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1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.210 2011/04/18 00:46:05 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Identity and host key generation and maintenance.
7  *
8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
13  */
14 
15 #include "includes.h"
16 
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/socket.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/param.h>
21 
22 #include <openssl/evp.h>
23 #include <openssl/pem.h>
24 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
25 
26 #include <errno.h>
27 #include <fcntl.h>
28 #include <netdb.h>
29 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
30 # include <paths.h>
31 #endif
32 #include <pwd.h>
33 #include <stdarg.h>
34 #include <stdio.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <unistd.h>
38 
39 #include "xmalloc.h"
40 #include "key.h"
41 #include "rsa.h"
42 #include "authfile.h"
43 #include "uuencode.h"
44 #include "buffer.h"
45 #include "pathnames.h"
46 #include "log.h"
47 #include "misc.h"
48 #include "match.h"
49 #include "hostfile.h"
50 #include "dns.h"
51 #include "ssh2.h"
52 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
53 
54 /* Number of bits in the RSA/DSA key.  This value can be set on the command line. */
55 #define DEFAULT_BITS		2048
56 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA	1024
57 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA	256
58 u_int32_t bits = 0;
59 
60 /*
61  * Flag indicating that we just want to change the passphrase.  This can be
62  * set on the command line.
63  */
64 int change_passphrase = 0;
65 
66 /*
67  * Flag indicating that we just want to change the comment.  This can be set
68  * on the command line.
69  */
70 int change_comment = 0;
71 
72 int quiet = 0;
73 
74 int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
75 
76 /* Flag indicating that we want to hash a known_hosts file */
77 int hash_hosts = 0;
78 /* Flag indicating that we want lookup a host in known_hosts file */
79 int find_host = 0;
80 /* Flag indicating that we want to delete a host from a known_hosts file */
81 int delete_host = 0;
82 
83 /* Flag indicating that we want to show the contents of a certificate */
84 int show_cert = 0;
85 
86 /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */
87 int print_fingerprint = 0;
88 int print_bubblebabble = 0;
89 
90 /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
91 char identity_file[1024];
92 int have_identity = 0;
93 
94 /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */
95 char *identity_passphrase = NULL;
96 
97 /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */
98 char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL;
99 
100 /* This is set to the new comment if given on the command line. */
101 char *identity_comment = NULL;
102 
103 /* Path to CA key when certifying keys. */
104 char *ca_key_path = NULL;
105 
106 /* Certificate serial number */
107 long long cert_serial = 0;
108 
109 /* Key type when certifying */
110 u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
111 
112 /* "key ID" of signed key */
113 char *cert_key_id = NULL;
114 
115 /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */
116 char *cert_principals = NULL;
117 
118 /* Validity period for certificates */
119 u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0;
120 u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL;
121 
122 /* Certificate options */
123 #define CERTOPT_X_FWD	(1)
124 #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD	(1<<1)
125 #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD	(1<<2)
126 #define CERTOPT_PTY		(1<<3)
127 #define CERTOPT_USER_RC	(1<<4)
128 #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT	(CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \
129 			 CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC)
130 u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT;
131 char *certflags_command = NULL;
132 char *certflags_src_addr = NULL;
133 
134 /* Conversion to/from various formats */
135 int convert_to = 0;
136 int convert_from = 0;
137 enum {
138 	FMT_RFC4716,
139 	FMT_PKCS8,
140 	FMT_PEM
141 } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
142 int print_public = 0;
143 int print_generic = 0;
144 
145 char *key_type_name = NULL;
146 
147 /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
148 char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
149 
150 /* argv0 */
151 extern char *__progname;
152 
153 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
154 
155 /* moduli.c */
156 int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
157 int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t);
158 
159 static void
type_bits_valid(int type,u_int32_t * bitsp)160 type_bits_valid(int type, u_int32_t *bitsp)
161 {
162 	u_int maxbits;
163 
164 	if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
165 		fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
166 		exit(1);
167 	}
168 	if (*bitsp == 0) {
169 		if (type == KEY_DSA)
170 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
171 		else if (type == KEY_ECDSA)
172 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
173 		else
174 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
175 	}
176 	maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ?
177 	    OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS;
178 	if (*bitsp > maxbits) {
179 		fprintf(stderr, "key bits exceeds maximum %d\n", maxbits);
180 		exit(1);
181 	}
182 	if (type == KEY_DSA && *bitsp != 1024)
183 		fatal("DSA keys must be 1024 bits");
184 	else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && *bitsp < 768)
185 		fatal("Key must at least be 768 bits");
186 	else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && key_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
187 		fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length - valid lengths are "
188 		    "256, 384 or 521 bits");
189 }
190 
191 static void
ask_filename(struct passwd * pw,const char * prompt)192 ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt)
193 {
194 	char buf[1024];
195 	char *name = NULL;
196 
197 	if (key_type_name == NULL)
198 		name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
199 	else {
200 		switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
201 		case KEY_RSA1:
202 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY;
203 			break;
204 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
205 		case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
206 		case KEY_DSA:
207 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA;
208 			break;
209 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
210 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
211 		case KEY_ECDSA:
212 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA;
213 			break;
214 #endif
215 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
216 		case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
217 		case KEY_RSA:
218 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
219 			break;
220 		default:
221 			fprintf(stderr, "bad key type\n");
222 			exit(1);
223 			break;
224 		}
225 	}
226 	snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name);
227 	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file);
228 	if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL)
229 		exit(1);
230 	buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
231 	if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0)
232 		strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file));
233 	have_identity = 1;
234 }
235 
236 static Key *
load_identity(char * filename)237 load_identity(char *filename)
238 {
239 	char *pass;
240 	Key *prv;
241 
242 	prv = key_load_private(filename, "", NULL);
243 	if (prv == NULL) {
244 		if (identity_passphrase)
245 			pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
246 		else
247 			pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
248 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
249 		prv = key_load_private(filename, pass, NULL);
250 		memset(pass, 0, strlen(pass));
251 		xfree(pass);
252 	}
253 	return prv;
254 }
255 
256 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN		"---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
257 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END		"---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
258 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN		"---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
259 #define	SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC	0x3f6ff9eb
260 
261 static void
do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd * pw,Key * k)262 do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key *k)
263 {
264 	u_int len;
265 	u_char *blob;
266 	char comment[61];
267 
268 	if (key_to_blob(k, &blob, &len) <= 0) {
269 		fprintf(stderr, "key_to_blob failed\n");
270 		exit(1);
271 	}
