base/functional/callback_helpers.h

// Copyright 2012 The Chromium Authors
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

// This defines helpful methods for dealing with Callbacks.  Because Callbacks
// are implemented using templates, with a class per callback signature, adding
// methods to Callback<> itself is unattractive (lots of extra code gets
// generated).  Instead, consider adding methods here.

#ifndef BASE_FUNCTIONAL_CALLBACK_HELPERS_H_
#define BASE_FUNCTIONAL_CALLBACK_HELPERS_H_

#include <atomic>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>

#include "base/atomicops.h"
#include "base/base_export.h"
#include "base/check.h"
#include "base/functional/bind.h"
#include "base/functional/callback.h"
#include "base/functional/callback_tags.h"

namespace base {

namespace internal {

template <typename T>
struct IsBaseCallbackImpl : std::false_type {};

template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct IsBaseCallbackImpl<OnceCallback<R(Args...)>> : std::true_type {};

template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct IsBaseCallbackImpl<RepeatingCallback<R(Args...)>> : std::true_type {};

}  // namespace internal

// IsBaseCallback<T> is satisfied if and only if T is an instantiation of
// base::OnceCallback<Signature> or base::RepeatingCallback<Signature>.
template <typename T>
concept IsBaseCallback = internal::IsBaseCallbackImpl<std::decay_t<T>>::value;

namespace internal {

template <typename... Args>
class OnceCallbackHolder final {
 public:
  OnceCallbackHolder(OnceCallback<void(Args...)> callback,
                     bool ignore_extra_runs)
      : callback_(std::move(callback)), ignore_extra_runs_(ignore_extra_runs) {
    DCHECK(callback_);
  }
  OnceCallbackHolder(const OnceCallbackHolder&) = delete;
  OnceCallbackHolder& operator=(const OnceCallbackHolder&) = delete;

  void Run(Args... args) {
    if (has_run_.exchange(true, std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
      CHECK(ignore_extra_runs_) << "Both OnceCallbacks returned by "
                                   "base::SplitOnceCallback() were run. "
                                   "At most one of the pair should be run.";
      return;
    }
    DCHECK(callback_);
    std::move(callback_).Run(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
  }

 private:
  std::atomic<bool> has_run_{false};
  base::OnceCallback<void(Args...)> callback_;
  const bool ignore_extra_runs_;
};

template <typename... Args>
void ForwardRepeatingCallbacksImpl(
    std::vector<RepeatingCallback<void(Args...)>> cbs,
    Args... args) {
  for (auto& cb : cbs) {
    if (cb) {
      cb.Run(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace internal

// Wraps the given RepeatingCallbacks and return one RepeatingCallbacks with an
// identical signature. On invocation of this callback, all the given
// RepeatingCallbacks will be called with the same arguments. Unbound arguments
// must be copyable.
template <typename... Args>
RepeatingCallback<void(Args...)> ForwardRepeatingCallbacks(
    std::initializer_list<RepeatingCallback<void(Args...)>>&& cbs) {
  std::vector<RepeatingCallback<void(Args...)>> v(
      std::forward<std::initializer_list<RepeatingCallback<void(Args...)>>>(
          cbs));
  return BindRepeating(&internal::ForwardRepeatingCallbacksImpl<Args...>,
                       std::move(v));
}

// Wraps the given OnceCallback and returns two OnceCallbacks with an identical
// signature. On first invokation of either returned callbacks, the original
// callback is invoked. Invoking the remaining callback results in a crash.
template <typename... Args>
std::pair<OnceCallback<void(Args...)>, OnceCallback<void(Args...)>>
SplitOnceCallback(OnceCallback<void(Args...)> callback) {
  if (!callback) {
    // Empty input begets two empty outputs.
    return std::make_pair(OnceCallback<void(Args...)>(),
                          OnceCallback<void(Args...)>());
  }
  using Helper = internal::OnceCallbackHolder<Args...>;
  auto wrapped_once = base::BindRepeating(
      &Helper::Run, std::make_unique<Helper>(std::move(callback),
                                             /*ignore_extra_runs=*/false));
  return std::make_pair(wrapped_once, wrapped_once);
}

// Adapts `callback` for use in a context which is expecting a callback with
// additional parameters. Returns a null callback if `callback` is null.
//
// Usage:
//   bool LogError(char* error_message) {
//     if (error_message) {
//       cout << "Log: " << error_message << endl;
//       return false;
//     }
//     return true;
//   }
//   base::RepeatingCallback<bool(int, char*)> cb =
//      base::IgnoreArgs<int>(base::BindRepeating(&LogError));
//   CHECK_EQ(true, cb.Run(42, nullptr));
//
// Note in the example above that the type(s) passed to `IgnoreArgs`
// represent the additional prepended parameters (those which will be
// "ignored").
template <typename... Preargs, typename... Args, typename R>
RepeatingCallback<R(Preargs..., Args...)> IgnoreArgs(
    RepeatingCallback<R(Args...)> callback) {
  return callback ? ::base::BindRepeating(
                        [](RepeatingCallback<R(Args...)> callback, Preargs...,
                           Args... args) {
                          return std::move(callback).Run(
                              std::forward<Args>(args)...);
                        },
                        std::move(callback))
                  : RepeatingCallback<R(Preargs..., Args...)>();
}

