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1 /*
2  *
3  *	Modified for AF_INET6 by Pedro Roque
4  *
5  *	<roque@di.fc.ul.pt>
6  *
7  *	Original copyright notice included bellow
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
12  * All rights reserved.
13  *
14  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
15  * Mike Muuss.
16  *
17  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
19  * are met:
20  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
26  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
27  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
28  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
29  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
30  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
31  *    without specific prior written permission.
32  *
33  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
34  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
35  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
36  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
37  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
38  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
39  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
41  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
42  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
43  * SUCH DAMAGE.
44  */
45 
46 #ifndef lint
47 char copyright[] =
48 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
49  All rights reserved.\n";
50 #endif /* not lint */
51 
52 /*
53  *			P I N G . C
54  *
55  * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
56  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
57  *
58  * Author -
59  *	Mike Muuss
60  *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
61  *	December, 1983
62  *
63  * Status -
64  *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
65  * Bugs -
66  *	More statistics could always be gathered.
67  *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
68  */
69 #include "ping_common.h"
70 
71 #include <linux/filter.h>
72 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
73 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
74 #include <resolv.h>
75 #ifndef WITHOUT_IFADDRS
76 #include <ifaddrs.h>
77 #endif
78 
79 #ifdef USE_IDN
80 #include <stringprep.h>
81 #endif
82 
83 #include "ping6_niquery.h"
84 #include "in6_flowlabel.h"
85 
86 #ifndef SOL_IPV6
87 #define SOL_IPV6 IPPROTO_IPV6
88 #endif
89 
90 #ifndef SOL_ICMPV6
91 #define SOL_ICMPV6 IPPROTO_ICMPV6
92 #endif
93 
94 /* RFC3542 */
95 #ifndef ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_BEYONDSCOPE
96 #define ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_BEYONDSCOPE ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOTNEIGHBOR
97 #endif
98 
99 #if defined(ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR) && !defined(ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR_RFC3542)
100 #ifndef IPV6_SRCRT_TYPE_0
101 #define IPV6_SRCRT_TYPE_0	0
102 #endif
103 #endif
104 
105 #ifndef MLD_LISTENER_QUERY
106 #define MLD_LISTENER_QUERY	130
107 #define MLD_LISTENER_REPORT	131
108 #define MLD_LISTENER_REDUCTION	132
109 #endif
110 
111 #define BIT_CLEAR(nr, addr) do { ((__u32 *)(addr))[(nr) >> 5] &= ~(1U << ((nr) & 31)); } while(0)
112 #define BIT_SET(nr, addr) do { ((__u32 *)(addr))[(nr) >> 5] |= (1U << ((nr) & 31)); } while(0)
113 #define BIT_TEST(nr, addr) do { (__u32 *)(addr))[(nr) >> 5] & (1U << ((nr) & 31)); } while(0)
114 
115 #ifndef ICMP6_FILTER_WILLPASS
116 #define ICMP6_FILTER_WILLPASS(type, filterp) \
117 	(BIT_TEST((type), filterp) == 0)
118 
119 #define ICMP6_FILTER_WILLBLOCK(type, filterp) \