272 	/* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
273 	snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
274 	    "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
275 	    key_size(k), key_type(k),
276 	    pw->pw_name, hostname);
277 
278 	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
279 	fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment);
280 	dump_base64(stdout, blob, len);
281 	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
282 	key_free(k);
283 	xfree(blob);
284 	exit(0);
285 }
286 
287 static void
do_convert_to_pkcs8(Key * k)288 do_convert_to_pkcs8(Key *k)
289 {
290 	switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
291 	case KEY_RSA:
292 		if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
293 			fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
294 		break;
295 	case KEY_DSA:
296 		if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
297 			fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
298 		break;
299 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
300 	case KEY_ECDSA:
301 		if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
302 			fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
303 		break;
304 #endif
305 	default:
306 		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
307 	}
308 	exit(0);
309 }
310 
311 static void
do_convert_to_pem(Key * k)312 do_convert_to_pem(Key *k)
313 {
314 	switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
315 	case KEY_RSA:
316 		if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
317 			fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
318 		break;
319 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
320 	case KEY_DSA:
321 		if (!PEM_write_DSAPublicKey(stdout, k->dsa))
322 			fatal("PEM_write_DSAPublicKey failed");
323 		break;
324 #endif
325 	/* XXX ECDSA? */
326 	default:
327 		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
328 	}
329 	exit(0);
330 }
331 
332 static void
do_convert_to(struct passwd * pw)333 do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
334 {
335 	Key *k;
336 	struct stat st;
337 
338 	if (!have_identity)
339 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
340 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
341 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
342 	if ((k = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL) {
343 		if ((k = load_identity(identity_file)) == NULL) {
344 			fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
345 			exit(1);
346 		}
347 	}
348 	if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) {
349 		fprintf(stderr, "version 1 keys are not supported\n");
350 		exit(1);
351 	}
352 
353 	switch (convert_format) {
354 	case FMT_RFC4716:
355 		do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
356 		break;
357 	case FMT_PKCS8:
358 		do_convert_to_pkcs8(k);
359 		break;
360 	case FMT_PEM:
361 		do_convert_to_pem(k);
362 		break;
363 	default:
364 		fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
365 	}
366 	exit(0);
367 }
368 
369 static void
buffer_get_bignum_bits(Buffer * b,BIGNUM * value)370 buffer_get_bignum_bits(Buffer *b, BIGNUM *value)
371 {
372 	u_int bignum_bits = buffer_get_int(b);
373 	u_int bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
374 
375 	if (buffer_len(b) < bytes)
376 		fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: input buffer too small: "
377 		    "need %d have %d", bytes, buffer_len(b));
378 	if (BN_bin2bn(buffer_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
379 		fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: BN_bin2bn failed");
380 	buffer_consume(b, bytes);
381 }
382 
383 static Key *
do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char * blob,u_int blen)384 do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen)
385 {
386 	Buffer b;
387 	Key *key = NULL;
388 	char *type, *cipher;
389 	u_char *sig, data[] = "abcde12345";
390 	int magic, rlen, ktype, i1, i2, i3, i4;
391 	u_int slen;
392 	u_long e;
393 
394 	buffer_init(&b);
395 	buffer_append(&b, blob, blen);
396 
397 	magic = buffer_get_int(&b);
398 	if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
399 		error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
400 		buffer_free(&b);
401 		return NULL;
402 	}
403 	i1 = buffer_get_int(&b);
404 	type   = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
405 	cipher = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
406 	i2 = buffer_get_int(&b);
407 	i3 = buffer_get_int(&b);
408 	i4 = buffer_get_int(&b);
409 	debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
410 	if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
411 		error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
412 		xfree(cipher);
413 		buffer_free(&b);
414 		xfree(type);
415 		return NULL;
416 	}
417 	xfree(cipher);
418 
419 	if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
420 		ktype = KEY_DSA;
421 	} else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
422 		ktype = KEY_RSA;
423 	} else {
424 		buffer_free(&b);
425 		xfree(type);
426 		return NULL;
427 	}
428 	key = key_new_private(ktype);
429 	xfree(type);
430 
431 	switch (key->type) {
432 	case KEY_DSA:
433 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->p);
434 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->g);
435 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->q);
436 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->pub_key);
437 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->priv_key);
438 		break;
439 	case KEY_RSA:
440 		e = buffer_get_char(&b);
441 		debug("e %lx", e);
442 		if (e < 30) {
443 			e <<= 8;
444 			e += buffer_get_char(&b);
445 			debug("e %lx", e);
446 			e <<= 8;
447 			e += buffer_get_char(&b);
448 			debug("e %lx", e);
449 		}
450 		if (!BN_set_word(key->rsa->e, e)) {
451 			buffer_free(&b);
452 			key_free(key);
453 			return NULL;
454 		}
455 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->d);
456 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->n);
457 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->iqmp);
458 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->q);
459 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->p);
460 		rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa);
461 		break;
462 	}
463 	rlen = buffer_len(&b);
464 	if (rlen != 0)
465 		error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: "
466 		    "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen);
467 	buffer_free(&b);
468 
469 	/* try the key */
470 	key_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data));
471 	key_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data));
472 	xfree(sig);
473 	return key;
474 }
475 
476 static int
get_line(FILE * fp,char * line,size_t len)477 get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len)
478 {
479 	int c;
480 	size_t pos = 0;
481 
482 	line[0] = '\0';
483 	while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
484 		if (pos >= len - 1) {
485 			fprintf(stderr, "input line too long.\n");
486 			exit(1);
487 		}
488 		switch (c) {
489 		case '\r':
490 			c = fgetc(fp);
491 			if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF) {
492 				fprintf(stderr, "unget: %s\n", strerror(errno));
493 				exit(1);
494 			}
495 			return pos;
496 		case '\n':
497 			return pos;
498 		}
499 		line[pos++] = c;
500 		line[pos] = '\0';
501 	}
502 	/* We reached EOF */
503 	return -1;
504 }
505 
506 static void
do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd * pw,Key ** k,int * private)507 do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key **k, int *private)
508 {
509 	int blen;
510 	u_int len;
511 	char line[1024];
512 	u_char blob[8096];
513 	char encoded[8096];
514 	int escaped = 0;
515 	FILE *fp;
516 
517 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
518 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
519 	encoded[0] = '\0';
520 	while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
521 		if (line[blen - 1] == '\\')
522 			escaped++;
523 		if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
524 		    strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
525 			if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL)
526 				*private = 1;
527 			if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) {
528 				break;
529 			}
530 			/* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */
531 			continue;
532 		}
533 		if (escaped) {
534 			escaped--;
535 			/* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */
536 			continue;
537 		}
538 		strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded));
539 	}
540 	len = strlen(encoded);
541 	if (((len % 4) == 3) &&
542 	    (encoded[len-1] == '=') &&
543 	    (encoded[len-2] == '=') &&
544 	    (encoded[len-3] == '='))
545 		encoded[len-3] = '\0';
546 	blen = uudecode(encoded, blob, sizeof(blob));
547 	if (blen < 0) {
548 		fprintf(stderr, "uudecode failed.\n");
549 		exit(1);
550 	}
551 	*k = *private ?
