ** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5710 ** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5711 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5712 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5713 ** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5714 ** finished using that result.
5715 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5716 ** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5717 ** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5718 ** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5719 ** when it has finished using that result.
5720 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5721 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5722 ** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5723 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5724 **
5725 ** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5726 ** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
5727 ** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
5728 ** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
5729 ** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
5730 ** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
5731 ** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
5732 ** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
5733 ** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
5734 ** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
5735 ** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
5736 ** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
5737 **
5738 ** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
5739 ** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5740 ** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
5741 ** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
5742 ** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
5743 **
5744 ** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5745 ** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5746 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5747 ** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5748 ** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5749 ** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5750 ** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5751 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5752 ** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5753 **
5754 ** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5755 ** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5756 ** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5757 ** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5758 ** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5759 ** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5760 ** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5761 ** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5762 ** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5763 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5764 **
5765 ** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5766 ** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5767 ** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5768 */
5769 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5770 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5771                            sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5772 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5773 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5774 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5775 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5776 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5777 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5778 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5779 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5780 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5781 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5782 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5783                            void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5784 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5785 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5786 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5787 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5788 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5789 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5790 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5791 
5792 
5793 /*
5794 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5795 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5796 **
5797 ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5798 ** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5799 ** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5800 ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5801 ** higher order bits are discarded.
5802 ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5803 ** in future releases of SQLite.
5804 */
5805 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5806 
5807 /*
5808 ** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5809 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5810 **
5811 ** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5812 ** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5813 **
5814 ** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5815 ** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5816 ** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5817 ** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5818 ** considered to be the same name.
5819 **
5820 ** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5821 ** <ul>
5822 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5823 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5824 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5825 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5826 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5827 ** </ul>)^
5828 ** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5829 ** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
5830 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5831 ** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5832 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5833 ** on an even byte address.
5834 **
5835 ** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5836 ** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5837 **
5838 ** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
5839 ** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5840 ** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5841 ** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5842 ** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
5843 ** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5844 ** that collation is no longer usable.
5845 **
5846 ** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5847 ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5848 ** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
5849 ** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
5850 ** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5851 ** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5852 ** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5853 ** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5854 ** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5855 ** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5856 ** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5857 ** strings A, B, and C:
5858 **
5859 ** <ol>
5860 ** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5861 ** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5862 ** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5863 ** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5864 ** </ol>
5865 **
5866 ** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5867 ** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5868 ** is undefined.
5869 **
5870 ** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5871 ** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5872 ** the collating function is deleted.
5873 ** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5874 ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5875 ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5876 **
5877 ** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5878 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5879 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5880 ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5881 ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5882 ** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5883 ** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5884 ** compatibility.
5885 **
5886 ** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5887 */
5888 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
5889   sqlite3*,
5890   const char *zName,
5891   int eTextRep,
5892   void *pArg,
5893   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5894 );
5895 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5896   sqlite3*,
5897   const char *zName,
5898   int eTextRep,
5899   void *pArg,
5900   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5901   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5902 );
5903 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5904   sqlite3*,
5905   const void *zName,
5906   int eTextRep,
5907   void *pArg,
5908   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5909 );
5910 
5911 /*
5912 ** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5913 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5914 **
5915 ** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5916 ** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5917 ** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5918 ** sequence is required.
5919 **
5920 ** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5921 ** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5922 ** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5923 ** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5924 ** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5925 **
5926 ** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5927 ** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5928 ** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5929 ** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5930 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5931 ** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5932 ** required collation sequence.)^
5933 **
5934 ** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5935 ** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5936 ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5937 */
5938 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5939   sqlite3*,
5940   void*,
5941   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5942 );
5943 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5944   sqlite3*,
5945   void*,
5946   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5947 );
5948 
5949 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5950 /*
5951 ** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5952 ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5953 */
5954 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5955   const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5956 );
5957 #endif
5958 
5959 /*
5960 ** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5961 **
5962 ** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5963 ** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5964 **
5965 ** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5966 ** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5967 ** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5968 ** requested from the operating system is returned.
5969 **
5970 ** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5971 ** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5972 ** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5973 ** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5974 ** in the previous paragraphs.
5975 */
5976 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5977 
5978 /*
5979 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5980 **
5981 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5982 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5983 ** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5984 ** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5985 ** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5986 ** temporary file directory.
5987 **
5988 ** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5989 ** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5990 ** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5991 ** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5992 ** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5993 ** be avoided in new projects.
5994 **
5995 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5996 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5997 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5998 ** thread.
5999 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6000 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6001 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6002 ** thereafter.
6003 **
6004 ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6005 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6006 ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6007 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6008 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6009 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6010 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6011 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6012 ** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6013 ** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6014 ** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6015 ** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6016 ** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6017 ** objects have been destroyed.
6018 **
6019 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6020 ** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6021 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6022 ** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6023 **
6024 ** <blockquote><pre>
6025 ** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6026 ** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6027 ** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6028 ** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6029 ** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6030 ** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6031 ** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6032 ** </pre></blockquote>
6033 */
6034 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6035 
6036 /*
6037 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6038 **
6039 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6040 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6041 ** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6042 ** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6043 ** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6044 ** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6045 ** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6046 ** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6047 ** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6048 **
6049 ** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6050 ** open can result in a corrupt database.
6051 **
6052 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6053 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6054 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6055 ** thread.
6056 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6057 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6058 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6059 ** thereafter.
6060 **
6061 ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6062 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6063 ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6064 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6065 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6066 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6067 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6068 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6069 ** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6070 */
6071 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6072 
6073 /*
6074 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6075 **
6076 ** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6077 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6078 ** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6079 ** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6080 ** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6081 ** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6082 ** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6083 ** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6084 ** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6085 ** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6086 ** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6087 ** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6088 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6089 ** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6090 ** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6091 */
6092 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6093   unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6094   void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6095 );
6096 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6097 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6098 
6099 /*
6100 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6101 **
6102 ** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6103 ** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6104 */
6105 #define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6106 #define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6107 
6108 /*
6109 ** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6110 ** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6111 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6112 **
6113 ** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6114 ** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6115 ** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6116 ** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6117 ** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6118 **
6119 ** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6120 ** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6121 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6122 ** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6123 ** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6124 ** an error is to use this function.
6125 **
6126 ** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6127 ** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6128 ** is undefined.
6129 */
6130 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6131 
6132 /*
6133 ** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6134 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6135 **
6136 ** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6137 ** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6138 ** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6139 ** that was the first argument
6140 ** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6141 ** create the statement in the first place.
6142 */
6143 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6144 
6145 /*
6146 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
6147 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6148 **
6149 ** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
6150 ** associated with database N of connection D.
6151 ** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
6152 ** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
6153 ** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
6154 **
6155 ** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
6156 ** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
6157 ** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
6158 **
6159 ** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
6160 ** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
6161 ** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
6162 ** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
6163 **
6164 ** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
6165 ** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
6166 ** <ul>
6167 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
6168 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
6169 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
6170 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
6171 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
6172 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
6173 ** </ul>
6174 */
6175 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6176 
6177 /*
6178 ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
6179 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6180 **
6181 ** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
6182 ** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
6183 ** the name of a database on connection D.
6184 */
6185 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6186 
6187 /*
6188 ** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
6189 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6190 **
6191 ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
6192 ** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
6193 ** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
6194 ** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
6195 ** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
6196 **
6197 ** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
6198 ** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
6199 ** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
6200 */
6201 SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
6202 
6203 /*
6204 ** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
6205 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6206 **
6207 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
6208 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
6209 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
6210 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6211 ** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
6212 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
6213 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
6214 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6215 ** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
6216 ** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
6217 ** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
6218 **
6219 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
6220 ** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
6221 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6222 ** the first call for each function on D.
6223 **
6224 ** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
6225 ** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
6226 ** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
6227 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6228 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
6229 ** or rollback hook in the first place.
6230 ** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
6231 ** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
6232 ** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6233 **
6234 ** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
6235 **
6236 ** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6237 ** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6238 ** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6239 ** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6240 ** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6241 **
6242 ** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6243 ** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6244 ** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6245 ** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6246 ** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6247 **
6248 ** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6249 */
6250 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6251 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6252 
6253 /*
6254 ** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6255 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6256 **
6257 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6258 ** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6259 ** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6260 ** a [rowid table].
6261 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6262 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6263 **
6264 ** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6265 ** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6266 ** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6267 ** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6268 ** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6269 ** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6270 ** to be invoked.
6271 ** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6272 ** database and table name containing the affected row.
6273 ** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6274 ** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6275 **
6276 ** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6277 ** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
6278 ** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6279 **
6280 ** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6281 ** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6282 ** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6283 ** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6284 ** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6285 ** release of SQLite.
6286 **
6287 ** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6288 ** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6289 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6290 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6291 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6292 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6293 **
6294 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6295 ** returns the P argument from the previous call
6296 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6297 ** the first call on D.
6298 **
6299 ** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6300 ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6301 */
6302 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6303   sqlite3*,
6304   void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6305   void*
6306 );
6307 
6308 /*
6309 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6310 **
6311 ** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6312 ** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6313 ** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6314 ** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6315 **
6316 ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6317 ** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6318 ** In prior versions of SQLite,
6319 ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6320 **
6321 ** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6322 ** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6323 ** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
6324 ** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6325 **
6326 ** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6327 ** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6328 **
6329 ** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
6330 ** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
6331 ** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
6332 ** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
6333 ** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
6334 ** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
6335 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
6336 **
6337 ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6338 ** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6339 ** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6340 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6341 **
6342 ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6343 ** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6344 **
6345 ** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6346 */
6347 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6348 
6349 /*
6350 ** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6351 **
6352 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6353 ** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6354 ** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6355 ** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6356 ** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6357 ** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6358 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6359 ** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6360 **
6361 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6362 */
6363 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6364 
6365 /*
6366 ** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6367 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6368 **
6369 ** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6370 ** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6371 ** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6372 ** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6373 ** omitted.
6374 **
6375 ** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6376 */
6377 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6378 
6379 /*
6380 ** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6381 **
6382 ** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
6383 ** by all database connections within a single process.
6384 **
6385 ** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6386 ** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6387 ** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6388 ** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6389 ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6390 ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6391 ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6392 ** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6393 ** is advisory only.
6394 **
6395 ** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
6396 ** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
6397 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
6398 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
6399 ** when the hard heap limit is reached.
6400 **
6401 ** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
6402 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
6403 ** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6404 ** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6405 ** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
6406 ** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
6407 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
6408 **
6409 ** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
6410 **
6411 ** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
6412 ** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
6413 ** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
6414 ** the the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
6415 ** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
6416 ** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
6417 ** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
6418 ** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
6419 ** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
6420 ** hard heap limit.
6421 **
6422 ** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
6423 ** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
6424 **
6425 ** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
6426 ** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6427 **
6428 ** <ul>
6429 ** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
6430 ** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6431 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6432 **      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6433 ** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6434 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6435 ** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6436 **      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6437 **      from the heap.
6438 ** </ul>)^
6439 **
6440 ** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
6441 ** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6442 */
6443 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6444 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6445 
6446 /*
6447 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6448 ** DEPRECATED
6449 **
6450 ** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6451 ** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6452 ** only.  All new applications should use the
6453 ** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6454 */
6455 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6456 
6457 
6458 /*
6459 ** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6460 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6461 **
6462 ** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6463 ** information about column C of table T in database D
6464 ** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6465 ** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6466 ** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6467 ** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6468 ** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
6469 ** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6470 ** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6471 ** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6472 ** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6473 ** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6474 ** undefined behavior.
6475 **
6476 ** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6477 ** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6478 ** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6479 ** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6480 ** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6481 ** resolve unqualified table references.
6482 **
6483 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6484 ** name of the desired column, respectively.
6485 **
6486 ** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6487 ** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6488 ** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6489 **
6490 ** ^(<blockquote>
6491 ** <table border="1">
6492 ** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6493 **
6494 ** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6495 ** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6496 ** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6497 ** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6498 ** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6499 ** </table>
6500 ** </blockquote>)^
6501 **
6502 ** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6503 ** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6504 ** call to any SQLite API function.
6505 **
6506 ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6507 **
6508 ** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6509 ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6510 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6511 ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6512 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6513 ** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6514 **
6515 ** <pre>
6516 **     data type: "INTEGER"
6517 **     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6518 **     not null: 0
6519 **     primary key: 1
6520 **     auto increment: 0
6521 ** </pre>)^
6522 **
6523 ** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6524 ** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6525 ** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6526 */
6527 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6528   sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6529   const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6530   const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6531   const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6532   char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6533   char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6534   int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6535   int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6536   int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6537 );
6538 
6539 /*
6540 ** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6541 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6542 **
6543 ** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6544 **
6545 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6546 ** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6547 ** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6548 ** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6549 ** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6550 ** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6551 ** be tried also.
6552 **
6553 ** ^The entry point is zProc.
6554 ** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6555 ** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6556 ** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6557 ** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6558 ** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6559 ** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6560 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6561 ** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6562 ** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6563 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6564 ** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6565 ** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6566 ** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6567 **
6568 ** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6569 ** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6570 ** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6571 ** prior to calling this API,
6572 ** otherwise an error will be returned.
6573 **
6574 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6575 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6576 ** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6577 ** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6578 ** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6579 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
6580 **
6581 ** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6582 */
6583 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
6584   sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6585   const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6586   const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6587   char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6588 );
6589 
6590 /*
6591 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6592 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6593 **
6594 ** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6595 ** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6596 ** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6597 ** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6598 **
6599 ** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6600 ** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6601 ** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6602 ** it back off again.
6603 **
6604 ** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6605 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6606 ** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6607 ** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6608 **
6609 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6610 ** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6611 ** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6612 ** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6613 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
6614 */
6615 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6616 
6617 /*
6618 ** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6619 **
6620 ** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6621 ** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6622 ** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6623 ** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6624 **
6625 ** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6626 ** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6627 ** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6628 ** entry point where as follows:
6629 **
6630 ** <blockquote><pre>
6631 ** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6632 ** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6633 ** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6634 ** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6635 ** &nbsp;  );
6636 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
6637 **
6638 ** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6639 ** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6640 ** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6641 ** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6642 ** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6643 ** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6644 ** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6645 **
6646 ** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6647 ** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6648 ** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6649 **
6650 ** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6651 ** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6652 */
6653 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6654 
6655 /*
6656 ** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6657 **
6658 ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6659 ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6660 ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6661 ** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6662 ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6663 ** routines.
