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1 /*
2 ********************************************************************************
3 *   Copyright (C) 1997-2010, International Business Machines
4 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
5 ********************************************************************************
6 *
7 * File brkiter.h
8 *
9 * Modification History:
10 *
11 *   Date        Name        Description
12 *   02/18/97    aliu        Added typedef for TextCount.  Made DONE const.
13 *   05/07/97    aliu        Fixed DLL declaration.
14 *   07/09/97    jfitz       Renamed BreakIterator and interface synced with JDK
15 *   08/11/98    helena      Sync-up JDK1.2.
16 *   01/13/2000  helena      Added UErrorCode parameter to createXXXInstance methods.
17 ********************************************************************************
18 */
19 
20 #ifndef BRKITER_H
21 #define BRKITER_H
22 
23 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
24 
25 /**
26  * \file
27  * \brief C++ API: Break Iterator.
28  */
29 
30 #if UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
31 
32 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
33 
34 /*
35  * Allow the declaration of APIs with pointers to BreakIterator
36  * even when break iteration is removed from the build.
37  */
38 class BreakIterator;
39 
40 U_NAMESPACE_END
41 
42 #else
43 
44 #include "unicode/uobject.h"
45 #include "unicode/unistr.h"
46 #include "unicode/chariter.h"
47 #include "unicode/locid.h"
48 #include "unicode/ubrk.h"
49 #include "unicode/strenum.h"
50 #include "unicode/utext.h"
51 #include "unicode/umisc.h"
52 
53 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
54 
55 /**
56  * The BreakIterator class implements methods for finding the location
57  * of boundaries in text. BreakIterator is an abstract base class.
58  * Instances of BreakIterator maintain a current position and scan over
59  * text returning the index of characters where boundaries occur.
60  * <p>
61  * Line boundary analysis determines where a text string can be broken
62  * when line-wrapping. The mechanism correctly handles punctuation and
63  * hyphenated words.
64  * <p>
65  * Sentence boundary analysis allows selection with correct
66  * interpretation of periods within numbers and abbreviations, and
67  * trailing punctuation marks such as quotation marks and parentheses.
68  * <p>
69  * Word boundary analysis is used by search and replace functions, as
70  * well as within text editing applications that allow the user to
71  * select words with a double click. Word selection provides correct
72  * interpretation of punctuation marks within and following
73  * words. Characters that are not part of a word, such as symbols or
74  * punctuation marks, have word-breaks on both sides.
75  * <p>
76  * Character boundary analysis allows users to interact with
77  * characters as they expect to, for example, when moving the cursor
78  * through a text string. Character boundary analysis provides correct
79  * navigation of through character strings, regardless of how the
80  * character is stored.  For example, an accented character might be
81  * stored as a base character and a diacritical mark. What users
82  * consider to be a character can differ between languages.
83  * <p>
84  * The text boundary positions are found according to the rules
85  * described in Unicode Standard Annex #29, Text Boundaries, and
86  * Unicode Standard Annex #14, Line Breaking Properties.  These
87  * are available at http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/ and
88  * http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/.
89  * <p>
90  * In addition to the C++ API defined in this header file, a
91  * plain C API with equivalent functionality is defined in the
92  * file ubrk.h
93  * <p>
94  * Code snippets illustrating the use of the Break Iterator APIs
95  * are available in the ICU User Guide,
96  * http://icu-project.org/userguide/boundaryAnalysis.html
97  * and in the sample program icu/source/samples/break/break.cpp
98  *
99  */
100 class U_COMMON_API BreakIterator : public UObject {
101 public:
102     /**
103      *  destructor
104      *  @stable ICU 2.0
105      */
106     virtual ~BreakIterator();
107 
108     /**
109      * Return true if another object is semantically equal to this
110      * one. The other object should be an instance of the same subclass of
111      * BreakIterator. Objects of different subclasses are considered
112      * unequal.
113      * <P>
114      * Return true if this BreakIterator is at the same position in the
115      * same text, and is the same class and type (word, line, etc.) of
116      * BreakIterator, as the argument.  Text is considered the same if
117      * it contains the same characters, it need not be the same
118      * object, and styles are not considered.
119      * @stable ICU 2.0
120      */
121     virtual UBool operator==(const BreakIterator&) const = 0;
122 
123     /**
124      * Returns the complement of the result of operator==
125      * @param rhs The BreakIterator to be compared for inequality
126      * @return the complement of the result of operator==
127      * @stable ICU 2.0
128      */
129     UBool operator!=(const BreakIterator& rhs) const { return !operator==(rhs); }
130 
131     /**
132      * Return a polymorphic copy of this object.  This is an abstract
133      * method which subclasses implement.