// As above, but for OnceCallback.
template <typename... Preargs, typename... Args, typename R>
OnceCallback<R(Preargs..., Args...)> IgnoreArgs(
    OnceCallback<R(Args...)> callback) {
  return callback ? ::base::BindOnce(
                        [](OnceCallback<R(Args...)> callback, Preargs...,
                           Args... args) {
                          return std::move(callback).Run(
                              std::forward<Args>(args)...);
                        },
                        std::move(callback))
                  : OnceCallback<R(Preargs..., Args...)>();
}

// ScopedClosureRunner is akin to std::unique_ptr<> for Closures. It ensures
// that the Closure is executed no matter how the current scope exits.
// If you are looking for "ScopedCallback", "CallbackRunner", or
// "CallbackScoper" this is the class you want.
class BASE_EXPORT ScopedClosureRunner {
 public:
  ScopedClosureRunner();
  [[nodiscard]] explicit ScopedClosureRunner(OnceClosure closure);
  ScopedClosureRunner(ScopedClosureRunner&& other);
  // Runs the current closure if it's set, then replaces it with the closure
  // from |other|. This is akin to how unique_ptr frees the contained pointer in
  // its move assignment operator. If you need to explicitly avoid running any
  // current closure, use ReplaceClosure().
  ScopedClosureRunner& operator=(ScopedClosureRunner&& other);
  ~ScopedClosureRunner();

  explicit operator bool() const { return !!closure_; }

  // Calls the current closure and resets it, so it wont be called again.
  void RunAndReset();

  // Replaces closure with the new one releasing the old one without calling it.
  void ReplaceClosure(OnceClosure closure);

  // Releases the Closure without calling.
  [[nodiscard]] OnceClosure Release();

 private:
  OnceClosure closure_;
};

// Returns a placeholder type that will implicitly convert into a null callback,
// similar to how std::nullopt / std::nullptr work in conjunction with
// std::optional and various smart pointer types.
constexpr auto NullCallback() {
  return internal::NullCallbackTag();
}

// Returns a placeholder type that will implicitly convert into a callback that
// does nothing, similar to how std::nullopt / std::nullptr work in conjunction
// with std::optional and various smart pointer types.
constexpr auto DoNothing() {
  return internal::DoNothingCallbackTag();
}

// Similar to the above, but with a type hint. Useful for disambiguating
// among multiple function overloads that take callbacks with different
// signatures:
//
// void F(base::OnceCallback<void()> callback);     // 1
// void F(base::OnceCallback<void(int)> callback);  // 2
//
// F(base::NullCallbackAs<void()>());               // calls 1
// F(base::DoNothingAs<void(int)>());               // calls 2
template <typename Signature>
constexpr auto NullCallbackAs() {
  return internal::NullCallbackTag::WithSignature<Signature>();
}

template <typename Signature>
constexpr auto DoNothingAs() {
  return internal::DoNothingCallbackTag::WithSignature<Signature>();
}

// Similar to DoNothing above, but with bound arguments. This helper is useful
// for keeping objects alive until the callback runs.
// Example:
//
// void F(base::OnceCallback<void(int)> result_callback);
//
// std::unique_ptr<MyClass> ptr;
// F(base::DoNothingWithBoundArgs(std::move(ptr)));
template <typename... Args>
constexpr auto DoNothingWithBoundArgs(Args&&... args) {
  return internal::DoNothingCallbackTag::WithBoundArguments(
      std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

// Creates a callback that returns `value` when invoked. This helper is useful
// for implementing factories that return a constant value.
// Example:
//
// void F(base::OnceCallback<Widget()> factory);
//
// Widget widget = ...;
// F(base::ReturnValueOnce(std::move(widget)));
template <typename T>
constexpr OnceCallback<T(void)> ReturnValueOnce(T value) {
  static_assert(!std::is_reference_v<T>);
  return base::BindOnce([](T value) { return value; }, std::move(value));
}

// Useful for creating a Closure that will delete a pointer when invoked. Only
// use this when necessary. In most cases MessageLoop::DeleteSoon() is a better
// fit.
template <typename T>
void DeletePointer(T* obj) {
  delete obj;
}

#if __OBJC__

// Creates an Objective-C block with the same signature as the corresponding
// callback. Can be used to implement a callback based API internally based
// on a block based Objective-C API.
//
// Overloaded to work with both repeating and one shot callbacks. Calling the
// block wrapping a base::OnceCallback<...> multiple times will crash (there
// is no way to mark the block as callable only once). Only use that when you
// know that Objective-C API will only invoke the block once.
template <typename R, typename... Args>
auto CallbackToBlock(base::OnceCallback<R(Args...)> callback) {
  __block base::OnceCallback<R(Args...)> block_callback = std::move(callback);
  return ^(Args... args) {
    return std::move(block_callback).Run(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
  };
}

template <typename R, typename... Args>
auto CallbackToBlock(base::RepeatingCallback<R(Args...)> callback) {
  return ^(Args... args) {
    return callback.Run(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
  };
}

#endif  // __OBJC__

}  // namespace base

#endif  // BASE_FUNCTIONAL_CALLBACK_HELPERS_H_