6664 */
6665 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6666 
6667 /*
6668 ** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6669 **
6670 ** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6671 ** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6672 */
6673 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6674 
6675 /*
6676 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6677 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6678 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6679 **
6680 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6681 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6682 */
6683 
6684 /*
6685 ** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6686 */
6687 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6688 typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6689 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6690 typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6691 
6692 /*
6693 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6694 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6695 **
6696 ** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6697 ** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
6698 ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6699 **
6700 ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6701 ** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6702 ** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6703 ** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6704 ** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6705 ** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6706 ** any database connection.
6707 */
6708 struct sqlite3_module {
6709   int iVersion;
6710   int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6711                int argc, const char *const*argv,
6712                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6713   int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6714                int argc, const char *const*argv,
6715                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6716   int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6717   int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6718   int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6719   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6720   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6721   int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6722                 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6723   int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6724   int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6725   int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6726   int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6727   int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6728   int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6729   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6730   int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6731   int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6732   int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6733                        void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6734                        void **ppArg);
6735   int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6736   /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6737   ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6738   int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6739   int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6740   int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6741   /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6742   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6743   int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6744 };
6745 
6746 /*
6747 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6748 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6749 **
6750 ** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6751 ** of the [virtual table] interface to
6752 ** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6753 ** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6754 ** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6755 ** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6756 **
6757 ** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6758 **
6759 ** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6760 **
6761 ** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6762 ** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6763 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6764 ** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6765 ** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6766 ** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6767 ** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6768 **
6769 ** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6770 ** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6771 ** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6772 ** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6773 ** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6774 **
6775 ** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6776 ** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6777 **
6778 ** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6779 ** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6780 ** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6781 ** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6782 ** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6783 ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6784 ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6785 ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6786 ** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6787 ** non-zero.
6788 **
6789 ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6790 ** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6791 ** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6792 ** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6793 ** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6794 ** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
6795 ** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
6796 ** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
6797 ** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is change to true, then
6798 ** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
6799 ** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
6800 ** not be checked again using byte code.)^
6801 **
6802 ** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6803 ** [xFilter] method.
6804 ** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6805 ** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6806 **
6807 ** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6808 ** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6809 ** sorting step is required.
6810 **
6811 ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6812 ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6813 ** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6814 ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6815 ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6816 **
6817 ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6818 ** will be returned by the strategy.
6819 **
6820 ** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6821 ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6822 ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6823 ** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6824 **
6825 ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6826 ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6827 ** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6828 ** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6829 ** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6830 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6831 ** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6832 ** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6833 ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6834 **
6835 ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6836 ** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6837 ** If a virtual table extension is
6838 ** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6839 ** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6840 ** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6841 ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6842 ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6843 ** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6844 ** It may therefore only be used if
6845 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6846 ** 3009000.
6847 */
6848 struct sqlite3_index_info {
6849   /* Inputs */
6850   int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6851   struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6852      int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6853      unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6854      unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6855      int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6856   } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6857   int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6858   struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6859      int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6860      unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6861   } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6862   /* Outputs */
6863   struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6864     int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6865     unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6866   } *aConstraintUsage;
6867   int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6868   char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6869   int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6870   int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6871   double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6872   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6873   sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6874   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6875   int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6876   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6877   sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6878 };
6879 
6880 /*
6881 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6882 **
6883 ** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
6884 ** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
6885 ** these bits.
6886 */
6887 #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6888 
6889 /*
6890 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6891 **
6892 ** These macros define the allowed values for the
6893 ** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6894 ** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6895 ** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6896 */
6897 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
6898 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
6899 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
6900 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
6901 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
6902 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
6903 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
6904 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
6905 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
6906 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
6907 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
6908 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
6909 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
6910 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
6911 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
6912 
6913 /*
6914 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6915 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6916 **
6917 ** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6918 ** ^Module names must be registered before
6919 ** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6920 ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6921 **
6922 ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6923 ** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6924 ** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6925 ** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6926 ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6927 ** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6928 ** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6929 **
6930 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6931 ** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6932 ** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6933 ** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6934 ** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6935 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6936 ** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6937 ** destructor.
6938 **
6939 ** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
6940 ** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
6941 ** same name are dropped.
6942 **
6943 ** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
6944 */
6945 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
6946   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6947   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6948   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6949   void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6950 );
6951 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6952   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6953   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6954   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6955   void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6956   void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6957 );
6958 
6959 /*
6960 ** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
6961 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6962 **
6963 ** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
6964 ** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
6965 ** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
6966 ** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
6967 ** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
6968 **
6969 ** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
6970 */
6971 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_drop_modules(
6972   sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
6973   const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
6974 );
6975 
6976 /*
6977 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6978 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6979 **
6980 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6981 ** of this object to describe a particular instance
6982 ** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6983 ** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6984 ** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6985 ** common to all module implementations.
6986 **
6987 ** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6988 ** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6989 ** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6990 ** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6991 ** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6992 ** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6993 */
6994 struct sqlite3_vtab {
6995   const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6996   int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6997   char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6998   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6999 };
7000 
7001 /*
7002 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
7003 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
7004 **
7005 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
7006 ** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
7007 ** [virtual table] and are used
7008 ** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
7009 ** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
7010 ** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
7011 ** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
7012 ** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
7013 ** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
7014 **
7015 ** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
7016 ** are common to all implementations.
7017 */
7018 struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
7019   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
7020   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7021 };
7022 
7023 /*
7024 ** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
7025 **
7026 ** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
7027 ** [virtual table module] call this interface
7028 ** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
7029 ** the virtual tables they implement.
7030 */
7031 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
7032 
7033 /*
7034 ** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
7035 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7036 **
7037 ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
7038 ** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
7039 ** But global versions of those functions
7040 ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
7041 **
7042 ** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
7043 ** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
7044 ** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
7045 ** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
7046 ** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
7047 ** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
7048 ** by a [virtual table].
7049 */
7050 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
7051 
7052 /*
7053 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
7054 ** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
7055 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
7056 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
7057 **
7058 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
7059 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
7060 */
7061 
7062 /*
7063 ** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
7064 ** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
7065 **
7066 ** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
7067 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
7068 ** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
7069 ** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7070 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
7071 ** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
7072 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
7073 */
7074 typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
7075 
7076 /*
7077 ** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
7078 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7079 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7080 **
7081 ** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
7082 ** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
7083 ** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
7084 **
7085 ** <pre>
7086 **     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
7087 ** </pre>)^
7088 **
7089 ** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
7090 ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
7091 ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
7092 ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
7093 ** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
7094 **
7095 ** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
7096 ** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
7097 ** read-only access.
7098 **
7099 ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
7100 ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
7101 ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
7102 ** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
7103 ** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
7104 **
7105 ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
7106 ** <ul>
7107 **   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
7108 **   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
7109 **   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
7110 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
7111 **   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
7112 **   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
7113 **         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
7114 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
7115 **         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
7116 **   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
7117 **         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
7118 **         being opened for read/write access)^.
7119 ** </ul>
7120 **
7121 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
7122 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7123 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7124 **
7125 ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
7126 ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
7127 ** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
7128 ** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
7129 ** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
7130 ** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
7131 **
7132 ** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
7133 ** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
7134 ** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
7135 ** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
7136 ** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
7137 ** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
7138 ** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7139 ** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
7140 ** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
7141 ** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
7142 **
7143 ** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
7144 ** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
7145 ** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
7146 ** blob.
7147 **
7148 ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
7149 ** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
7150 ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
7151 **
7152 ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
7153 ** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7154 **
7155 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
7156 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
7157 ** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7158 */
7159 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
7160   sqlite3*,
7161   const char *zDb,
7162   const char *zTable,
7163   const char *zColumn,
7164   sqlite3_int64 iRow,
7165   int flags,
7166   sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
7167 );
7168 
7169 /*
7170 ** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
7171 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7172 **
7173 ** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
7174 ** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
7175 ** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
7176 ** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
7177 ** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
7178 ** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
7179 **
7180 ** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
7181 ** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
7182 ** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
7183 ** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
7184 ** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
7185 ** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
7186 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
7187 ** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
7188 ** always returns zero.
7189 **
7190 ** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
7191 */
7192 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
7193 
7194 /*
7195 ** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
7196 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7197 **
7198 ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
7199 ** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
7200 ** handle is still closed.)^
7201 **
7202 ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
7203 ** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
7204 ** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
7205 ** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
7206 ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
7207 **
7208 ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
7209 ** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
7210 ** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
7211 ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
7212 ** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
7213 ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
7214 */
7215 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
7216 
7217 /*
7218 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
7219 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7220 **
7221 ** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
7222 ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
7223 ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
7224 ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
7225 **
7226 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7227 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7228 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7229 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7230 */
7231 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
7232 
7233 /*
7234 ** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
7235 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7236 **
7237 ** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
7238 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
7239 ** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7240 **
7241 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7242 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
7243 ** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
7244 ** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
7245 ** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
7246 **
7247 ** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7248 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7249 **
7250 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
7251 ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7252 **
7253 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7254 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7255 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7256 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7257 **
7258 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7259 */
7260 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7261 
7262 /*
7263 ** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7264 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7265 **
7266 ** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7267 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7268 ** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7269 **
7270 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7271 ** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7272 ** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7273 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7274 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7275 **
7276 ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7277 ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7278 ** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7279 **
7280 ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7281 ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7282 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7283 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7284 ** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7285 ** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7286 ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7287 **
7288 ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7289 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7290 ** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7291 ** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7292 ** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7293 ** or by other independent statements.
7294 **
7295 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7296 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7297 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7298 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7299 **
7300 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7301 */
7302 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7303 
7304 /*
7305 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7306 **
7307 ** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7308 ** that SQLite uses to interact
7309 ** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7310 ** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7311 ** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7312 ** The following interfaces are provided.
7313 **
7314 ** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7315 ** ^Names are case sensitive.
7316 ** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7317 ** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7318 ** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7319 **
7320 ** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7321 ** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7322 ** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7323 ** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7324 ** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7325 ** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7326 ** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7327 ** then the behavior is undefined.
7328 **
7329 ** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7330 ** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7331 ** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7332 */
7333 SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7334 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7335 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7336 
7337 /*
7338 ** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7339 **
7340 ** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7341 ** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7342 ** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7343 ** permitted to use any of these routines.
7344 **
7345 ** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7346 ** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7347 ** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7348 ** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7349 **
7350 ** <ul>
7351 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7352 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7353 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7354 ** </ul>
7355 **
7356 ** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7357 ** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7358 ** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7359 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7360 ** and Windows.
7361 **
7362 ** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7363 ** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7364 ** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7365 ** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7366 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7367 ** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7368 ** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7369 **
7370 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7371 ** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7372 ** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7373 ** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7374 ** integer constants:
7375 **
7376 ** <ul>
7377 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7378 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7379 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
7380 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7381 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7382 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7383 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7384 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7385 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7386 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7387 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7388 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7389 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7390 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7391 ** </ul>
7392 **
7393 ** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7394 ** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7395 ** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7396 ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7397 ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7398 ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7399 ** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7400 ** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7401 ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7402 ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7403 **
7404 ** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7405 ** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7406 ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7407 ** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7408 ** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7409 ** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7410 ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7411 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7412 **
7413 ** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7414 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7415 ** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7416 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7417 ** the same type number.
7418 **
7419 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7420 ** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7421 ** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7422 **
7423 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7424 ** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7425 ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7426 ** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7427 ** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7428 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7429 ** In such cases, the
7430 ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7431 ** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7432 ** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7433 **
7434 ** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7435 ** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7436 ** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7437 ** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7438 ** behavior.)^
7439 **
7440 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7441 ** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7442 ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7443 ** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7444 **
7445 ** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7446 ** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7447 ** behave as no-ops.
7448 **
7449 ** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7450 */
7451 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7452 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7453 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7454 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7455 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7456 
7457 /*
7458 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7459 **
7460 ** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7461 ** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7462 **
7463 ** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7464 ** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7465 ** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7466 ** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7467 ** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7468 ** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7469 ** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7470 ** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7471 ** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7472 **
7473 ** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7474 ** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7475 ** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7476 ** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7477 **
7478 ** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7479 ** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7480 ** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7481 ** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7482 ** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7483 ** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7484 **
7485 ** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7486 ** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7487 ** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7488 **
7489 ** <ul>
7490 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7491 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7492 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7493 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7494 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7495 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7496 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7497 ** </ul>)^
7498 **
7499 ** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7500 ** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7501 ** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7502 ** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
7503 ** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7504 ** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7505 ** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7506 **
7507 ** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7508 ** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7509 ** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7510 ** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7511 **
7512 ** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7513 ** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7514 ** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7515 ** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7516 **
7517 ** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7518 ** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7519 ** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7520 ** prior to returning.
7521 */
7522 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7523 struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7524   int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7525   int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7526   sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7527   void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7528   void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7529   int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7530   void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7531   int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7532   int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7533 };
7534 
7535 /*
7536 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7537 **
7538 ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7539 ** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7540 ** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7541 ** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7542 ** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7543 ** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7544 ** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7545 ** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7546 **
7547 ** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7548 ** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7549 **
7550 ** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7551 ** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7552 ** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7553 ** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7554 **
7555 ** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7556 ** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7557 ** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7558 ** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7559 ** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7560 ** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7561 ** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7562 ** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7563 */
7564 #ifndef NDEBUG
7565 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7566 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7567 #endif
7568 
7569 /*
7570 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7571 **
7572 ** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7573 ** which is one of these integer constants.