120 	BIT_TEST((type), filterp)
121 
122 #define ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(type, filterp) \
123 	BIT_CLEAR((type), filterp)
124 
125 #define ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCK(type, filterp) \
126 	BIT_SET((type), filterp)
127 
128 #define ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASSALL(filterp) \
129 	memset(filterp, 0, sizeof(struct icmp6_filter));
130 
131 #define ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCKALL(filterp) \
132 	memset(filterp, 0xFF, sizeof(struct icmp6_filter));
133 #endif
134 
135 #define	MAXPACKET	128000		/* max packet size */
136 
137 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
138 #define HAVE_SIN6_SCOPEID 1
139 #endif
140 
141 #ifndef SCOPE_DELIMITER
142 # define SCOPE_DELIMITER '%'
143 #endif
144 
145 __u32 flowlabel;
146 __u32 tclass;
147 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
148 struct cmsghdr *srcrt;
149 #endif
150 
151 struct sockaddr_in6 whereto;	/* who to ping */
152 u_char outpack[MAXPACKET];
153 int maxpacket = sizeof(outpack);
154 
155 static unsigned char cmsgbuf[4096];
156 static int cmsglen = 0;
157 
158 static char * pr_addr(struct in6_addr *addr);
159 static char * pr_addr_n(struct in6_addr *addr);
160 static int pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info);
161 static void usage(void) __attribute((noreturn));
162 
163 struct sockaddr_in6 source;
164 char *device;
165 int pmtudisc=-1;
166 
167 static int icmp_sock;
168 
169 #ifdef USE_GNUTLS
170 # include <gnutls/openssl.h>
171 #else
172 # include <openssl/md5.h>
173 #endif
174 
175 /* Node Information query */
176 int ni_query = -1;
177 int ni_flag = 0;
178 void *ni_subject = NULL;
179 int ni_subject_len = 0;
180 int ni_subject_type = -1;
181 char *ni_group;
182 
ntohsp(__u16 * p)183 static inline int ntohsp(__u16 *p)
184 {
185 	__u16 v;
186 	memcpy(&v, p, sizeof(v));
187 	return ntohs(v);
188 }
189 
190 #if defined(ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR) && !defined(ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR_RFC3542)
inet6_srcrt_space(int type,int segments)191 size_t inet6_srcrt_space(int type, int segments)
192 {
193 	if (type != 0 || segments > 24)
194 		return 0;
195 
196 	return (sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(struct ip6_rthdr0) +
197 		segments * sizeof(struct in6_addr));
198 }
199 
inet6_srcrt_init(void * bp,int type)200 extern struct cmsghdr *	inet6_srcrt_init(void *bp, int type)
201 {
202 	struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
203 
204 	if (type)
205 		return NULL;
206 
207 	memset(bp, 0, sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(struct ip6_rthdr0));
208 	cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *) bp;
209 
210 	cmsg->cmsg_len = sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(struct ip6_rthdr0);
211 	cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_IPV6;
212 	cmsg->cmsg_type = IPV6_RTHDR;
213 
214 	return cmsg;
215 }
216 
inet6_srcrt_add(struct cmsghdr * cmsg,const struct in6_addr * addr)217 int inet6_srcrt_add(struct cmsghdr *cmsg, const struct in6_addr *addr)
218 {
219 	struct ip6_rthdr0 *hdr;
220 
221 	hdr = (struct ip6_rthdr0 *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
222 
223 	cmsg->cmsg_len += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
224 	hdr->ip6r0_len += sizeof(struct in6_addr) / 8;
225 
226 	memcpy(&hdr->ip6r0_addr[hdr->ip6r0_segleft++], addr,
227 	       sizeof(struct in6_addr));
228 
229 	return 0;
230 }
231 #endif
232 
if_name2index(const char * ifname)233 unsigned int if_name2index(const char *ifname)
234 {
235 	unsigned int i = if_nametoindex(ifname);
