third_party/minigbm/virtgpu_virgl.c

/*
 * Copyright 2017 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 * found in the LICENSE file.
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdatomic.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <xf86drm.h>

#include "drv_helpers.h"
#include "drv_priv.h"
#include "external/virgl_hw.h"
#include "external/virgl_protocol.h"
#include "external/virtgpu_drm.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "virtgpu.h"

#define PIPE_TEXTURE_2D 2

// This comes from a combination of SwiftShader's VkPhysicalDeviceLimits::maxFramebufferWidth and
// VkPhysicalDeviceLimits::maxImageDimension2D (see https://crrev.com/c/1917130).
#define ANGLE_ON_SWIFTSHADER_MAX_TEXTURE_2D_SIZE 8192

#ifndef MIN
#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#endif
#define VIRGL_2D_MAX_TEXTURE_2D_SIZE                                                               \
	MIN(ANGLE_ON_SWIFTSHADER_MAX_TEXTURE_2D_SIZE, MESA_LLVMPIPE_MAX_TEXTURE_2D_SIZE)

static const uint32_t render_target_formats[] = { DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888, DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888,
						  DRM_FORMAT_RGB565, DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888,
						  DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888 };

static const uint32_t dumb_texture_source_formats[] = {
	DRM_FORMAT_R8,		DRM_FORMAT_R16,		 DRM_FORMAT_YVU420,
	DRM_FORMAT_NV12,	DRM_FORMAT_NV21,	 DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID,
	DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010, DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F
};

static const uint32_t texture_source_formats[] = {
	DRM_FORMAT_NV12,	DRM_FORMAT_NV21,	 DRM_FORMAT_R8,
	DRM_FORMAT_R16,	        DRM_FORMAT_RG88,	 DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID,
	DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010, DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F
};

extern struct virtgpu_param params[];

struct virgl_blob_metadata_cache {
	struct lru_entry entry;
	struct bo_metadata meta;
};

#define lru_entry_to_metadata(entry) ((struct virgl_blob_metadata_cache *)(void *)(entry))

#define MAX_CACHED_FORMATS 128

struct virgl_priv {
	int caps_is_v2;
	union virgl_caps caps;
	int host_gbm_enabled;
	atomic_int next_blob_id;

	pthread_mutex_t host_blob_format_lock;
	struct lru virgl_blob_metadata_cache;
};

static uint32_t translate_format(uint32_t drm_fourcc)
{
	switch (drm_fourcc) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_BGR888:
	case DRM_FORMAT_RGB888:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R8G8B8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_B8G8R8X8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R8G8B8X8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT;
	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R10G10B10A2_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_RGB565:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_B5G6R5_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_R8:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_R16:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R16_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_RG88:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_R8G8_UNORM;
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV12:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_NV12;
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV21:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_NV21;
	case DRM_FORMAT_P010:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_P010;
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420:
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID:
		return VIRGL_FORMAT_YV12;
	default:
		drv_loge("Unhandled format:%d\n", drm_fourcc);
		return 0;
	}
}

static bool virgl_bitmask_supports_format(struct virgl_supported_format_mask *supported,
					  uint32_t drm_format)
{
	uint32_t virgl_format = translate_format(drm_format);
	if (!virgl_format)
		return false;

	uint32_t bitmask_index = virgl_format / 32;
	uint32_t bit_index = virgl_format % 32;
	return supported->bitmask[bitmask_index] & (1 << bit_index);
}

// The metadata generated here for emulated buffers is slightly different than the metadata
// generated by drv_bo_from_format. In order to simplify transfers in the flush and invalidate
// functions below, the emulated buffers are oversized. For example, ignoring stride alignment
// requirements to demonstrate, a 6x6 YUV420 image buffer might have the following layout from
// drv_bo_from_format:
//
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | U | U | U | U | U | U |
// | U | U | U | V | V | V |
// | V | V | V | V | V | V |
//
// where each plane immediately follows the previous plane in memory. This layout makes it
// difficult to compute the transfers needed for example when the middle 2x2 region of the
// image is locked and needs to be flushed/invalidated.
//
// Emulated multi-plane buffers instead have a layout of:
//
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
// | U | U | U |   |   |   |
// | U | U | U |   |   |   |
// | U | U | U |   |   |   |
// | V | V | V |   |   |   |
// | V | V | V |   |   |   |
// | V | V | V |   |   |   |
//
// where each plane is placed as a sub-image (albeit with a very large stride) in order to
// simplify transfers into 3 sub-image transfers for the above example.
//
// Additional note: the V-plane is not placed to the right of the U-plane due to some
// observed failures in media framework code which assumes the V-plane is not
// "row-interlaced" with the U-plane.
static void virgl_get_emulated_metadata(const struct bo *bo, struct bo_metadata *metadata)
{
	uint32_t y_plane_height;
	uint32_t c_plane_height;
	uint32_t original_width = bo->meta.width;
	uint32_t original_height = bo->meta.height;

	metadata->format = DRM_FORMAT_R8;
	switch (bo->meta.format) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV12:
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV21:
		// Bi-planar
		metadata->num_planes = 2;

		y_plane_height = original_height;
		c_plane_height = DIV_ROUND_UP(original_height, 2);

		metadata->width = original_width;
		metadata->height = y_plane_height + c_plane_height;

		// Y-plane (full resolution)
		metadata->strides[0] = metadata->width;
		metadata->offsets[0] = 0;
		metadata->sizes[0] = metadata->width * y_plane_height;

		// CbCr-plane  (half resolution, interleaved, placed below Y-plane)
		metadata->strides[1] = metadata->width;
		metadata->offsets[1] = metadata->offsets[0] + metadata->sizes[0];
		metadata->sizes[1] = metadata->width * c_plane_height;

		metadata->total_size = metadata->width * metadata->height;
		break;
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420:
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID:
		// Tri-planar
		metadata->num_planes = 3;

		y_plane_height = original_height;
		c_plane_height = DIV_ROUND_UP(original_height, 2);

		metadata->width = ALIGN(original_width, 32);
		metadata->height = y_plane_height + (2 * c_plane_height);

