1ndk=true 2 3ndk.win_download=android-ndk-r6b-windows.zip 4ndk.win_bytes=67670219 5ndk.win_checksum=f496b48fffb6d341303de170a081b812 6 7ndk.mac_download=android-ndk-r6b-darwin-x86.tar.bz2 8ndk.mac_bytes=52798843 9ndk.mac_checksum=65f2589ac1b08aabe3183f9ed1a8ce8e 10 11ndk.linux_download=android-ndk-r6b-linux-x86.tar.bz2 12ndk.linux_bytes=46532436 13ndk.linux_checksum=309f35e49b64313cfb20ac428df4cec2 14 15page.title=Android NDK 16@jd:body 17 18<h2 id="notes">Revisions</h2> 19 20<p>The sections below provide information and notes about successive releases of 21the NDK, as denoted by revision number. </p> 22 23<script type="text/javascript"> 24function toggleDiv(link) { 25 var toggleable = $(link).parent(); 26 if (toggleable.hasClass("closed")) { 27 //$(".toggleme", toggleable).slideDown("fast"); 28 toggleable.removeClass("closed"); 29 toggleable.addClass("open"); 30 $(".toggle-img", toggleable).attr("title", "hide").attr("src", "{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-opened.png"); 31 } else { 32 //$(".toggleme", toggleable).slideUp("fast"); 33 toggleable.removeClass("open"); 34 toggleable.addClass("closed"); 35 $(".toggle-img", toggleable).attr("title", "show").attr("src", "/assets/images/triangle-closed.png"); 36 } 37 return false; 38} 39</script> 40<style> 41.toggleable { 42padding: .25em 1em; 43} 44.toggleme { 45 padding: 1em 1em 0 2em; 46 line-height:1em; 47} 48.toggleable a { 49 text-decoration:none; 50} 51.toggleme a { 52 text-decoration:underline; 53} 54.toggleable.closed .toggleme { 55 display:none;} 56#jd-content .toggle-img { 57 margin:0; 58} 59</style> 60 61<div class="toggleable open"> 62 <a href="#" onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src= 63 "{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-opened.png" class="toggle-img" height="9px" width="9px"> 64 Android NDK, Revision 6b</a> <em>(August 2011)</em> 65 66 <div class="toggleme"> 67 <p>This release of the NDK does not include any new features compared to r6. The r6b release 68 addresses the following issues in the r6 release:</p> 69 <dl> 70 <dt>Important bug fixes</dt> 71 <dd> 72 <ul> 73 <li>Fixed the build when <code>APP_ABI="armeabi x86"</code> is used for 74 multi-architecture builds.</li> 75 <li>Fixed the location of prebuilt STLport binaries in the NDK release package. 76 A bug in the packaging script placed them in the wrong location.</li> 77 <li>Fixed <code>atexit()</code> usage in shared libraries with the x86standalone 78 toolchain.</li> 79 <li>Fixed <code>make-standalone-toolchain.sh --arch=x86</code>. It used to fail 80 to copy the proper GNU libstdc++ binaries to the right location.</li> 81 <li>Fixed the standalone toolchain linker warnings about missing the definition and 82 size for the <code>__dso_handle</code> symbol (ARM only).</li> 83 <li>Fixed the inclusion order of <code>$(SYSROOT)/usr/include</code> for x86 builds. 84 See the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=18540">bug</a> for 85 more information.</li> 86 <li>Fixed the definitions of <code>ptrdiff_t</code> and <code>size_t</code> in 87 x86-specific systems when they are used with the x86 standalone toolchain.</li> 88 </ul> 89 </dd> 90 </dl> 91 </div> 92</div> 93 94<div class="toggleable closed"> 95 <a href="#" onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src= 96 "{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" class="toggle-img" height="9px" width="9px"> 97 Android NDK, Revision 6</a> <em>(July 2011)</em> 98 99 <div class="toggleme"> 100 <p>This release of the NDK includes support for the x86 ABI and other minor changes. 101 For detailed information describing the changes in this release, read the 102 <code>CHANGES.HTML</code> document included in the NDK package. 103 </p> 104 <dl> 105 <dt>General notes:</dt> 106 <dd> 107 <ul> 108 <li>Adds support for the x86 ABI, which allows you to generate machine code 109 that runs on compatible x86-based Android devices. Major features for x86 110 include x86-specific toolchains, system headers, libraries and 111 debugging support. For all of the details regarding x86 support, 112 see <code>docs/CPU-X86.html</code> in the NDK package. 