7574 **
7575 ** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7576 ** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7577 ** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7578 */
7579 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7580 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7581 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7582 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7583 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7584 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7585 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7586 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7587 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7588 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7589 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7590 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7591 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7592 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7593 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7594 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7595 
7596 /*
7597 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7598 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7599 **
7600 ** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7601 ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7602 ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7603 ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7604 ** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7605 */
7606 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7607 
7608 /*
7609 ** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7610 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7611 ** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7612 **
7613 ** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7614 ** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7615 ** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7616 ** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7617 ** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7618 ** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7619 ** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7620 ** main database file.
7621 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7622 ** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7623 ** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7624 ** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7625 **
7626 ** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7627 ** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7628 ** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7629 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7630 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7631 ** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7632 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7633 ** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7634 ** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7635 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7636 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7637 ** from the pager.
7638 **
7639 ** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7640 ** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7641 ** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7642 ** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7643 ** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7644 ** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7645 ** xFileControl method.
7646 **
7647 ** See also: [file control opcodes]
7648 */
7649 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7650 
7651 /*
7652 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7653 **
7654 ** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7655 ** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7656 ** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7657 ** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7658 **
7659 ** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7660 ** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7661 ** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7662 **
7663 ** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7664 ** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7665 ** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7666 ** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7667 */
7668 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7669 
7670 /*
7671 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7672 **
7673 ** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7674 ** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7675 **
7676 ** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7677 ** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7678 ** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7679 ** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7680 */
7681 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7682 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7683 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7684 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7685 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7686 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7687 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7688 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7689 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7690 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7691 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
7692 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7693 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7694 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7695 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7696 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7697 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7698 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7699 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7700 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7701 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7702 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7703 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7704 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7705 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7706 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7707 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7708 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7709 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    29  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7710 
7711 /*
7712 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7713 **
7714 ** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7715 ** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7716 ** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7717 ** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7718 **
7719 ** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7720 ** keywords understood by SQLite.
7721 **
7722 ** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7723 ** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7724 ** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7725 ** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7726 ** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7727 ** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7728 ** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7729 **
7730 ** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7731 ** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7732 ** if it is and zero if not.
7733 **
7734 ** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7735 ** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7736 ** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7737 ** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7738 ** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7739 ** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7740 ** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7741 ** name collisions include:
7742 ** <ul>
7743 ** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7744 **      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7745 ** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7746 **      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7747 **      technique.
7748 ** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7749 **      with "Z".
7750 ** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7751 ** </ul>
7752 **
7753 ** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7754 ** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7755 ** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7756 ** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7757 */
7758 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7759 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7760 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7761 
7762 /*
7763 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7764 ** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7765 **
7766 ** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7767 ** string under construction.
7768 **
7769 ** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7770 ** <ol>
7771 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7772 ** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7773 ** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7774 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7775 ** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7776 ** </ol>
7777 */
7778 typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7779 
7780 /*
7781 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7782 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7783 **
7784 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7785 ** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7786 ** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7787 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7788 **
7789 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7790 ** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7791 ** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7792 ** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7793 ** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7794 ** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7795 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7796 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7797 ** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7798 **
7799 ** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7800 ** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7801 ** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7802 ** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7803 ** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7804 */
7805 SQLITE_API sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7806 
7807 /*
7808 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7809 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7810 **
7811 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7812 ** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7813 ** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7814 ** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7815 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7816 ** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7817 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7818 ** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7819 */
7820 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7821 
7822 /*
7823 ** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7824 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7825 **
7826 ** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7827 ** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7828 **
7829 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7830 ** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7831 ** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7832 ** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7833 **
7834 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7835 ** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7836 ** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7837 ** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7838 ** method instead.
7839 **
7840 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7841 ** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7842 **
7843 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7844 ** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7845 ** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7846 **
7847 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7848 ** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7849 **
7850 ** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7851 ** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7852 ** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7853 */
7854 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7855 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7856 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7857 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7858 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7859 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7860 
7861 /*
7862 ** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7863 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7864 **
7865 ** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7866 **
7867 ** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7868 ** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7869 ** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7870 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7871 ** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7872 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7873 **
7874 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
7875 ** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
7876 ** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
7877 ** zero-termination byte.
7878 **
7879 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
7880 ** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
7881 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
7882 ** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
7883 ** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
7884 ** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
7885 ** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
7886 ** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
7887 ** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
7888 ** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
7889 */
7890 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
7891 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
7892 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
7893 
7894 /*
7895 ** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
7896 **
7897 ** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
7898 ** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
7899 ** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
7900 ** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
7901 ** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
7902 ** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
7903 ** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
7904 ** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
7905 ** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
7906 ** value.  For those parameters
7907 ** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
7908 ** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
7909 ** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
7910 **
7911 ** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
7912 ** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
7913 **
7914 ** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
7915 ** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
7916 ** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
7917 **
7918 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
7919 */
7920 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
7921 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
7922   int op,
7923   sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
7924   sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
7925   int resetFlag
7926 );
7927 
7928 
7929 /*
7930 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
7931 ** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
7932 **
7933 ** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
7934 ** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
7935 **
7936 ** <dl>
7937 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
7938 ** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
7939 ** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
7940 ** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
7941 ** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
7942 ** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
7943 ** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
7944 ** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
7945 **
7946 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
7947 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7948 ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
7949 ** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
7950 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7951 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7952 **
7953 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
7954 ** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
7955 ** currently checked out.</dd>)^
7956 **
7957 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
7958 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
7959 ** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
7960 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
7961 ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
7962 **
7963 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
7964 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
7965 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
7966 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
7967 ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
7968 ** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
7969 ** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
7970 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
7971 ** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
7972 **
7973 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
7974 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7975 ** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
7976 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7977 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7978 **
7979 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
7980 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7981 **
7982 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
7983 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7984 **
7985 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
7986 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7987 **
7988 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
7989 ** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
7990 ** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
7991 ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
7992 ** </dl>
7993 **
7994 ** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
7995 */
7996 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
7997 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
7998 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
7999 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
8000 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
8001 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
8002 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
8003 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
8004 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
8005 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
8006 
8007 /*
8008 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
8009 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8010 **
8011 ** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
8012 ** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
8013 ** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
8014 ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
8015 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
8016 ** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
8017 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
8018 ** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
8019 **
8020 ** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
8021 ** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
8022 ** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
8023 ** reset back down to the current value.
8024 **
8025 ** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
8026 ** non-zero [error code] on failure.
8027 **
8028 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
8029 */
8030 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
8031 
8032 /*
8033 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
8034 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
8035 **
8036 ** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
8037 ** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
8038 **
8039 ** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
8040 ** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
8041 ** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
8042 ** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
8043 ** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
8044 **
8045 ** <dl>
8046 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
8047 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
8048 ** checked out.</dd>)^
8049 **
8050 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
8051 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
8052 ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8053 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8054 **
8055 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
8056 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
8057 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8058 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
8059 ** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
8060 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8061 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8062 **
8063 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
8064 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
8065 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8066 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
8067 ** memory already being in use.
8068 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8069 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8070 **
8071 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
8072 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8073 ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
8074 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
8075 **
8076 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
8077 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
8078 ** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
8079 ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
8080 ** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
8081 ** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
8082 ** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
8083 ** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
8084 ** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
8085 ** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
8086 ** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
8087 **
8088 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
8089 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8090 ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
8091 ** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
8092 ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
8093 ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
8094 ** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
8095 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
8096 **
8097 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
8098 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8099 ** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
8100 ** the database connection.)^
8101 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
8102 ** </dd>
8103 **
8104 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
8105 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
8106 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
8107 ** is always 0.
8108 ** </dd>
8109 **
8110 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
8111 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
8112 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
8113 ** is always 0.
8114 ** </dd>
8115 **
8116 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
8117 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8118 ** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
8119 ** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
8120 ** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
8121 ** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
8122 ** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
8123 ** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
8124 ** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
8125 ** </dd>
8126 **
8127 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
8128 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8129 ** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
8130 ** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
8131 ** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
8132 ** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
8133 ** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
8134 ** </dd>
8135 **
8136 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
8137 ** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
8138 ** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
8139 ** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
8140 ** </dd>
8141 ** </dl>
8142 */
8143 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
8144 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
8145 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
8146 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
8147 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
8148 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
8149 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
8150 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
8151 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
8152 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
8153 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
8154 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
8155 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
8156 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
8157 
8158 
8159 /*
8160 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
8161 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8162 **
8163 ** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
8164 ** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
8165 ** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
8166 ** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
8167 ** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
8168 ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
8169 ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
8170 ** an index.
8171 **
8172 ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
8173 ** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
8174 ** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
8175 ** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
8176 ** to be interrogated.)^
8177 ** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
8178 ** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
8179 ** interface call returns.
8180 **
8181 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
8182 */
8183 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
8184 
8185 /*
8186 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
8187 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
8188 **
8189 ** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
8190 ** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
8191 ** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
8192 **
8193 ** <dl>
8194 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
8195 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
8196 ** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
8197 ** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
8198 ** careful use of indices.</dd>
8199 **
8200 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
8201 ** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
8202 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8203 ** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
8204 **
8205 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
8206 ** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
8207 ** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
8208 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8209 ** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
8210 ** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
8211 **
8212 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
8213 ** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
8214 ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
8215 ** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
8216 ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
8217 ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
8218 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
8219 **
8220 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
8221 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
8222 ** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
8223 ** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
8224 **
8225 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
8226 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
8227 ** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
8228 ** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
8229 ** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
8230 ** cycle.
8231 **
8232 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
8233 ** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
8234 ** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
8235 ** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
8236 ** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
8237 ** </dd>
8238 ** </dl>
8239 */
8240 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
8241 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
8242 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
8243 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
8244 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
8245 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
8246 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
8247 
8248 /*
8249 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8250 **
8251 ** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
8252 ** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
8253 ** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
8254 ** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
8255 ** to the object.
8256 **
8257 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8258 */
8259 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8260 
8261 /*
8262 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8263 **
8264 ** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8265 ** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8266 ** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8267 ** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8268 **
8269 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8270 */
8271 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8272 struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8273   void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8274   void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8275 };
8276 
8277 /*
8278 ** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8279 ** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8280 **
8281 ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8282 ** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8283 ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8284 ** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8285 ** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8286 ** By implementing a
8287 ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8288 ** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8289 ** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8290 ** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8291 ** how long.
8292 **
8293 ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8294 ** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8295 ** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8296 **
8297 ** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8298 ** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8299 ** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8300 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8301 **
8302 ** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8303 ** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8304 ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8305 ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8306 ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8307 ** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8308 ** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8309 ** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8310 ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8311 ** page cache.)^
8312 **
8313 ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8314 ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8315 ** It can be used to clean up
8316 ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8317 ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8318 **
8319 ** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8320 ** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8321 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8322 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8323 ** in multithreaded applications.
8324 **
8325 ** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8326 ** call to xShutdown().
8327 **
8328 ** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8329 ** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8330 ** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8331 ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8332 ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8333 ** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8334 ** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8335 ** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8336 ** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8337 ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8338 ** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8339 ** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8340 ** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8341 ** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8342 ** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8343 ** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8344 ** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8345 ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8346 ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8347 ** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8348 ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8349 ** never contain any unpinned pages.
8350 **
8351 ** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8352 ** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8353 ** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8354 ** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8355 ** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8356 ** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8357 ** value; it is advisory only.
8358 **
8359 ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8360 ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8361 ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8362 **
8363 ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8364 ** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8365 ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8366 ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8367 ** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8368 ** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8369 ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8370 ** for each entry in the page cache.
8371 **
8372 ** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8373 ** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8374 ** to be "pinned".
8375 **
8376 ** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8377 ** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8378 ** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8379 ** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8380 ** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8381 **
8382 ** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8383 ** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8384 ** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8385 ** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8386 **                 Otherwise return NULL.
8387 ** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8388 **                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8389 ** </table>
8390 **
8391 ** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8392 ** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8393 ** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8394 ** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8395 ** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8396 **
8397 ** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8398 ** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8399 ** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8400 ** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8401 ** ^If the discard parameter is
8402 ** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8403 ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8404 ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8405 **
8406 ** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8407 ** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8408 ** to xFetch().
8409 **
8410 ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8411 ** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8412 ** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8413 ** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8414 ** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8415 ** to be pinned.
8416 **
8417 ** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8418 ** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8419 ** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8420 ** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8421 ** they can be safely discarded.
8422 **
8423 ** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8424 ** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8425 ** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8426 ** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8427 ** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8428 ** functions.
8429 **
8430 ** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8431 ** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8432 ** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8433 ** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8434 ** do their best.
8435 */
8436 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8437 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8438   int iVersion;
8439   void *pArg;
8440   int (*xInit)(void*);
8441   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8442   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8443   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8444   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8445   sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8446   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8447   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8448       unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8449   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8450   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8451   void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8452 };
8453 
8454 /*
8455 ** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8456 ** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8457 ** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8458 */
8459 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8460 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8461   void *pArg;
8462   int (*xInit)(void*);
8463   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8464   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8465   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8466   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8467   void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8468   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8469   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8470   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8471   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8472 };
8473 
8474 
8475 /*
8476 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8477 **
8478 ** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8479 ** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8480 ** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8481 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8482 **
8483 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8484 */
8485 typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8486 
8487 /*
8488 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8489 **
8490 ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8491 ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8492 ** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8493 **
8494 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8495 **
8496 ** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8497 ** for the duration of the backup operation.
8498 ** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8499 ** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8500 ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8501 ** preventing other database connections from
8502 ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8503 **
8504 ** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8505 **   <ol>
8506 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8507 **         backup,
8508 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8509 **         the data between the two databases, and finally
8510 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8511 **         associated with the backup operation.
8512 **   </ol>)^
8513 ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8514 ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8515 **
8516 ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8517 **
8518 ** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8519 ** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8520 ** and the database name, respectively.
8521 ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8522 ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8523 ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8524 ** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8525 ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8526 ** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8527 ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8528 ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8529 ** an error.
8530 **
8531 ** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8532 ** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8533 ** destination database.
8534 **
8535 ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8536 ** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8537 ** destination [database connection] D.
8538 ** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8539 ** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8540 ** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8541 ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8542 ** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8543 ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8544 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8545 ** operation.