		// Y-plane (full resolution)
		metadata->strides[0] = metadata->width;
		metadata->offsets[0] = 0;
		metadata->sizes[0] = metadata->width * original_height;

		// Cb-plane (half resolution, placed below Y-plane)
		metadata->strides[1] = metadata->width;
		metadata->offsets[1] = metadata->offsets[0] + metadata->sizes[0];
		metadata->sizes[1] = metadata->width * c_plane_height;

		// Cr-plane (half resolution, placed below Cb-plane)
		metadata->strides[2] = metadata->width;
		metadata->offsets[2] = metadata->offsets[1] + metadata->sizes[1];
		metadata->sizes[2] = metadata->width * c_plane_height;

		metadata->total_size = metadata->width * metadata->height;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

struct virtio_transfers_params {
	size_t xfers_needed;
	struct rectangle xfer_boxes[DRV_MAX_PLANES];
};

static void virgl_get_emulated_transfers_params(const struct bo *bo,
						const struct rectangle *transfer_box,
						struct virtio_transfers_params *xfer_params)
{
	uint32_t y_plane_height;
	uint32_t c_plane_height;
	struct bo_metadata emulated_metadata;

	if (transfer_box->x == 0 && transfer_box->y == 0 && transfer_box->width == bo->meta.width &&
	    transfer_box->height == bo->meta.height) {
		virgl_get_emulated_metadata(bo, &emulated_metadata);

		xfer_params->xfers_needed = 1;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].x = 0;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].y = 0;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].width = emulated_metadata.width;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].height = emulated_metadata.height;

		return;
	}

	switch (bo->meta.format) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV12:
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV21:
		// Bi-planar
		xfer_params->xfers_needed = 2;

		y_plane_height = bo->meta.height;
		c_plane_height = DIV_ROUND_UP(bo->meta.height, 2);

		// Y-plane (full resolution)
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].x = transfer_box->x;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].y = transfer_box->y;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].width = transfer_box->width;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].height = transfer_box->height;

		// CbCr-plane (half resolution, interleaved, placed below Y-plane)
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].x = transfer_box->x;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].y = transfer_box->y + y_plane_height;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].width = transfer_box->width;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].height = DIV_ROUND_UP(transfer_box->height, 2);

		break;
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420:
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID:
		// Tri-planar
		xfer_params->xfers_needed = 3;

		y_plane_height = bo->meta.height;
		c_plane_height = DIV_ROUND_UP(bo->meta.height, 2);

		// Y-plane (full resolution)
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].x = transfer_box->x;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].y = transfer_box->y;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].width = transfer_box->width;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[0].height = transfer_box->height;

		// Cb-plane (half resolution, placed below Y-plane)
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].x = transfer_box->x;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].y = transfer_box->y + y_plane_height;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].width = DIV_ROUND_UP(transfer_box->width, 2);
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[1].height = DIV_ROUND_UP(transfer_box->height, 2);

		// Cr-plane (half resolution, placed below Cb-plane)
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[2].x = transfer_box->x;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[2].y = transfer_box->y + y_plane_height + c_plane_height;
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[2].width = DIV_ROUND_UP(transfer_box->width, 2);
		xfer_params->xfer_boxes[2].height = DIV_ROUND_UP(transfer_box->height, 2);

		break;
	}
}

static bool virgl_supports_combination_natively(struct driver *drv, uint32_t drm_format,
						uint64_t use_flags)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;

	if (priv->caps.max_version == 0)
		return true;

	if ((use_flags & BO_USE_RENDERING) &&
	    !virgl_bitmask_supports_format(&priv->caps.v1.render, drm_format))
		return false;

	if ((use_flags & BO_USE_TEXTURE) &&
	    !virgl_bitmask_supports_format(&priv->caps.v1.sampler, drm_format))
		return false;

	if ((use_flags & BO_USE_SCANOUT) && priv->caps_is_v2 &&
	    !virgl_bitmask_supports_format(&priv->caps.v2.scanout, drm_format))
		return false;

	return true;
}

// For virtio backends that do not support formats natively (e.g. multi-planar formats are not
// supported in virglrenderer when gbm is unavailable on the host machine), whether or not the
// format and usage combination can be handled as a blob (byte buffer).
static bool virgl_supports_combination_through_emulation(struct driver *drv, uint32_t drm_format,
							 uint64_t use_flags)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;

	// Only enable emulation on non-gbm virtio backends.
	if (priv->host_gbm_enabled)
		return false;

	if (use_flags & (BO_USE_RENDERING | BO_USE_SCANOUT))
		return false;

	if (!virgl_supports_combination_natively(drv, DRM_FORMAT_R8, use_flags))
		return false;

	return drm_format == DRM_FORMAT_NV12 || drm_format == DRM_FORMAT_NV21 ||
	       drm_format == DRM_FORMAT_YVU420 || drm_format == DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID;
}