113 114 <p>By default, code is generated for ARM-based devices, but you can add x86 to your 115 <code>APP_ABI</code> definition in your <code>Application.mk</code> file to build 116 for x86 platforms. For example, the following line instructs <code>ndk-build</code> 117 to build your code for three distinct ABIs:</p> 118 119 <pre>APP_ABI := armeabi armeabi-v7a x86</pre> 120 121 <p>Unless you rely on ARM-based assembly sources, you shouldn't need to touch 122 your <code>Android.mk</code> files to build x86 machine code.</p> 123 124 </li> 125 126 <li>You can build a standalone x86 toolchain using the <code>--toolchain=x86-4.4.3</code> 127 option when calling <code>make-standalone-toolchain.sh</code>. See 128 <code>docs/STANDALONE-TOOLCHAIN.html</code> for more details. 129 </li> 130 <li>The new <code>ndk-stack</code> tool lets you translate stack traces in 131 <code>logcat</code> that are generated by native code. The tool translates 132 instruction addresses into a readable format that contains things such 133 as the function, source file, and line number corresponding to each stack frame. 134 For more information and a usage example, see <code>docs/NDK-STACK.html</code>. 135 </li> 136 </ul> 137 </dd> 138 <dt>Other changes:</dt> 139 <dd><code>arm-eabi-4.4.0</code>, which had been deprecated since NDK r5, has been 140 removed from the NDK distribution.</dd> 141 142 </dl> 143 </div> 144 </div> 145 146<div class="toggleable closed"> 147 <a href="#" onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src= 148 "{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" class="toggle-img" height="9px" width="9px"> 149 Android NDK, Revision 5c</a> <em>(June 2011)</em> 150 151 <div class="toggleme"> 152 <p>This release of the NDK does not include any new features compared to r5b. The r5c release 153 addresses the following problems in the r5b release:</p> 154 <dl> 155 <dt>Important bug fixes:</dt> 156 <dd> 157 <ul> 158 <li><code>ndk-build</code>: Fixed a rare bug that appeared when trying to perform parallel 159 builds of debuggable projects.</li> 160 161 <li>Fixed a typo that prevented <code>LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES</code> to work 162 correctly with the new toolchain and added documentation for this in 163 <code>docs/ANDROID-MK.html</code>.</li> 164 165 <li>Fixed a bug where code linked against <code>gnustl_static</code> crashed when run on 166 platform releases older than API level 8 (Android 2.2).</li> 167 168 <li><code>ndk-gdb</code>: Fixed a bug that caused a segmentation fault when debugging Android 3.0 169 or newer devices.</li> 170 171 <li><code><android/input.h></code>: Two functions that were introduced in API level 172 9 (Android 2.3) were incorrect and are fixed. While this breaks the source API, the 173 binary interface to the system is unchanged. The incorrect functions were missing a 174 <code>history_index</code> parameter, and the correct definitions are shown below: 175<pre> 176float AMotionEvent_getHistoricalRawX(const AInputEvent* motion_event, 177 size_t pointer_index, 178 size_t history_index); 179 180float AMotionEvent_getHistoricalRawY(const AInputEvent* motion_event, 181 size_t pointer_index, 182 size_t history_index); 183</pre> 184 </li> 185 186 <li>Updated the C library ARM binary for API level 9 (Android 2.3) to correctly expose at 187 link time new functions that were added in that API level (for example, 188 <code>pthread_rwlock_init</code>).</li> 189 190 </ul> 191 </dd> 192 193 <dt>Minor improvements and fixes:</dt> 194 <dd> 195 <ul> 196 <li>Object files are now always linked in the order they appear in 197 <code>LOCAL_SRC_FILES</code>. This was not the case previously because the files were 198 grouped by source extensions instead.</li> 199 200 <li>When <code>import-module</code> fails, it now prints the list of directories that 201 were searched. This is useful to check that the <code>NDK_MODULE_PATH</code> definition 202 used by the build system is correct.</li> 203 204 <li>When <code>import-module</code> succeeds, it now prints the directory where the 205 module was found to the log (visible with <code>NDK_LOG=1</code>).