• Home
  • Line#
  • Scopes#
  • Navigate#
  • Raw
  • Download
1 /*
2  * badblocks.c		- Bad blocks checker
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994  Remy Card <card@masi.ibp.fr>
5  *                                 Laboratoire MASI, Institut Blaise Pascal
6  *                                 Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
7  *
8  * Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 by Theodore Ts'o
9  * Copyright 1999 by David Beattie
10  *
11  * This file is based on the minix file system programs fsck and mkfs
12  * written and copyrighted by Linus Torvalds <Linus.Torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
13  *
14  * %Begin-Header%
15  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
16  * License.
17  * %End-Header%
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * History:
22  * 93/05/26	- Creation from e2fsck
23  * 94/02/27	- Made a separate bad blocks checker
24  * 99/06/30...99/07/26 - Added non-destructive write-testing,
25  *                       configurable blocks-at-once parameter,
26  * 			 loading of badblocks list to avoid testing
27  * 			 blocks known to be bad, multiple passes to
28  * 			 make sure that no new blocks are added to the
29  * 			 list.  (Work done by David Beattie)
30  */
31 
32 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for O_DIRECT */
33 
34 #ifndef O_LARGEFILE
35 #define O_LARGEFILE 0
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
41 #include <getopt.h>
42 #else
43 extern char *optarg;
44 extern int optind;
45 #endif
46 #include <signal.h>
47 #include <stdio.h>
48 #include <stdlib.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <unistd.h>
51 #include <setjmp.h>
52 #include <time.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 
55 #include <sys/time.h>
56 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
57 #include <sys/types.h>
58 
59 #include "et/com_err.h"
60 #include "ext2fs/ext2_io.h"
61 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
62 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
63 #include "nls-enable.h"
64 
65 const char * program_name = "badblocks";
66 const char * done_string = N_("done                                \n");
67 
68 static int v_flag = 0;			/* verbose */
69 static int w_flag = 0;			/* do r/w test: 0=no, 1=yes,
70 					 * 2=non-destructive */
71 static int s_flag = 0;			/* show progress of test */
72 static int force = 0;			/* force check of mounted device */
73 static int t_flag = 0;			/* number of test patterns */
74 static int t_max = 0;			/* allocated test patterns */
75 static unsigned int *t_patts = NULL;	/* test patterns */
76 static int current_O_DIRECT = 0;	/* Current status of O_DIRECT flag */
77 static int exclusive_ok = 0;
78 static unsigned int max_bb = 0;		/* Abort test if more than this number of bad blocks has been encountered */
79 static unsigned int d_flag = 0;		/* delay factor between reads */
80 static struct timeval time_start;
81 
82 #define T_INC 32
83 
84 unsigned int sys_page_size = 4096;
85 
usage(void)86 static void usage(void)
87 {
88 	fprintf(stderr, _(
89 "Usage: %s [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnf]\n"
90 "       [-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]\n"
91 "       [-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]\n"
92 "       device [last_block [first_block]]\n"),
93 		 program_name);
94 	exit (1);
95 }
96 
exclusive_usage(void)97 static void exclusive_usage(void)
98 {
99 	fprintf(stderr,
100 		_("%s: The -n and -w options are mutually exclusive.\n\n"),
101 		program_name);
102 	exit(1);
103 }
104 
105 static blk_t currently_testing = 0;
106 static blk_t num_blocks = 0;
107 static ext2_badblocks_list bb_list = NULL;
108 static FILE *out;
109 static blk_t next_bad = 0;
110 static ext2_badblocks_iterate bb_iter = NULL;
111 
allocate_buffer(size_t size)112 static void *allocate_buffer(size_t size)
113 {
114 	void	*ret = 0;
115 
116 #ifdef HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN
117 	if (posix_memalign(&ret, sys_page_size, size) < 0)
118 		ret = 0;
119 #else
120 #ifdef HAVE_MEMALIGN
121 	ret = memalign(sys_page_size, size);
122 #else
123 #ifdef HAVE_VALLOC
124 	ret = valloc(size);
125 #endif /* HAVE_VALLOC */
126 #endif /* HAVE_MEMALIGN */
127 #endif /* HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN */
128 
129 	if (!ret)
130 		ret = malloc(size);
131 
132 	return ret;
133 }
134 
135 /*
136  * This routine reports a new bad block.  If the bad block has already
137  * been seen before, then it returns 0; otherwise it returns 1.