// Adds the given buffer combination to the list of supported buffer combinations if the
// combination is supported by the virtio backend.
static void virgl_add_combination(struct driver *drv, uint32_t drm_format,
				  struct format_metadata *metadata, uint64_t use_flags)
{
	if (params[param_3d].value) {
		if ((use_flags & BO_USE_SCANOUT) &&
		    !virgl_supports_combination_natively(drv, drm_format, BO_USE_SCANOUT)) {
			drv_logi("Strip scanout on format: %d\n", drm_format);
			use_flags &= ~BO_USE_SCANOUT;
		}

		if (!virgl_supports_combination_natively(drv, drm_format, use_flags) &&
		    !virgl_supports_combination_through_emulation(drv, drm_format, use_flags)) {
			drv_logi("Skipping unsupported combination format:%d\n", drm_format);
			return;
		}
	}

	drv_add_combination(drv, drm_format, metadata, use_flags);
}

// Adds each given buffer combination to the list of supported buffer combinations if the
// combination supported by the virtio backend.
static void virgl_add_combinations(struct driver *drv, const uint32_t *drm_formats,
				   uint32_t num_formats, struct format_metadata *metadata,
				   uint64_t use_flags)
{
	uint32_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < num_formats; i++)
		virgl_add_combination(drv, drm_formats[i], metadata, use_flags);
}

static int virgl_2d_dumb_bo_create(struct bo *bo, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t format,
				   uint64_t use_flags)
{
	if (bo->meta.format != DRM_FORMAT_R8) {
		width = ALIGN(width, MESA_LLVMPIPE_TILE_SIZE);
		height = ALIGN(height, MESA_LLVMPIPE_TILE_SIZE);
	}

	return drv_dumb_bo_create_ex(bo, width, height, format, use_flags, BO_QUIRK_DUMB32BPP);
}

static inline void handle_flag(uint64_t *flag, uint64_t check_flag, uint32_t *bind,
			       uint32_t virgl_bind)
{
	if ((*flag) & check_flag) {
		(*flag) &= ~check_flag;
		(*bind) |= virgl_bind;
	}
}

static uint32_t compute_virgl_bind_flags(uint64_t use_flags)
{
	/* In crosvm, VIRGL_BIND_SHARED means minigbm will allocate, not virglrenderer. */
	uint32_t bind = VIRGL_BIND_SHARED;

	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_TEXTURE, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_SAMPLER_VIEW);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_RENDERING, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_RENDER_TARGET);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_SCANOUT, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_SCANOUT);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_CURSOR, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_CURSOR);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_LINEAR, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_LINEAR);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_SENSOR_DIRECT_DATA, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_LINEAR);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_LINEAR);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_FRONT_RENDERING, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_LINEAR);

	if (use_flags & BO_USE_PROTECTED) {
		handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_PROTECTED, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_PROTECTED);
	} else {
		// Make sure we don't set both flags, since that could be mistaken for
		// protected. Give OFTEN priority over RARELY.
		if (use_flags & BO_USE_SW_READ_OFTEN) {
			handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_SW_READ_OFTEN, &bind,
				    VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_SW_READ_OFTEN);
		} else {
			handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_SW_READ_RARELY, &bind,
				    VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_SW_READ_RARELY);
		}
		if (use_flags & BO_USE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN) {
			handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN, &bind,
				    VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_SW_WRITE_OFTEN);
		} else {
			handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_SW_WRITE_RARELY, &bind,
				    VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_SW_WRITE_RARELY);
		}
	}

	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_CAMERA_WRITE);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_CAMERA_READ, &bind, VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_CAMERA_READ);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER, &bind,
		    VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_HW_VIDEO_DECODER);
	handle_flag(&use_flags, BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER, &bind,
		    VIRGL_BIND_MINIGBM_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);

	if (use_flags)
		drv_loge("Unhandled bo use flag: %llx\n", (unsigned long long)use_flags);

	return bind;
}

static int virgl_3d_bo_create(struct bo *bo, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t format,
			      uint64_t use_flags)
{
	int ret;
	size_t i;
	uint32_t stride;
	struct drm_virtgpu_resource_create res_create = { 0 };
	struct bo_metadata emulated_metadata;

	if (virgl_supports_combination_natively(bo->drv, format, use_flags)) {
		stride = drv_stride_from_format(format, width, 0);
		drv_bo_from_format(bo, stride, 1, height, format);
	} else {
		assert(virgl_supports_combination_through_emulation(bo->drv, format, use_flags));

		virgl_get_emulated_metadata(bo, &emulated_metadata);

		format = emulated_metadata.format;
		width = emulated_metadata.width;
		height = emulated_metadata.height;
		for (i = 0; i < emulated_metadata.num_planes; i++) {
			bo->meta.strides[i] = emulated_metadata.strides[i];
			bo->meta.offsets[i] = emulated_metadata.offsets[i];
			bo->meta.sizes[i] = emulated_metadata.sizes[i];
		}
		bo->meta.total_size = emulated_metadata.total_size;
	}

	/*
	 * Setting the target is intended to ensure this resource gets bound as a 2D
	 * texture in the host renderer's GL state. All of these resource properties are
	 * sent unchanged by the kernel to the host, which in turn sends them unchanged to
	 * virglrenderer. When virglrenderer makes a resource, it will convert the target
	 * enum to the equivalent one in GL and then bind the resource to that target.
	 */

	res_create.target = PIPE_TEXTURE_2D;
	res_create.format = translate_format(format);
	res_create.bind = compute_virgl_bind_flags(use_flags);
	res_create.width = width;
	res_create.height = height;

	/* For virgl 3D */
	res_create.depth = 1;
	res_create.array_size = 1;
	res_create.last_level = 0;
	res_create.nr_samples = 0;

	res_create.size = ALIGN(bo->meta.total_size, PAGE_SIZE); // PAGE_SIZE = 0x1000
	ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_CREATE, &res_create);
	if (ret) {
		drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_CREATE failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return ret;
	}

	bo->handle.u32 = res_create.bo_handle;

	return 0;
}

static void *virgl_3d_bo_map(struct bo *bo, struct vma *vma, uint32_t map_flags)
{
	int ret;
	struct drm_virtgpu_map gem_map = { 0 };

	gem_map.handle = bo->handle.u32;
	ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_MAP, &gem_map);
	if (ret) {
		drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_MAP failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return MAP_FAILED;
	}

	vma->length = bo->meta.total_size;
	return mmap(0, bo->meta.total_size, drv_get_prot(map_flags), MAP_SHARED, bo->drv->fd,
		    gem_map.offset);
}

static uint32_t virgl_3d_get_max_texture_2d_size(struct driver *drv)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;