8546 **
8547 ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8548 **
8549 ** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8550 ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8551 ** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8552 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8553 ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8554 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8555 ** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8556 ** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8557 ** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8558 ** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8559 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8560 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8561 **
8562 ** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8563 ** <ol>
8564 ** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8565 ** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8566 ** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8567 ** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8568 ** destination and source page sizes differ.
8569 ** </ol>)^
8570 **
8571 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8572 ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8573 ** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8574 ** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8575 ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8576 ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8577 ** [database connection]
8578 ** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8579 ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8580 ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8581 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8582 ** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8583 ** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8584 ** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8585 ** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8586 ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8587 **
8588 ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8589 ** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8590 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8591 ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8592 ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8593 ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8594 ** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8595 ** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8596 ** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8597 ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8598 ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8599 ** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8600 ** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8601 ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8602 ** updated at the same time.
8603 **
8604 ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8605 **
8606 ** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8607 ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8608 ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8609 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8610 ** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8611 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8612 ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8613 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8614 ** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8615 **
8616 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8617 ** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8618 ** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8619 ** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8620 ** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8621 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8622 **
8623 ** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8624 ** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8625 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8626 **
8627 ** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8628 ** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8629 **
8630 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8631 ** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8632 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8633 ** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8634 ** sqlite3_backup_step().
8635 ** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8636 ** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8637 ** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8638 ** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8639 ** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8640 ** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8641 **
8642 ** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8643 **
8644 ** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8645 ** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8646 ** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8647 ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8648 ** from within other threads.
8649 **
8650 ** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8651 ** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8652 ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8653 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8654 ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8655 ** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8656 ** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8657 ** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8658 **
8659 ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8660 ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8661 ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8662 ** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8663 ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8664 ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8665 **
8666 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8667 ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8668 ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8669 ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8670 ** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8671 ** possible that they return invalid values.
8672 */
8673 SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8674   sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8675   const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8676   sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8677   const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8678 );
8679 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8680 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8681 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8682 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8683 
8684 /*
8685 ** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8686 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8687 **
8688 ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8689 ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8690 ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8691 ** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8692 ** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8693 ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8694 ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8695 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8696 **
8697 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8698 **
8699 ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8700 ** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8701 **
8702 ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8703 ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8704 ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8705 ** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8706 ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8707 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8708 ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8709 ** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8710 ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8711 ** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
8712 **
8713 ** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8714 ** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8715 ** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8716 ** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8717 ** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8718 **
8719 ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8720 ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8721 ** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8722 ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8723 **
8724 ** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8725 ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8726 ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8727 ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8728 ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8729 ** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8730 ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8731 ** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8732 **
8733 ** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8734 ** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8735 ** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8736 **
8737 ** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8738 ** returns SQLITE_OK.
8739 **
8740 ** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8741 **
8742 ** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8743 ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8744 ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8745 ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8746 ** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8747 ** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8748 **
8749 ** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
8750 ** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8751 ** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8752 ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8753 ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8754 ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8755 ** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8756 ** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8757 **
8758 ** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8759 **
8760 ** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8761 ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8762 ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8763 ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8764 ** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8765 ** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8766 ** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8767 **
8768 ** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8769 ** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8770 ** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8771 ** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8772 ** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8773 ** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8774 ** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8775 ** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8776 ** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8777 ** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8778 ** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8779 ** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8780 **
8781 ** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8782 **
8783 ** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8784 ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8785 ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8786 ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8787 ** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8788 ** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8789 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8790 ** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8791 ** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8792 **
8793 ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8794 ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8795 ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8796 ** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8797 ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8798 */
8799 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8800   sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8801   void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8802   void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8803 );
8804 
8805 
8806 /*
8807 ** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8808 **
8809 ** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8810 ** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8811 ** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8812 ** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8813 */
8814 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8815 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8816 
8817 /*
8818 ** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8819 *
8820 ** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8821 ** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8822 ** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8823 ** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8824 ** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8825 ** is case sensitive.
8826 **
8827 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8828 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8829 **
8830 ** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8831 */
8832 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8833 
8834 /*
8835 ** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8836 *
8837 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8838 ** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8839 ** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8840 ** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8841 ** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8842 ** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8843 ** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8844 ** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8845 ** one another.
8846 **
8847 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8848 ** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8849 **
8850 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8851 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8852 **
8853 ** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8854 */
8855 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8856 
8857 /*
8858 ** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8859 **
8860 ** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8861 ** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8862 ** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8863 ** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8864 **
8865 ** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8866 ** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8867 ** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8868 ** is considered bad form.
8869 **
8870 ** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8871 **
8872 ** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8873 ** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8874 ** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
8875 ** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
8876 ** buffer.
8877 */
8878 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
8879 
8880 /*
8881 ** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
8882 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8883 **
8884 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
8885 ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
8886 **
8887 ** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
8888 ** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
8889 ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
8890 **
8891 ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
8892 ** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
8893 ** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
8894 ** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
8895 ** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
8896 ** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
8897 ** including those that were just committed.
8898 **
8899 ** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
8900 ** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
8901 ** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
8902 ** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
8903 ** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
8904 ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
8905 ** are undefined.
8906 **
8907 ** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
8908 ** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
8909 ** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
8910 ** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
8911 ** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
8912 ** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
8913 */
8914 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
8915   sqlite3*,
8916   int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
8917   void*
8918 );
8919 
8920 /*
8921 ** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
8922 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8923 **
8924 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
8925 ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
8926 ** to automatically [checkpoint]
8927 ** after committing a transaction if there are N or
8928 ** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
8929 ** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
8930 ** checkpoints entirely.
8931 **
8932 ** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
8933 ** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
8934 ** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
8935 ** configured by this function.
8936 **
8937 ** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
8938 ** from SQL.
8939 **
8940 ** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
8941 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
8942 **
8943 ** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
8944 ** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
8945 ** pages.  The use of this interface
8946 ** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
8947 ** for a particular application.
8948 */
8949 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
8950 
8951 /*
8952 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8953 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8954 **
8955 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
8956 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
8957 **
8958 ** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
8959 ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
8960 ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
8961 ** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
8962 ** information.
8963 **
8964 ** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
8965 ** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
8966 ** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
8967 ** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
8968 ** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
8969 ** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
8970 */
8971 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8972 
8973 /*
8974 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8975 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8976 **
8977 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
8978 ** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
8979 ** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
8980 ** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
8981 **
8982 ** <dl>
8983 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
8984 **   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
8985 **   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
8986 **   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
8987 **   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
8988 **   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
8989 **   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
8990 **
8991 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
8992 **   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
8993 **   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
8994 **   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
8995 **   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
8996 **   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
8997 **   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
8998 **
8999 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
9000 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
9001 **   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
9002 **   [busy-handler callback])
9003 **   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
9004 **   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
9005 **   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
9006 **   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
9007 **
9008 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
9009 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
9010 **   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
9011 **   to a successful return.
9012 ** </dl>
9013 **
9014 ** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
9015 ** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
9016 ** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
9017 ** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
9018 ** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
9019 ** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
9020 ** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
9021 ** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
9022 ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
9023 **
9024 ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
9025 ** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
9026 ** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
9027 ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
9028 **
9029 ** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
9030 ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
9031 ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
9032 ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
9033 ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
9034 ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
9035 ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
9036 ** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
9037 ** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
9038 ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
9039 **
9040 ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
9041 ** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
9042 ** [database connection] db.  In this case the
9043 ** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
9044 ** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
9045 ** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
9046 ** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
9047 ** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
9048 ** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
9049 ** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
9050 ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9051 **
9052 ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
9053 ** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
9054 ** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
9055 ** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
9056 **
9057 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
9058 ** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
9059 ** sets the error information that is queried by
9060 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
9061 **
9062 ** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
9063 ** from SQL.
9064 */
9065 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
9066   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9067   const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
9068   int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
9069   int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
9070   int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
9071 );
9072 
9073 /*
9074 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
9075 ** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
9076 **
9077 ** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
9078 ** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
9079 ** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
9080 ** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
9081 */
9082 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
9083 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
9084 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
9085 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
9086 
9087 /*
9088 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
9089 **
9090 ** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
9091 ** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
9092 ** various facets of the virtual table interface.
9093 **
9094 ** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
9095 ** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
9096 **
9097 ** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
9098 ** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
9099 ** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
9100 ** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
9101 ** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
9102 ** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
9103 ** is used.
9104 */
9105 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
9106 
9107 /*
9108 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
9109 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
9110 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
9111 **
9112 ** These macros define the various options to the
9113 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
9114 ** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
9115 **
9116 ** <dl>
9117 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
9118 ** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
9119 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9120 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
9121 ** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
9122 ** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
9123 ** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
9124 ** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
9125 ** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
9126 ** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
9127 ** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
9128 **
9129 ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
9130 ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
9131 ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
9132 ** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
9133 ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
9134 ** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
9135 ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
9136 ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
9137 ** had been ABORT.
9138 **
9139 ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
9140 ** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
9141 ** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
9142 ** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
9143 ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
9144 ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
9145 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
9146 ** constraint handling.
9147 ** </dd>
9148 **
9149 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
9150 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9151 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
9152 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9153 ** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
9154 ** views.
9155 ** </dd>
9156 **
9157 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
9158 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9159 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
9160 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9161 ** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
9162 ** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
9163 ** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
9164 ** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
9165 ** flag unless absolutely necessary.
9166 ** </dd>
9167 ** </dl>
9168 */
9169 #define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
9170 #define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
9171 #define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
9172 
9173 /*
9174 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
9175 **
9176 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
9177 ** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
9178 ** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
9179 ** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9180 ** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
9181 ** [virtual table].
9182 */
9183 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
9184 
9185 /*
9186 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
9187 **
9188 ** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
9189 ** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the
9190 ** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
9191 ** column value will not change.  Applications might use this to substitute
9192 ** a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding
9193 ** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
9194 **
9195 ** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
9196 ** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
9197 ** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
9198 ** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
9199 ** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
9200 ** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
9201 */
9202 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
9203 
9204 /*
9205 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
9206 **
9207 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
9208 ** method of a [virtual table].
9209 **
9210 ** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
9211 ** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
9212 ** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
9213 ** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
9214 ** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
9215 ** constraint.
9216 */
9217 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
9218 
9219 /*
9220 ** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
9221 ** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
9222 **
9223 ** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
9224 ** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9225 ** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
9226 **
9227 ** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
9228 ** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
9229 ** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
9230 */
9231 #define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
9232 /* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
9233 #define SQLITE_FAIL     3
9234 /* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
9235 #define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
9236 
9237 /*
9238 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
9239 ** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
9240 **
9241 ** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
9242 ** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
9243 ** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
9244 **
9245 ** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
9246 ** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
9247 ** S is finalized.
9248 **
9249 ** <dl>
9250 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
9251 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
9252 ** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
9253 **
9254 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
9255 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9256 ** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
9257 **
9258 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
9259 ** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9260 ** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
9261 ** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
9262 ** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
9263 ** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
9264 ** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
9265 **
9266 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
9267 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9268 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
9269 ** used for the X-th loop.
9270 **
9271 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
9272 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9273 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
9274 ** description for the X-th loop.
9275 **
9276 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
9277 ** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9278 ** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
9279 ** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
9280 ** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
9281 ** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
9282 ** </dl>
9283 */
9284 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
9285 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
9286 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
9287 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9288 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9289 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9290 
9291 /*
9292 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9293 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9294 **
9295 ** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9296 ** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9297 ** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9298 ** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9299 **
9300 ** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9301 ** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9302 ** compile-time option.
9303 **
9304 ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9305 ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9306 ** of this interface is undefined.
9307 ** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9308 ** the "pOut" parameter.
9309 ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9310 ** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9311 ** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9312 ** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9313 ** points to is unchanged.
9314 **
9315 ** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9316 ** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9317 ** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9318 ** that pOut points to unchanged.
9319 **
9320 ** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9321 */
9322 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9323   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9324   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9325   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9326   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9327 );
9328 
9329 /*
9330 ** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9331 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9332 **
9333 ** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9334 **
9335 ** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9336 ** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9337 */
9338 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9339 
9340 /*
9341 ** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9342 **
9343 ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9344 ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9345 ** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9346 ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9347 ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9348 ** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9349 ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9350 ** any [attached] databases.
9351 **
9352 ** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9353 ** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9354 ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9355 ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9356 ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9357 ** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9358 ** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9359 ** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9360 **
9361 ** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9362 ** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9363 ** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9364 **
9365 ** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9366 **
9367 ** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9368 ** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9369 */
9370 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9371 
9372 /*
9373 ** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9374 **
9375 ** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9376 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9377 **
9378 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9379 ** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9380 ** on a database table.
9381 ** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9382 ** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9383 ** the previous setting.
9384 ** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9385 ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9386 ** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9387 ** the first parameter to callbacks.
9388 **
9389 ** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9390 ** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9391 ** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1.
9392 **
9393 ** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9394 ** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9395 ** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9396 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9397 ** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9398 ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9399 ** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9400 ** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9401 ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9402 ** databases.)^
9403 ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9404 ** table that is being modified.
9405 **
9406 ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9407 ** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9408 ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9409 ** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9410 ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9411 ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9412 ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9413 ** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9414 ** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
9415 **
9416 ** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9417 ** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9418 ** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9419 ** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9420 ** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9421 ** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9422 ** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9423 ** behavior.
9424 **
9425 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9426 ** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9427 **
9428 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9429 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9430 ** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9431 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9432 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9433 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9434 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9435 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9436 **
9437 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9438 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9439 ** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9440 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9441 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9442 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9443 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9444 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9445 **
9446 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9447 ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9448 ** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9449 ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9450 ** triggers; and so forth.
9451 **
9452 ** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9453 */
9454 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9455 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9456   sqlite3 *db,
9457   void(*xPreUpdate)(
9458     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9459     sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9460     int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9461     char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9462     char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9463     sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9464     sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9465   ),
9466   void*
9467 );
9468 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9469 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9470 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9471 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9472 #endif
9473 
9474 /*
9475 ** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9476 **
9477 ** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9478 ** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9479 ** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9480 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9481 ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9482 ** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9483 */
9484 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9485 
9486 /*
9487 ** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9488 ** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9489 **
9490 ** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9491 ** database for some specific point in history.
9492 **
9493 ** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9494 ** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9495 ** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9496 ** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9497 ** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9498 ** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9499 ** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9500 **
9501 ** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9502 ** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9503 ** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9504 ** the most recent version.