236 	if (!i) {
237 		fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", ifname);
238 		exit(2);
239 	}
240 	return i;
241 }
242 
243 struct niquery_option {
244 	char *name;
245 	int namelen;
246 	int has_arg;
247 	int data;
248 	int (*handler)(int index, const char *arg);
249 };
250 
251 #define NIQUERY_OPTION(_name, _has_arg, _data, _handler)	\
252 	{							\
253 		.name = _name,					\
254 		.namelen = sizeof(_name) - 1,			\
255 		.has_arg = _has_arg,				\
256 		.data = _data,					\
257 		.handler = _handler				\
258 	}
259 
260 static int niquery_option_name_handler(int index, const char *arg);
261 static int niquery_option_ipv6_handler(int index, const char *arg);
262 static int niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler(int index, const char *arg);
263 static int niquery_option_ipv4_handler(int index, const char *arg);
264 static int niquery_option_ipv4_flag_handler(int index, const char *arg);
265 static int niquery_option_subject_addr_handler(int index, const char *arg);
266 static int niquery_option_subject_name_handler(int index, const char *arg);
267 static int niquery_option_help_handler(int index, const char *arg);
268 
269 struct niquery_option niquery_options[] = {
270 	NIQUERY_OPTION("name",			0,	0,				niquery_option_name_handler),
271 	NIQUERY_OPTION("fqdn",			0,	0,				niquery_option_name_handler),
272 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv6",			0,	0,				niquery_option_ipv6_handler),
273 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv6-all",		0,	NI_IPV6ADDR_F_ALL,		niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler),
274 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv6-compatible",	0,	NI_IPV6ADDR_F_COMPAT,		niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler),
275 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv6-linklocal",	0,	NI_IPV6ADDR_F_LINKLOCAL,	niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler),
276 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv6-sitelocal",	0,	NI_IPV6ADDR_F_SITELOCAL,	niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler),
277 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv6-global",		0,	NI_IPV6ADDR_F_GLOBAL,		niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler),
278 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv4",			0,	0,				niquery_option_ipv4_handler),
279 	NIQUERY_OPTION("ipv4-all",		0,	NI_IPV4ADDR_F_ALL,		niquery_option_ipv4_flag_handler),
280 	NIQUERY_OPTION("subject-ipv6",		1,	NI_SUBJ_IPV6,			niquery_option_subject_addr_handler),
281 	NIQUERY_OPTION("subject-ipv4",		1,	NI_SUBJ_IPV4,			niquery_option_subject_addr_handler),
282 	NIQUERY_OPTION("subject-name",		1,	0,				niquery_option_subject_name_handler),
283 	NIQUERY_OPTION("subject-fqdn",		1,	-1,				niquery_option_subject_name_handler),
284 	NIQUERY_OPTION("help",			0,	0,				niquery_option_help_handler),
285 	{},
286 };
287 
niquery_is_enabled(void)288 static inline int niquery_is_enabled(void)
289 {
290 	return ni_query >= 0;
291 }
292 
293 #if PING6_NONCE_MEMORY
294 __u8 *ni_nonce_ptr;
295 #else
296 struct {
297 	struct timeval tv;
298 	pid_t pid;
299 } ni_nonce_secret;
300 #endif
301 
niquery_init_nonce(void)302 static void niquery_init_nonce(void)
303 {
304 #if PING6_NONCE_MEMORY
305 	struct timeval tv;
306 	unsigned long seed;
307 
308 	seed = (unsigned long)getpid();
309 	if (!gettimeofday(&tv, NULL))
310 		seed ^= tv.tv_usec;
311 	srand(seed);
312 
313 	ni_nonce_ptr = calloc(NI_NONCE_SIZE, MAX_DUP_CHK);
314 	if (!ni_nonce_ptr) {
315 		perror("ping6: calloc");
316 		exit(2);
317 	}
318 
319 	ni_nonce_ptr[0] = ~0;
320 #else
321 	gettimeofday(&ni_nonce_secret.tv, NULL);