	if (priv->caps.v2.max_texture_2d_size)
		return priv->caps.v2.max_texture_2d_size;

	return UINT32_MAX;
}

static int virgl_get_caps(struct driver *drv, union virgl_caps *caps, int *caps_is_v2)
{
	int ret;
	struct drm_virtgpu_get_caps cap_args = { 0 };

	memset(caps, 0, sizeof(union virgl_caps));
	*caps_is_v2 = 0;

	if (params[param_supported_capset_ids].value) {
		drv_logi("Supported CAPSET IDs: %u.", params[param_supported_capset_ids].value);
		if (params[param_supported_capset_ids].value & (1 << VIRTIO_GPU_CAPSET_VIRGL2)) {
			*caps_is_v2 = 1;
		} else if (params[param_supported_capset_ids].value &
			   (1 << VIRTIO_GPU_CAPSET_VIRGL)) {
			*caps_is_v2 = 0;
		} else {
			drv_logi("Unrecognized CAPSET IDs: %u. Assuming all zero caps.",
				 params[param_supported_capset_ids].value);
			return 0;
		}
	} else if (params[param_capset_fix].value) {
		*caps_is_v2 = 1;
	}

	cap_args.addr = (unsigned long long)caps;
	if (*caps_is_v2) {
		cap_args.cap_set_id = VIRTIO_GPU_CAPSET_VIRGL2;
		cap_args.size = sizeof(union virgl_caps);
	} else {
		cap_args.cap_set_id = VIRTIO_GPU_CAPSET_VIRGL;
		cap_args.size = sizeof(struct virgl_caps_v1);
	}

	ret = drmIoctl(drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_GET_CAPS, &cap_args);
	if (ret) {
		drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_GET_CAPS failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
		*caps_is_v2 = 0;

		// Fallback to v1
		cap_args.cap_set_id = VIRTIO_GPU_CAPSET_VIRGL;
		cap_args.size = sizeof(struct virgl_caps_v1);

		ret = drmIoctl(drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_GET_CAPS, &cap_args);
		if (ret)
			drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_GET_CAPS failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
	}

	return ret;
}

static void virgl_init_params_and_caps(struct driver *drv)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;
	if (params[param_3d].value) {
		virgl_get_caps(drv, &priv->caps, &priv->caps_is_v2);

		// We use two criteria to determine whether host minigbm is used on the host for
		// swapchain allocations.
		//
		// (1) Host minigbm is only available via virglrenderer, and only virglrenderer
		//     advertises capabilities.
		// (2) Only host minigbm doesn't emulate YUV formats.  Checking this is a bit of a
		//     proxy, but it works.
		priv->host_gbm_enabled =
		    priv->caps.max_version > 0 &&
		    virgl_supports_combination_natively(drv, DRM_FORMAT_NV12, BO_USE_TEXTURE);
	}
}

static int virgl_init(struct driver *drv)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv;

	priv = calloc(1, sizeof(*priv));
	if (!priv)
		return -ENOMEM;

	int ret = pthread_mutex_init(&priv->host_blob_format_lock, NULL);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	drv->priv = priv;
	lru_init(&priv->virgl_blob_metadata_cache, MAX_CACHED_FORMATS);

	virgl_init_params_and_caps(drv);

	if (params[param_3d].value) {
		/* This doesn't mean host can scanout everything, it just means host
		 * hypervisor can show it. */
		virgl_add_combinations(drv, render_target_formats,
				       ARRAY_SIZE(render_target_formats), &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_RENDER_MASK | BO_USE_SCANOUT);
		virgl_add_combinations(drv, texture_source_formats,
				       ARRAY_SIZE(texture_source_formats), &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_TEXTURE_MASK);
		/* NV12 with scanout must flow through virgl_add_combination, so that the native
		 * support is checked and scanout use_flag can be conditionally stripped. */
		virgl_add_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_NV12, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				      BO_USE_TEXTURE_MASK | BO_USE_CAMERA_READ |
					  BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER |
					  BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER | BO_USE_SCANOUT);
	} else {
		/* Virtio primary plane only allows this format. */
		virgl_add_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				      BO_USE_RENDER_MASK | BO_USE_SCANOUT);
		/* Virtio cursor plane only allows this format and Chrome cannot live without
		 * ARGB888 renderable format. */
		virgl_add_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				      BO_USE_RENDER_MASK | BO_USE_CURSOR);
		/* Android needs more, but they cannot be bound as scanouts anymore after
		 * "drm/virtio: fix DRM_FORMAT_* handling" */
		virgl_add_combinations(drv, render_target_formats,
				       ARRAY_SIZE(render_target_formats), &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_RENDER_MASK);
		virgl_add_combinations(drv, dumb_texture_source_formats,
				       ARRAY_SIZE(dumb_texture_source_formats), &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_TEXTURE_MASK);
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_NV12, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);
	}

	/* Android CTS tests require this. */
	virgl_add_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_RGB888, &LINEAR_METADATA, BO_USE_SW_MASK);
	virgl_add_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_BGR888, &LINEAR_METADATA, BO_USE_SW_MASK);
	/* Android Camera CTS tests requires this. Additionally, the scanout usage is needed for
	 * Camera preview and is expected to be conditionally stripped by virgl_add_combination
	 * when not natively supported and instead handled by HWComposer. */
	virgl_add_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_P010, &LINEAR_METADATA,
			      BO_USE_SCANOUT | BO_USE_TEXTURE | BO_USE_SW_MASK |
				  BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE);
	/* Android VTS sensors hal tests require BO_USE_SENSOR_DIRECT_DATA. */
	drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_R8, &LINEAR_METADATA,
			       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER |
				   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER | BO_USE_SENSOR_DIRECT_DATA |
				   BO_USE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER);

	if (!priv->host_gbm_enabled) {
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_NV21, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_R16, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER);
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_YVU420, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);
		drv_modify_combination(drv, DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID, &LINEAR_METADATA,
				       BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE |
					   BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER | BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER);
	}

	return drv_modify_linear_combinations(drv);
}

static void virgl_close(struct driver *drv)
{
	free(drv->priv);
	drv->priv = NULL;
}

static uint32_t blob_flags_from_use_flags(uint32_t use_flags)
{
	uint32_t blob_flags = VIRTGPU_BLOB_FLAG_USE_SHAREABLE;
	if (use_flags & (BO_USE_SW_MASK | BO_USE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER))
		blob_flags |= VIRTGPU_BLOB_FLAG_USE_MAPPABLE;