552 	    do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen) :
553 	    key_from_blob(blob, blen);
554 	if (*k == NULL) {
555 		fprintf(stderr, "decode blob failed.\n");
556 		exit(1);
557 	}
558 	fclose(fp);
559 }
560 
561 static void
do_convert_from_pkcs8(Key ** k,int * private)562 do_convert_from_pkcs8(Key **k, int *private)
563 {
564 	EVP_PKEY *pubkey;
565 	FILE *fp;
566 
567 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
568 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
569 	if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
570 		fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__,
571 		    identity_file);
572 	}
573 	fclose(fp);
574 	switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)) {
575 	case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
576 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
577 		(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
578 		(*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
579 		break;
580 	case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
581 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
582 		(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
583 		(*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
584 		break;
585 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
586 	case EVP_PKEY_EC:
587 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
588 		(*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
589 		(*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
590 		(*k)->ecdsa_nid = key_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
591 		break;
592 #endif
593 	default:
594 		fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__,
595 		    EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type));
596 	}
597 	EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey);
598 	return;
599 }
600 
601 static void
do_convert_from_pem(Key ** k,int * private)602 do_convert_from_pem(Key **k, int *private)
603 {
604 	FILE *fp;
605 	RSA *rsa;
606 #ifdef notyet
607 	DSA *dsa;
608 #endif
609 
610 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
611 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
612 	if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
613 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
614 		(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
615 		(*k)->rsa = rsa;
616 		fclose(fp);
617 		return;
618 	}
619 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
620 	rewind(fp);
621 	if ((dsa = PEM_read_DSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
622 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
623 		(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
624 		(*k)->dsa = dsa;
625 		fclose(fp);
626 		return;
627 	}
628 	/* XXX ECDSA */
629 #endif
630 	fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__);
631 }
632 
633 static void
do_convert_from(struct passwd * pw)634 do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
635 {
636 	Key *k = NULL;
637 	int private = 0, ok = 0;
638 	struct stat st;
639 
640 	if (!have_identity)
641 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
642 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
643 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
644 
645 	switch (convert_format) {
646 	case FMT_RFC4716:
647 		do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private);
648 		break;
649 	case FMT_PKCS8:
650 		do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private);
651 		break;
652 	case FMT_PEM:
653 		do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private);
654 		break;
655 	default:
656 		fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
657 	}
658 
659 	if (!private)
660 		ok = key_write(k, stdout);
661 		if (ok)
662 			fprintf(stdout, "\n");
663 	else {
664 		switch (k->type) {
665 		case KEY_DSA:
666 			ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
667 			    NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
668 			break;
669 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
670 		case KEY_ECDSA:
671 			ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL,
672 			    NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
673 			break;
674 #endif
675 		case KEY_RSA:
676 			ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL,
677 			    NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
678 			break;
679 		default:
680 			fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__,
681 			    key_type(k));
682 		}
683 	}
684 
685 	if (!ok) {
686 		fprintf(stderr, "key write failed\n");
687 		exit(1);
688 	}
689 	key_free(k);
690 	exit(0);
691 }
692 
693 static void
do_print_public(struct passwd * pw)694 do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
695 {
696 	Key *prv;
697 	struct stat st;
698 
699 	if (!have_identity)
700 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
701 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
702 		perror(identity_file);
703 		exit(1);
704 	}
705 	prv = load_identity(identity_file);
706 	if (prv == NULL) {
707 		fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
708 		exit(1);
709 	}
710 	if (!key_write(prv, stdout))
711 		fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed");
712 	key_free(prv);
713 	fprintf(stdout, "\n");
714 	exit(0);
715 }
716 
717 static void
do_download(struct passwd * pw)718 do_download(struct passwd *pw)
719 {
720 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
721 	Key **keys = NULL;
722 	int i, nkeys;
723 
724 	pkcs11_init(0);
725 	nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys);
726 	if (nkeys <= 0)
727 		fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
728 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
729 		key_write(keys[i], stdout);
730 		key_free(keys[i]);
731 		fprintf(stdout, "\n");
732 	}
733 	xfree(keys);
734 	pkcs11_terminate();
735 	exit(0);
736 #else
737 	fatal("no pkcs11 support");
738 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
739 }
740 
741 static void
do_fingerprint(struct passwd * pw)742 do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
743 {
744 	FILE *f;
745 	Key *public;
746 	char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, line[16*1024], *fp, *ra;
747 	int i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1;
748 	enum fp_rep rep;
749 	enum fp_type fptype;
750 	struct stat st;
751 
752 	fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
753 	rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
754 
755 	if (!have_identity)
756 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
757 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
758 		perror(identity_file);
759 		exit(1);
760 	}
761 	public = key_load_public(identity_file, &comment);
762 	if (public != NULL) {
763 		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
764 		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
765 		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, comment,
766 		    key_type(public));
767 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
768 			printf("%s\n", ra);
769 		key_free(public);
770 		xfree(comment);
771 		xfree(ra);
772 		xfree(fp);
773 		exit(0);
774 	}
775 	if (comment) {
776 		xfree(comment);
777 		comment = NULL;
778 	}
779 
780 	if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
781 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
782 
783 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
784 		if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
785 			error("line %d too long: %.40s...",
786 			    num + 1, line);
787 			skip = 1;
788 			continue;
789 		}
790 		num++;
791 		if (skip) {
792 			skip = 0;
793 			continue;
794 		}
795 		*cp = '\0';
796 
797 		/* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
798 		for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
799 			;
800 		if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#')
801 			continue;
802 		i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10);
803 		if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) {
804 			int quoted = 0;
805 			comment = cp;
806 			for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' &&
807 			    *cp != '\t')); cp++) {
808 				if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
809 					cp++;	/* Skip both */
810 				else if (*cp == '"')
811 					quoted = !quoted;
812 			}
813 			if (!*cp)
814 				continue;
815 			*cp++ = '\0';
816 		}
817 		ep = cp;
818 		public = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
819 		if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
820 			cp = ep;
821 			key_free(public);
822 			public = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
823 			if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
824 				key_free(public);
825 				continue;
826 			}
827 		}
828 		comment = *cp ? cp : comment;
829 		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
830 		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
831 		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp,
832 		    comment ? comment : "no comment", key_type(public));
833 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
834 			printf("%s\n", ra);
835 		xfree(ra);
836 		xfree(fp);
837 		key_free(public);
838 		invalid = 0;
839 	}
840 	fclose(f);
841 
842 	if (invalid) {
843 		printf("%s is not a public key file.\n", identity_file);
844 		exit(1);
845 	}
846 	exit(0);
847 }
848 
849 static void
do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd * pw)850 do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw)
851 {
852 	struct {
853 		char *key_type;
854 		char *key_type_display;
855 		char *path;
856 	} key_types[] = {
857 		{ "rsa1", "RSA1", _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE },
858 		{ "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
859 		{ "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
860 		{ "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
861 		{ NULL, NULL, NULL }
862 	};
863 
864 	int first = 0;
865 	struct stat st;
866 	Key *private, *public;
867 	char comment[1024];
868 	int i, type, fd;
869 	FILE *f;
870 
871 	for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
872 		if (stat(key_types[i].path, &st) == 0)
873 			continue;
874 		if (errno != ENOENT) {
875 			printf("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path,
876 			    strerror(errno));
877 			first = 0;
878 			continue;
879 		}
880 
881 		if (first == 0) {
882 			first = 1;
883 			printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname);
884 		}
885 		printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
886 		fflush(stdout);
887 		arc4random_stir();
888 		type = key_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
889 		strlcpy(identity_file, key_types[i].path, sizeof(identity_file));
890 		bits = 0;
891 		type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
892 		private = key_generate(type, bits);
893 		if (private == NULL) {
894 			fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
895 			first = 0;
896 			continue;
897 		}
898 		public  = key_from_private(private);
899 		snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
900 		    hostname);
901 		if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, "", comment)) {
902 			printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
903 			key_free(private);
904 			key_free(public);
905 			first = 0;
906 			continue;
907 		}
908 		key_free(private);
909 		arc4random_stir();
910 		strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
911 		fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
912 		if (fd == -1) {
913 			printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n",
914 			    identity_file);
915 			key_free(public);
916 			first = 0;
917 			continue;
918 		}
919 		f = fdopen(fd, "w");
920 		if (f == NULL) {