322 	ni_nonce_secret.pid = getpid();
323 #endif
324 }
325 
326 #if !PING6_NONCE_MEMORY
niquery_nonce(__u8 * nonce,int fill)327 static int niquery_nonce(__u8 *nonce, int fill)
328 {
329 	static __u8 digest[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
330 	static int seq = -1;
331 
332 	if (fill || seq != *(__u16 *)nonce || seq < 0) {
333 		MD5_CTX ctxt;
334 
335 		MD5_Init(&ctxt);
336 		MD5_Update(&ctxt, &ni_nonce_secret, sizeof(ni_nonce_secret));
337 		MD5_Update(&ctxt, nonce, sizeof(__u16));
338 		MD5_Final(digest, &ctxt);
339 
340 		seq = *(__u16 *)nonce;
341 	}
342 
343 	if (fill) {
344 		memcpy(nonce + sizeof(__u16), digest, NI_NONCE_SIZE - sizeof(__u16));
345 		return 0;
346 	} else {
347 		if (memcmp(nonce + sizeof(__u16), digest, NI_NONCE_SIZE - sizeof(__u16)))
348 			return -1;
349 		return ntohsp((__u16 *)nonce);
350 	}
351 }
352 #endif
353 
niquery_fill_nonce(__u16 seq,__u8 * nonce)354 static inline void niquery_fill_nonce(__u16 seq, __u8 *nonce)
355 {
356 	__u16 v = htons(seq);
357 #if PING6_NONCE_MEMORY
358 	int i;
359 
360 	memcpy(&ni_nonce_ptr[NI_NONCE_SIZE * (seq % MAX_DUP_CHK)], &v, sizeof(v));
361 
362 	for (i = sizeof(v); i < NI_NONCE_SIZE; i++)
363 		ni_nonce_ptr[NI_NONCE_SIZE * (seq % MAX_DUP_CHK) + i] = 0x100 * (rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
364 
365 	memcpy(nonce, &ni_nonce_ptr[NI_NONCE_SIZE * (seq % MAX_DUP_CHK)], NI_NONCE_SIZE);
366 #else
367 	memcpy(nonce, &v, sizeof(v));
368 	niquery_nonce(nonce, 1);
369 #endif
370 }
371 
niquery_check_nonce(__u8 * nonce)372 static inline int niquery_check_nonce(__u8 *nonce)
373 {
374 #if PING6_NONCE_MEMORY
375 	__u16 seq = ntohsp((__u16 *)nonce);
376 	if (memcmp(nonce, &ni_nonce_ptr[NI_NONCE_SIZE * (seq % MAX_DUP_CHK)], NI_NONCE_SIZE))
377 		return -1;
378 	return seq;
379 #else
380 	return niquery_nonce(nonce, 0);
381 #endif
382 }
383 
niquery_set_qtype(int type)384 static int niquery_set_qtype(int type)
385 {
386 	if (niquery_is_enabled() && ni_query != type) {
387 		printf("Qtype conflict\n");
388 		return -1;
389 	}
390 	ni_query = type;
391 	return 0;
392 }
393 
niquery_option_name_handler(int index,const char * arg)394 static int niquery_option_name_handler(int index, const char *arg)
395 {
396 	if (niquery_set_qtype(NI_QTYPE_NAME) < 0)
397 		return -1;
398 	return 0;
399 }
400 
niquery_option_ipv6_handler(int index,const char * arg)401 static int niquery_option_ipv6_handler(int index, const char *arg)
402 {
403 	if (niquery_set_qtype(NI_QTYPE_IPV6ADDR) < 0)
404 		return -1;
405 	return 0;
406 }
407 
niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler(int index,const char * arg)408 static int niquery_option_ipv6_flag_handler(int index, const char *arg)
409 {
410 	if (niquery_set_qtype(NI_QTYPE_IPV6ADDR) < 0)
411 		return -1;
412 	ni_flag |= niquery_options[index].data;
413 	return 0;
414 }
415 
niquery_option_ipv4_handler(int index,const char * arg)416 static int niquery_option_ipv4_handler(int index, const char *arg)
417 {
418 	if (niquery_set_qtype(NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR) < 0)
419 		return -1;
420 	return 0;
421 }
422 
niquery_option_ipv4_flag_handler(int index,const char * arg)423 static int niquery_option_ipv4_flag_handler(int index, const char *arg)
424 {
425 	if (niquery_set_qtype(NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR) < 0)
426 		return -1;
427 	ni_flag |= niquery_options[index].data;
428 	return 0;
429 }
430 
niquery_is_subject_valid(void)431 static inline int niquery_is_subject_valid(void)
432 {
433 	return ni_subject_type >= 0 && ni_subject;
434 }
435 
niquery_set_subject_type(int type)436 static int niquery_set_subject_type(int type)