138  */
bb_output(blk_t bad)139 static int bb_output (blk_t bad)
140 {
141 	errcode_t errcode;
142 
143 	if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, bad))
144 		return 0;
145 
146 	fprintf(out, "%lu\n", (unsigned long) bad);
147 	fflush(out);
148 
149 	errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add (bb_list, bad);
150 	if (errcode) {
151 		com_err (program_name, errcode, "adding to in-memory bad block list");
152 		exit (1);
153 	}
154 
155 	/* kludge:
156 	   increment the iteration through the bb_list if
157 	   an element was just added before the current iteration
158 	   position.  This should not cause next_bad to change. */
159 	if (bb_iter && bad < next_bad)
160 		ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
161 	return 1;
162 }
163 
time_diff_format(struct timeval * tv1,struct timeval * tv2,char * buf)164 static char *time_diff_format(struct timeval *tv1,
165 			      struct timeval *tv2, char *buf)
166 {
167         time_t	diff = (tv1->tv_sec - tv2->tv_sec);
168 	int	hr,min,sec;
169 
170 	sec = diff % 60;
171 	diff /= 60;
172 	min = diff % 60;
173 	hr = diff / 60;
174 
175 	if (hr)
176 		sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d:%02d", hr, min, sec);
177 	else
178 		sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d", min, sec);
179 	return buf;
180 }
181 
calc_percent(unsigned long current,unsigned long total)182 static float calc_percent(unsigned long current, unsigned long total) {
183 	float percent = 0.0;
184 	if (total <= 0)
185 		return percent;
186 	if (current >= total) {
187 		percent = 100.0;
188 	} else {
189 		percent=(100.0*(float)current/(float)total);
190 	}
191 	return percent;
192 }
193 
print_status(void)194 static void print_status(void)
195 {
196 	struct timeval time_end;
197 	char diff_buf[32], line_buf[128];
198 	int len;
199 
200 	gettimeofday(&time_end, 0);
201 	len = snprintf(line_buf, sizeof(line_buf),
202 		       _("%6.2f%% done, %s elapsed"),
203 		       calc_percent((unsigned long) currently_testing,
204 				    (unsigned long) num_blocks),
205 		       time_diff_format(&time_end, &time_start, diff_buf));
206 #ifdef HAVE_MBSTOWCS
207 	len = mbstowcs(NULL, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
208 #endif
209 	fputs(line_buf, stderr);
210 	memset(line_buf, '\b', len);
211 	line_buf[len] = 0;
212 	fputs(line_buf, stderr);
213 	fflush (stderr);
214 }
215 
alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR ((unused)))216 static void alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
217 {
218 	signal (SIGALRM, alarm_intr);
219 	alarm(1);
220 	if (!num_blocks)
221 		return;
222 	print_status();
223 }
224 
225 static void *terminate_addr = NULL;
226 
terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR ((unused)))227 static void terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
228 {
229 	fflush(out);
230 	fprintf(stderr, "\n\nInterrupted at block %llu\n",
231 		(unsigned long long) currently_testing);
232 	fflush(stderr);
233 	if (terminate_addr)
234 		longjmp(terminate_addr,1);
235 	exit(1);
236 }
237 
capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)238 static void capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)
239 {
240 	terminate_addr = term_addr;
241 	signal (SIGHUP, terminate_intr);
242 	signal (SIGINT, terminate_intr);
243 	signal (SIGPIPE, terminate_intr);
244 	signal (SIGTERM, terminate_intr);
245 	signal (SIGUSR1, terminate_intr);
246 	signal (SIGUSR2, terminate_intr);
247 }
248 
uncapture_terminate(void)249 static void uncapture_terminate(void)
250 {
251 	terminate_addr = NULL;
252 	signal (SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
253 	signal (SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
254 	signal (SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
255 	signal (SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
256 	signal (SIGUSR1, SIG_DFL);
257 	signal (SIGUSR2, SIG_DFL);
258 }
259 
set_o_direct(int dev,unsigned char * buffer,size_t size,blk_t current_block)260 static void set_o_direct(int dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size,
261 			 blk_t current_block)
262 {
263 #ifdef O_DIRECT
264 	int new_flag = O_DIRECT;
265 	int flag;
266 
267 	if ((((unsigned long) buffer & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
268 	    ((size & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
269 	    ((current_block & ((sys_page_size >> 9)-1)) != 0))
270 		new_flag = 0;
271 
272 	if (new_flag != current_O_DIRECT) {
273 	     /* printf("%s O_DIRECT\n", new_flag ? "Setting" : "Clearing"); */
274 		flag = fcntl(dev, F_GETFL);
275 		if (flag > 0) {
276 			flag = (flag & ~O_DIRECT) | new_flag;
277 			fcntl(dev, F_SETFL, flag);
278 		}
279 		current_O_DIRECT = new_flag;
280 	}
281 #endif
282 }
283 
284 
pattern_fill(unsigned char * buffer,unsigned int pattern,size_t n)285 static void pattern_fill(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int pattern,
286 			 size_t n)
287 {
288 	unsigned int	i, nb;
289 	unsigned char	bpattern[sizeof(pattern)], *ptr;
290 
291 	if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0) {
292 		for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
293 			(*ptr) = random() % (1 << (8 * sizeof(char)));
294 		}
295 		if (s_flag | v_flag)
296 			fputs(_("Testing with random pattern: "), stderr);
297 	} else {
298 		bpattern[0] = 0;
299 		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bpattern); i++) {
300 			if (pattern == 0)
301 				break;
302 			bpattern[i] = pattern & 0xFF;
303 			pattern = pattern >> 8;
304 		}
305 		nb = i ? (i-1) : 0;
306 		for (ptr = buffer, i = nb; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
307 			*ptr = bpattern[i];
308 			if (i == 0)
309 				i = nb;
310 			else
311 				i--;
312 		}
313 		if (s_flag | v_flag) {
314 			fputs(_("Testing with pattern 0x"), stderr);
315 			for (i = 0; i <= nb; i++)
316 				fprintf(stderr, "%02x", buffer[i]);
317 			fputs(": ", stderr);
318 		}
319 	}
320 }
321 
322 /*
323  * Perform a read of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
324  *    successfully sequentially read.