	// For now, all blob use cases are cross device. When we add wider
	// support for blobs, we can revisit making this unconditional.
	blob_flags |= VIRTGPU_BLOB_FLAG_USE_CROSS_DEVICE;

	return blob_flags;
}

static bool virgl_blob_metadata_eq(struct lru_entry *entry, void *data)
{
	struct virgl_blob_metadata_cache *e = lru_entry_to_metadata(entry);
	struct bo_metadata *meta = data;
	uint32_t virgl_format1 = translate_format(e->meta.format);
	uint32_t virgl_format2 = translate_format(meta->format);

	return e->meta.height == meta->height && e->meta.width == meta->width &&
	       e->meta.use_flags == meta->use_flags && virgl_format1 == virgl_format2;
}

static int virgl_blob_do_create(struct driver *drv, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
				uint32_t use_flags, uint32_t virgl_format, uint32_t total_size,
				uint32_t *bo_handle)
{
	int ret;
	uint32_t cur_blob_id;
	uint32_t cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_SIZE + 1] = { 0 };
	struct drm_virtgpu_resource_create_blob drm_rc_blob = { 0 };
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;
	uint32_t virgl_bind_flags = compute_virgl_bind_flags(use_flags);
	uint32_t blob_flags = blob_flags_from_use_flags(use_flags);

	cur_blob_id = atomic_fetch_add(&priv->next_blob_id, 1);

	cmd[0] = VIRGL_CMD0(VIRGL_CCMD_PIPE_RESOURCE_CREATE, 0, VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_SIZE);
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_TARGET] = PIPE_TEXTURE_2D;
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_WIDTH] = width;
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_HEIGHT] = height;
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_FORMAT] = virgl_format;
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_BIND] = virgl_bind_flags;
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_DEPTH] = 1;
	cmd[VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_BLOB_ID] = cur_blob_id;

	drm_rc_blob.cmd = (uint64_t)&cmd;
	drm_rc_blob.cmd_size = 4 * (VIRGL_PIPE_RES_CREATE_SIZE + 1);
	drm_rc_blob.size = total_size;
	drm_rc_blob.blob_mem = VIRTGPU_BLOB_MEM_HOST3D;
	drm_rc_blob.blob_flags = blob_flags;
	drm_rc_blob.blob_id = cur_blob_id;

	ret = drmIoctl(drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_CREATE_BLOB, &drm_rc_blob);
	if (ret < 0) {
		drv_loge("DRM_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_CREATE_BLOB failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -errno;
	}

	*bo_handle = drm_rc_blob.bo_handle;
	return 0;
}

// Queries the host layout for the requested buffer metadata.
//
// Of particular interest is total_size. This value is passed to the kernel when creating
// a buffer via drm_virtgpu_resource_create_blob.size, to specify how much "vram" to
// allocate for use when exposing the host buffer to the guest. As such, we need to know
// this value before allocating a buffer to ensure that the full host buffer is actually
// visible to the guest.
//
// Note that we can't reuse these test buffers as actual allocations because our guess for
// total_size is insufficient if width!=stride or padding!=0.
static int virgl_blob_get_host_format(struct driver *drv, struct bo_metadata *meta)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;
	int num_planes = drv_num_planes_from_format(meta->format);

	pthread_mutex_lock(&priv->host_blob_format_lock);
	if (meta->format == DRM_FORMAT_R8) {
		meta->offsets[0] = 0;
		meta->sizes[0] = meta->width;
		meta->strides[0] = meta->width;
		meta->total_size = meta->width;
	} else {
		uint32_t virgl_format = translate_format(meta->format);
		struct virgl_blob_metadata_cache *entry;

		entry = lru_entry_to_metadata(
		    lru_find(&priv->virgl_blob_metadata_cache, virgl_blob_metadata_eq, meta));

		if (!entry) {
			uint32_t total_size = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < num_planes; i++) {
				uint32_t stride =
				    drv_stride_from_format(meta->format, meta->width, i);
				total_size +=
				    drv_size_from_format(meta->format, stride, meta->height, i);
			}

			uint32_t handle;
			int ret =
			    virgl_blob_do_create(drv, meta->width, meta->height, meta->use_flags,
						 virgl_format, total_size, &handle);
			if (ret) {
				pthread_mutex_unlock(&priv->host_blob_format_lock);
				return ret;
			}

			struct drm_virtgpu_resource_info_cros info = { 0 };
			info.bo_handle = handle;
			info.type = VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_INFO_TYPE_EXTENDED;
			int info_ret =
			    drmIoctl(drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_INFO_CROS, &info);

			struct drm_gem_close gem_close = { 0 };
			gem_close.handle = handle;
			int close_ret = drmIoctl(drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_GEM_CLOSE, &gem_close);
			if (close_ret)
				drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_GEM_CLOSE failed (handle=%x) error %d\n",
					 handle, close_ret);

			if (info_ret) {
				pthread_mutex_unlock(&priv->host_blob_format_lock);
				drv_loge("Getting resource info failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
				return info_ret;
			}

			entry = calloc(1, sizeof(*entry));
			entry->meta = *meta;