921 			printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
922 			key_free(public);
923 			first = 0;
924 			continue;
925 		}
926 		if (!key_write(public, f)) {
927 			fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
928 			key_free(public);
929 			first = 0;
930 			continue;
931 		}
932 		fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
933 		fclose(f);
934 		key_free(public);
935 
936 	}
937 	if (first != 0)
938 		printf("\n");
939 }
940 
941 static void
printhost(FILE * f,const char * name,Key * public,int ca,int hash)942 printhost(FILE *f, const char *name, Key *public, int ca, int hash)
943 {
944 	if (print_fingerprint) {
945 		enum fp_rep rep;
946 		enum fp_type fptype;
947 		char *fp, *ra;
948 
949 		fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
950 		rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
951 		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
952 		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
953 		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, name,
954 		    key_type(public));
955 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
956 			printf("%s\n", ra);
957 		xfree(ra);
958 		xfree(fp);
959 	} else {
960 		if (hash && (name = host_hash(name, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
961 			fatal("hash_host failed");
962 		fprintf(f, "%s%s%s ", ca ? CA_MARKER : "", ca ? " " : "", name);
963 		if (!key_write(public, f))
964 			fatal("key_write failed");
965 		fprintf(f, "\n");
966 	}
967 }
968 
969 static void
do_known_hosts(struct passwd * pw,const char * name)970 do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name)
971 {
972 	FILE *in, *out = stdout;
973 	Key *pub;
974 	char *cp, *cp2, *kp, *kp2;
975 	char line[16*1024], tmp[MAXPATHLEN], old[MAXPATHLEN];
976 	int c, skip = 0, inplace = 0, num = 0, invalid = 0, has_unhashed = 0;
977 	int ca;
978 
979 	if (!have_identity) {
980 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
981 		if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
982 		    sizeof(identity_file))
983 			fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
984 		xfree(cp);
985 		have_identity = 1;
986 	}
987 	if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
988 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
989 
990 	/*
991 	 * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
992 	 * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout
993 	 */
994 	if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) {
995 		if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
996 		    strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
997 		    strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) ||
998 		    strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
999 			fatal("known_hosts path too long");
1000 		umask(077);
1001 		if ((c = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
1002 			fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
1003 		if ((out = fdopen(c, "w")) == NULL) {
1004 			c = errno;
1005 			unlink(tmp);
1006 			fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(c));
1007 		}
1008 		inplace = 1;
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) {
1012 		if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
1013 			error("line %d too long: %.40s...", num + 1, line);
1014 			skip = 1;
1015 			invalid = 1;
1016 			continue;
1017 		}
1018 		num++;
1019 		if (skip) {
1020 			skip = 0;
1021 			continue;
1022 		}
1023 		*cp = '\0';
1024 
1025 		/* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
1026 		for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1027 			;
1028 		if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') {
1029 			if (inplace)
1030 				fprintf(out, "%s\n", cp);
1031 			continue;
1032 		}
1033 		/* Check whether this is a CA key */
1034 		if (strncasecmp(cp, CA_MARKER, sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1) == 0 &&
1035 		    (cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == ' ' ||
1036 		    cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == '\t')) {
1037 			ca = 1;
1038 			cp += sizeof(CA_MARKER);
1039 		} else
1040 			ca = 0;
1041 
1042 		/* Find the end of the host name portion. */
1043 		for (kp = cp; *kp && *kp != ' ' && *kp != '\t'; kp++)
1044 			;
1045 
1046 		if (*kp == '\0' || *(kp + 1) == '\0') {
1047 			error("line %d missing key: %.40s...",
1048 			    num, line);
1049 			invalid = 1;
1050 			continue;
1051 		}
1052 		*kp++ = '\0';
1053 		kp2 = kp;
1054 
1055 		pub = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
1056 		if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
1057 			kp = kp2;
1058 			key_free(pub);
1059 			pub = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
1060 			if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
1061 				error("line %d invalid key: %.40s...",
1062 				    num, line);
1063 				key_free(pub);
1064 				invalid = 1;
1065 				continue;
1066 			}
1067 		}
1068 
1069 		if (*cp == HASH_DELIM) {
1070 			if (find_host || delete_host) {
1071 				cp2 = host_hash(name, cp, strlen(cp));
1072 				if (cp2 == NULL) {
1073 					error("line %d: invalid hashed "
1074 					    "name: %.64s...", num, line);
1075 					invalid = 1;
1076 					continue;
1077 				}
1078 				c = (strcmp(cp2, cp) == 0);
1079 				if (find_host && c) {
1080 					printf("# Host %s found: "
1081 					    "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
1082 					    num, key_type(pub),
1083 					    ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
1084 					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1085 				}
1086 				if (delete_host && !c && !ca)
1087 					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1088 			} else if (hash_hosts)
1089 				printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1090 		} else {
1091 			if (find_host || delete_host) {
1092 				c = (match_hostname(name, cp,
1093 				    strlen(cp)) == 1);
1094 				if (find_host && c) {
1095 					printf("# Host %s found: "
1096 					    "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
1097 					    num, key_type(pub),
1098 					    ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
1099 					printhost(out, name, pub,
1100 					    ca, hash_hosts && !ca);
1101 				}
1102 				if (delete_host && !c && !ca)
1103 					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1104 			} else if (hash_hosts) {
1105 				for (cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",");
1106 				    cp2 != NULL && *cp2 != '\0';
1107 				    cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",")) {
1108 					if (ca) {
1109 						fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
1110 						    "ignoring CA key for host: "
1111 						    "%.64s\n", cp2);
1112 						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
1113 					} else if (strcspn(cp2, "*?!") !=
1114 					    strlen(cp2)) {
1115 						fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
1116 						    "ignoring host name with "
1117 						    "metacharacters: %.64s\n",
1118 						    cp2);
1119 						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
1120 					} else
1121 						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 1);
1122 				}
1123 				has_unhashed = 1;
1124 			}
1125 		}
1126 		key_free(pub);
1127 	}
1128 	fclose(in);
1129 
1130 	if (invalid) {
1131 		fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a valid known_hosts file.\n",
1132 		    identity_file);
1133 		if (inplace) {
1134 			fprintf(stderr, "Not replacing existing known_hosts "
1135 			    "file because of errors\n");
1136 			fclose(out);
1137 			unlink(tmp);
1138 		}
1139 		exit(1);
1140 	}
1141 
1142 	if (inplace) {
1143 		fclose(out);
1144 
1145 		/* Backup existing file */
1146 		if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
1147 			fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
1148 		if (link(identity_file, old) == -1)
1149 			fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old,
1150 			    strerror(errno));
1151 		/* Move new one into place */
1152 		if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) {
1153 			error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file,
1154 			    strerror(errno));
1155 			unlink(tmp);
1156 			unlink(old);
1157 			exit(1);
1158 		}
1159 
1160 		fprintf(stderr, "%s updated.\n", identity_file);
1161 		fprintf(stderr, "Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
1162 		if (has_unhashed) {
1163 			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: %s contains unhashed "
1164 			    "entries\n", old);
1165 			fprintf(stderr, "Delete this file to ensure privacy "
1166 			    "of hostnames\n");
1167 		}
1168 	}
1169 
1170 	exit(0);
1171 }
1172 
1173 /*
1174  * Perform changing a passphrase.  The argument is the passwd structure
1175  * for the current user.
1176  */
1177 static void
do_change_passphrase(struct passwd * pw)1178 do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw)
1179 {
1180 	char *comment;
1181 	char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
1182 	struct stat st;
1183 	Key *private;
1184 
1185 	if (!have_identity)
1186 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1187 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
1188 		perror(identity_file);
1189 		exit(1);
1190 	}
1191 	/* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
1192 	private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
1193 	if (private == NULL) {
1194 		if (identity_passphrase)
1195 			old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1196 		else
1197 			old_passphrase =
1198 			    read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
1199 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1200 		private = key_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
1201 		    &comment);
1202 		memset(old_passphrase, 0, strlen(old_passphrase));
1203 		xfree(old_passphrase);
1204 		if (private == NULL) {
1205 			printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
1206 			exit(1);
1207 		}
1208 	}
1209 	printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1210 
1211 	/* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
1212 	if (identity_new_passphrase) {
1213 		passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1214 		passphrase2 = NULL;
1215 	} else {
1216 		passphrase1 =
1217 			read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no "
1218 			    "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1219 		passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
1220 		    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1221 
1222 		/* Verify that they are the same. */
1223 		if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
1224 			memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1225 			memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
1226 			xfree(passphrase1);
1227 			xfree(passphrase2);
1228 			printf("Pass phrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
1229 			exit(1);
1230 		}
1231 		/* Destroy the other copy. */
1232 		memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
1233 		xfree(passphrase2);
1234 	}
1235 
1236 	/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1237 	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
1238 		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
1239 		memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1240 		xfree(passphrase1);
1241 		key_free(private);
1242 		xfree(comment);
1243 		exit(1);
1244 	}
1245 	/* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
1246 	memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1247 	xfree(passphrase1);
1248 	key_free(private);		 /* Destroys contents */
1249 	xfree(comment);
1250 
1251 	printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
1252 	exit(0);
1253 }
1254 
1255 /*
1256  * Print the SSHFP RR.