</li> 206 207 <li>Increased the build speed of debuggable applications when there is a very large number 208 of include directories in the project.</li> 209 210 <li><code>ndk-gdb</code>: Better detection of <code>adb shell</code> failures and improved 211 error messages.</li> 212 213 <li><code><pthread.h></code>: Fixed the definition of 214 <code>PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER</code> for API level 9 (Android 2.3) and higher.</li> 215 216 <li>Fixed an issue where a module could import itself, resulting in an infinite loop in 217 GNU Make.</li> 218 219 <li>Fixed a bug that caused the build to fail if <code>LOCAL_ARM_NEON</code> was set to 220 true (typo in <code>build/core/build-binary.mk</code>).</li> 221 222 <li>Fixed a bug that prevented the compilation of </code>.s</code> assembly files 223 (<code>.S</code> files were okay).</li> 224 </ul> 225 </dd> 226 </div> 227</div> 228 229<div class="toggleable closed"> 230 <a href="#" 231 onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" 232 class="toggle-img" 233 height="9px" 234 width="9px" /> Android NDK, Revision 5b</a> <em>(January 2011)</em> 235 236 <div class="toggleme"> 237 <p>This release of the NDK does not include any new features compared to r5. The r5b release addresses the 238 following problems in the r5 release: 239 </p> 240 <ul> 241 <li>The r5 binaries required glibc 2.11, but the r5b binaries are generated with a special 242 toolchain that targets glibc 2.7 or higher instead. The Linux toolchain binaries now run on Ubuntu 8.04 or higher. </li> 243 <li>Fixes a compiler bug in the arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3 toolchain. 244 The previous binary generated invalid thumb instruction sequences when 245 dealing with signed chars.</li> 246 <li>Adds missing documentation for the 247 "gnustl_static" value for APP_STL, that allows you to link against 248 a static library version of GNU libstdc++. </li> 249 <li>The following <code>ndk-build</code> issues are fixed: 250 <ul> 251 <li>A bug that created inconsistent dependency files when a 252 compilation error occured on Windows. This prevented a proper build after 253 the error was fixed in the source code.</li> 254 <li>A Cygwin-specific bug where using very short paths for 255 the Android NDK installation or the project path led to the 256 generation of invalid dependency files. This made incremental builds 257 impossible.</li> 258 <li>A typo that prevented the cpufeatures library from working correctly 259 with the new NDK toolchain.</li> 260 <li>Builds in Cygwin are faster by avoiding calls to <code>cygpath -m</code> 261 from GNU Make for every source or object file, which caused problems 262 with very large source trees. In case this doesn't work properly, define <code>NDK_USE_CYGPATH=1</code> in your 263 environment to use <code>cygpath -m</code> again.</li> 264 <li>The Cygwin installation now notifies the user of invalid installation paths that contain spaces. Previously, an invalid path 265 would output an error that complained about an incorrect version of GNU Make, even if the right one was installed. 266 </ul> 267 </li> 268 <li>Fixed a typo that prevented the <code>NDK_MODULE_PATH</code> environment variable from working properly when 269 it contained multiple directories separated with a colon. </li> 270 <li>The <code>prebuilt-common.sh</code> script contains fixes to check the compiler for 64-bit 271 generated machine code, instead of relying on the host tag, which 272 allows the 32-bit toolchain to rebuild properly on Snow Leopard. The toolchain rebuild scripts now also support 273 using a 32-bit host toolchain.</li> 274 <li>A missing declaration for <code>INET_ADDRSTRLEN</code> was added to <code><netinet/in.h></code>.</li> 275 <li>Missing declarations for <code>IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL</code> and <code>IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_GLOBAL</code> were added to <code><netinet/in6.h></code>.</li> 276 <li>'asm' was replaced with '__asm__' in <code><asm/byteorder.h></code> to allow compilation with <code>-std=c99</code>.