			for (int i = 0; i < num_planes; i++) {
				entry->meta.strides[i] = info.strides[i];
				entry->meta.sizes[i] =
				    info.strides[i] *
				    drv_height_from_format(meta->format, meta->height, i);
				entry->meta.offsets[i] = info.offsets[i];
			}
			entry->meta.total_size =
			    entry->meta.offsets[num_planes - 1] + entry->meta.sizes[num_planes - 1];
			entry->meta.format_modifier = info.format_modifier;

			lru_insert(&priv->virgl_blob_metadata_cache, &entry->entry);
		}

		memcpy(meta->offsets, entry->meta.offsets, sizeof(meta->offsets));
		memcpy(meta->sizes, entry->meta.sizes, sizeof(meta->sizes));
		memcpy(meta->strides, entry->meta.strides, sizeof(meta->strides));
		meta->total_size = entry->meta.total_size;
		meta->format_modifier = entry->meta.format_modifier;
	}
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&priv->host_blob_format_lock);

	meta->total_size = ALIGN(meta->total_size, PAGE_SIZE);
	meta->tiling = blob_flags_from_use_flags(meta->use_flags);

	return 0;
}

static int virgl_bo_create_blob(struct driver *drv, struct bo *bo)
{
	int ret;
	uint32_t virgl_format = translate_format(bo->meta.format);
	uint32_t bo_handle;

	virgl_blob_get_host_format(drv, &bo->meta);
	ret = virgl_blob_do_create(drv, bo->meta.width, bo->meta.height, bo->meta.use_flags,
				   virgl_format, bo->meta.total_size, &bo_handle);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	bo->handle.u32 = bo_handle;

	return 0;
}

static bool should_use_blob(struct driver *drv, uint32_t format, uint64_t use_flags)
{
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)drv->priv;

	// TODO(gurchetansingh): remove once all minigbm users are blob-safe
#ifndef VIRTIO_GPU_NEXT
	return false;
#endif

	// Only use blob when host gbm is available
	if (!priv->host_gbm_enabled)
		return false;

	// Use regular resources if only the GPU needs efficient access. Blob resource is a better
	// fit for BO_USE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER which is mapped to VIRGL_BIND_LINEAR.
	if (!(use_flags & (BO_USE_SW_READ_OFTEN | BO_USE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | BO_USE_LINEAR |
			   BO_USE_NON_GPU_HW | BO_USE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER)))
		return false;

	switch (format) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_R8:
		// Formats with strictly defined strides are supported
		return true;
	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888:
		// Formats used with frequent software reads are supported as long as they
		// will not be used by non-GPU hardware.
		return (use_flags & BO_USE_SW_READ_OFTEN) && !(use_flags & BO_USE_NON_GPU_HW);
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID:
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV12:
		// Zero copy buffers are exposed for guest software access via a persistent
		// mapping, with no flush/invalidate messages. However, the virtio-video
		// device relies transfers to/from the host waiting on implicit fences in
		// the host kernel to synchronize with hardware output. As such, we can only
		// use zero copy if the guest doesn't need software access.
		return (use_flags & BO_USE_SW_MASK) == 0;
	default:
		return false;
	}
}

static int virgl_bo_create(struct bo *bo, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t format,
			   uint64_t use_flags)
{
	if (params[param_resource_blob].value && params[param_host_visible].value &&
	    should_use_blob(bo->drv, format, use_flags))
		return virgl_bo_create_blob(bo->drv, bo);

	if (params[param_3d].value)
		return virgl_3d_bo_create(bo, width, height, format, use_flags);
	else
		return virgl_2d_dumb_bo_create(bo, width, height, format, use_flags);
}

static int virgl_bo_create_with_modifiers(struct bo *bo, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
					  uint32_t format, const uint64_t *modifiers,
					  uint32_t count)
{
	uint64_t use_flags = 0;

	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
		if (modifiers[i] == DRM_FORMAT_MOD_LINEAR) {
			return virgl_bo_create(bo, width, height, format, use_flags);
		}
	}

	return -EINVAL;
}

static int virgl_bo_destroy(struct bo *bo)
{
	if (params[param_3d].value)
		return drv_gem_bo_destroy(bo);
	else
		return drv_dumb_bo_destroy(bo);
}

static void *virgl_bo_map(struct bo *bo, struct vma *vma, uint32_t map_flags)
{
	if (params[param_3d].value)
		return virgl_3d_bo_map(bo, vma, map_flags);
	else
		return drv_dumb_bo_map(bo, vma, map_flags);
}

static bool is_arc_screen_capture_bo(struct bo *bo)
{
	struct drm_prime_handle prime_handle = {};
	int ret, fd;
	char tmp[256];

	if (bo->meta.num_planes != 1 ||
	    (bo->meta.format != DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888 && bo->meta.format != DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888 &&
	     bo->meta.format != DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888 && bo->meta.format != DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888))
		return false;
	prime_handle.handle = bo->handle.u32;
	ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_PRIME_HANDLE_TO_FD, &prime_handle);
	if (ret < 0)
		return false;
	snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/proc/self/fdinfo/%d", prime_handle.fd);
	fd = open(tmp, O_RDONLY);
	if (fd < 0) {
		close(prime_handle.fd);
		return false;
	}
	ret = read(fd, tmp, sizeof(tmp) - 1);
	close(prime_handle.fd);
	close(fd);
	if (ret < 0)
		return false;
	tmp[ret] = 0;

	return strstr(tmp, "ARC-SCREEN-CAP");
}

static int virgl_bo_invalidate(struct bo *bo, struct mapping *mapping)
{
	int ret;
	size_t i;
	struct drm_virtgpu_3d_transfer_from_host xfer = { 0 };
	struct drm_virtgpu_3d_wait waitcmd = { 0 };
	struct virtio_transfers_params xfer_params;
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)bo->drv->priv;
	uint64_t host_write_flags;

	if (!params[param_3d].value)
		return 0;