1257  */
1258 static int
do_print_resource_record(struct passwd * pw,char * fname,char * hname)1259 do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname)
1260 {
1261 	Key *public;
1262 	char *comment = NULL;
1263 	struct stat st;
1264 
1265 	if (fname == NULL)
1266 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1267 	if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) {
1268 		if (errno == ENOENT)
1269 			return 0;
1270 		perror(fname);
1271 		exit(1);
1272 	}
1273 	public = key_load_public(fname, &comment);
1274 	if (public != NULL) {
1275 		export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
1276 		key_free(public);
1277 		xfree(comment);
1278 		return 1;
1279 	}
1280 	if (comment)
1281 		xfree(comment);
1282 
1283 	printf("failed to read v2 public key from %s.\n", fname);
1284 	exit(1);
1285 }
1286 
1287 /*
1288  * Change the comment of a private key file.
1289  */
1290 static void
do_change_comment(struct passwd * pw)1291 do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw)
1292 {
1293 	char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
1294 	Key *private;
1295 	Key *public;
1296 	struct stat st;
1297 	FILE *f;
1298 	int fd;
1299 
1300 	if (!have_identity)
1301 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1302 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
1303 		perror(identity_file);
1304 		exit(1);
1305 	}
1306 	private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
1307 	if (private == NULL) {
1308 		if (identity_passphrase)
1309 			passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1310 		else if (identity_new_passphrase)
1311 			passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1312 		else
1313 			passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
1314 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1315 		/* Try to load using the passphrase. */
1316 		private = key_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &comment);
1317 		if (private == NULL) {
1318 			memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1319 			xfree(passphrase);
1320 			printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
1321 			exit(1);
1322 		}
1323 	} else {
1324 		passphrase = xstrdup("");
1325 	}
1326 	if (private->type != KEY_RSA1) {
1327 		fprintf(stderr, "Comments are only supported for RSA1 keys.\n");
1328 		key_free(private);
1329 		exit(1);
1330 	}
1331 	printf("Key now has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1332 
1333 	if (identity_comment) {
1334 		strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment));
1335 	} else {
1336 		printf("Enter new comment: ");
1337 		fflush(stdout);
1338 		if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
1339 			memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1340 			key_free(private);
1341 			exit(1);
1342 		}
1343 		new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
1344 	}
1345 
1346 	/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1347 	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment)) {
1348 		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
1349 		memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1350 		xfree(passphrase);
1351 		key_free(private);
1352 		xfree(comment);
1353 		exit(1);
1354 	}
1355 	memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1356 	xfree(passphrase);
1357 	public = key_from_private(private);
1358 	key_free(private);
1359 
1360 	strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
1361 	fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
1362 	if (fd == -1) {
1363 		printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file);
1364 		exit(1);
1365 	}
1366 	f = fdopen(fd, "w");
1367 	if (f == NULL) {
1368 		printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
1369 		exit(1);
1370 	}
1371 	if (!key_write(public, f))
1372 		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
1373 	key_free(public);
1374 	fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment);
1375 	fclose(f);
1376 
1377 	xfree(comment);
1378 
1379 	printf("The comment in your key file has been changed.\n");
1380 	exit(0);
1381 }
1382 
1383 static const char *
fmt_validity(u_int64_t valid_from,u_int64_t valid_to)1384 fmt_validity(u_int64_t valid_from, u_int64_t valid_to)
1385 {
1386 	char from[32], to[32];
1387 	static char ret[64];
1388 	time_t tt;
1389 	struct tm *tm;
1390 
1391 	*from = *to = '\0';
1392 	if (valid_from == 0 && valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
1393 		return "forever";
1394 
1395 	if (valid_from != 0) {
1396 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1397 		tt = valid_from > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_from;
1398 		tm = localtime(&tt);
1399 		strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1400 	}
1401 	if (valid_to != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1402 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1403 		tt = valid_to > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_to;
1404 		tm = localtime(&tt);
1405 		strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1406 	}
1407 
1408 	if (valid_from == 0) {
1409 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to);
1410 		return ret;
1411 	}
1412 	if (valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1413 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from);
1414 		return ret;
1415 	}
1416 
1417 	snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to);
1418 	return ret;
1419 }
1420 
1421 static void
add_flag_option(Buffer * c,const char * name)1422 add_flag_option(Buffer *c, const char *name)
1423 {
1424 	debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name);
1425 	buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
1426 	buffer_put_string(c, NULL, 0);
1427 }
1428 
1429 static void
add_string_option(Buffer * c,const char * name,const char * value)1430 add_string_option(Buffer *c, const char *name, const char *value)
1431 {
1432 	Buffer b;
1433 
1434 	debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value);
1435 	buffer_init(&b);
1436 	buffer_put_cstring(&b, value);
1437 
1438 	buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
1439 	buffer_put_string(c, buffer_ptr(&b), buffer_len(&b));
1440 
1441 	buffer_free(&b);
1442 }
1443 
1444 #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL	1
1445 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS	2
1446 static void
prepare_options_buf(Buffer * c,int which)1447 prepare_options_buf(Buffer *c, int which)
1448 {
1449 	buffer_clear(c);
1450 	if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1451 	    certflags_command != NULL)
1452 		add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command);
1453 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1454 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0)
1455 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding");
1456 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1457 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0)
1458 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding");
1459 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1460 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0)
1461 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding");
1462 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1463 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0)
1464 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty");
1465 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1466 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0)
1467 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc");
1468 	if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1469 	    certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1470 		add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr);
1471 }
1472 
1473 static Key *
load_pkcs11_key(char * path)1474 load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
1475 {
1476 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1477 	Key **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
1478 	int i, nkeys;
1479 
1480 	if ((public = key_load_public(path, NULL)) == NULL)
1481 		fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path);
1482 
1483 	nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys);
1484 	debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys);
1485 	if (nkeys <= 0)
1486 		fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
1487 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1488 		if (key_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
1489 			private = keys[i];
1490 			continue;
1491 		}
1492 		key_free(keys[i]);
1493 	}
1494 	xfree(keys);
1495 	key_free(public);
1496 	return private;
1497 #else
1498 	fatal("no pkcs11 support");
1499 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1500 }
1501 
1502 static void
do_ca_sign(struct passwd * pw,int argc,char ** argv)1503 do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
1504 {
1505 	int i, fd;
1506 	u_int n;
1507 	Key *ca, *public;
1508 	char *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL;
1509 	FILE *f;
1510 	int v00 = 0; /* legacy keys */
1511 
1512 	if (key_type_name != NULL) {
1513 		switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
1514 		case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
1515 		case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
1516 			v00 = 1;
1517 			break;
1518 		case KEY_UNSPEC:
1519 			if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v00") == 0) {
1520 				v00 = 1;
1521 				break;
1522 			} else if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v01") == 0)
1523 				break;
1524 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1525 		default:
1526 			fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
1527 			exit(1);
1528 		}
1529 	}
1530 
1531 	pkcs11_init(1);
1532 	tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
1533 	if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
1534 		if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
1535 			fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
1536 	} else if ((ca = load_identity(tmp)) == NULL)
1537 		fatal("Couldn't load CA key \"%s\"", tmp);
1538 	xfree(tmp);
1539 
1540 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1541 		/* Split list of principals */
1542 		n = 0;
1543 		if (cert_principals != NULL) {
1544 			otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals);
1545 			plist = NULL;
1546 			for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) {
1547 				plist = xrealloc(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist));
1548 				if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
1549 					fatal("Empty principal name");
1550 			}
1551 			xfree(otmp);
1552 		}
1553 
1554 		tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
1555 		if ((public = key_load_public(tmp, &comment)) == NULL)
1556 			fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\"", __func__, tmp);
1557 		if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA &&
1558 		    public->type != KEY_ECDSA)
1559 			fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
1560 			    __func__, tmp, key_type(public));
1561 
1562 		/* Prepare certificate to sign */
1563 		if (key_to_certified(public, v00) != 0)
1564 			fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp);
1565 		public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
1566 		public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
1567 		public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
1568 		public->cert->nprincipals = n;
1569 		public->cert->principals = plist;
1570 		public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
1571 		public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
1572 		if (v00) {
1573 			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
1574 			    OPTIONS_CRITICAL|OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1575 		} else {
1576 			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
1577 			    OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
1578 			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->extensions,
1579 			    OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1580 		}
1581 		public->cert->signature_key = key_from_private(ca);
1582 
1583 		if (key_certify(public, ca) != 0)
1584 			fatal("Couldn't not certify key %s", tmp);
1585 
1586 		if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
1587 			*cp = '\0';
1588 		xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
1589 		xfree(tmp);
1590 
1591 		if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
1592 			fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out,
1593 			    strerror(errno));
1594 		if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
1595 			fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1596 		if (!key_write(public, f))
1597 			fatal("Could not write certified key to %s", out);
1598 		fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
1599 		fclose(f);
1600 
1601 		if (!quiet) {
1602 			logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
1603 			    "valid %s", key_cert_type(public),
1604 			    out, public->cert->key_id,
1605 			    (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
1606 			    cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
1607 			    cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "",
1608 			    fmt_validity(cert_valid_from, cert_valid_to));
1609 		}
1610 
1611 		key_free(public);
1612 		xfree(out);
1613 	}
1614 	pkcs11_terminate();
1615 	exit(0);
1616 }
1617 
1618 static u_int64_t
parse_relative_time(const char * s,time_t now)1619 parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now)
1620 {
1621 	int64_t mul, secs;
1622 
1623 	mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1;
1624 
1625 	if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1)
1626 		fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s);
1627 	if (mul == -1 && secs > now)
1628 		fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1629 	return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul);
1630 }
1631 
1632 static u_int64_t
parse_absolute_time(const char * s)1633 parse_absolute_time(const char *s)
1634 {
1635 	struct tm tm;
1636 	time_t tt;
1637 	char buf[32], *fmt;
1638 
1639 	/*
1640 	 * POSIX strptime says "The application shall ensure that there
1641 	 * is white-space or other non-alphanumeric characters between
1642 	 * any two conversion specifications" so arrange things this way.