9505 */
9506 typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9507   unsigned char hidden[48];
9508 } sqlite3_snapshot;
9509 
9510 /*
9511 ** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9512 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9513 **
9514 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9515 ** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9516 ** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9517 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9518 ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9519 ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9520 ** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9521 **
9522 ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9523 ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9524 ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9525 ** in this case.
9526 **
9527 ** <ul>
9528 **   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9529 **
9530 **   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9531 **
9532 **   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9533 **        connection D.
9534 **
9535 **   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9536 **        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9537 **        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9538 **        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9539 **        must be written to it first.
9540 ** </ul>
9541 **
9542 ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9543 ** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9544 ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9545 **
9546 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9547 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9548 ** to avoid a memory leak.
9549 **
9550 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9551 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9552 */
9553 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9554   sqlite3 *db,
9555   const char *zSchema,
9556   sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9557 );
9558 
9559 /*
9560 ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9561 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9562 **
9563 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9564 ** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9565 ** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9566 ** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9567 ** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9568 ** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9569 **
9570 ** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9571 ** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9572 ** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9573 ** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9574 ** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9575 ** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9576 ** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9577 **
9578 ** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9579 ** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9580 ** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9581 **
9582 ** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9583 ** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9584 ** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9585 ** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9586 ** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9587 ** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9588 ** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9589 **
9590 ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9591 ** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9592 ** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9593 ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9594 ** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9595 ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9596 ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9597 ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9598 **
9599 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9600 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9601 */
9602 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9603   sqlite3 *db,
9604   const char *zSchema,
9605   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9606 );
9607 
9608 /*
9609 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9610 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9611 **
9612 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9613 ** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9614 ** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9615 **
9616 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9617 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9618 */
9619 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9620 
9621 /*
9622 ** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9623 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9624 **
9625 ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9626 ** of two valid snapshot handles.
9627 **
9628 ** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9629 ** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9630 **
9631 ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9632 ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9633 ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9634 ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9635 ** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9636 ** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9637 ** is undefined.
9638 **
9639 ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9640 ** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9641 ** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9642 **
9643 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9644 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9645 */
9646 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9647   sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9648   sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9649 );
9650 
9651 /*
9652 ** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9653 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9654 **
9655 ** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9656 ** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9657 ** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9658 ** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9659 ** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9660 ** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9661 ** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9662 **
9663 ** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9664 ** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9665 ** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9666 ** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9667 ** database.
9668 **
9669 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9670 **
9671 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9672 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9673 */
9674 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9675 
9676 /*
9677 ** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9678 **
9679 ** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9680 ** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9681 ** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9682 ** is written into *P.
9683 **
9684 ** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9685 ** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9686 ** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9687 ** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9688 **
9689 ** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9690 ** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9691 ** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9692 ** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9693 ** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9694 ** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9695 ** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9696 ** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9697 ** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9698 ** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9699 ** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9700 ** values of D and S.
9701 ** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9702 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9703 ** of the database exists.
9704 **
9705 ** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9706 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9707 ** allocation error occurs.
9708 **
9709 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9710 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9711 */
9712 SQLITE_API unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9713   sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9714   const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9715   sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9716   unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9717 );
9718 
9719 /*
9720 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9721 **
9722 ** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9723 ** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9724 **
9725 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9726 ** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9727 ** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9728 ** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9729 ** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9730 ** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9731 ** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9732 */
9733 #define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9734 
9735 /*
9736 ** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9737 **
9738 ** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9739 ** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9740 ** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9741 ** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9742 ** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9743 ** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9744 ** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9745 ** size does not exceed M bytes.
9746 **
9747 ** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9748 ** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9749 ** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9750 ** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9751 ** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9752 **
9753 ** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9754 ** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9755 ** operation.
9756 **
9757 ** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9758 ** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9759 ** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9760 **
9761 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9762 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9763 */
9764 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_deserialize(
9765   sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9766   const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9767   unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9768   sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9769   sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9770   unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9771 );
9772 
9773 /*
9774 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9775 **
9776 ** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9777 ** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9778 **
9779 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9780 ** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9781 ** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9782 ** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9783 ** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9784 **
9785 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9786 ** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9787 ** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9788 ** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9789 ** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9790 **
9791 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9792 ** should be treated as read-only.
9793 */
9794 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9795 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9796 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9797 
9798 /*
9799 ** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9800 ** builds on processors without floating point support.
9801 */
9802 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9803 # undef double
9804 #endif
9805 
9806 #ifdef __cplusplus
9807 }  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9808 #endif
9809 #endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9810 
9811 /******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
9812 /*
9813 ** 2010 August 30
9814 **
9815 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
9816 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
9817 **
9818 **    May you do good and not evil.
9819 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9820 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
9821 **
9822 *************************************************************************
9823 */
9824 
9825 #ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
9826 #define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
9827 
9828 
9829 #ifdef __cplusplus
9830 extern "C" {
9831 #endif
9832 
9833 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
9834 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
9835 
9836 /* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
9837 ** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
9838 */
9839 #ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
9840   typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
9841 #else
9842   typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
9843 #endif
9844 
9845 /*
9846 ** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
9847 ** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
9848 **
9849 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
9850 */
9851 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
9852   sqlite3 *db,
9853   const char *zGeom,
9854   int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
9855   void *pContext
9856 );
9857 
9858 
9859 /*
9860 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
9861 ** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
9862 */
9863 struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
9864   void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
9865   int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
9866   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
9867   void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
9868   void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
9869 };
9870 
9871 /*
9872 ** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
9873 ** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
9874 **
9875 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
9876 */
9877 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
9878   sqlite3 *db,
9879   const char *zQueryFunc,
9880   int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
9881   void *pContext,
9882   void (*xDestructor)(void*)
9883 );
9884 
9885 
9886 /*
9887 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
9888 ** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
9889 ** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
9890 **
9891 ** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
9892 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
9893 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
9894 */
9895 struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
9896   void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
9897   int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
9898   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
9899   void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
9900   void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
9901   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
9902   unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
9903   int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
9904   int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
9905   int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
9906   sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
9907   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
9908   int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
9909   int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visibility */
9910   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
9911   /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
9912   sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
9913 };
9914 
9915 /*
9916 ** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
9917 */
9918 #define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
9919 #define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
9920 #define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
9921 
9922 
9923 #ifdef __cplusplus
9924 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
9925 #endif
9926 
9927 #endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
9928 
9929 /******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
9930 /******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
9931 
9932 #if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
9933 #define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
9934 
9935 /*
9936 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
9937 */
9938 #ifdef __cplusplus
9939 extern "C" {
9940 #endif
9941 
9942 
9943 /*
9944 ** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
9945 **
9946 ** An instance of this object is a [session] that can be used to
9947 ** record changes to a database.
9948 */
9949 typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
9950 
9951 /*
9952 ** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
9953 **
9954 ** An instance of this object acts as a cursor for iterating
9955 ** over the elements of a [changeset] or [patchset].
9956 */
9957 typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
9958 
9959 /*
9960 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
9961 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
9962 **
9963 ** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
9964 ** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
9965 ** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
9966 ** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
9967 **
9968 ** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
9969 ** database handle.
9970 **
9971 ** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
9972 ** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
9973 ** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
9974 ** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
9975 ** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
9976 ** are undefined.
9977 **
9978 ** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
9979 ** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
9980 ** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
9981 ** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
9982 ** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
9983 ** either of these things are undefined.
9984 **
9985 ** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
9986 ** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
9987 ** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
9988 ** to the database when the session object is created.
9989 */
9990 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
9991   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9992   const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
9993   sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
9994 );
9995 
9996 /*
9997 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
9998 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
9999 **
10000 ** Delete a session object previously allocated using
10001 ** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
10002 ** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
10003 ** function are undefined.
10004 **
10005 ** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
10006 ** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
10007 ** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
10008 */
10009 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
10010 
10011 
10012 /*
10013 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
10014 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10015 **
10016 ** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
10017 ** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
10018 ** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
10019 ** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
10020 ** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
10021 ** the eventual changesets.
10022 **
10023 ** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
10024 ** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
10025 ** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
10026 **
10027 ** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
10028 ** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
10029 */
10030 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
10031 
10032 /*
10033 ** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
10034 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10035 **
10036 ** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
10037 ** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
10038 **
10039 ** <ul>
10040 **   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
10041 **        made, or
10042 **   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
10043 **        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
10044 ** </ul>
10045 **
10046 ** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
10047 ** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
10048 ** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
10049 **
10050 ** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
10051 ** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
10052 ** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
10053 ** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
10054 ** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
10055 ** indirect flag for the specified session object.
10056 **
10057 ** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
10058 ** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
10059 */
10060 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
10061 
10062 /*
10063 ** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
10064 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10065 **
10066 ** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
10067 ** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
10068 ** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
10069 ** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
10070 **
10071 ** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
10072 ** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
10073 ** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
10074 ** the new tables are also recorded.
10075 **
10076 ** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
10077 ** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
10078 ** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
10079 ** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
10080 **
10081 ** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
10082 ** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
10083 ** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
10084 **
10085 ** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
10086 ** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
10087 **
10088 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
10089 ** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
10090 **
10091 ** <h3>Special sqlite_stat1 Handling</h3>
10092 **
10093 ** As of SQLite version 3.22.0, the "sqlite_stat1" table is an exception to
10094 ** some of the rules above. In SQLite, the schema of sqlite_stat1 is:
10095 **  <pre>
10096 **  &nbsp;     CREATE TABLE sqlite_stat1(tbl,idx,stat)
10097 **  </pre>
10098 **
10099 ** Even though sqlite_stat1 does not have a PRIMARY KEY, changes are
10100 ** recorded for it as if the PRIMARY KEY is (tbl,idx). Additionally, changes
10101 ** are recorded for rows for which (idx IS NULL) is true. However, for such
10102 ** rows a zero-length blob (SQL value X'') is stored in the changeset or
10103 ** patchset instead of a NULL value. This allows such changesets to be
10104 ** manipulated by legacy implementations of sqlite3changeset_invert(),
10105 ** concat() and similar.
10106 **
10107 ** The sqlite3changeset_apply() function automatically converts the
10108 ** zero-length blob back to a NULL value when updating the sqlite_stat1
10109 ** table. However, if the application calls sqlite3changeset_new(),
10110 ** sqlite3changeset_old() or sqlite3changeset_conflict on a changeset
10111 ** iterator directly (including on a changeset iterator passed to a
10112 ** conflict-handler callback) then the X'' value is returned. The application
10113 ** must translate X'' to NULL itself if required.
10114 **
10115 ** Legacy (older than 3.22.0) versions of the sessions module cannot capture
10116 ** changes made to the sqlite_stat1 table. Legacy versions of the
10117 ** sqlite3changeset_apply() function silently ignore any modifications to the
10118 ** sqlite_stat1 table that are part of a changeset or patchset.
10119 */
10120 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
10121   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10122   const char *zTab                /* Table name */
10123 );
10124 
10125 /*
10126 ** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
10127 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10128 **
10129 ** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
10130 ** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
10131 ** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
10132 ** If xFilter returns 0, changes are not tracked. Note that once a table is
10133 ** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
10134 */
10135 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
10136   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10137   int(*xFilter)(
10138     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
10139     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
10140   ),
10141   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
10142 );
10143 
10144 /*
10145 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
10146 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10147 **
10148 ** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
10149 ** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
10150 ** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
10151 ** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
10152 ** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
10153 ** zero and return an SQLite error code.
10154 **
10155 ** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
10156 ** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
10157 ** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
10158 ** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
10159 ** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
10160 ** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
10161 ** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
10162 ** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
10163 ** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
10164 **
10165 ** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
10166 ** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
10167 ** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
10168 ** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
10169 ** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
10170 ** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
10171 ** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
10172 ** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
10173 ** DELETE change only.
10174 **
10175 ** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
10176 ** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
10177 ** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
10178 ** API.
10179 **
10180 ** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
10181 ** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
10182 ** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
10183 ** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
10184 ** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
10185 ** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
10186 ** a single table are stored is undefined.
10187 **
10188 ** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
10189 ** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
10190 ** [sqlite3_free()].
10191 **
10192 ** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
10193 **
10194 ** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
10195 ** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
10196 ** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
10197 ** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
10198 ** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
10199 ** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
10200 **
10201 ** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
10202 ** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
10203 ** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
10204 **
10205 ** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
10206 ** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
10207 ** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
10208 ** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
10209 ** or updates a record).
10210 **
10211 ** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
10212 ** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
10213 ** file. Specifically:
10214 **
10215 ** <ul>
10216 **   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
10217 **        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
10218 **        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
10219 **        is added to the changeset.
10220 **
10221 **   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
10222 **        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
10223 **        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
10224 **        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
10225 **        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
10226 **        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
10227 **        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
10228 **        values, no change is added to the changeset.
10229 ** </ul>
10230 **
10231 ** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
10232 ** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
10233 ** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
10234 ** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
10235 ** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
10236 ** a DELETE and an INSERT.
10237 **
10238 ** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
10239 ** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
10240 ** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
10241 ** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
10242 ** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
10243 ** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
10244 ** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
10245 ** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is disabled, and
10246 ** another field of the same row is updated while the session is enabled, the
10247 ** resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both fields.
10248 */
10249 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
10250   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10251   int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
10252   void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
10253 );
10254 
10255 /*
10256 ** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
10257 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10258 **
10259 ** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
10260 ** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
10261 ** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
10262 ** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
10263 ** an error).