437 {
438 	if (niquery_is_subject_valid() && ni_subject_type != type) {
439 		printf("Subject type conflict\n");
440 		return -1;
441 	}
442 	ni_subject_type = type;
443 	return 0;
444 }
445 
446 #define ARRAY_SIZE(array)	(sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]))
447 #define OFFSET_OF(type,elem)	((size_t)&((type *)0)->elem)
448 
niquery_option_subject_addr_handler(int index,const char * arg)449 static int niquery_option_subject_addr_handler(int index, const char *arg)
450 {
451 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai0, *ai;
452 	int offset;
453 	int gai;
454 
455 	if (niquery_set_subject_type(niquery_options[index].data) < 0)
456 		return -1;
457 
458 	ni_subject_type = niquery_options[index].data;
459 
460 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
461 
462 	switch (niquery_options[index].data) {
463 	case NI_SUBJ_IPV6:
464 		ni_subject_len = sizeof(struct in6_addr);
465 		offset = OFFSET_OF(struct sockaddr_in6, sin6_addr);
466 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
467 		break;
468 	case NI_SUBJ_IPV4:
469 		ni_subject_len = sizeof(struct in_addr);
470 		offset = OFFSET_OF(struct sockaddr_in, sin_addr);
471 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
472 		break;
473 	default:
474 		/* should not happen. */
475 		offset = -1;
476 	}
477 
478 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
479 #ifdef USE_IDN
480 	hints.ai_flags = AI_IDN;
481 #endif
482 
483 	gai = getaddrinfo(arg, 0, &hints, &ai0);
484 	if (gai) {
485 		fprintf(stderr, "Unknown host: %s\n", arg);
486 		return -1;
487 	}
488 
489 	for (ai = ai0; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
490 		void *p = malloc(ni_subject_len);
491 		if (!p)
492 			continue;
493 		memcpy(p, (__u8 *)ai->ai_addr + offset, ni_subject_len);
494 		free(ni_subject);
495 		ni_subject = p;
496 		break;
497 	}
498 	freeaddrinfo(ai0);
499 
500 	return 0;
501 }
502 
niquery_option_subject_name_handler(int index,const char * arg)503 static int niquery_option_subject_name_handler(int index, const char *arg)
504 {
505 	static char nigroup_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN + 1 + IFNAMSIZ];
506 	unsigned char *dnptrs[2], **dpp, **lastdnptr;
507 	int n;
508 	int i;
509 	char *name, *p;
510 	char *canonname = NULL, *idn = NULL;
511 	unsigned char *buf = NULL;
512 	size_t namelen;
513 	size_t buflen;
514 	int dots, fqdn = niquery_options[index].data;
515 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
516 	__u8 digest[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
517 #ifdef USE_IDN
518 	int rc;
519 #endif
520 
521 	if (niquery_set_subject_type(NI_SUBJ_NAME) < 0)
522 		return -1;
523 
524 #ifdef USE_IDN
525 	name = stringprep_locale_to_utf8(arg);
526 	if (!name) {
527 		fprintf(stderr, "ping6: IDN support failed.\n");
528 		exit(2);
529 	}
530 #else
531 	name = strdup(arg);
532 	if (!name)
533 		goto oomexit;
534 #endif
535 
536 	p = strchr(name, SCOPE_DELIMITER);
537 	if (p) {
538 		*p = '\0';
539 		if (strlen(p + 1) >= IFNAMSIZ) {
540 			fprintf(stderr, "ping6: too long scope name.\n");
541 			exit(1);
542 		}
543 	}
544 
545 #ifdef USE_IDN
546 	rc = idna_to_ascii_8z(name, &idn, 0);
547 	if (rc) {
548 		fprintf(stderr, "ping6: IDN encoding error: %s\n",
549 			idna_strerror(rc));
550 		exit(2);
551 	}
552 #else
553 	idn = strdup(name);
554 	if (!idn)
555 		goto oomexit;
556 #endif
557 
558 	namelen = strlen(idn);
559 	canonname = malloc(namelen + 1);
560 	if (!canonname)
561 		goto oomexit;
562 
563 	dots = 0;
564 	for (i = 0; i < namelen + 1; i++) {
565 		canonname[i] = isupper(idn[i]) ? tolower(idn[i]) : idn[i];
566 		if (idn[i] == '.')