134      * @stable ICU 2.0
135      */
136     virtual BreakIterator* clone(void) const = 0;
137 
138     /**
139      * Return a polymorphic class ID for this object. Different subclasses
140      * will return distinct unequal values.
141      * @stable ICU 2.0
142      */
143     virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const = 0;
144 
145     /**
146      * Return a CharacterIterator over the text being analyzed.
147      * @stable ICU 2.0
148      */
149     virtual CharacterIterator& getText(void) const = 0;
150 
151 
152     /**
153       *  Get a UText for the text being analyzed.
154       *  The returned UText is a shallow clone of the UText used internally
155       *  by the break iterator implementation.  It can safely be used to
156       *  access the text without impacting any break iterator operations,
157       *  but the underlying text itself must not be altered.
158       *
159       * @param fillIn A UText to be filled in.  If NULL, a new UText will be
160       *           allocated to hold the result.
161       * @param status receives any error codes.
162       * @return   The current UText for this break iterator.  If an input
163       *           UText was provided, it will always be returned.
164       * @stable ICU 3.4
165       */
166      virtual UText *getUText(UText *fillIn, UErrorCode &status) const = 0;
167 
168     /**
169      * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is
170      * reset to the start.
171      * @param text The UnicodeString used to change the text.
172      * @stable ICU 2.0
173      */
174     virtual void  setText(const UnicodeString &text) = 0;
175 
176     /**
177      * Reset the break iterator to operate over the text represented by
178      * the UText.  The iterator position is reset to the start.
179      *
180      * This function makes a shallow clone of the supplied UText.  This means
181      * that the caller is free to immediately close or otherwise reuse the
182      * Utext that was passed as a parameter, but that the underlying text itself
183      * must not be altered while being referenced by the break iterator.
184      *
185      * @param text The UText used to change the text.
186      * @param status receives any error codes.
187      * @stable ICU 3.4
188      */
189     virtual void  setText(UText *text, UErrorCode &status) = 0;
190 
191     /**
192      * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is
193      * reset to the start.
194      * Note that setText(UText *) provides similar functionality to this function,
195      * and is more efficient.
196      * @param it The CharacterIterator used to change the text.
197      * @stable ICU 2.0
198      */
199     virtual void  adoptText(CharacterIterator* it) = 0;
200 
201     enum {
202         /**
203          * DONE is returned by previous() and next() after all valid
204          * boundaries have been returned.
205          * @stable ICU 2.0
206          */
207         DONE = (int32_t)-1
208     };
209 
210     /**
211      * Return the index of the first character in the text being scanned.
212      * @stable ICU 2.0
213      */
214     virtual int32_t first(void) = 0;
215 
216     /**
217      * Return the index immediately BEYOND the last character in the text being scanned.
218      * @stable ICU 2.0
219      */
220     virtual int32_t last(void) = 0;
221 
222     /**
223      * Return the boundary preceding the current boundary.
224      * @return The character index of the previous text boundary or DONE if all
225      * boundaries have been returned.
226      * @stable ICU 2.0
227      */
228     virtual int32_t previous(void) = 0;
229 
230     /**
231      * Return the boundary following the current boundary.
232      * @return The character index of the next text boundary or DONE if all
233      * boundaries have been returned.
234      * @stable ICU 2.0
235      */
236     virtual int32_t next(void) = 0;
237 
238     /**
239      * Return character index of the current interator position within the text.
240      * @return The boundary most recently returned.
241      * @stable ICU 2.0
242      */
243     virtual int32_t current(void) const = 0;
244 
245     /**
246      * Return the first boundary following the specified offset.
247      * The value returned is always greater than the offset or
248      * the value BreakIterator.DONE
249      * @param offset the offset to begin scanning.
250      * @return The first boundary after the specified offset.
251      * @stable ICU 2.0
252      */
253     virtual int32_t following(int32_t offset) = 0;
254 
255     /**
256      * Return the first boundary preceding the specified offset.
257      * The value returned is always smaller than the offset or
258      * the value BreakIterator.DONE
259      * @param offset the offset to begin scanning.
260      * @return The first boundary before the specified offset.
261      * @stable ICU 2.0
262      */
263     virtual int32_t preceding(int32_t offset) = 0;
264 
265     /**
266      * Return true if the specfied position is a boundary position.
267      * As a side effect, the current position of the iterator is set
268      * to the first boundary position at or following the specified offset.
269      * @param offset the offset to check.
270      * @return True if "offset" is a boundary position.