10264 **
10265 ** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
10266 ** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
10267 ** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
10268 ** A table is considered compatible if it:
10269 **
10270 ** <ul>
10271 **   <li> Has the same name,
10272 **   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
10273 **   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
10274 ** </ul>
10275 **
10276 ** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
10277 ** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
10278 ** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
10279 ** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
10280 **
10281 ** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
10282 ** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
10283 ** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
10284 ** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
10285 **
10286 ** <ul>
10287 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
10288 **     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
10289 **
10290 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
10291 **     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
10292 **
10293 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
10294 **     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
10295 **     session.
10296 ** </ul>
10297 **
10298 ** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
10299 ** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
10300 ** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
10301 ** identical.
10302 **
10303 ** It an error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the
10304 ** required compatible table.
10305 **
10306 ** If the operation is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
10307 ** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
10308 ** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
10309 ** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
10310 ** sqlite3_free().
10311 */
10312 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
10313   sqlite3_session *pSession,
10314   const char *zFromDb,
10315   const char *zTbl,
10316   char **pzErrMsg
10317 );
10318 
10319 
10320 /*
10321 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
10322 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10323 **
10324 ** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
10325 **
10326 ** <ul>
10327 **   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
10328 **        original values of other fields are omitted.
10329 **   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
10330 **        UPDATE records.
10331 ** </ul>
10332 **
10333 ** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
10334 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
10335 ** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
10336 ** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
10337 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
10338 **
10339 ** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
10340 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
10341 ** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
10342 ** in the same way as for changesets.
10343 **
10344 ** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
10345 ** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
10346 ** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
10347 ** they were attached to the session object).
10348 */
10349 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
10350   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10351   int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppPatchset */
10352   void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing patchset */
10353 );
10354 
10355 /*
10356 ** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
10357 **
10358 ** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
10359 ** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
10360 ** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
10361 **
10362 ** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
10363 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
10364 ** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
10365 ** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
10366 ** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
10367 ** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
10368 ** changeset containing zero changes.
10369 */
10370 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
10371 
10372 /*
10373 ** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
10374 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10375 **
10376 ** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
10377 ** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
10378 ** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
10379 ** SQLite error code is returned.
10380 **
10381 ** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
10382 ** iterator created by this function:
10383 **
10384 ** <ul>
10385 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
10386 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
10387 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
10388 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
10389 ** </ul>
10390 **
10391 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
10392 ** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
10393 ** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
10394 ** destroyed.
10395 **
10396 ** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
10397 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
10398 ** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
10399 ** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
10400 ** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
10401 ** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
10402 ** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
10403 ** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
10404 ** another change for table X.
10405 **
10406 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_start_v2() and its streaming equivalent
10407 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
10408 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT | supported flags] as the 4th parameter.
10409 **
10410 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_start_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
10411 ** and therefore subject to change.
10412 */
10413 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
10414   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
10415   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
10416   void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
10417 );
10418 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2(
10419   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
10420   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
10421   void *pChangeset,               /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
10422   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETSTART_* flags */
10423 );
10424 
10425 /*
10426 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_start_v2
10427 **
10428 ** The following flags may passed via the 4th parameter to
10429 ** [sqlite3changeset_start_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm]:
10430 **
10431 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
10432 **   Invert the changeset while iterating through it. This is equivalent to
10433 **   inverting a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it.
10434 **   It is an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
10435 */
10436 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT        0x0002
10437 
10438 
10439 /*
10440 ** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
10441 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10442 **
10443 ** This function may only be used with iterators created by the function
10444 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
10445 ** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
10446 ** is returned and the call has no effect.
10447 **
10448 ** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
10449 ** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
10450 ** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
10451 ** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
10452 ** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
10453 ** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
10454 ** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
10455 ** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
10456 ** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
10457 **
10458 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
10459 ** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
10460 ** SQLITE_NOMEM.
10461 */
10462 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
10463 
10464 /*
10465 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
10466 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10467 **
10468 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10469 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10470 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10471 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
10472 ** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
10473 **
10474 ** If argument pzTab is not NULL, then *pzTab is set to point to a
10475 ** nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing the name of the table
10476 ** affected by the current change. The buffer remains valid until either
10477 ** sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator or until the
10478 ** conflict-handler function returns. If pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is
10479 ** set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change. If
10480 ** pbIndirect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
10481 ** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
10482 ** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
10483 ** changes. Finally, if pOp is not NULL, then *pOp is set to one of
10484 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the
10485 ** type of change that the iterator currently points to.
10486 **
10487 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
10488 ** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
10489 ** be trusted in this case.
10490 */
10491 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
10492   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
10493   const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
10494   int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
10495   int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
10496   int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
10497 );
10498 
10499 /*
10500 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
10501 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10502 **
10503 ** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
10504 **
10505 ** <ul>
10506 **   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
10507 **   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
10508 ** </ul>
10509 **
10510 ** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
10511 ** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
10512 ** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
10513 ** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
10514 ** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
10515 ** 0x00 if it is not.
10516 **
10517 ** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
10518 ** in the table.
10519 **
10520 ** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
10521 ** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
10522 ** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
10523 ** above.
10524 */
10525 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
10526   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
10527   unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
10528   int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
10529 );
10530 
10531 /*
10532 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
10533 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10534 **
10535 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10536 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10537 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10538 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
10539 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
10540 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
10541 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
10542 **
10543 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10544 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10545 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10546 **
10547 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10548 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
10549 ** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
10550 ** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
10551 ** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
10552 **
10553 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10554 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10555 */
10556 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
10557   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10558   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10559   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
10560 );
10561 
10562 /*
10563 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
10564 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10565 **
10566 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10567 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10568 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10569 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
10570 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
10571 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
10572 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
10573 **
10574 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10575 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10576 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10577 **
10578 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10579 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
10580 ** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
10581 ** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
10582 ** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
10583 ** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
10584 ** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
10585 ** triggers.
10586 **
10587 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10588 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10589 */
10590 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
10591   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10592   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10593   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
10594 );
10595 
10596 /*
10597 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
10598 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10599 **
10600 ** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
10601 ** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
10602 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
10603 ** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
10604 ** is set to NULL.
10605 **
10606 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10607 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10608 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10609 **
10610 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10611 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
10612 ** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
10613 ** and returns SQLITE_OK.
10614 **
10615 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10616 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10617 */
10618 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
10619   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10620   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10621   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
10622 );
10623 
10624 /*
10625 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
10626 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10627 **
10628 ** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
10629 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
10630 ** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
10631 ** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
10632 **
10633 ** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
10634 */
10635 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
10636   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10637   int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
10638 );
10639 
10640 
10641 /*
10642 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
10643 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10644 **
10645 ** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
10646 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
10647 **
10648 ** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
10649 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
10650 ** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
10651 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
10652 ** call has no effect.
10653 **
10654 ** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
10655 ** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
10656 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
10657 ** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
10658 ** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
10659 **
10660 ** <pre>
10661 **   sqlite3changeset_start();
10662 **   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
10663 **     // Do something with change.
10664 **   }
10665 **   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
10666 **   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
10667 **     // An error has occurred
10668 **   }
10669 ** </pre>
10670 */
10671 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
10672 
10673 /*
10674 ** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
10675 **
10676 ** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
10677 ** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
10678 ** changeset. Specifically:
10679 **
10680 ** <ul>
10681 **   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
10682 **   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
10683 **   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
10684 ** </ul>
10685 **
10686 ** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
10687 ** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
10688 **
10689 ** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
10690 ** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
10691 ** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
10692 ** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
10693 **
10694 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
10695 ** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
10696 ** call to this function.
10697 **
10698 ** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
10699 ** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
10700 */
10701 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
10702   int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
10703   int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
10704 );
10705 
10706 /*
10707 ** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
10708 **
10709 ** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
10710 ** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
10711 ** changeset A followed by changeset B.
10712 **
10713 ** This function combines the two input changesets using an
10714 ** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
10715 ** following code fragment:
10716 **
10717 ** <pre>
10718 **   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
10719 **   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
10720 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
10721 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
10722 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
10723 **     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
10724 **   }else{
10725 **     *ppOut = 0;
10726 **     *pnOut = 0;
10727 **   }
10728 ** </pre>
10729 **
10730 ** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
10731 */
10732 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
10733   int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
10734   void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
10735   int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
10736   void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
10737   int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
10738   void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
10739 );
10740 
10741 
10742 /*
10743 ** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
10744 **
10745 ** A changegroup is an object used to combine two or more
10746 ** [changesets] or [patchsets]
10747 */
10748 typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
10749 
10750 /*
10751 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
10752 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
10753 **
10754 ** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
10755 ** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
10756 ** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
10757 ** always in the same format as the input.
10758 **
10759 ** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
10760 ** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
10761 ** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
10762 ** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
10763 ** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
10764 **
10765 ** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
10766 **
10767 ** <ul>
10768 **   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
10769 **
10770 **   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
10771 **        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
10772 **
10773 **   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
10774 **        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
10775 **
10776 **   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
10777 ** </ul>
10778 **
10779 ** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
10780 ** new() and delete(), and in any order.
10781 **
10782 ** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
10783 ** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
10784 ** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
10785 */
10786 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
10787 
10788 /*
10789 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
10790 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
10791 **
10792 ** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
10793 ** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
10794 **
10795 ** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
10796 ** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
10797 ** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
10798 ** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
10799 ** to the changegroup.
10800 **
10801 ** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
10802 ** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
10803 ** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
10804 ** the two rows have the same primary key.
10805 **
10806 ** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
10807 ** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
10808 ** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
10809 ** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
10810 **
10811 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
10812 **   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
10813 **       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
10814 **       <th>Output Change
10815 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
10816 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10817 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10818 **       added to the changegroup.
10819 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
10820 **       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
10821 **       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
10822 **       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
10823 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
10824 **       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
10825 **       not added.
10826 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
10827 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10828 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10829 **       added to the changegroup.
10830 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
10831 **       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
10832 **       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
10833 **       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
10834 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
10835 **       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
10836 **       changegroup.
10837 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
10838 **       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
10839 **       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
10840 **       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
10841 **       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
10842 **       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
10843 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
10844 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10845 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10846 **       added to the changegroup.
10847 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
10848 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10849 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10850 **       added to the changegroup.
10851 ** </table>
10852 **
10853 ** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
10854 ** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
10855 ** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
10856 ** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
10857 ** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
10858 ** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
10859 ** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the state
10860 ** of the final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
10861 **
10862 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10863 */
10864 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
10865 
10866 /*
10867 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
10868 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
10869 **
10870 ** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
10871 ** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
10872 ** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
10873 ** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
10874 **
10875 ** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
10876 ** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
10877 ** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
10878 ** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
10879 ** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
10880 ** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
10881 ** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
10882 ** which they are first encountered.
10883 **
10884 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
10885 ** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
10886 ** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
10887 ** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
10888 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
10889 ** call to sqlite3_free().
10890 */
10891 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output(
10892   sqlite3_changegroup*,
10893   int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
10894   void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
10895 );
10896 
10897 /*
10898 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
10899 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
10900 */
10901 SQLITE_API void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
10902 
10903 /*
10904 ** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
10905 **
10906 ** Apply a changeset or patchset to a database. These functions attempt to
10907 ** update the "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in
10908 ** the changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
10909 **
10910 ** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to these functions is the "filter
10911 ** callback". If it is not NULL, then for each table affected by at least one
10912 ** change in the changeset, the filter callback is invoked with
10913 ** the table name as the second argument, and a copy of the context pointer
10914 ** passed as the sixth argument as the first. If the "filter callback"
10915 ** returns zero, then no attempt is made to apply any changes to the table.
10916 ** Otherwise, if the return value is non-zero or the xFilter argument to
10917 ** is NULL, all changes related to the table are attempted.
10918 **
10919 ** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
10920 ** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
10921 ** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
10922 **
10923 ** <ul>
10924 **   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
10925 **        changeset, and
10926 **   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
10927 **        changeset, and
10928 **   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
10929 **        recorded in the changeset.
10930 ** </ul>
10931 **
10932 ** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
10933 ** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
10934 ** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
10935 ** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
10936 **
10937 ** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
10938 ** to modify the table contents according to the UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
10939 ** change. If a change cannot be applied cleanly, the conflict handler
10940 ** function passed as the fifth argument to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be
10941 ** invoked. A description of exactly when the conflict handler is invoked for
10942 ** each type of change is below.
10943 **
10944 ** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
10945 ** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
10946 ** argument are undefined.
10947 **
10948 ** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
10949 ** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
10950 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
10951 ** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
10952 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
10953 ** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
10954 ** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
10955 ** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
10956 ** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
10957 ** the documentation for the three
10958 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
10959 **
10960 ** <dl>
10961 ** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
10962 **   For each DELETE change, the function checks if the target database
10963 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
10964 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
10965 **   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
10966 **   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
10967 **
10968 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
10969 **   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
10970 **   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
10971 **   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
10972 **   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
10973 **   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
10974 **   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
10975 **   are ignored.
10976 **
10977 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
10978 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
10979 **   passed as the second argument.
10980 **
10981 **   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
10982 **   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
10983 **   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
10984 **   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
10985 **   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
10986 **   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
10987 **
10988 ** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
10989 **   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
10990 **   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
10991 **   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
10992 **   values.
10993 **
10994 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
10995 **   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
10996 **   function is invoked with the second argument set to
10997 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
10998 **
10999 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
11000 **   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
11001 **   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
11002 **   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
11003 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
11004 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11005 **
11006 ** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
11007 **   For each UPDATE change, the function checks if the target database
11008 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
11009 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
11010 **   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
11011 **   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
11012 **
11013 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
11014 **   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
11015 **   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
11016 **   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
11017 **   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
11018 **   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
11019 **   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
11020 **
11021 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
11022 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
11023 **   passed as the second argument.