567 			dots++;
568 	}
569 
570 	if (fqdn == 0) {
571 		/* guess if hostname is FQDN */
572 		fqdn = dots ? 1 : -1;
573 	}
574 
575 	buflen = namelen + 3 + 1;	/* dn_comp() requrires strlen() + 3,
576 					   plus non-fqdn indicator. */
577 	buf = malloc(buflen);
578 	if (!buf) {
579 		fprintf(stderr, "ping6: out of memory.\n");
580 		goto errexit;
581 	}
582 
583 	dpp = dnptrs;
584 	lastdnptr = &dnptrs[ARRAY_SIZE(dnptrs)];
585 
586 	*dpp++ = (unsigned char *)buf;
587 	*dpp++ = NULL;
588 
589 	n = dn_comp(canonname, (unsigned char *)buf, buflen, dnptrs, lastdnptr);
590 	if (n < 0) {
591 		fprintf(stderr, "ping6: Inappropriate subject name: %s\n", canonname);
592 		goto errexit;
593 	} else if (n >= buflen) {
594 		fprintf(stderr, "ping6: dn_comp() returned too long result.\n");
595 		goto errexit;
596 	}
597 
598 	MD5_Init(&ctxt);
599 	MD5_Update(&ctxt, buf, buf[0]);
600 	MD5_Final(digest, &ctxt);
601 
602 	sprintf(nigroup_buf, "ff02::2:%02x%02x:%02x%02x%s%s",
603 		digest[0], digest[1], digest[2], digest[3],
604 		p ? "%" : "",
605 		p ? p + 1 : "");
606 
607 	if (fqdn < 0)
608 		buf[n] = 0;
609 
610 	free(ni_subject);
611 
612 	ni_group = nigroup_buf;
613 	ni_subject = buf;
614 	ni_subject_len = n + (fqdn < 0);
615 	ni_group = nigroup_buf;
616 
617 	free(canonname);
618 	free(idn);
619 	free(name);
620 
621 	return 0;
622 oomexit:
623 	fprintf(stderr, "ping6: out of memory.\n");
624 errexit:
625 	free(buf);
626 	free(canonname);
627 	free(idn);
628 	free(name);
629 	exit(1);
630 }
631 
niquery_option_help_handler(int index,const char * arg)632 int niquery_option_help_handler(int index, const char *arg)
633 {
634 	fprintf(stderr, "ping6 -N suboptions\n"
635 			"\tHelp:\n"
636 			"\t\thelp\n"
637 			"\tQuery:\n"
638 			"\t\tname,\n"
639 			"\t\tipv6,ipv6-all,ipv6-compatible,ipv6-linklocal,ipv6-sitelocal,ipv6-global,\n"
640 			"\t\tipv4,ipv4-all,\n"
641 			"\tSubject:\n"
642 			"\t\tsubject-ipv6=addr,subject-ipv4=addr,subject-name=name,subject-fqdn=name,\n"
643 		);
644 	exit(2);
645 }
646 
niquery_option_handler(const char * opt_arg)647 int niquery_option_handler(const char *opt_arg)
648 {
649 	struct niquery_option *p;
650 	int i;
651 	int ret = -1;
652 	for (i = 0, p = niquery_options; p->name; i++, p++) {
653 		if (strncmp(p->name, opt_arg, p->namelen))
654 			continue;
655 		if (!p->has_arg) {
656 			if (opt_arg[p->namelen] == '\0') {
657 				ret = p->handler(i, NULL);
658 				if (ret >= 0)
659 					break;
660 			}
661 		} else {
662 			if (opt_arg[p->namelen] == '=') {
663 				ret = p->handler(i, &opt_arg[p->namelen] + 1);
664 				if (ret >= 0)
665 					break;
666 			}
667 		}
668 	}
669 	if (!p->name)
670 		ret = niquery_option_help_handler(0, NULL);
671 	return ret;
672 }
673 
hextoui(const char * str)674 static int hextoui(const char *str)
675 {
676 	unsigned long val;
677 	char *ep;
678 
679 	errno = 0;
680 	val = strtoul(str, &ep, 16);
681 	if (*ep) {
682 		if (!errno)
683 			errno = EINVAL;
684 		return -1;
685 	}
686 
687 	if (val > UINT_MAX) {
688 		errno = ERANGE;
689 		return UINT_MAX;
690 	}
691 
692 	return val;
693 }
694 
main(int argc,char * argv[])695 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
696 {
697 	int ch, hold, packlen;
698 	u_char *packet;
699 	char *target;
700 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai;
701 	int gai;
702 	struct sockaddr_in6 firsthop;
703 	int socket_errno = 0;
704 	struct icmp6_filter filter;
705 	int err;
706 #ifdef __linux__
707 	int csum_offset, sz_opt;
708 #endif
709 	static uint32_t scope_id = 0;
710 
711 #ifdef ANDROID
712 	android_check_security();
713 #endif
714 
715 	limit_capabilities();
716 
717 #ifdef USE_IDN
718 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
719 #endif
720 
721 	icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
722 	if (icmp_sock < 0) {
723 		enable_capability_raw();
724 		icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