</li> 277 </ul> 278 </div> 279 </div> 280 281<div class="toggleable closed"> 282 <a href="#" 283 onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" 284 class="toggle-img" 285 height="9px" 286 width="9px" /> Android NDK, Revision 5</a> <em>(December 2010)</em> 287 288 <div class="toggleme"> 289 <p>This release of the NDK includes many new APIs, most of which are introduced to 290 support the development of games and similar applications that make extensive use 291 of native code. Using the APIs, developers have direct native access to events, audio, 292 graphics and window management, assets, and storage. Developers can also implement the 293 Android application lifecycle in native code with help from the new 294 {@link android.app.NativeActivity} class. For detailed information describing the changes in this 295 release, read the <code>CHANGES.HTML</code> document included in the downloaded NDK package. 296 </p> 297 <dl> 298 <dt>General notes:</dt> 299 <dd> 300 <ul> 301 <li>Adds support for native activities, which allows you to implement the 302 Android application lifecycle in native code.</li> 303 304 <li>Adds native support for the following: 305 306 <ul> 307 308 <li>Input subsystem (such as the keyboard and touch screen)</li> 309 310 <li>Access to sensor data (accelerometer, compass, gyroscope, etc).</li> 311 312 <li>Event loop APIs to wait for things such as input and sensor events.</li> 313 314 <li>Window and surface subsystem</li> 315 316 <li>Audio APIs based on the OpenSL ES standard that support playback and recording 317 as well as control over platform audio effects</li> 318 319 <li>Access to assets packaged in an <code>.apk</code> file.</li> 320 321 </ul> 322 </li> 323 324 <li>Includes a new toolchain (based on GCC 4.4.3), which generates better code, and can also now 325 be used as a standalone cross-compiler, for people who want to build their stuff with 326 <code>./configure && make</code>. See 327 docs/STANDALONE-TOOLCHAIN.html for the details. The binaries for GCC 4.4.0 are still provided, 328 but the 4.2.1 binaries were removed.</li> 329 330 <li>Adds support for prebuilt static and shared libraries (docs/PREBUILTS.html) and module 331 exports and imports to make sharing and reuse of third-party modules much easier 332 (docs/IMPORT-MODULE.html explains why).</li> 333 334 <li>Provides a default C++ STL implementation (based on STLport) as a helper module. It can be used either 335 as a static or shared library (details and usage examples are in sources/android/stlport/README). Prebuilt 336 binaries for STLport (static or shared) and GNU libstdc++ (static only) are also provided if you choose to 337 compile against those libraries instead of the default C++ STL implementation. 338 C++ Exceptions and RTTI are not supported in the default STL implementation. For more information, see 339 docs/CPLUSPLUS-SUPPORT.HTML.</li> 340 341 <li>Includes improvements to the <code>cpufeatures</code> helper library that improves reporting 342 of the CPU type (some devices previously reported ARMv7 CPU when the device really was an ARMv6). We 343 recommend developers that use this library to rebuild their applications then 344 upload to Market to benefit from the improvements.</li> 345 346 <li>Adds an EGL library that lets you create and manage OpenGL ES textures and 347 services.</li> 348 349 <li>Adds new sample applications, <code>native-plasma</code> and <code>native-activity</code>, 350 to demonstrate how to write a native activity.</li> 351 352 <li>Includes many bugfixes and other small improvements; see docs/CHANGES.html for a more 353 detailed list of changes.</li> 354 </ul> 355 </dd> 356 </dl> 357 </div> 358 </div> 359 360 <div class="toggleable closed"> 361 <a href="#" 362 onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" 363 class="toggle-img" 364 height="9px" 365 width="9px" /> Android NDK, Revision 4b</a> <em>(June 2010)</em> 366 367 <div class="toggleme"> 368 <dl> 369 <dt>NDK r4b notes:</dt> 370 371 <dd> 372 <p>Includes fixes for several issues in the NDK build and debugging scripts — if 373 you are using NDK r4, we recommend downloading the NDK r4b build. For detailed 374 information describing the changes in this release, read the CHANGES.TXT document 375 included in the downloaded NDK package.