325  */
do_read(int dev,unsigned char * buffer,int try,int block_size,blk_t current_block)326 static int do_read (int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
327 		    blk_t current_block)
328 {
329 	long got;
330 	struct timeval tv1, tv2;
331 #define NANOSEC (1000000000L)
332 #define MILISEC (1000L)
333 
334 	set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size, current_block);
335 
336 	if (v_flag > 1)
337 		print_status();
338 
339 	/* Seek to the correct loc. */
340 	if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
341 			 SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
342 		com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
343 
344 	/* Try the read */
345 	if (d_flag)
346 		gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
347 	got = read (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
348 	if (d_flag)
349 		gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
350 	if (got < 0)
351 		got = 0;
352 	if (got & 511)
353 		fprintf(stderr, _("Weird value (%ld) in do_read\n"), got);
354 	got /= block_size;
355 	if (d_flag && got == try) {
356 #ifdef HAVE_NANOSLEEP
357 		struct timespec ts;
358 		ts.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
359 		ts.tv_nsec = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) * MILISEC;
360 		if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
361 			ts.tv_nsec += NANOSEC;
362 			ts.tv_sec -= 1;
363 		}
364 		/* increase/decrease the sleep time based on d_flag value */
365 		ts.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
366 		ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec * d_flag / 100;
367 		if (ts.tv_nsec > NANOSEC) {
368 			ts.tv_sec += ts.tv_nsec / NANOSEC;
369 			ts.tv_nsec %= NANOSEC;
370 		}
371 		if (ts.tv_sec || ts.tv_nsec)
372 			nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
373 #else
374 #ifdef HAVE_USLEEP
375 		struct timeval tv;
376 		tv.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
377 		tv.tv_usec = tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec;
378 		tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
379 		tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec * d_flag / 100;
380 		if (tv.tv_usec > 1000000) {
381 			tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000;
382 			tv.tv_usec %= 1000000;
383 		}
384 		if (tv.tv_sec)
385 			sleep(tv.tv_sec);
386 		if (tv.tv_usec)
387 			usleep(tv.tv_usec);
388 #endif
389 #endif
390 	}
391 	return got;
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * Perform a write of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
396  *    successfully sequentially written.
397  */
do_write(int dev,unsigned char * buffer,int try,int block_size,unsigned long current_block)398 static int do_write(int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
399 		    unsigned long current_block)
400 {
401 	long got;
402 
403 	set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size, current_block);
404 
405 	if (v_flag > 1)
406 		print_status();
407 
408 	/* Seek to the correct loc. */
409 	if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
410 			 SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
411 		com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
412 
413 	/* Try the write */
414 	got = write (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
415 	if (got < 0)
416 		got = 0;
417 	if (got & 511)
418 		fprintf(stderr, "Weird value (%ld) in do_write\n", got);
419 	got /= block_size;
420 	return got;
421 }
422 
423 static int host_dev;
424 
flush_bufs(void)425 static void flush_bufs(void)
426 {
427 	errcode_t	retval;
428 
429 	retval = ext2fs_sync_device(host_dev, 1);
430 	if (retval)
431 		com_err(program_name, retval, _("during ext2fs_sync_device"));
432 }
433 
test_ro(int dev,blk_t last_block,int block_size,blk_t first_block,unsigned int blocks_at_once)434 static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, blk_t last_block,
435 			     int block_size, blk_t first_block,
436 			     unsigned int blocks_at_once)
437 {
438 	unsigned char * blkbuf;
439 	int try;
440 	int got;
441 	unsigned int bb_count = 0;
442 	errcode_t errcode;
443 
444 	/* set up abend handler */
445 	capture_terminate(NULL);
446 
447 	errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
448 	if (errcode) {
449 		com_err (program_name, errcode,
450 			 _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
451 		exit (1);
452 	}
453 	do {
454 		ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
455 	} while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
456 
457 	if (t_flag) {
458 		blkbuf = allocate_buffer((blocks_at_once + 1) * block_size);
459 	} else {
460 		blkbuf = allocate_buffer(blocks_at_once * block_size);
461 	}
462 	if (!blkbuf)
463 	{
464 		com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
465 		exit (1);
466 	}