1643 	 */
1644 	switch (strlen(s)) {
1645 	case 8:
1646 		fmt = "%Y-%m-%d";
1647 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6);
1648 		break;
1649 	case 14:
1650 		fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S";
1651 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s:%.2s",
1652 		    s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10, s + 12);
1653 		break;
1654 	default:
1655 		fatal("Invalid certificate time format %s", s);
1656 	}
1657 
1658 	bzero(&tm, sizeof(tm));
1659 	if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL)
1660 		fatal("Invalid certificate time %s", s);
1661 	if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0)
1662 		fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1663 	return (u_int64_t)tt;
1664 }
1665 
1666 static void
parse_cert_times(char * timespec)1667 parse_cert_times(char *timespec)
1668 {
1669 	char *from, *to;
1670 	time_t now = time(NULL);
1671 	int64_t secs;
1672 
1673 	/* +timespec relative to now */
1674 	if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) {
1675 		if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1)
1676 			fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec);
1677 		cert_valid_to = now + secs;
1678 		/*
1679 		 * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts
1680 		 * with poorly-synchronised clocks.
1681 		 */
1682 		cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60;
1683 		return;
1684 	}
1685 
1686 	/*
1687 	 * from:to, where
1688 	 * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1689 	 *   to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1690 	 */
1691 	from = xstrdup(timespec);
1692 	to = strchr(from, ':');
1693 	if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0')
1694 		fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec);
1695 	*to++ = '\0';
1696 
1697 	if (*from == '-' || *from == '+')
1698 		cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now);
1699 	else
1700 		cert_valid_from = parse_absolute_time(from);
1701 
1702 	if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
1703 		cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, cert_valid_from);
1704 	else
1705 		cert_valid_to = parse_absolute_time(to);
1706 
1707 	if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
1708 		fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
1709 	xfree(from);
1710 }
1711 
1712 static void
add_cert_option(char * opt)1713 add_cert_option(char *opt)
1714 {
1715 	char *val;
1716 
1717 	if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0)
1718 		certflags_flags = 0;
1719 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1720 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1721 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1722 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1723 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1724 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1725 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1726 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1727 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0)
1728 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1729 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0)
1730 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1731 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0)
1732 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY;
1733 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0)
1734 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY;
1735 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0)
1736 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1737 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0)
1738 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1739 	else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) {
1740 		val = opt + 14;
1741 		if (*val == '\0')
1742 			fatal("Empty force-command option");
1743 		if (certflags_command != NULL)
1744 			fatal("force-command already specified");
1745 		certflags_command = xstrdup(val);
1746 	} else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) {
1747 		val = opt + 15;
1748 		if (*val == '\0')
1749 			fatal("Empty source-address option");
1750 		if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1751 			fatal("source-address already specified");
1752 		if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0)
1753 			fatal("Invalid source-address list");
1754 		certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val);
1755 	} else
1756 		fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt);
1757 }
1758 
1759 static void
show_options(const Buffer * optbuf,int v00,int in_critical)1760 show_options(const Buffer *optbuf, int v00, int in_critical)
1761 {
1762 	u_char *name, *data;
1763 	u_int dlen;
1764 	Buffer options, option;
1765 
1766 	buffer_init(&options);
1767 	buffer_append(&options, buffer_ptr(optbuf), buffer_len(optbuf));
1768 
1769 	buffer_init(&option);
1770 	while (buffer_len(&options) != 0) {
1771 		name = buffer_get_string(&options, NULL);
1772 		data = buffer_get_string_ptr(&options, &dlen);
1773 		buffer_append(&option, data, dlen);
1774 		printf("                %s", name);
1775 		if ((v00 || !in_critical) &&
1776 		    (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
1777 		    strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 ||
1778 		    strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 ||
1779 		    strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 ||
1780 		    strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0))
1781 			printf("\n");
1782 		else if ((v00 || in_critical) &&
1783 		    (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
1784 		    strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
1785 			data = buffer_get_string(&option, NULL);
1786 			printf(" %s\n", data);
1787 			xfree(data);
1788 		} else {
1789 			printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %u)\n",
1790 			    buffer_len(&option));
1791 			buffer_clear(&option);
1792 		}
1793 		xfree(name);
1794 		if (buffer_len(&option) != 0)
1795 			fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
1796 	}
1797 	buffer_free(&option);
1798 	buffer_free(&options);
1799 }
1800 
1801 static void
do_show_cert(struct passwd * pw)1802 do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
1803 {
1804 	Key *key;
1805 	struct stat st;
1806 	char *key_fp, *ca_fp;
1807 	u_int i, v00;
1808 
1809 	if (!have_identity)
1810 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1811 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
1812 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
1813 	if ((key = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL)
1814 		fatal("%s is not a public key", identity_file);
1815 	if (!key_is_cert(key))
1816 		fatal("%s is not a certificate", identity_file);
1817 	v00 = key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT_V00 || key->type == KEY_DSA_CERT_V00;
1818 
1819 	key_fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1820 	ca_fp = key_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
1821 	    SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1822 
1823 	printf("%s:\n", identity_file);
1824 	printf("        Type: %s %s certificate\n", key_ssh_name(key),
1825 	    key_cert_type(key));
1826 	printf("        Public key: %s %s\n", key_type(key), key_fp);
1827 	printf("        Signing CA: %s %s\n",
1828 	    key_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp);
1829 	printf("        Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
1830 	if (!v00) {
1831 		printf("        Serial: %llu\n",
1832 		    (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial);
1833 	}
1834 	printf("        Valid: %s\n",
1835 	    fmt_validity(key->cert->valid_after, key->cert->valid_before));
1836 	printf("        Principals: ");
1837 	if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0)
1838 		printf("(none)\n");
1839 	else {
1840 		for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++)
1841 			printf("\n                %s",
1842 			    key->cert->principals[i]);
1843 		printf("\n");
1844 	}
1845 	printf("        Critical Options: ");
1846 	if (buffer_len(&key->cert->critical) == 0)
1847 		printf("(none)\n");
1848 	else {
1849 		printf("\n");
1850 		show_options(&key->cert->critical, v00, 1);
1851 	}
1852 	if (!v00) {
1853 		printf("        Extensions: ");
1854 		if (buffer_len(&key->cert->extensions) == 0)
1855 			printf("(none)\n");
1856 		else {
1857 			printf("\n");
1858 			show_options(&key->cert->extensions, v00, 0);
1859 		}
1860 	}
1861 	exit(0);
1862 }
1863 
1864 static void
usage(void)1865 usage(void)
1866 {
1867 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", __progname);
1868 	fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
1869 	fprintf(stderr, "  -A          Generate non-existent host keys for all key types.\n");
