1import unittest 2import sys 3from io import StringIO 4 5from test import support 6 7NotDefined = object() 8 9# A dispatch table all 8 combinations of providing 10# sep, end, and file. 11# I use this machinery so that I'm not just passing default 12# values to print, I'm either passing or not passing in the 13# arguments. 14dispatch = { 15 (False, False, False): 16 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(*args), 17 (False, False, True): 18 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(file=file, *args), 19 (False, True, False): 20 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(end=end, *args), 21 (False, True, True): 22 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(end=end, file=file, *args), 23 (True, False, False): 24 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(sep=sep, *args), 25 (True, False, True): 26 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(sep=sep, file=file, *args), 27 (True, True, False): 28 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(sep=sep, end=end, *args), 29 (True, True, True): 30 lambda args, sep, end, file: print(sep=sep, end=end, file=file, *args), 31} 32 33 34# Class used to test __str__ and print 35class ClassWith__str__: 36 def __init__(self, x): 37 self.x = x 38 39 def __str__(self): 40 return self.x 41 42 43class TestPrint(unittest.TestCase): 44 """Test correct operation of the print function.""" 45 46 def check(self, expected, args, 47 sep=NotDefined, end=NotDefined, file=NotDefined): 48 # Capture sys.stdout in a StringIO. Call print with args, 49 # and with sep, end, and file, if they're defined. Result 50 # must match expected. 51 52 # Look up the actual function to call, based on if sep, end, 53 # and file are defined. 54 fn = dispatch[(sep is not NotDefined, 55 end is not NotDefined, 56 file is not NotDefined)] 57 58 with support.captured_stdout() as t: 59 fn(args, sep, end, file) 60 61 self.assertEqual(t.getvalue(), expected) 62 63 def test_print(self): 64 def x(expected, args, sep=NotDefined, end=NotDefined): 65 # Run the test 2 ways: not using file, and using 66 # file directed to a StringIO. 67 68 self.check(expected, args, sep=sep, end=end) 69 70 # When writing to a file, stdout is expected to be empty 71 o = StringIO() 72 self.check('', args, sep=sep, end=end, file=o) 73 74 # And o will contain the expected output 75 self.assertEqual(o.getvalue(), expected) 76 77 x('\n', ()) 78 x('a\n', ('a',)) 79 x('None\n', (None,)) 80 x('1 2\n', (1, 2)) 81 x('1 2\n', (1, ' ', 2)) 82 x('1*2\n', (1, 2), sep='*') 83 x('1 s', (1, 's'), end='') 84 x('a\nb\n', ('a', 'b'), sep='\n') 85 x('1.01', (1.0, 1), sep='', end='') 86 x('1*a*1.3+', (1, 'a', 1.3), sep='*', end='+') 87 x('a\n\nb\n', ('a\n', 'b'), sep='\n') 88 x('\0+ +\0\n', ('\0', ' ', '\0'), sep='+') 89 90 x('a\n b\n', ('a\n', 'b')) 91 x('a\n b\n', ('a\n', 'b'), sep=None) 92 x('a\n b\n', ('a\n', 'b'), end=None) 93 x('a\n b\n', ('a\n', 'b'), sep=None, end=None) 94 95 x('*\n', (ClassWith__str__('*'),)) 96 x('abc 1\n', (ClassWith__str__('abc'), 1)) 97 98 # errors 99 self.assertRaises(TypeError, print, '', sep=3) 100 self.assertRaises(TypeError, print, '', end=3) 101 self.assertRaises(AttributeError, print, '', file='') 102 103 def test_print_flush(self): 104 # operation of the flush flag 105 class filelike: 106 def __init__(self): 107 self.written = '' 108 self.flushed = 0 109 110 def write(self, str): 111 self.written += str 112 113 def flush(self): 114 self.flushed += 1 115 116 f = filelike() 117 print(1, file=f, end='', flush=True) 118 print(2, file=f, end='', flush=True) 119 print(3, file=f, flush=False) 120 self.assertEqual(f.written, '123\n') 121 self.assertEqual(f.flushed, 2) 122 123 # ensure exceptions from flush are passed through 124 class noflush: 125 def write(self, str): 126 pass 127 128 def flush(self): 129 raise RuntimeError 130 self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, print, 1, file=noflush(), flush=True) 131 132 133class TestPy2MigrationHint(unittest.TestCase): 134 """Test that correct hint is produced analogous to Python3 syntax, 135 if print statement is executed as in Python 2. 136 """ 137 138 def test_normal_string(self): 139 python2_print_str = 'print "Hello World"' 140 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as context: 141 exec(python2_print_str) 142 143 self.assertIn("Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)", 144 str(context.exception)) 145 146 def test_string_with_soft_space(self): 147 python2_print_str = 'print "Hello World",' 148 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as context: 149 exec(python2_print_str) 150 151 self.assertIn("Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)", 152 str(context.exception)) 153 154 def test_string_with_excessive_whitespace(self): 155 python2_print_str = 'print "Hello World", ' 156 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as context: 157 exec(python2_print_str) 158 159 self.assertIn("Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)", 160 str(context.exception)) 161 162 def test_string_with_leading_whitespace(self): 163 python2_print_str = '''if 1: 164 print "Hello World" 165 ''' 166 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as context: 167 exec(python2_print_str) 168 169 self.assertIn("Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)", 170 str(context.exception)) 171 172 # bpo-32685: Suggestions for print statement should be proper when 173 # it is in the same line as the header of a compound statement 174 # and/or followed by a semicolon 175 def test_string_with_semicolon(self): 176 python2_print_str = 'print p;' 177 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as context: 178 exec(python2_print_str) 179 180 self.assertIn("Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)", 181 str(context.exception)) 182 183 def test_string_in_loop_on_same_line(self): 184 python2_print_str = 'for i in s: print i' 185 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as context: 186 exec(python2_print_str) 187 188 self.assertIn("Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)", 189 str(context.exception)) 190 191 def test_stream_redirection_hint_for_py2_migration(self): 192 # Test correct hint produced for Py2 redirection syntax 193 with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as context: 194 print >> sys.stderr, "message" 195 self.assertIn('Did you mean "print(<message>, ' 196 'file=<output_stream>)"?', str(context.exception)) 197 198 # Test correct hint is produced in the case where RHS implements 199 # __rrshift__ but returns NotImplemented 200 with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as context: 201 print >> 42 202 self.assertIn('Did you mean "print(<message>, ' 203 'file=<output_stream>)"?', str(context.exception)) 204 205 # Test stream redirection hint is specific to print 206 with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as context: 207 max >> sys.stderr 208 self.assertNotIn('Did you mean ', str(context.exception)) 209 210 # Test stream redirection hint is specific to rshift 211 with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as context: 212 print << sys.stderr 213 self.assertNotIn('Did you mean', str(context.exception)) 214 215 # Ensure right operand implementing rrshift still works 216 class OverrideRRShift: 217 def __rrshift__(self, lhs): 218 return 42 # Force result independent of LHS 219 220 self.assertEqual(print >> OverrideRRShift(), 42) 221 222 223 224if __name__ == "__main__": 225 unittest.main() 226