467 	if (v_flag) {
468 		fprintf (stderr, _("Checking blocks %lu to %lu\n"),
469 			 (unsigned long) first_block,
470 			 (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
471 	}
472 	if (t_flag) {
473 		fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-only mode\n"), stderr);
474 		pattern_fill(blkbuf + blocks_at_once * block_size,
475 			     t_patts[0], block_size);
476 	}
477 	flush_bufs();
478 	try = blocks_at_once;
479 	currently_testing = first_block;
480 	num_blocks = last_block - 1;
481 	if (!t_flag && (s_flag || v_flag)) {
482 		fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): "), stderr);
483 		if (v_flag <= 1)
484 			alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
485 	}
486 	while (currently_testing < last_block)
487 	{
488 		if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
489 			if (s_flag || v_flag) {
490 				fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
491 			}
492 			break;
493 		}
494 		if (next_bad) {
495 			if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
496 				/* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
497 				ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
498 				currently_testing++;
499 				continue;
500 			}
501 			else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
502 				try = next_bad - currently_testing;
503 		}
504 		if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
505 			try = last_block - currently_testing;
506 		got = do_read (dev, blkbuf, try, block_size, currently_testing);
507 		if (t_flag) {
508 			/* test the comparison between all the
509 			   blocks successfully read  */
510 			int i;
511 			for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
512 				if (memcmp (blkbuf+i*block_size,
513 					    blkbuf+blocks_at_once*block_size,
514 					    block_size))
515 					bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
516 		}
517 		currently_testing += got;
518 		if (got == try) {
519 			try = blocks_at_once;
520 			/* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
521 			if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
522 			     && (currently_testing % (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
523 				try -= (sys_page_size >> 9)
524 					- (currently_testing
525 					   % (sys_page_size >> 9));
526 			continue;
527 		}
528 		else
529 			try = 1;
530 		if (got == 0) {
531 			bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
532 		}
533 	}
534 	num_blocks = 0;
535 	alarm(0);
536 	if (s_flag || v_flag)
537 		fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
538 
539 	fflush (stderr);
540 	free (blkbuf);
541 
542 	ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
543 
544 	uncapture_terminate();
545 
546 	return bb_count;
547 }
548 
test_rw(int dev,blk_t last_block,int block_size,blk_t first_block,unsigned int blocks_at_once)549 static unsigned int test_rw (int dev, blk_t last_block,
550 			     int block_size, blk_t first_block,
551 			     unsigned int blocks_at_once)
552 {
553 	unsigned char *buffer, *read_buffer;
554 	const unsigned int patterns[] = {0xaa, 0x55, 0xff, 0x00};
555 	const unsigned int *pattern;
556 	int i, try, got, nr_pattern, pat_idx;
557 	unsigned int bb_count = 0;
558 
559 	/* set up abend handler */
560 	capture_terminate(NULL);
561 
562 	buffer = allocate_buffer(2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
563 	read_buffer = buffer + blocks_at_once * block_size;
564 
565 	if (!buffer) {
566 		com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
567 		exit (1);
568 	}
569 
570 	flush_bufs();
571 
572 	if (v_flag) {
573 		fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-write mode\n"),
574 		      stderr);
575 		fprintf(stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
576 			(unsigned long) first_block,
577 			(unsigned long) last_block - 1);
578 	}
579 	if (t_flag) {
580 		pattern = t_patts;
581 		nr_pattern = t_flag;
582 	} else {
583 		pattern = patterns;
584 		nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
585 	}
586 	for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
587 		pattern_fill(buffer, pattern[pat_idx],
588 			     blocks_at_once * block_size);
589 		num_blocks = last_block - 1;
590 		currently_testing = first_block;
591 		if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
592 			alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
593 
594 		try = blocks_at_once;
595 		while (currently_testing < last_block) {
596 			if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
597 				if (s_flag || v_flag) {
598 					fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
599 				}
600 				break;
601 			}
602 			if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
603 				try = last_block - currently_testing;
604 			got = do_write(dev, buffer, try, block_size,
605 					currently_testing);
606 			if (v_flag > 1)
607 				print_status();