1870 	fprintf(stderr, "  -a trials   Number of trials for screening DH-GEX moduli.\n");
1871 	fprintf(stderr, "  -B          Show bubblebabble digest of key file.\n");
1872 	fprintf(stderr, "  -b bits     Number of bits in the key to create.\n");
1873 	fprintf(stderr, "  -C comment  Provide new comment.\n");
1874 	fprintf(stderr, "  -c          Change comment in private and public key files.\n");
1875 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1876 	fprintf(stderr, "  -D pkcs11   Download public key from pkcs11 token.\n");
1877 #endif
1878 	fprintf(stderr, "  -e          Export OpenSSH to foreign format key file.\n");
1879 	fprintf(stderr, "  -F hostname Find hostname in known hosts file.\n");
1880 	fprintf(stderr, "  -f filename Filename of the key file.\n");
1881 	fprintf(stderr, "  -G file     Generate candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
1882 	fprintf(stderr, "  -g          Use generic DNS resource record format.\n");
1883 	fprintf(stderr, "  -H          Hash names in known_hosts file.\n");
1884 	fprintf(stderr, "  -h          Generate host certificate instead of a user certificate.\n");
1885 	fprintf(stderr, "  -I key_id   Key identifier to include in certificate.\n");
1886 	fprintf(stderr, "  -i          Import foreign format to OpenSSH key file.\n");
1887 	fprintf(stderr, "  -L          Print the contents of a certificate.\n");
1888 	fprintf(stderr, "  -l          Show fingerprint of key file.\n");
1889 	fprintf(stderr, "  -M memory   Amount of memory (MB) to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
1890 	fprintf(stderr, "  -m key_fmt  Conversion format for -e/-i (PEM|PKCS8|RFC4716).\n");
1891 	fprintf(stderr, "  -N phrase   Provide new passphrase.\n");
1892 	fprintf(stderr, "  -n name,... User/host principal names to include in certificate\n");
1893 	fprintf(stderr, "  -O option   Specify a certificate option.\n");
1894 	fprintf(stderr, "  -P phrase   Provide old passphrase.\n");
1895 	fprintf(stderr, "  -p          Change passphrase of private key file.\n");
1896 	fprintf(stderr, "  -q          Quiet.\n");
1897 	fprintf(stderr, "  -R hostname Remove host from known_hosts file.\n");
1898 	fprintf(stderr, "  -r hostname Print DNS resource record.\n");
1899 	fprintf(stderr, "  -S start    Start point (hex) for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
1900 	fprintf(stderr, "  -s ca_key   Certify keys with CA key.\n");
1901 	fprintf(stderr, "  -T file     Screen candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
1902 	fprintf(stderr, "  -t type     Specify type of key to create.\n");
1903 	fprintf(stderr, "  -V from:to  Specify certificate validity interval.\n");
1904 	fprintf(stderr, "  -v          Verbose.\n");
1905 	fprintf(stderr, "  -W gen      Generator to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
1906 	fprintf(stderr, "  -y          Read private key file and print public key.\n");
1907 	fprintf(stderr, "  -z serial   Specify a serial number.\n");
1908 
1909 	exit(1);
1910 }
1911 
1912 /*
1913  * Main program for key management.
1914  */
1915 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)1916 main(int argc, char **argv)
1917 {
1918 	char dotsshdir[MAXPATHLEN], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
1919 	char out_file[MAXPATHLEN], *rr_hostname = NULL;
1920 	Key *private, *public;
1921 	struct passwd *pw;
1922 	struct stat st;
1923 	int opt, type, fd;
1924 	u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0, trials = 100;
1925 	int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0;
1926 	int gen_all_hostkeys = 0;
1927 	BIGNUM *start = NULL;
1928 	FILE *f;
1929 	const char *errstr;
1930 
1931 	extern int optind;
1932 	extern char *optarg;
1933 
1934 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
1935 	sanitise_stdfd();
1936 
1937 	__progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
1938 
1939 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1940 	log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
1941 
1942 	seed_rng();
1943 
1944 	/* we need this for the home * directory.  */
1945 	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
1946 	if (!pw) {
1947 		printf("You don't exist, go away!\n");
1948 		exit(1);
1949 	}
1950 	if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0) {
1951 		perror("gethostname");
1952 		exit(1);
1953 	}
1954 
1955 	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "AegiqpclBHLhvxXyF:b:f:t:D:I:P:m:N:n:"
1956 	    "O:C:r:g:R:T:G:M:S:s:a:V:W:z:")) != -1) {
1957 		switch (opt) {
1958 		case 'A':
1959 			gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
1960 			break;
1961 		case 'b':
1962 			bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 256, 32768, &errstr);
1963 			if (errstr)
1964 				fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
1965 					optarg, errstr);
1966 			break;
1967 		case 'F':
1968 			find_host = 1;
1969 			rr_hostname = optarg;
1970 			break;
1971 		case 'H':
1972 			hash_hosts = 1;
1973 			break;
1974 		case 'I':
1975 			cert_key_id = optarg;
1976 			break;
1977 		case 'R':
1978 			delete_host = 1;
1979 			rr_hostname = optarg;
1980 			break;
1981 		case 'L':
1982 			show_cert = 1;
1983 			break;
1984 		case 'l':
1985 			print_fingerprint = 1;
1986 			break;
1987 		case 'B':
1988 			print_bubblebabble = 1;
1989 			break;
1990 		case 'm':
1991 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 ||
1992 			    strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) {
1993 				convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
1994 				break;
1995 			}
1996 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) {
1997 				convert_format = FMT_PKCS8;
1998 				break;
1999 			}
2000 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) {
2001 				convert_format = FMT_PEM;
2002 				break;
2003 			}
2004 			fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg);
2005 		case 'n':
2006 			cert_principals = optarg;
2007 			break;
2008 		case 'p':
2009 			change_passphrase = 1;
2010 			break;
2011 		case 'c':
2012 			change_comment = 1;
2013 			break;
2014 		case 'f':
2015 			if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
2016 			    sizeof(identity_file))
2017 				fatal("Identity filename too long");
2018 			have_identity = 1;
2019 			break;
2020 		case 'g':
2021 			print_generic = 1;
2022 			break;
2023 		case 'P':
2024 			identity_passphrase = optarg;
2025 			break;
2026 		case 'N':
2027 			identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
2028 			break;
2029 		case 'O':
2030 			add_cert_option(optarg);
2031 			break;
2032 		case 'C':
2033 			identity_comment = optarg;
2034 			break;
2035 		case 'q':
2036 			quiet = 1;
2037 			break;
2038 		case 'e':
2039 		case 'x':
2040 			/* export key */
2041 			convert_to = 1;
2042 			break;
2043 		case 'h':
2044 			cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
2045 			certflags_flags = 0;
2046 			break;
2047 		case 'i':
2048 		case 'X':
2049 			/* import key */
2050 			convert_from = 1;
2051 			break;
2052 		case 'y':
2053 			print_public = 1;
2054 			break;
2055 		case 's':
2056 			ca_key_path = optarg;
2057 			break;
2058 		case 't':
2059 			key_type_name = optarg;
2060 			break;
2061 		case 'D':
2062 			pkcs11provider = optarg;
2063 			break;
2064 		case 'v':
2065 			if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
2066 				log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
2067 			else {
2068 				if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 &&
2069 				    log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
2070 					log_level++;
2071 			}
2072 			break;
2073 		case 'r':
2074 			rr_hostname = optarg;
2075 			break;
2076 		case 'W':
2077 			generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1,
2078 			    UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2079 			if (errstr)
2080 				fatal("Desired generator has bad value: %s (%s)",
2081 					optarg, errstr);
2082 			break;
2083 		case 'a':
2084 			trials = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2085 			if (errstr)
2086 				fatal("Invalid number of trials: %s (%s)",
2087 					optarg, errstr);
2088 			break;
2089 		case 'M':
2090 			memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2091 			if (errstr)
2092 				fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
2093 			break;
2094 		case 'G':
2095 			do_gen_candidates = 1;
2096 			if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2097 			    sizeof(out_file))
2098 				fatal("Output filename too long");
2099 			break;
2100 		case 'T':
2101 			do_screen_candidates = 1;
2102 			if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2103 			    sizeof(out_file))
2104 				fatal("Output filename too long");
2105 			break;
2106 		case 'S':
2107 			/* XXX - also compare length against bits */
2108 			if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0)
2109 				fatal("Invalid start point.");
2110 			break;