</p> 376 </dd> 377 </dl> 378 379 <dl> 380 <dt>General notes:</dt> 381 382 <dd> 383 <ul> 384 <li>Provides a simplified build system through the new <code>ndk-build</code> build 385 command.</li> 386 387 <li>Adds support for easy native debugging of generated machine code on production 388 devices through the new <code>ndk-gdb</code> command.</li> 389 390 <li>Adds a new Android-specific ABI for ARM-based CPU architectures, 391 <code>armeabi-v7a</code>. The new ABI extends the existing <code>armeabi</code> ABI to 392 include these CPU instruction set extensions: 393 394 <ul> 395 <li>Thumb-2 instructions</li> 396 397 <li>VFP hardware FPU instructions (VFPv3-D16)</li> 398 399 <li>Optional support for ARM Advanced SIMD (NEON) GCC intrinsics and VFPv3-D32. 400 Supported by devices such as Verizon Droid by Motorola, Google Nexus One, and 401 others.</li> 402 </ul> 403 </li> 404 405 <li>Adds a new <code>cpufeatures</code> static library (with sources) that lets your 406 app detect the host device's CPU features at runtime. Specifically, applications can 407 check for ARMv7-A support, as well as VFPv3-D32 and NEON support, then provide separate 408 code paths as needed.</li> 409 410 <li>Adds a sample application, <code>hello-neon</code>, that illustrates how to use the 411 <code>cpufeatures</code> library to check CPU features and then provide an optimized 412 code path using NEON instrinsics, if supported by the CPU.</li> 413 414 <li>Lets you generate machine code for either or both of the instruction sets supported 415 by the NDK. For example, you can build for both ARMv5 and ARMv7-A architectures at the 416 same time and have everything stored to your application's final 417 <code>.apk</code>.</li> 418 419 <li>To ensure that your applications are available to users only if their devices are 420 capable of running them, Android Market now filters applications based on the 421 instruction set information included in your application — no action is needed on 422 your part to enable the filtering. Additionally, the Android system itself also checks 423 your application at install time and allows the installation to continue only if the 424 application provides a library that is compiled for the device's CPU architecture.</li> 425 426 <li>Adds support for Android 2.2, including a new stable API for accessing the pixel 427 buffers of {@link android.graphics.Bitmap} objects from native code.</li> 428 </ul> 429 </dd> 430 </dl> 431 </div> 432 </div> 433 434 <div class="toggleable closed"> 435 <a href="#" 436 onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" 437 class="toggle-img" 438 height="9px" 439 width="9px" /> Android NDK, Revision 3</a> <em>(March 2010)</em> 440 441 <div class="toggleme"> 442 <dl> 443 <dt>General notes:</dt> 444 445 <dd> 446 <ul> 447 <li>Adds OpenGL ES 2.0 native library support.</li> 448 449 <li>Adds a sample application,<code>hello-gl2</code>, that illustrates the use of 450 OpenGL ES 2.0 vertex and fragment shaders.</li> 451 452 <li>The toolchain binaries have been refreshed for this release with GCC 4.4.0, which 453 should generate slightly more compact and efficient machine code than the previous one 454 (4.2.1). The NDK also still provides the 4.2.1 binaries, which you can optionally use 455 to build your machine code.</li> 456 </ul> 457 </dd> 458 </dl> 459 </div> 460 </div> 461 462 <div class="toggleable closed"> 463 <a href="#" 464 onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" 465 class="toggle-img" 466 height="9px" 467 width="9px" /> Android NDK, Revision 2</a> <em>(September 2009)</em> 468 469 <div class="toggleme"> 470 <p>Originally released as "Android 1.6 NDK, Release 1".</p> 471 472 <dl> 473 <dt>General notes:</dt> 474 475 <dd> 476 <ul> 477 <li>Adds OpenGL ES 1.1 native library support.</li> 478 479 <li>Adds a sample application, <code>san-angeles</code>, that renders 3D graphics 480 through the native OpenGL ES APIs, while managing activity lifecycle with a {@link 481 android.opengl.GLSurfaceView} object.