608 
609 			currently_testing += got;
610 			if (got == try) {
611 				try = blocks_at_once;
612 				/* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
613 				if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
614 				     && (currently_testing %
615 					 (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
616 					try -= (sys_page_size >> 9)
617 						- (currently_testing
618 						   % (sys_page_size >> 9));
619 				continue;
620 			} else
621 				try = 1;
622 			if (got == 0) {
623 				bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
624 			}
625 		}
626 
627 		num_blocks = 0;
628 		alarm (0);
629 		if (s_flag | v_flag)
630 			fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
631 		flush_bufs();
632 		if (s_flag | v_flag)
633 			fputs(_("Reading and comparing: "), stderr);
634 		num_blocks = last_block;
635 		currently_testing = first_block;
636 		if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
637 			alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
638 
639 		try = blocks_at_once;
640 		while (currently_testing < last_block) {
641 			if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
642 				if (s_flag || v_flag) {
643 					fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
644 				}
645 				break;
646 			}
647 			if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
648 				try = last_block - currently_testing;
649 			got = do_read (dev, read_buffer, try, block_size,
650 				       currently_testing);
651 			if (got == 0) {
652 				bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
653 				continue;
654 			}
655 			for (i=0; i < got; i++) {
656 				if (memcmp(read_buffer + i * block_size,
657 					   buffer + i * block_size,
658 					   block_size))
659 					bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing+i);
660 			}
661 			currently_testing += got;
662 			/* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
663 			if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
664 			     && (currently_testing % (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
665 				try = blocks_at_once - (sys_page_size >> 9)
666 					- (currently_testing
667 					   % (sys_page_size >> 9));
668 			else
669 				try = blocks_at_once;
670 			if (v_flag > 1)
671 				print_status();
672 		}
673 
674 		num_blocks = 0;
675 		alarm (0);
676 		if (s_flag | v_flag)
677 			fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
678 		flush_bufs();
679 	}
680 	uncapture_terminate();
681 	free(buffer);
682 	return bb_count;
683 }
684 
685 struct saved_blk_record {
686 	blk_t	block;
687 	int	num;
688 };
689 
test_nd(int dev,blk_t last_block,int block_size,blk_t first_block,unsigned int blocks_at_once)690 static unsigned int test_nd (int dev, blk_t last_block,
691 			     int block_size, blk_t first_block,
692 			     unsigned int blocks_at_once)
693 {
694 	unsigned char *blkbuf, *save_ptr, *test_ptr, *read_ptr;
695 	unsigned char *test_base, *save_base, *read_base;
696 	int try, i;
697 	const unsigned int patterns[] = { ~0 };
698 	const unsigned int *pattern;
699 	int nr_pattern, pat_idx;
700 	int got, used2, written;
701 	blk_t save_currently_testing;
702 	struct saved_blk_record *test_record;
703 	/* This is static to prevent being clobbered by the longjmp */
704 	static int num_saved;
705 	jmp_buf terminate_env;
706 	errcode_t errcode;
707 	unsigned long buf_used;
708 	static unsigned int bb_count;
709 
710 	bb_count = 0;
711 	errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
712 	if (errcode) {
713 		com_err (program_name, errcode,
714 			 _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
715 		exit (1);
716 	}
717 	do {
718 		ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
719 	} while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
720 
721 	blkbuf = allocate_buffer(3 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
722 	test_record = malloc (blocks_at_once*sizeof(struct saved_blk_record));
723 	if (!blkbuf || !test_record) {
724 		com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
725 		exit (1);
726 	}
727 
728 	save_base = blkbuf;
729 	test_base = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
730 	read_base = blkbuf + (2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
731 
732 	num_saved = 0;
733 
734 	flush_bufs();
735 	if (v_flag) {
736 	    fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in non-destructive read-write mode\n"), stderr);
737 	    fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
738 		     (unsigned long) first_block,
739 		     (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
740 	}
741 	if (s_flag || v_flag > 1) {
742 		fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (non-destructive read-write test)\n"), stderr);
743 	}
744 	if (setjmp(terminate_env)) {
745 		/*
746 		 * Abnormal termination by a signal is handled here.