2111 		case 'V':
2112 			parse_cert_times(optarg);
2113 			break;
2114 		case 'z':
2115 			cert_serial = strtonum(optarg, 0, LLONG_MAX, &errstr);
2116 			if (errstr)
2117 				fatal("Invalid serial number: %s", errstr);
2118 			break;
2119 		case '?':
2120 		default:
2121 			usage();
2122 		}
2123 	}
2124 
2125 	/* reinit */
2126 	log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2127 
2128 	argv += optind;
2129 	argc -= optind;
2130 
2131 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2132 		if (argc < 1) {
2133 			printf("Too few arguments.\n");
2134 			usage();
2135 		}
2136 	} else if (argc > 0) {
2137 		printf("Too many arguments.\n");
2138 		usage();
2139 	}
2140 	if (change_passphrase && change_comment) {
2141 		printf("Can only have one of -p and -c.\n");
2142 		usage();
2143 	}
2144 	if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
2145 		printf("Cannot use -l with -D or -R.\n");
2146 		usage();
2147 	}
2148 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2149 		if (cert_key_id == NULL)
2150 			fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
2151 		do_ca_sign(pw, argc, argv);
2152 	}
2153 	if (show_cert)
2154 		do_show_cert(pw);
2155 	if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host)
2156 		do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname);
2157 	if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
2158 		do_fingerprint(pw);
2159 	if (change_passphrase)
2160 		do_change_passphrase(pw);
2161 	if (change_comment)
2162 		do_change_comment(pw);
2163 	if (convert_to)
2164 		do_convert_to(pw);
2165 	if (convert_from)
2166 		do_convert_from(pw);
2167 	if (print_public)
2168 		do_print_public(pw);
2169 	if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
2170 		unsigned int n = 0;
2171 
2172 		if (have_identity) {
2173 			n = do_print_resource_record(pw,
2174 			    identity_file, rr_hostname);
2175 			if (n == 0) {
2176 				perror(identity_file);
2177 				exit(1);
2178 			}
2179 			exit(0);
2180 		} else {
2181 
2182 			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2183 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2184 			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2185 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2186 
2187 			if (n == 0)
2188 				fatal("no keys found.");
2189 			exit(0);
2190 		}
2191 	}
2192 	if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
2193 		do_download(pw);
2194 
2195 	if (do_gen_candidates) {
2196 		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
2197 
2198 		if (out == NULL) {
2199 			error("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s",
2200 			    out_file, strerror(errno));
2201 			return (1);
2202 		}
2203 		if (bits == 0)
2204 			bits = DEFAULT_BITS;
2205 		if (gen_candidates(out, memory, bits, start) != 0)
2206 			fatal("modulus candidate generation failed");
2207 
2208 		return (0);
2209 	}
2210 
2211 	if (do_screen_candidates) {
2212 		FILE *in;
2213 		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
2214 
2215 		if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
2216 			if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
2217 				fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate "
2218 				    "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file,
2219 				    strerror(errno));
2220 			}
2221 		} else
2222 			in = stdin;
2223 
2224 		if (out == NULL) {
2225 			fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
2226 			    out_file, strerror(errno));
2227 		}
2228 		if (prime_test(in, out, trials, generator_wanted) != 0)
2229 			fatal("modulus screening failed");
2230 		return (0);
2231 	}
2232 
2233 	if (gen_all_hostkeys) {
2234 		do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw);
2235 		return (0);
2236 	}
2237 
2238 	arc4random_stir();
2239 
2240 	if (key_type_name == NULL)
2241 		key_type_name = "rsa";
2242 
2243 	type = key_type_from_name(key_type_name);
2244 	type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
2245 
2246 	if (!quiet)
2247 		printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name);
2248 	private = key_generate(type, bits);
2249 	if (private == NULL) {
2250 		fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
2251 		exit(1);
2252 	}
2253 	public  = key_from_private(private);
2254 
2255 	if (!have_identity)
2256 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
2257 
2258 	/* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */
2259 	snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s",
2260 	    pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
2261 	if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) {
2262 		if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) < 0) {
2263 			if (errno != ENOENT) {
2264 				error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir,
2265 				    strerror(errno));
2266 			} else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) < 0) {
2267 				error("Could not create directory '%s': %s",
2268 				    dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
2269 			} else if (!quiet)
2270 				printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir);
2271 		}
2272 	}
2273 	/* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
2274 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) >= 0) {
2275 		char yesno[3];
2276 		printf("%s already exists.\n", identity_file);
2277 		printf("Overwrite (y/n)? ");
2278 		fflush(stdout);
2279 		if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL)
2280 			exit(1);
2281 		if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y')
2282 			exit(1);
2283 	}
2284 	/* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */
2285 	if (identity_passphrase)
2286 		passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
2287 	else if (identity_new_passphrase)
2288 		passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
2289 	else {
2290 passphrase_again:
2291 		passphrase1 =
2292 			read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no "
2293 			    "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2294 		passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
2295 		    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2296 		if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
2297 			/*
2298 			 * The passphrases do not match.  Clear them and
2299 			 * retry.
2300 			 */
2301 			memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2302 			memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
2303 			xfree(passphrase1);
2304 			xfree(passphrase2);
2305 			printf("Passphrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
2306 			goto passphrase_again;
2307 		}
2308 		/* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
2309 		memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
2310 		xfree(passphrase2);
2311 	}
2312 
2313 	if (identity_comment) {
2314 		strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment));
2315 	} else {
2316 		/* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */
2317 		snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname);
2318 	}
2319 
2320 	/* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
2321 	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
2322 		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
2323 		memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2324 		xfree(passphrase1);
2325 		exit(1);
2326 	}
2327 	/* Clear the passphrase. */
2328 	memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2329 	xfree(passphrase1);
2330 
2331 	/* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */
2332 	key_free(private);
2333 	arc4random_stir();
2334 
2335 	if (!quiet)
2336 		printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file);
2337 
2338 	strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
2339 	fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
2340 	if (fd == -1) {
2341 		printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file);
2342 		exit(1);
2343 	}
2344 	f = fdopen(fd, "w");
2345 	if (f == NULL) {
2346 		printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
2347 		exit(1);
2348 	}
2349 	if (!key_write(public, f))
2350 		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
2351 	fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
2352 	fclose(f);
2353 
2354 	if (!quiet) {
2355 		char *fp = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
2356 		char *ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5,
2357 		    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
2358 		printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n",
2359 		    identity_file);
2360 		printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
2361 		printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
2362 		printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
2363 		printf("%s\n", ra);
2364 		xfree(ra);
2365 		xfree(fp);
2366 	}
2367 
2368 	key_free(public);
2369 	exit(0);
2370 }
2371