271      * @stable ICU 2.0
272      */
273     virtual UBool isBoundary(int32_t offset) = 0;
274 
275     /**
276      * Return the nth boundary from the current boundary
277      * @param n which boundary to return.  A value of 0
278      * does nothing.  Negative values move to previous boundaries
279      * and positive values move to later boundaries.
280      * @return The index of the nth boundary from the current position, or
281      * DONE if there are fewer than |n| boundaries in the specfied direction.
282      * @stable ICU 2.0
283      */
284     virtual int32_t next(int32_t n) = 0;
285 
286     /**
287      * Create BreakIterator for word-breaks using the given locale.
288      * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing word breaks.
289      * WordBreak is useful for word selection (ex. double click)
290      * @param where the locale.
291      * @param status the error code
292      * @return A BreakIterator for word-breaks.  The UErrorCode& status
293      * parameter is used to return status information to the user.
294      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check
295      * the value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you
296      * can check for informational error results which still indicate success.
297      * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used.  For
298      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
299      * used.  U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was
300      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
301      * could be found.
302      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
303      * @stable ICU 2.0
304      */
305     static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2
306     createWordInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status);
307 
308     /**
309      * Create BreakIterator for line-breaks using specified locale.
310      * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing line breaks. Line
311      * breaks are logically possible line breaks, actual line breaks are
312      * usually determined based on display width.
313      * LineBreak is useful for word wrapping text.
314      * @param where the locale.
315      * @param status The error code.
316      * @return A BreakIterator for line-breaks.  The UErrorCode& status
317      * parameter is used to return status information to the user.
318      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check
319      * the value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you
320      * can check for informational error results which still indicate success.
321      * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used.  For
322      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
323      * used.  U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was
324      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
325      * could be found.
326      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
327      * @stable ICU 2.0
328      */
329     static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2
330     createLineInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status);
331 
332     /**
333      * Create BreakIterator for character-breaks using specified locale
334      * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing character breaks.
335      * Character breaks are boundaries of combining character sequences.
336      * @param where the locale.
337      * @param status The error code.
338      * @return A BreakIterator for character-breaks.  The UErrorCode& status
339      * parameter is used to return status information to the user.
340      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check
341      * the value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you
342      * can check for informational error results which still indicate success.
343      * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used.  For
344      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
345      * used.  U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was
346      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
347      * could be found.
348      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
349      * @stable ICU 2.0
350      */
351     static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2
352     createCharacterInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status);
353 
354     /**
355      * Create BreakIterator for sentence-breaks using specified locale
356      * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing sentence breaks.
357      * @param where the locale.
358      * @param status The error code.
359      * @return A BreakIterator for sentence-breaks.  The UErrorCode& status
360      * parameter is used to return status information to the user.
361      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check
362      * the value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you
363      * can check for informational error results which still indicate success.
364      * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used.  For
365      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
366      * used.  U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was
367      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
368      * could be found.
369      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
370      * @stable ICU 2.0
371      */
372     static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2
373     createSentenceInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status);
374 
375     /**
376      * Create BreakIterator for title-casing breaks using the specified locale
377      * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing title breaks.
378      * The iterator returned locates title boundaries as described for
379      * Unicode 3.2 only. For Unicode 4.0 and above title boundary iteration,
380      * please use Word Boundary iterator.{@link #createWordInstance }
381      *
382      * @param where the locale.
383      * @param status The error code.
384      * @return A BreakIterator for title-breaks.  The UErrorCode& status
385      * parameter is used to return status information to the user.
386      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check
387      * the value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you
388      * can check for informational error results which still indicate success.
389      * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used.  For
390      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
391      * used.  U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was
392      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
393      * could be found.
394      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
395      * @stable ICU 2.1
396      */
397     static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2
398     createTitleInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status);
399 
400     /**
401      * Get the set of Locales for which TextBoundaries are installed.
402      * <p><b>Note:</b> this will not return locales added through the register
403      * call. To see the registered locales too, use the getAvailableLocales
404      * function that returns a StringEnumeration object </p>
405      * @param count the output parameter of number of elements in the locale list
406      * @return available locales
407      * @stable ICU 2.0
408      */
409     static const Locale* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(int32_t& count);
410 
411     /**
412      * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the desired langauge.
413      * @param objectLocale must be from getAvailableLocales.
414      * @param displayLocale specifies the desired locale for output.
415      * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value
416      * Uses best match.
417      * @return user-displayable name
418      * @stable ICU 2.0
419      */
420     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale,
421                                          const Locale& displayLocale,
422                                          UnicodeString& name);
423 
424     /**
425      * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the langauge of the
426      * default locale.