747 		 */
748 		signal (SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
749 		fputs(_("\nInterrupt caught, cleaning up\n"), stderr);
750 
751 		save_ptr = save_base;
752 		for (i=0; i < num_saved; i++) {
753 			do_write(dev, save_ptr, test_record[i].num,
754 				 block_size, test_record[i].block);
755 			save_ptr += test_record[i].num * block_size;
756 		}
757 		fflush (out);
758 		exit(1);
759 	}
760 
761 	/* set up abend handler */
762 	capture_terminate(terminate_env);
763 
764 	if (t_flag) {
765 		pattern = t_patts;
766 		nr_pattern = t_flag;
767 	} else {
768 		pattern = patterns;
769 		nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
770 	}
771 	for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
772 		pattern_fill(test_base, pattern[pat_idx],
773 			     blocks_at_once * block_size);
774 
775 		buf_used = 0;
776 		bb_count = 0;
777 		save_ptr = save_base;
778 		test_ptr = test_base;
779 		currently_testing = first_block;
780 		num_blocks = last_block - 1;
781 		if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
782 			alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
783 
784 		while (currently_testing < last_block) {
785 			if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
786 				if (s_flag || v_flag) {
787 					fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
788 				}
789 				break;
790 			}
791 			got = try = blocks_at_once - buf_used;
792 			if (next_bad) {
793 				if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
794 					/* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
795 					ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
796 					currently_testing++;
797 					goto check_for_more;
798 				}
799 				else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
800 					try = next_bad - currently_testing;
801 			}
802 			if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
803 				try = last_block - currently_testing;
804 			got = do_read (dev, save_ptr, try, block_size,
805 				       currently_testing);
806 			if (got == 0) {
807 				/* First block must have been bad. */
808 				bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
809 				goto check_for_more;
810 			}
811 
812 			/*
813 			 * Note the fact that we've saved this much data
814 			 * *before* we overwrite it with test data
815 			 */
816 			test_record[num_saved].block = currently_testing;
817 			test_record[num_saved].num = got;
818 			num_saved++;
819 
820 			/* Write the test data */
821 			written = do_write (dev, test_ptr, got, block_size,
822 					    currently_testing);
823 			if (written != got)
824 				com_err (program_name, errno,
825 					 _("during test data write, block %lu"),
826 					 (unsigned long) currently_testing +
827 					 written);
828 
829 			buf_used += got;
830 			save_ptr += got * block_size;
831 			test_ptr += got * block_size;
832 			currently_testing += got;
833 			if (got != try)
834 				bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
835 
836 		check_for_more:
837 			/*
838 			 * If there's room for more blocks to be tested this
839 			 * around, and we're not done yet testing the disk, go
840 			 * back and get some more blocks.
841 			 */
842 			if ((buf_used != blocks_at_once) &&
843 			    (currently_testing < last_block))
844 				continue;
845 
846 			flush_bufs();
847 			save_currently_testing = currently_testing;
848 
849 			/*
850 			 * for each contiguous block that we read into the
851 			 * buffer (and wrote test data into afterwards), read
852 			 * it back (looping if necessary, to get past newly
853 			 * discovered unreadable blocks, of which there should
854 			 * be none, but with a hard drive which is unreliable,
855 			 * it has happened), and compare with the test data
856 			 * that was written; output to the bad block list if
857 			 * it doesn't match.
858 			 */
859 			used2 = 0;
860 			save_ptr = save_base;
861 			test_ptr = test_base;
862 			read_ptr = read_base;
863 			try = 0;
864 
865 			while (1) {
866 				if (try == 0) {
867 					if (used2 >= num_saved)
868 						break;
869 					currently_testing = test_record[used2].block;
870 					try = test_record[used2].num;
871 					used2++;
872 				}
873 
874 				got = do_read (dev, read_ptr, try,
875 					       block_size, currently_testing);
876 
877 				/* test the comparison between all the
878 				   blocks successfully read  */
879 				for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
880 					if (memcmp (test_ptr+i*block_size,
881 						    read_ptr+i*block_size, block_size))
882 						bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
883 				if (got < try) {
884 					bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + got);
885 					got++;
886 				}
887 
888 				/* write back original data */
889 				do_write (dev, save_ptr, got,
890 					  block_size, currently_testing);
891 				save_ptr += got * block_size;
892 
893 				currently_testing += got;
894 				test_ptr += got * block_size;
895 				read_ptr += got * block_size;
896 				try -= got;
897 			}
898 
899 			/* empty the buffer so it can be reused */
900 			num_saved = 0;
901 			buf_used = 0;
902 			save_ptr = save_base;
903 			test_ptr = test_base;
904 			currently_testing = save_currently_testing;
905 		}
906 		num_blocks = 0;
907 		alarm(0);
908 		if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
909 			fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
910 
911 		flush_bufs();
912 	}
913 	uncapture_terminate();
914 	fflush(stderr);
915 	free(blkbuf);
916 	free(test_record);
917 
918 	ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
919 
920 	return bb_count;
921 }
922 
check_mount(char * device_name)923 static void check_mount(char *device_name)
924 {
925 	errcode_t	retval;
926 	int		mount_flags;
927 
928 	retval = ext2fs_check_if_mounted(device_name, &mount_flags);
929 	if (retval) {
930 		com_err("ext2fs_check_if_mount", retval,
931 			_("while determining whether %s is mounted."),
932 			device_name);
933 		return;
934 	}
935 	if (mount_flags & EXT2_MF_MOUNTED) {
936 		fprintf(stderr, _("%s is mounted; "), device_name);
937 		if (force) {
938 			fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.  "
939 				"Hope /etc/mtab is incorrect.\n"), stderr);
940 			return;
941 		}
942 	abort_badblocks:
943 		fputs(_("it's not safe to run badblocks!\n"), stderr);
944 		exit(1);
945 	}
946 
947 	if ((mount_flags & EXT2_MF_BUSY) && !exclusive_ok) {
948 		fprintf(stderr, _("%s is apparently in use by the system; "),
949 			device_name);
950 		if (force)
951 			fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.\n"), stderr);
952 		else
953 			goto abort_badblocks;
954 	}
955 
956 }
957 
958 /*
959  * This function will convert a string to an unsigned long, printing
960  * an error message if it fails, and returning success or failure in err.