11024 **
11025 **   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
11026 **   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
11027 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
11028 **   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
11029 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
11030 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11031 ** </dl>
11032 **
11033 ** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
11034 ** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
11035 ** This can be used to further customize the application's conflict
11036 ** resolution strategy.
11037 **
11038 ** All changes made by these functions are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
11039 ** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
11040 ** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
11041 ** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
11042 ** SQLite error code returned.
11043 **
11044 ** If the output parameters (ppRebase) and (pnRebase) are non-NULL and
11045 ** the input is a changeset (not a patchset), then sqlite3changeset_apply_v2()
11046 ** may set (*ppRebase) to point to a "rebase" that may be used with the
11047 ** sqlite3_rebaser APIs buffer before returning. In this case (*pnRebase)
11048 ** is set to the size of the buffer in bytes. It is the responsibility of the
11049 ** caller to eventually free any such buffer using sqlite3_free(). The buffer
11050 ** is only allocated and populated if one or more conflicts were encountered
11051 ** while applying the patchset. See comments surrounding the sqlite3_rebaser
11052 ** APIs for further details.
11053 **
11054 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and its streaming equivalent
11055 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
11056 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT | supported flags] as the 9th parameter.
11057 **
11058 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
11059 ** and therefore subject to change.
11060 */
11061 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
11062   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11063   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
11064   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
11065   int(*xFilter)(
11066     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11067     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11068   ),
11069   int(*xConflict)(
11070     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11071     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11072     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11073   ),
11074   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11075 );
11076 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2(
11077   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11078   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
11079   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
11080   int(*xFilter)(
11081     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11082     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11083   ),
11084   int(*xConflict)(
11085     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11086     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11087     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11088   ),
11089   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11090   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase, /* OUT: Rebase data */
11091   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETAPPLY_* flags */
11092 );
11093 
11094 /*
11095 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_apply_v2
11096 **
11097 ** The following flags may passed via the 9th parameter to
11098 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm]:
11099 **
11100 ** <dl>
11101 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT <dd>
11102 **   Usually, the sessions module encloses all operations performed by
11103 **   a single call to apply_v2() or apply_v2_strm() in a [SAVEPOINT]. The
11104 **   SAVEPOINT is committed if the changeset or patchset is successfully
11105 **   applied, or rolled back if an error occurs. Specifying this flag
11106 **   causes the sessions module to omit this savepoint. In this case, if the
11107 **   caller has an open transaction or savepoint when apply_v2() is called,
11108 **   it may revert the partially applied changeset by rolling it back.
11109 **
11110 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
11111 **   Invert the changeset before applying it. This is equivalent to inverting
11112 **   a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it. It is
11113 **   an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
11114 */
11115 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT   0x0001
11116 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT        0x0002
11117 
11118 /*
11119 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
11120 **
11121 ** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
11122 **
11123 ** <dl>
11124 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
11125 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
11126 **   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
11127 **   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
11128 **   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
11129 **   expected "before" values.
11130 **
11131 **   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
11132 **   primary key.
11133 **
11134 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
11135 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
11136 **   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
11137 **   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
11138 **
11139 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
11140 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
11141 **
11142 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
11143 **   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
11144 **   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
11145 **   in duplicate primary key values.
11146 **
11147 **   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
11148 **   primary key.
11149 **
11150 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
11151 **   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
11152 **   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
11153 **   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
11154 **   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
11155 **   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
11156 **   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
11157 **   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
11158 **
11159 **   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
11160 **   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
11161 **   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
11162 **
11163 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
11164 **   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
11165 **   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
11166 **   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
11167 **
11168 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
11169 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
11170 **
11171 ** </dl>
11172 */
11173 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
11174 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
11175 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
11176 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
11177 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
11178 
11179 /*
11180 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
11181 **
11182 ** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
11183 **
11184 ** <dl>
11185 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
11186 **   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
11187 **   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
11188 **   continues to the next change in the changeset.
11189 **
11190 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
11191 **   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
11192 **   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
11193 **   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
11194 **   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
11195 **
11196 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
11197 **   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
11198 **   on the type of change.
11199 **
11200 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
11201 **   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
11202 **   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
11203 **   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
11204 **
11205 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
11206 **   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
11207 **   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
11208 ** </dl>
11209 */
11210 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
11211 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
11212 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
11213 
11214 /*
11215 ** CAPI3REF: Rebasing changesets
11216 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11217 **
11218 ** Suppose there is a site hosting a database in state S0. And that
11219 ** modifications are made that move that database to state S1 and a
11220 ** changeset recorded (the "local" changeset). Then, a changeset based
11221 ** on S0 is received from another site (the "remote" changeset) and
11222 ** applied to the database. The database is then in state
11223 ** (S1+"remote"), where the exact state depends on any conflict
11224 ** resolution decisions (OMIT or REPLACE) made while applying "remote".
11225 ** Rebasing a changeset is to update it to take those conflict
11226 ** resolution decisions into account, so that the same conflicts
11227 ** do not have to be resolved elsewhere in the network.
11228 **
11229 ** For example, if both the local and remote changesets contain an
11230 ** INSERT of the same key on "CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b)":
11231 **
11232 **   local:  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v1');
11233 **   remote: INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v2');
11234 **
11235 ** and the conflict resolution is REPLACE, then the INSERT change is
11236 ** removed from the local changeset (it was overridden). Or, if the
11237 ** conflict resolution was "OMIT", then the local changeset is modified
11238 ** to instead contain:
11239 **
11240 **           UPDATE t1 SET b = 'v2' WHERE a=1;
11241 **
11242 ** Changes within the local changeset are rebased as follows:
11243 **
11244 ** <dl>
11245 ** <dt>Local INSERT<dd>
11246 **   This may only conflict with a remote INSERT. If the conflict
11247 **   resolution was OMIT, then add an UPDATE change to the rebased
11248 **   changeset. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE, add
11249 **   nothing to the rebased changeset.
11250 **
11251 ** <dt>Local DELETE<dd>
11252 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. In both cases the
11253 **   only possible resolution is OMIT. If the remote operation was a
11254 **   DELETE, then add no change to the rebased changeset. If the remote
11255 **   operation was an UPDATE, then the old.* fields of change are updated
11256 **   to reflect the new.* values in the UPDATE.
11257 **
11258 ** <dt>Local UPDATE<dd>
11259 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. If it conflicts
11260 **   with a DELETE, and the conflict resolution was OMIT, then the update
11261 **   is changed into an INSERT. Any undefined values in the new.* record
11262 **   from the update change are filled in using the old.* values from
11263 **   the conflicting DELETE. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE,
11264 **   the UPDATE change is simply omitted from the rebased changeset.
11265 **
11266 **   If conflict is with a remote UPDATE and the resolution is OMIT, then
11267 **   the old.* values are rebased using the new.* values in the remote
11268 **   change. Or, if the resolution is REPLACE, then the change is copied
11269 **   into the rebased changeset with updates to columns also updated by
11270 **   the conflicting remote UPDATE removed. If this means no columns would
11271 **   be updated, the change is omitted.
11272 ** </dl>
11273 **
11274 ** A local change may be rebased against multiple remote changes
11275 ** simultaneously. If a single key is modified by multiple remote
11276 ** changesets, they are combined as follows before the local changeset
11277 ** is rebased:
11278 **
11279 ** <ul>
11280 **    <li> If there has been one or more REPLACE resolutions on a
11281 **         key, it is rebased according to a REPLACE.
11282 **
11283 **    <li> If there have been no REPLACE resolutions on a key, then
11284 **         the local changeset is rebased according to the most recent
11285 **         of the OMIT resolutions.
11286 ** </ul>
11287 **
11288 ** Note that conflict resolutions from multiple remote changesets are
11289 ** combined on a per-field basis, not per-row. This means that in the
11290 ** case of multiple remote UPDATE operations, some fields of a single
11291 ** local change may be rebased for REPLACE while others are rebased for
11292 ** OMIT.
11293 **
11294 ** In order to rebase a local changeset, the remote changeset must first
11295 ** be applied to the local database using sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and
11296 ** the buffer of rebase information captured. Then:
11297 **
11298 ** <ol>
11299 **   <li> An sqlite3_rebaser object is created by calling
11300 **        sqlite3rebaser_create().
11301 **   <li> The new object is configured with the rebase buffer obtained from
11302 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() by calling sqlite3rebaser_configure().
11303 **        If the local changeset is to be rebased against multiple remote
11304 **        changesets, then sqlite3rebaser_configure() should be called
11305 **        multiple times, in the same order that the multiple
11306 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() calls were made.
11307 **   <li> Each local changeset is rebased by calling sqlite3rebaser_rebase().
11308 **   <li> The sqlite3_rebaser object is deleted by calling
11309 **        sqlite3rebaser_delete().
11310 ** </ol>
11311 */
11312 typedef struct sqlite3_rebaser sqlite3_rebaser;
11313 
11314 /*
11315 ** CAPI3REF: Create a changeset rebaser object.
11316 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11317 **
11318 ** Allocate a new changeset rebaser object. If successful, set (*ppNew) to
11319 ** point to the new object and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, if an error
11320 ** occurs, return an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) and set (*ppNew)
11321 ** to NULL.
11322 */
11323 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_create(sqlite3_rebaser **ppNew);
11324 
11325 /*
11326 ** CAPI3REF: Configure a changeset rebaser object.
11327 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11328 **
11329 ** Configure the changeset rebaser object to rebase changesets according
11330 ** to the conflict resolutions described by buffer pRebase (size nRebase
11331 ** bytes), which must have been obtained from a previous call to
11332 ** sqlite3changeset_apply_v2().
11333 */
11334 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_configure(
11335   sqlite3_rebaser*,
11336   int nRebase, const void *pRebase
11337 );
11338 
11339 /*
11340 ** CAPI3REF: Rebase a changeset
11341 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11342 **
11343 ** Argument pIn must point to a buffer containing a changeset nIn bytes
11344 ** in size. This function allocates and populates a buffer with a copy
11345 ** of the changeset rebased according to the configuration of the
11346 ** rebaser object passed as the first argument. If successful, (*ppOut)
11347 ** is set to point to the new buffer containing the rebased changeset and
11348 ** (*pnOut) to its size in bytes and SQLITE_OK returned. It is the
11349 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the new buffer using
11350 ** sqlite3_free(). Otherwise, if an error occurs, (*ppOut) and (*pnOut)
11351 ** are set to zero and an SQLite error code returned.
11352 */
11353 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase(
11354   sqlite3_rebaser*,
11355   int nIn, const void *pIn,
11356   int *pnOut, void **ppOut
11357 );
11358 
11359 /*
11360 ** CAPI3REF: Delete a changeset rebaser object.
11361 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11362 **
11363 ** Delete the changeset rebaser object and all associated resources. There
11364 ** should be one call to this function for each successful invocation
11365 ** of sqlite3rebaser_create().
11366 */
11367 SQLITE_API void sqlite3rebaser_delete(sqlite3_rebaser *p);
11368 
11369 /*
11370 ** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
11371 **
11372 ** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
11373 ** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
11374 **
11375 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
11376 **   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
11377 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
11378 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm_v2<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply_v2]
11379 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
11380 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
11381 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
11382 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
11383 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
11384 ** </table>
11385 **
11386 ** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
11387 ** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
11388 ** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
11389 ** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
11390 ** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
11391 ** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
11392 ** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
11393 **
11394 ** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
11395 ** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
11396 ** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
11397 ** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
11398 **
11399 **  <pre>
11400 **  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
11401 **  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
11402 **  </pre>
11403 **
11404 ** Is replaced by:
11405 **
11406 **  <pre>
11407 **  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11408 **  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
11409 **  </pre>
11410 **
11411 ** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
11412 ** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
11413 ** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
11414 ** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
11415 ** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
11416 ** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
11417 ** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
11418 ** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
11419 ** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
11420 ** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
11421 **
11422 ** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
11423 ** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
11424 ** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
11425 ** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
11426 ** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
11427 **
11428 ** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
11429 ** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
11430 ** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
11431 ** as:
11432 **
11433 **  <pre>
11434 **  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
11435 **  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
11436 **  </pre>
11437 **
11438 ** Is replaced by:
11439 **
11440 **  <pre>
11441 **  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11442 **  &nbsp;     void *pOut
11443 **  </pre>
11444 **
11445 ** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
11446 ** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
11447 ** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
11448 ** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
11449 ** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
11450 ** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
11451 ** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
11452 ** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
11453 ** of the xOutput error code to the application.