	// Invalidate is only necessary if the host writes to the buffer. The encoder and
	// decoder flags don't differentiate between input and output buffers, but we can
	// use the format to determine whether this buffer could be encoder/decoder output.
	host_write_flags = BO_USE_RENDERING | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE | BO_USE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER;
	if (bo->meta.format == DRM_FORMAT_R8)
		host_write_flags |= BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER;
	else
		host_write_flags |= BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_DECODER;

	// TODO(b/267892346): Revert this workaround after migrating to virtgpu_cross_domain
	// backend since it's a special arc only behavior.
	if (!(bo->meta.use_flags & (BO_USE_ARC_SCREEN_CAP_PROBED | BO_USE_RENDERING))) {
		bo->meta.use_flags |= BO_USE_ARC_SCREEN_CAP_PROBED;
		if (is_arc_screen_capture_bo(bo)) {
			bo->meta.use_flags |= BO_USE_RENDERING;
		}
	}

	if ((bo->meta.use_flags & host_write_flags) == 0)
		return 0;

	if (params[param_resource_blob].value && (bo->meta.tiling & VIRTGPU_BLOB_FLAG_USE_MAPPABLE))
		return 0;

	xfer.bo_handle = mapping->vma->handle;

	if (mapping->rect.x || mapping->rect.y) {
		/*
		 * virglrenderer uses the box parameters and assumes that offset == 0 for planar
		 * images
		 */
		if (bo->meta.num_planes == 1) {
			xfer.offset =
			    (bo->meta.strides[0] * mapping->rect.y) +
			    drv_bytes_per_pixel_from_format(bo->meta.format, 0) * mapping->rect.x;
		}
	}

	if ((bo->meta.use_flags & BO_USE_RENDERING) == 0) {
		// Unfortunately, the kernel doesn't actually pass the guest layer_stride
		// and guest stride to the host (compare virgl.h and virtgpu_drm.h).
		// For gbm based resources, we can work around this by using the level field
		// to pass the stride to virglrenderer's gbm transfer code. However, we need
		// to avoid doing this for resources which don't rely on that transfer code,
		// which is resources with the BO_USE_RENDERING flag set.
		// TODO(b/145993887): Send also stride when the patches are landed
		if (priv->host_gbm_enabled)
			xfer.level = bo->meta.strides[0];
	}

	if (virgl_supports_combination_natively(bo->drv, bo->meta.format, bo->meta.use_flags)) {
		xfer_params.xfers_needed = 1;
		xfer_params.xfer_boxes[0] = mapping->rect;
	} else {
		assert(virgl_supports_combination_through_emulation(bo->drv, bo->meta.format,
								    bo->meta.use_flags));

		virgl_get_emulated_transfers_params(bo, &mapping->rect, &xfer_params);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < xfer_params.xfers_needed; i++) {
		xfer.box.x = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].x;
		xfer.box.y = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].y;
		xfer.box.w = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].width;
		xfer.box.h = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].height;
		xfer.box.d = 1;

		ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_TRANSFER_FROM_HOST, &xfer);
		if (ret) {
			drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_TRANSFER_FROM_HOST failed with %s\n",
				 strerror(errno));
			return -errno;
		}
	}

	// The transfer needs to complete before invalidate returns so that any host changes
	// are visible and to ensure the host doesn't overwrite subsequent guest changes.
	// TODO(b/136733358): Support returning fences from transfers
	waitcmd.handle = mapping->vma->handle;
	ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_WAIT, &waitcmd);
	if (ret) {
		drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_WAIT failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -errno;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int virgl_bo_flush(struct bo *bo, struct mapping *mapping)
{
	int ret;
	size_t i;
	struct drm_virtgpu_3d_transfer_to_host xfer = { 0 };
	struct drm_virtgpu_3d_wait waitcmd = { 0 };
	struct virtio_transfers_params xfer_params;
	struct virgl_priv *priv = (struct virgl_priv *)bo->drv->priv;

	if (!params[param_3d].value)
		return 0;

	if (!(mapping->vma->map_flags & BO_MAP_WRITE))
		return 0;

	if (params[param_resource_blob].value && (bo->meta.tiling & VIRTGPU_BLOB_FLAG_USE_MAPPABLE))
		return 0;

	xfer.bo_handle = mapping->vma->handle;

	if (mapping->rect.x || mapping->rect.y) {
		/*
		 * virglrenderer uses the box parameters and assumes that offset == 0 for planar
		 * images
		 */
		if (bo->meta.num_planes == 1) {
			xfer.offset =
			    (bo->meta.strides[0] * mapping->rect.y) +
			    drv_bytes_per_pixel_from_format(bo->meta.format, 0) * mapping->rect.x;
		}
	}

	// Unfortunately, the kernel doesn't actually pass the guest layer_stride and
	// guest stride to the host (compare virgl.h and virtgpu_drm.h). We can use
	// the level to work around this.
	if (priv->host_gbm_enabled)
		xfer.level = bo->meta.strides[0];

	if (virgl_supports_combination_natively(bo->drv, bo->meta.format, bo->meta.use_flags)) {
		xfer_params.xfers_needed = 1;
		xfer_params.xfer_boxes[0] = mapping->rect;
	} else {
		assert(virgl_supports_combination_through_emulation(bo->drv, bo->meta.format,
								    bo->meta.use_flags));

		virgl_get_emulated_transfers_params(bo, &mapping->rect, &xfer_params);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < xfer_params.xfers_needed; i++) {
		xfer.box.x = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].x;
		xfer.box.y = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].y;
		xfer.box.w = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].width;
		xfer.box.h = xfer_params.xfer_boxes[i].height;
		xfer.box.d = 1;

		ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_TRANSFER_TO_HOST, &xfer);
		if (ret) {
			drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_TRANSFER_TO_HOST failed with %s\n",
				 strerror(errno));
			return -errno;
		}
	}