427      * @param objectLocale must be from getMatchingLocales
428      * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value
429      * @return user-displayable name
430      * @stable ICU 2.0
431      */
432     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale,
433                                          UnicodeString& name);
434 
435     /**
436      * Thread safe client-buffer-based cloning operation
437      *    Do NOT call delete on a safeclone, since 'new' is not used to create it.
438      * @param stackBuffer user allocated space for the new clone. If NULL new memory will be allocated.
439      * If buffer is not large enough, new memory will be allocated.
440      * @param BufferSize reference to size of allocated space.
441      * If BufferSize == 0, a sufficient size for use in cloning will
442      * be returned ('pre-flighting')
443      * If BufferSize is not enough for a stack-based safe clone,
444      * new memory will be allocated.
445      * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors
446      *  An informational status value, U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_ERROR, is used if any allocations were
447      *  necessary.
448      * @return pointer to the new clone
449      *
450      * @stable ICU 2.0
451      */
452     virtual BreakIterator *  createBufferClone(void *stackBuffer,
453                                                int32_t &BufferSize,
454                                                UErrorCode &status) = 0;
455 
456     /**
457      *   Determine whether the BreakIterator was created in user memory by
458      *   createBufferClone(), and thus should not be deleted.  Such objects
459      *   must be closed by an explicit call to the destructor (not delete).
460      *  @stable ICU 2.0
461      */
462     inline UBool isBufferClone(void);
463 
464 #if !UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE
465     /**
466      * Register a new break iterator of the indicated kind, to use in the given locale.
467      * The break iterator will be adopted.  Clones of the iterator will be returned
468      * if a request for a break iterator of the given kind matches or falls back to
469      * this locale.
470      * @param toAdopt the BreakIterator instance to be adopted
471      * @param locale the Locale for which this instance is to be registered
472      * @param kind the type of iterator for which this instance is to be registered
473      * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned
474      * @return a registry key that can be used to unregister this instance
475      * @stable ICU 2.4
476      */
477     static URegistryKey U_EXPORT2 registerInstance(BreakIterator* toAdopt,
478                                         const Locale& locale,
479                                         UBreakIteratorType kind,
480                                         UErrorCode& status);
481 
482     /**
483      * Unregister a previously-registered BreakIterator using the key returned from the
484      * register call.  Key becomes invalid after a successful call and should not be used again.
485      * The BreakIterator corresponding to the key will be deleted.
486      * @param key the registry key returned by a previous call to registerInstance
487      * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned
488      * @return TRUE if the iterator for the key was successfully unregistered
489      * @stable ICU 2.4
490      */
491     static UBool U_EXPORT2 unregister(URegistryKey key, UErrorCode& status);
492 
493     /**
494      * Return a StringEnumeration over the locales available at the time of the call,
495      * including registered locales.
496      * @return a StringEnumeration over the locales available at the time of the call
497      * @stable ICU 2.4
498      */
499     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(void);
500 #endif
501 
502     /**
503      * Returns the locale for this break iterator. Two flavors are available: valid and
504      * actual locale.
505      * @stable ICU 2.8
506      */
507     Locale getLocale(ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode& status) const;
508 
509     /** Get the locale for this break iterator object. You can choose between valid and actual locale.
510      *  @param type type of the locale we're looking for (valid or actual)
511      *  @param status error code for the operation
512      *  @return the locale
513      *  @internal
514      */
515     const char *getLocaleID(ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode& status) const;
516 
517  private:
518     static BreakIterator* buildInstance(const Locale& loc, const char *type, int32_t kind, UErrorCode& status);
519     static BreakIterator* createInstance(const Locale& loc, int32_t kind, UErrorCode& status);
520     static BreakIterator* makeInstance(const Locale& loc, int32_t kind, UErrorCode& status);
521 
522     friend class ICUBreakIteratorFactory;
523     friend class ICUBreakIteratorService;
524 
525 protected:
526     /** @internal */
527     BreakIterator();
528     /** @internal */
529     UBool fBufferClone;
530     /** @internal */
531     BreakIterator (const BreakIterator &other) : UObject(other), fBufferClone(FALSE) {}
532 
533 private:
534 
535     /** @internal */
536     char actualLocale[ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY];
537     char validLocale[ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY];
538 
539     /**
540      * The assignment operator has no real implementation.
541      * It's provided to make the compiler happy. Do not call.
542      */
543     BreakIterator& operator=(const BreakIterator&);
544 };
545 
546 inline UBool BreakIterator::isBufferClone()
547 {
548     return fBufferClone;
549 }
550 
551 U_NAMESPACE_END
552 
553 #endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION */
554 
555 #endif // _BRKITER
556 //eof
557 
558