725 		socket_errno = errno;
726 		disable_capability_raw();
727 		using_ping_socket = 0;
728 	}
729 
730 	source.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
731 	memset(&firsthop, 0, sizeof(firsthop));
732 	firsthop.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
733 
734 	preload = 1;
735 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, COMMON_OPTSTR "F:N:")) != EOF) {
736 		switch(ch) {
737 		case 'F':
738 			flowlabel = hextoui(optarg);
739 			if (errno || (flowlabel & ~IPV6_FLOWINFO_FLOWLABEL)) {
740 				fprintf(stderr, "ping: Invalid flowinfo %s\n", optarg);
741 				exit(2);
742 			}
743 			options |= F_FLOWINFO;
744 			break;
745 		case 'Q':
746 			tclass = hextoui(optarg);
747 			if (errno || (tclass & ~0xff)) {
748 				fprintf(stderr, "ping: Invalid tclass %s\n", optarg);
749 				exit(2);
750 			}
751 			options |= F_TCLASS;
752 			break;
753 		case 'I':
754 			if (strchr(optarg, ':')) {
755 				char *p, *addr = strdup(optarg);
756 
757 				if (!addr) {
758 					fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory\n");
759 					exit(2);
760 				}
761 
762 				p = strchr(addr, SCOPE_DELIMITER);
763 				if (p) {
764 					*p = '\0';
765 					device = optarg + (p - addr) + 1;
766 				}
767 
768 				if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr, (char*)&source.sin6_addr) <= 0) {
769 					fprintf(stderr, "ping: invalid source address %s\n", optarg);
770 					exit(2);
771 				}
772 
773 				options |= F_STRICTSOURCE;
774 
775 				free(addr);
776 			} else {
777 				device = optarg;
778 			}
779 			break;
780 		case 'M':
781 			if (strcmp(optarg, "do") == 0)
782 				pmtudisc = IPV6_PMTUDISC_DO;
783 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "dont") == 0)
784 				pmtudisc = IPV6_PMTUDISC_DONT;
785 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "want") == 0)
786 				pmtudisc = IPV6_PMTUDISC_WANT;
787 			else {
788 				fprintf(stderr, "ping: wrong value for -M: do, dont, want are valid ones.\n");
789 				exit(2);
790 			}
791 			break;
792 		case 'V':
793 			printf("ping6 utility, iputils-%s\n", SNAPSHOT);
794 			exit(0);
795 		case 'N':
796 			if (using_ping_socket) {
797 				fprintf(stderr, "ping: -N requires raw socket permissions\n");
798 				exit(2);
799 			}
800 			if (niquery_option_handler(optarg) < 0) {
801 				usage();
802 				break;
803 			}
804 			break;
805 		COMMON_OPTIONS
806 			common_options(ch);
807 			break;
808 		default:
809 			usage();
810 		}
811 	}
812 	argc -= optind;
813 	argv += optind;
814 
815 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
816 	while (argc > 1) {
817 		struct in6_addr *addr;
818 
819 		if (srcrt == NULL) {
820 			int space;
821 
822 			fprintf(stderr, "ping6: Warning: "
823 					"Source routing is deprecated by RFC5095.\n");
824 
825 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR_RFC3542
826 			space = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
827 #else
828 			space = inet6_srcrt_space(IPV6_SRCRT_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
829 #endif
830 			if (space == 0)	{
831 				fprintf(stderr, "srcrt_space failed\n");
832 				exit(2);
833 			}
834 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR_RFC3542
835 			if (cmsglen + CMSG_SPACE(space) > sizeof(cmsgbuf)) {
836 				fprintf(stderr, "no room for options\n");
837 				exit(2);
838 			}
839 #else
840 			if (space + cmsglen > sizeof(cmsgbuf)) {
841 				fprintf(stderr, "no room for options\n");
842 				exit(2);
843 			}
844 #endif
845 			srcrt = (struct cmsghdr*)(cmsgbuf+cmsglen);
846 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR_RFC3542
847 			memset(srcrt, 0, CMSG_SPACE(0));
848 			srcrt->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(space);
849 			srcrt->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
850 			srcrt->cmsg_type = IPV6_RTHDR;