	// If the buffer is only accessed by the host GPU, then the flush is ordered
	// with subsequent commands. However, if other host hardware can access the
	// buffer, we need to wait for the transfer to complete for consistency.
	// TODO(b/136733358): Support returning fences from transfers
	if (bo->meta.use_flags & BO_USE_NON_GPU_HW) {
		waitcmd.handle = mapping->vma->handle;

		ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_WAIT, &waitcmd);
		if (ret) {
			drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_WAIT failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
			return -errno;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

static void virgl_3d_resolve_format_and_use_flags(struct driver *drv, uint32_t format,
						  uint64_t use_flags, uint32_t *out_format,
						  uint64_t *out_use_flags)
{
	*out_format = format;
	*out_use_flags = use_flags;

	/* resolve flexible format into explicit format */
	switch (format) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_FLEX_IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED:
		/* Camera subsystem requires NV12. */
		if (use_flags & (BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE)) {
			*out_format = DRM_FORMAT_NV12;
		} else {
			/* HACK: See b/28671744 and b/264408280 */
			*out_format = DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888;
			*out_use_flags &= ~BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER;
			*out_use_flags |= BO_USE_LINEAR;
		}
		break;
	case DRM_FORMAT_FLEX_YCbCr_420_888:
		/* All of our host drivers prefer NV12 as their flexible media format.
		 * If that changes, this will need to be modified. */
		*out_format = DRM_FORMAT_NV12;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}

	/* resolve explicit format */
	switch (*out_format) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_NV12:
	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888:
	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888:
	case DRM_FORMAT_RGB565:
	case DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888:
	case DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888:
		/* These are the scanout capable formats to the guest. Strip scanout use_flag if the
		 * host does not natively support scanout on the requested format. */
		if ((*out_use_flags & BO_USE_SCANOUT) &&
		    !virgl_supports_combination_natively(drv, *out_format, BO_USE_SCANOUT))
			*out_use_flags &= ~BO_USE_SCANOUT;
		break;
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID:
		*out_use_flags &= ~BO_USE_SCANOUT;
		/* HACK: See b/172389166. Also see gbm_bo_create. */
		*out_use_flags |= BO_USE_LINEAR;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

static void virgl_2d_resolve_format_and_use_flags(uint32_t format, uint64_t use_flags,
						  uint32_t *out_format, uint64_t *out_use_flags)
{
	*out_format = format;
	*out_use_flags = use_flags;

	/* HACK: See crrev/c/1849773 */
	if (format != DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888)
		*out_use_flags &= ~BO_USE_SCANOUT;

	switch (format) {
	case DRM_FORMAT_FLEX_IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED:
		/* Camera subsystem requires NV12. */
		if (use_flags & (BO_USE_CAMERA_READ | BO_USE_CAMERA_WRITE)) {
			*out_format = DRM_FORMAT_NV12;
		} else {
			/* HACK: See b/28671744 */
			*out_format = DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888;
			*out_use_flags &= ~BO_USE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER;
		}
		break;
	case DRM_FORMAT_FLEX_YCbCr_420_888:
		*out_format = DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID;
		/* fallthrough */
	case DRM_FORMAT_YVU420_ANDROID:
		*out_use_flags &= ~BO_USE_SCANOUT;
		/* HACK: See b/172389166. Also see gbm_bo_create. */
		*out_use_flags |= BO_USE_LINEAR;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

static void virgl_resolve_format_and_use_flags(struct driver *drv, uint32_t format,
					       uint64_t use_flags, uint32_t *out_format,
					       uint64_t *out_use_flags)
{
	if (params[param_3d].value) {
		return virgl_3d_resolve_format_and_use_flags(drv, format, use_flags, out_format,
							     out_use_flags);
	} else {
		return virgl_2d_resolve_format_and_use_flags(format, use_flags, out_format,
							     out_use_flags);
	}
}

static int virgl_resource_info(struct bo *bo, uint32_t strides[DRV_MAX_PLANES],
			       uint32_t offsets[DRV_MAX_PLANES], uint64_t *format_modifier)
{
	int ret;
	struct drm_virtgpu_resource_info_cros res_info = { 0 };

	if (!params[param_3d].value)
		return 0;

	res_info.bo_handle = bo->handle.u32;
	res_info.type = VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_INFO_TYPE_EXTENDED;
	ret = drmIoctl(bo->drv->fd, DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_INFO_CROS, &res_info);
	if (ret) {
		drv_loge("DRM_IOCTL_VIRTGPU_RESOURCE_INFO failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return ret;
	}

	for (uint32_t plane = 0; plane < DRV_MAX_PLANES; plane++) {
		/*
		 * Currently, kernel v4.14 (Betty) doesn't have the extended resource info
		 * ioctl.
		 */
		if (!res_info.strides[plane])
			break;

		strides[plane] = res_info.strides[plane];
		offsets[plane] = res_info.offsets[plane];
	}
	*format_modifier = res_info.format_modifier;

	return 0;
}

static uint32_t virgl_get_max_texture_2d_size(struct driver *drv)
{
	if (params[param_3d].value)
		return virgl_3d_get_max_texture_2d_size(drv);
	else
		return VIRGL_2D_MAX_TEXTURE_2D_SIZE;
}

const struct backend virtgpu_virgl = { .name = "virtgpu_virgl",
				       .init = virgl_init,
				       .close = virgl_close,
				       .bo_create = virgl_bo_create,
				       .bo_create_with_modifiers = virgl_bo_create_with_modifiers,
				       .bo_destroy = virgl_bo_destroy,
				       .bo_import = drv_prime_bo_import,
				       .bo_map = virgl_bo_map,
				       .bo_unmap = drv_bo_munmap,
				       .bo_invalidate = virgl_bo_invalidate,
				       .bo_flush = virgl_bo_flush,
				       .resolve_format_and_use_flags =
					   virgl_resolve_format_and_use_flags,
				       .resource_info = virgl_resource_info,
				       .get_max_texture_2d_size = virgl_get_max_texture_2d_size };