11454 **
11455 ** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
11456 ** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
11457 ** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
11458 */
11459 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
11460   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11461   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
11462   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
11463   int(*xFilter)(
11464     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11465     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11466   ),
11467   int(*xConflict)(
11468     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11469     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11470     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11471   ),
11472   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11473 );
11474 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm(
11475   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11476   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
11477   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
11478   int(*xFilter)(
11479     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11480     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11481   ),
11482   int(*xConflict)(
11483     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11484     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11485     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11486   ),
11487   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11488   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase,
11489   int flags
11490 );
11491 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
11492   int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11493   void *pInA,
11494   int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11495   void *pInB,
11496   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11497   void *pOut
11498 );
11499 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
11500   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11501   void *pIn,
11502   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11503   void *pOut
11504 );
11505 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
11506   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
11507   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11508   void *pIn
11509 );
11510 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm(
11511   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
11512   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11513   void *pIn,
11514   int flags
11515 );
11516 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
11517   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11518   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11519   void *pOut
11520 );
11521 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
11522   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11523   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11524   void *pOut
11525 );
11526 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
11527     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11528     void *pIn
11529 );
11530 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
11531     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11532     void *pOut
11533 );
11534 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase_strm(
11535   sqlite3_rebaser *pRebaser,
11536   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11537   void *pIn,
11538   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11539   void *pOut
11540 );
11541 
11542 /*
11543 ** CAPI3REF: Configure global parameters
11544 **
11545 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is used to make global configuration
11546 ** changes to the sessions module in order to tune it to the specific needs
11547 ** of the application.
11548 **
11549 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is not threadsafe. If it is invoked
11550 ** while any other thread is inside any other sessions method then the
11551 ** results are undefined. Furthermore, if it is invoked after any sessions
11552 ** related objects have been created, the results are also undefined.
11553 **
11554 ** The first argument to the sqlite3session_config() function must be one
11555 ** of the SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_XXX constants defined below. The
11556 ** interpretation of the (void*) value passed as the second parameter and
11557 ** the effect of calling this function depends on the value of the first
11558 ** parameter.
11559 **
11560 ** <dl>
11561 ** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE<dd>
11562 **    By default, the sessions module streaming interfaces attempt to input
11563 **    and output data in approximately 1 KiB chunks. This operand may be used
11564 **    to set and query the value of this configuration setting. The pointer
11565 **    passed as the second argument must point to a value of type (int).
11566 **    If this value is greater than 0, it is used as the new streaming data
11567 **    chunk size for both input and output. Before returning, the (int) value
11568 **    pointed to by pArg is set to the final value of the streaming interface
11569 **    chunk size.
11570 ** </dl>
11571 **
11572 ** This function returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code
11573 ** otherwise.
11574 */
11575 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_config(int op, void *pArg);
11576 
11577 /*
11578 ** CAPI3REF: Values for sqlite3session_config().
11579 */
11580 #define SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE 1
11581 
11582 /*
11583 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
11584 */
11585 #ifdef __cplusplus
11586 }
11587 #endif
11588 
11589 #endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
11590 
11591 /******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
11592 /******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
11593 /*
11594 ** 2014 May 31
11595 **
11596 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
11597 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
11598 **
11599 **    May you do good and not evil.
11600 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
11601 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
11602 **
11603 ******************************************************************************
11604 **
11605 ** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
11606 ** FTS5 may be extended with:
11607 **
11608 **     * custom tokenizers, and
11609 **     * custom auxiliary functions.
11610 */
11611 
11612 
11613 #ifndef _FTS5_H
11614 #define _FTS5_H
11615 
11616 
11617 #ifdef __cplusplus
11618 extern "C" {
11619 #endif
11620 
11621 /*************************************************************************
11622 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
11623 **
11624 ** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
11625 ** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
11626 */
11627 
11628 typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
11629 typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
11630 typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
11631 
11632 typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
11633   const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
11634   Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
11635   sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
11636   int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
11637   sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
11638 );
11639 
11640 struct Fts5PhraseIter {
11641   const unsigned char *a;
11642   const unsigned char *b;
11643 };
11644 
11645 /*
11646 ** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
11647 **
11648 ** xUserData(pFts):
11649 **   Return a copy of the context pointer the extension function was
11650 **   registered with.
11651 **
11652 ** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
11653 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
11654 **   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
11655 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
11656 **   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
11657 **   the FTS5 table.
11658 **
11659 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
11660 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
11661 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
11662 **   returned.
11663 **
11664 ** xColumnCount(pFts):
11665 **   Return the number of columns in the table.
11666 **
11667 ** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
11668 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
11669 **   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
11670 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
11671 **   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
11672 **
11673 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
11674 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
11675 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
11676 **   returned.
11677 **
11678 **   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
11679 **   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
11680 **
11681 ** xColumnText:
11682 **   This function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of the
11683 **   current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
11684 **   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
11685 **   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
11686 **   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
11687 **   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
11688 **
11689 ** xPhraseCount:
11690 **   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
11691 **
11692 ** xPhraseSize:
11693 **   Returns the number of tokens in phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases
11694 **   are numbered starting from zero.
11695 **
11696 ** xInstCount:
11697 **   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
11698 **   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
11699 **   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
11700 **
11701 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11702 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
11703 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
11704 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
11705 **
11706 ** xInst:
11707 **   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
11708 **   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
11709 **   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
11710 **   output by xInstCount().
11711 **
11712 **   Usually, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
11713 **   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
11714 **   first token of the phrase. Returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error
11715 **   code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
11716 **
11717 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11718 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
11719 **
11720 ** xRowid:
11721 **   Returns the rowid of the current row.
11722 **
11723 ** xTokenize:
11724 **   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
11725 **
11726 ** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
11727 **   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
11728 **   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
11729 **
11730 **       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
11731 **
11732 **   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
11733 **   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
11734 **   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
11735 **   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
11736 **   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
11737 **   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
11738 **   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
11739 **   the third argument to pUserData.
11740 **
11741 **   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
11742 **   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
11743 **   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
11744 **   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
11745 **
11746 **   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
11747 **   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
11748 **   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
11749 **
11750 **
11751 ** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
11752 **
11753 **   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension function's
11754 **   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
11755 **   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
11756 **   the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
11757 **
11758 **   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
11759 **   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
11760 **   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
11761 **   single auxiliary data context.
11762 **
11763 **   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
11764 **   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
11765 **   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
11766 **   point.
11767 **
11768 **   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
11769 **   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
11770 **
11771 **   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function,
11772 **   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
11773 **   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
11774 **   pointer before returning.
11775 **
11776 **
11777 ** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
11778 **
11779 **   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
11780 **   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
11781 **
11782 **   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
11783 **   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
11784 **   if any, is not invoked.
11785 **
11786 **
11787 ** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
11788 **
11789 **   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
11790 **   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
11791 **
11792 **        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
11793 **
11794 ** xPhraseFirst()
11795 **   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
11796 **   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
11797 **   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
11798 **   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
11799 **   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
11800 **   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
11801 **
11802 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
11803 **       int iCol, iOff;
11804 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
11805 **           iCol>=0;
11806 **           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
11807 **       ){
11808 **         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
11809 **       }
11810 **
11811 **   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
11812 **   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
11813 **   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
11814 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
11815 **
11816 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11817 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
11818 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
11819 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
11820 **   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
11821 **
11822 ** xPhraseNext()
11823 **   See xPhraseFirst above.
11824 **
11825 ** xPhraseFirstColumn()
11826 **   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
11827 **   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
11828 **   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
11829 **   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
11830 **   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
11831 **
11832 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
11833 **       int iCol;
11834 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
11835 **           iCol>=0;
11836 **           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
11837 **       ){
11838 **         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
11839 **       }
11840 **
11841 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11842 **   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
11843 **   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
11844 **   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
11845 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
11846 **
11847 **   The information accessed using this API and its companion
11848 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
11849 **   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
11850 **   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
11851 **   "detail=column" tables.
11852 **
11853 ** xPhraseNextColumn()
11854 **   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
11855 */
11856 struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
11857   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
11858 
11859   void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
11860 
11861   int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
11862   int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
11863   int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
11864 
11865   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
11866     const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
11867     void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
11868     int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
11869   );
11870 
11871   int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
11872   int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
11873 
11874   int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
11875   int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
11876 
11877   sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
11878   int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
11879   int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
11880 
11881   int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
11882     int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
11883   );
11884   int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
11885   void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
11886 
11887   int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
11888   void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
11889 
11890   int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
11891   void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
11892 };
11893 
11894 /*
11895 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
11896 *************************************************************************/
11897 
11898 /*************************************************************************
11899 ** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
11900 **
11901 ** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
11902 ** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
11903 ** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
11904 ** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
11905 ** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
11906 **
11907 ** xCreate:
11908 **   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
11909 **   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
11910 **
11911 **   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
11912 **   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer object
11913 **   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
11914 **   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
11915 **   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
11916 **   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
11917 **   to create the FTS5 table.
11918 **
11919 **   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
11920 **   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
11921 **   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
11922 **   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
11923 **   is undefined.
11924 **
11925 ** xDelete:
11926 **   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
11927 **   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
11928 **   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
11929 **
11930 ** xTokenize:
11931 **   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
11932 **   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
11933 **   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
11934 **   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
11935 **
11936 **   The second argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
11937 **   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
11938 **   four values:
11939 **
11940 **   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
11941 **            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
11942 **            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
11943 **            FTS index.
11944 **
11945 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
11946 **            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
11947 **            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
11948 **
11949 **       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
11950 **            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
11951 **            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
11952 **            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
11953 **
11954 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
11955 **            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
11956 **            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
11957 **            on a columnsize=0 database.
11958 **   </ul>
11959 **
11960 **   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
11961 **   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
11962 **   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
11963 **   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
11964 **   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
11965 **   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
11966 **   which the token is derived within the input.
11967 **
11968 **   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
11969 **   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
11970 **   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
11971 **
11972 **   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
11973 **   order that they occur within the input text.
11974 **
11975 **   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
11976 **   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
11977 **   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
11978 **   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
11979 **   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
11980 **   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
11981 **   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
11982 **
11983 ** SYNONYM SUPPORT
11984 **
11985 **   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
11986 **   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
11987 **   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
11988 **   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
11989 **   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
11990 **   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
11991 **   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
11992 **
11993 **   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
11994 **
11995 **   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, using
11996 **            the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
11997 **            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
11998 **            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
11999 **            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
12000 **            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
12001 **            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
12002 **            as expected.
12003 **
12004 **       <li> By querying the index for all synonyms of each query term
12005 **            separately. In this case, when tokenizing query text, the
12006 **            tokenizer may provide multiple synonyms for a single term
12007 **            within the document. FTS5 then queries the index for each
12008 **            synonym individually. For example, faced with the query:
12009 **
12010 **   <codeblock>
12011 **     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
12012 **
12013 **            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
12014 **            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
12015 **            similar to:
12016 **
12017 **   <codeblock>
12018 **     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
12019 **
12020 **            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
12021 **            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
12022 **            being treated as a single phrase.
12023 **
12024 **       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
12025 **            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
12026 **            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
12027 **            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
12028 **            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
12029 **            "place".
12030 **
12031 **            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
12032 **            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do so would be
12033 **            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
12034 **            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entries in the
12035 **            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
12036 **   </ol>
12037 **
12038 **   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
12039 **   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
12040 **   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
12041 **   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
12042 **   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
12043 **
12044 **   <codeblock>
12045 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
12046 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
12047 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
12048 **       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
12049 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
12050 **</codeblock>
12051 **
12052 **   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
12053 **   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
12054 **   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
12055 **   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
12056 **   single token.
12057 **
12058 **   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
12059 **   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
12060 **   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
12061 **   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
12062 **   token "first" is substituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
12063 **
12064 **   <codeblock>
12065 **     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
12066 **
12067 **   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
12068 **   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
12069 **
12070 **   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
12071 **   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
12072 **   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
12073 **   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
12074 **   within the database.
12075 **
12076 **   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
12077 **   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
12078 **   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
12079 **   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
12080 **   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
12081 **   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
12082 **   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
12083 **   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
12084 **
12085 **   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
12086 **   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
12087 **   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
12088 **   inefficient.
12089 */
12090 typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
12091 typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
12092 struct fts5_tokenizer {
12093   int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
12094   void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
12095   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
12096       void *pCtx,
12097       int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
12098       const char *pText, int nText,
12099       int (*xToken)(
12100         void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
12101         int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
12102         const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
12103         int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
12104         int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
12105         int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
12106       )
12107   );
12108 };
12109 
12110 /* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
12111 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
12112 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
12113 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
12114 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
12115 
12116 /* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
12117 ** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
12118 #define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
12119 
12120 /*
12121 ** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
12122 *************************************************************************/
12123 
12124 /*************************************************************************
12125 ** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
12126 */
12127 typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
12128 struct fts5_api {
12129   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
12130 
12131   /* Create a new tokenizer */
12132   int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
12133     fts5_api *pApi,
12134     const char *zName,
12135     void *pContext,
12136     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
12137     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
12138   );
12139 
12140   /* Find an existing tokenizer */
12141   int (*xFindTokenizer)(
12142     fts5_api *pApi,
12143     const char *zName,
12144     void **ppContext,
12145     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
12146   );
12147 
12148   /* Create a new auxiliary function */
12149   int (*xCreateFunction)(
12150     fts5_api *pApi,
12151     const char *zName,
12152     void *pContext,
12153     fts5_extension_function xFunction,
12154     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
12155   );
12156 };
12157 
12158 /*
12159 ** END OF REGISTRATION API
12160 *************************************************************************/
12161 
12162 #ifdef __cplusplus
12163 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
12164 #endif
12165 
12166 #endif /* _FTS5_H */
12167 
12168 /******** End of fts5.h *********/
12169