</li> 482 </ul> 483 </dd> 484 </dl> 485 </div> 486 </div> 487 488 <div class="toggleable closed"> 489 <a href="#" 490 onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"><img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" 491 class="toggle-img" 492 height="9px" 493 width="9px" /> Android NDK, Revision 1</a> <em>(June 2009)</em> 494 495 <div class="toggleme"> 496 <p>Originally released as "Android 1.5 NDK, Release 1".</p> 497 498 <dl> 499 <dt>General notes:</dt> 500 501 <dd> 502 <ul> 503 <li>Includes compiler support (GCC) for ARMv5TE instructions, including Thumb-1 504 instructions.</li> 505 506 <li>Includes system headers for stable native APIs, documentation, and sample 507 applications.</li> 508 </ul> 509 </dd> 510 </dl> 511 </div> 512 </div> 513 514 <h2 id="installing">Installing the NDK</h2> 515 <p>Installing the NDK on your development computer is straightforward and involves extracting the 516 NDK from its download package.</p> 517 518 <p>Before you get started make sure that you have downloaded the latest <a href= 519 "{@docRoot}sdk/index.html">Android SDK</a> and upgraded your applications and environment as 520 needed. The NDK is compatible with older platform versions but not older versions of the SDK tools. 521 Also, take a moment to review the <a href="{@docRoot}sdk/ndk/overview.html#reqs">System and 522Software Requirements</a> 523 for the NDK, if you haven't already.</p> 524 525 <p>To install the NDK, follow these steps:</p> 526 527 <ol> 528 <li>From the table at the top of this page, select the NDK package that is appropriate for your 529 development computer and download the package.</li> 530 531 <li>Uncompress the NDK download package using tools available on your computer. When 532 uncompressed, the NDK files are contained in a directory called 533 <code>android-ndk-<version></code>. You can rename the NDK directory if necessary and you 534 can move it to any location on your computer. This documentation refers to the NDK directory as 535 <code><ndk></code>.</li> 536 </ol> 537 538 <p>You are now ready to start working with the NDK.</p> 539 540 <h2 id="gettingstarted">Getting Started with the NDK</h2> 541 542 <p>Once you've installed the NDK successfully, take a few minutes to read the documentation 543 included in the NDK. You can find the documentation in the <code><ndk>/docs/</code> 544 directory. In particular, please read the OVERVIEW.HTML document completely, so that you 545 understand the intent of the NDK and how to use it.</p> 546 547 <p>If you used a previous version of the NDK, take a moment to review the list of NDK changes in 548 the CHANGES.HTML document.</p> 549 550 <p>Here's the general outline of how you work with the NDK tools:</p> 551 552 <ol> 553 <li>Place your native sources under <code><project>/jni/...</code></li> 554 555 <li>Create <code><project>/jni/Android.mk</code> to describe your native sources to the 556 NDK build system</li> 557 558 <li>Optional: Create <code><project>/jni/Application.mk</code>.</li> 559 560 <li>Build your native code by running the 'ndk-build' script from your project's directory. It 561 is located in the top-level NDK directory: 562 <pre class="no-pretty-print">cd <project> 563<ndk>/ndk-build 564</pre> 565 566 <p>The build tools copy the stripped, shared libraries needed by your application to the 567 proper location in the application's project directory.</p> 568 </li> 569 570 <li>Finally, compile your application using the SDK tools in the usual way. The SDK build tools 571 will package the shared libraries in the application's deployable <code>.apk</code> file.</li> 572 </ol> 573 574 <p>For complete information on all of the steps listed above, please see the documentation 575 included with the NDK package.</p> 576 577 <h2 id="samples">Sample Applications</h2> 578 579 <p>The NDK includes sample Android applications that illustrate how to use native code in your 580 Android applications. For more information, see <a href= 581 "{@docRoot}sdk/ndk/overview.html#samples">Sample Applications</a>.</p> 582 583 <h2 id="forum">Discussion Forum and Mailing List</h2> 584 585 <p>If you have questions about the NDK or would like to read or contribute to discussions about 586 it, please visit the <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/android-ndk">android-ndk</a> group 587 and mailing list.</p> 588