961  */
parse_uint(const char * str,const char * descr)962 static unsigned int parse_uint(const char *str, const char *descr)
963 {
964 	char		*tmp;
965 	unsigned long	ret;
966 
967 	errno = 0;
968 	ret = strtoul(str, &tmp, 0);
969 	if (*tmp || errno || (ret > UINT_MAX) ||
970 	    (ret == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)) {
971 		com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid %s - %s"), descr, str);
972 		exit (1);
973 	}
974 	return ret;
975 }
976 
main(int argc,char ** argv)977 int main (int argc, char ** argv)
978 {
979 	int c;
980 	char * device_name;
981 	char * host_device_name = NULL;
982 	char * input_file = NULL;
983 	char * output_file = NULL;
984 	FILE * in = NULL;
985 	int block_size = 1024;
986 	unsigned int blocks_at_once = 64;
987 	blk_t last_block, first_block;
988 	int num_passes = 0;
989 	int passes_clean = 0;
990 	int dev;
991 	errcode_t errcode;
992 	unsigned int pattern;
993 	unsigned int (*test_func)(int, blk_t,
994 				  int, blk_t,
995 				  unsigned int);
996 	int open_flag;
997 	long sysval;
998 
999 	setbuf(stdout, NULL);
1000 	setbuf(stderr, NULL);
1001 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1002 	setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1003 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1004 	bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1005 	textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1006 #endif
1007 	srandom((unsigned int)time(NULL));  /* simple randomness is enough */
1008 	test_func = test_ro;
1009 
1010 	/* Determine the system page size if possible */
1011 #ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
1012 #if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
1013 #define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
1014 #endif
1015 #ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
1016 	sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
1017 	if (sysval > 0)
1018 		sys_page_size = sysval;
1019 #endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
1020 #endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
1021 
1022 	if (argc && *argv)
1023 		program_name = *argv;
1024 	while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "b:d:e:fi:o:svwnc:p:h:t:X")) != EOF) {
1025 		switch (c) {
1026 		case 'b':
1027 			block_size = parse_uint(optarg, "block size");
1028 			break;
1029 		case 'f':
1030 			force++;
1031 			break;
1032 		case 'i':
1033 			input_file = optarg;
1034 			break;
1035 		case 'o':
1036 			output_file = optarg;
1037 			break;
1038 		case 's':
1039 			s_flag = 1;
1040 			break;
1041 		case 'v':
1042 			v_flag++;
1043 			break;
1044 		case 'w':
1045 			if (w_flag)
1046 				exclusive_usage();
1047 			test_func = test_rw;
1048 			w_flag = 1;
1049 			break;
1050 		case 'n':
1051 			if (w_flag)
1052 				exclusive_usage();
1053 			test_func = test_nd;
1054 			w_flag = 2;
1055 			break;
1056 		case 'c':
1057 			blocks_at_once = parse_uint(optarg, "blocks at once");
1058 			break;
1059 		case 'e':
1060 			max_bb = parse_uint(optarg, "max bad block count");
1061 			break;
1062 		case 'd':
1063 			d_flag = parse_uint(optarg, "read delay factor");
1064 			break;
1065 		case 'p':
1066 			num_passes = parse_uint(optarg,
1067 						"number of clean passes");
1068 			break;
1069 		case 'h':
1070 			host_device_name = optarg;
1071 			break;
1072 		case 't':
1073 			if (t_flag + 1 > t_max) {
1074 				unsigned int *t_patts_new;
1075 
1076 				t_patts_new = realloc(t_patts, sizeof(int) *
1077 						      (t_max + T_INC));
1078 				if (!t_patts_new) {
1079 					com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
1080 						_("can't allocate memory for "
1081 						  "test_pattern - %s"),
1082 						optarg);
1083 					exit(1);
1084 				}
1085 				t_patts = t_patts_new;
1086 				t_max += T_INC;
1087 			}
1088 			if (!strcmp(optarg, "r") || !strcmp(optarg,"random")) {
1089 				t_patts[t_flag++] = ~0;
1090 			} else {
1091 				pattern = parse_uint(optarg, "test pattern");
1092 				if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0)
1093 					pattern = 0xffff;
1094 				t_patts[t_flag++] = pattern;
1095 			}
1096 			break;
1097 		case 'X':
1098 			exclusive_ok++;
1099 			break;
1100 		default:
1101 			usage();
1102 		}
1103 	}
1104 	if (!w_flag) {
1105 		if (t_flag > 1) {
1106 			com_err(program_name, 0,
1107 			_("Maximum of one test_pattern may be specified "
1108 			  "in read-only mode"));
1109 			exit(1);
1110 		}
1111 		if (t_patts && (t_patts[0] == (unsigned int) ~0)) {
1112 			com_err(program_name, 0,
1113 			_("Random test_pattern is not allowed "
1114 			  "in read-only mode"));
1115 			exit(1);
1116 		}
1117 	}
1118 	if (optind > argc - 1)
1119 		usage();
1120 	device_name = argv[optind++];
1121 	if (optind > argc - 1) {
1122 		errcode = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1123 						 block_size,
1124 						 &last_block);
1125 		if (errcode == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1126 			com_err(program_name, 0,
1127 				_("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1128 				  "must specify\nthe size manually\n"));
1129 			exit(1);
1130 		}
1131 		if (errcode) {
1132 			com_err(program_name, errcode,
1133 				_("while trying to determine device size"));
1134 			exit(1);
1135 		}
1136 	} else {
1137 		errno = 0;
1138 		last_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("last block"));
1139 		last_block++;
1140 		optind++;
1141 	}
1142 	if (optind <= argc-1) {
1143 		errno = 0;
1144 		first_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("first block"));
1145 	} else first_block = 0;
1146 	if (first_block >= last_block) {
1147 	    com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid starting block (%lu): must be less than %lu"),
1148 		     (unsigned long) first_block, (unsigned long) last_block);
1149 	    exit (1);
1150 	}
1151 	if (w_flag)
1152 		check_mount(device_name);
1153 
1154 	gettimeofday(&time_start, 0);
1155 	open_flag = O_LARGEFILE | (w_flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
1156 	dev = open (device_name, open_flag);
1157 	if (dev == -1) {
1158 		com_err (program_name, errno, _("while trying to open %s"),
1159 			 device_name);
1160 		exit (1);
1161 	}
1162 	if (host_device_name) {
1163 		host_dev = open (host_device_name, open_flag);
1164 		if (host_dev == -1) {
1165 			com_err (program_name, errno,
1166 				 _("while trying to open %s"),
1167 				 host_device_name);
1168 			exit (1);
1169 		}
1170 	} else
1171 		host_dev = dev;
1172 	if (input_file) {
1173 		if (strcmp (input_file, "-") == 0)
1174 			in = stdin;
1175 		else {
1176 			in = fopen (input_file, "r");
1177 			if (in == NULL)
1178 			{
1179 				com_err (program_name, errno,
1180 					 _("while trying to open %s"),
1181 					 input_file);
1182 				exit (1);
1183 			}
1184 		}
1185 	}
1186 	if (output_file && strcmp (output_file, "-") != 0)
1187 	{
1188 		out = fopen (output_file, "w");
1189 		if (out == NULL)
1190 		{
1191 			com_err (program_name, errno,
1192 				 _("while trying to open %s"),
1193 				 output_file);
1194 			exit (1);
1195 		}
1196 	}
1197 	else
1198 		out = stdout;
1199 
1200 	errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_create(&bb_list,0);
1201 	if (errcode) {
1202 		com_err (program_name, errcode,
1203 			 _("while creating in-memory bad blocks list"));
1204 		exit (1);
1205 	}
1206 
1207 	if (in) {
1208 		for(;;) {
1209 			switch(fscanf (in, "%u\n", &next_bad)) {
1210 				case 0:
1211 					com_err (program_name, 0, "input file - bad format");
1212 					exit (1);
1213 				case EOF:
1214 					break;
1215 				default:
1216 					errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add(bb_list,next_bad);
1217 					if (errcode) {
1218 						com_err (program_name, errcode, _("while adding to in-memory bad block list"));
1219 						exit (1);
1220 					}
1221 					continue;
1222 			}
1223 			break;
1224 		}
1225 
1226 		if (in != stdin)
1227 			fclose (in);
1228 	}
1229 
1230 	do {
1231 		unsigned int bb_count;
1232 
1233 		bb_count = test_func(dev, last_block, block_size,
1234 				     first_block, blocks_at_once);
1235 		if (bb_count)
1236 			passes_clean = 0;
1237 		else
1238 			++passes_clean;
1239 
1240 		if (v_flag)
1241 			fprintf(stderr,
1242 				_("Pass completed, %u bad blocks found.\n"),
1243 				bb_count);
1244 
1245 	} while (passes_clean < num_passes);
1246 
1247 	close (dev);
1248 	if (out != stdout)
1249 		fclose (out);
1250 	free(t_patts);
1251 	return 0;
1252 }
1253 
1254