851 			inet6_rth_init(CMSG_DATA(srcrt), space, IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
852 			cmsglen += CMSG_SPACE(space);
853 #else
854 			cmsglen += CMSG_ALIGN(space);
855 			inet6_srcrt_init(srcrt, IPV6_SRCRT_TYPE_0);
856 #endif
857 		}
858 
859 		target = *argv;
860 
861 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
862 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
863 #ifdef USE_IDN
864 		hints.ai_flags = AI_IDN;
865 #endif
866 		gai = getaddrinfo(target, NULL, &hints, &ai);
867 		if (gai) {
868 			fprintf(stderr, "unknown host\n");
869 			exit(2);
870 		}
871 		addr = &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(ai->ai_addr))->sin6_addr;
872 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR_RFC3542
873 		inet6_rth_add(CMSG_DATA(srcrt), addr);
874 #else
875 		inet6_srcrt_add(srcrt, addr);
876 #endif
877 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&firsthop.sin6_addr)) {
878 			memcpy(&firsthop.sin6_addr, addr, 16);
879 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPEID
880 			firsthop.sin6_scope_id = ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(ai->ai_addr))->sin6_scope_id;
881 			/* Verify scope_id is the same as previous nodes */
882 			if (firsthop.sin6_scope_id && scope_id && firsthop.sin6_scope_id != scope_id) {
883 				fprintf(stderr, "scope discrepancy among the nodes\n");
884 				exit(2);
885 			} else if (!scope_id) {
886 				scope_id = firsthop.sin6_scope_id;
887 			}
888 #endif
889 		}
890 		freeaddrinfo(ai);
891 
892 		argv++;
893 		argc--;
894 	}
895 #endif
896 
897 	if (niquery_is_enabled()) {
898 		niquery_init_nonce();
899 
900 		if (!niquery_is_subject_valid()) {
901 			ni_subject = &whereto.sin6_addr;
902 			ni_subject_len = sizeof(whereto.sin6_addr);
903 			ni_subject_type = NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
904 		}
905 	}
906 
907 	if (argc > 1) {
908 #ifndef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
909 		fprintf(stderr, "ping6: Source routing is deprecated by RFC5095.\n");
910 #endif
911 		usage();
912 	} else if (argc == 1) {
913 		target = *argv;
914 	} else {
915 		if (ni_query < 0 && ni_subject_type != NI_SUBJ_NAME)
916 			usage();
917 		target = ni_group;
918 	}
919 
920 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
921 	hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
922 #ifdef USE_IDN
923 	hints.ai_flags = AI_IDN;
924 #endif
925 	gai = getaddrinfo(target, NULL, &hints, &ai);
926 	if (gai) {
927 		fprintf(stderr, "unknown host\n");
928 		exit(2);
929 	}
930 
931 	memcpy(&whereto, ai->ai_addr, sizeof(whereto));
932 	whereto.sin6_port = htons(IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
933 
934 	if (memchr(target, ':', strlen(target)))
935 		options |= F_NUMERIC;
936 
937 	freeaddrinfo(ai);
938 
939 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&firsthop.sin6_addr)) {
940 		memcpy(&firsthop.sin6_addr, &whereto.sin6_addr, 16);
941 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPEID
942 		firsthop.sin6_scope_id = whereto.sin6_scope_id;
943 		/* Verify scope_id is the same as intermediate nodes */
944 		if (firsthop.sin6_scope_id && scope_id && firsthop.sin6_scope_id != scope_id) {
945 			fprintf(stderr, "scope discrepancy among the nodes\n");
946 			exit(2);
947 		} else if (!scope_id) {
948 			scope_id = firsthop.sin6_scope_id;
949 		}
950 #endif
951 	}
952 
953 	hostname = target;
954 
955 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&source.sin6_addr)) {
956 		socklen_t alen;
957 		int probe_fd = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
958 
959 		if (probe_fd < 0) {
960 			perror("socket");
961 			exit(2);
962 		}
963 		if (device) {
964 #if defined(IPV6_RECVPKTINFO) || defined(HAVE_SIN6_SCOPEID)
965 			unsigned int iface = if_name2index(device);
966 #endif
967 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
968 			struct in6_pktinfo ipi;
969 
970 			memset(&ipi, 0, sizeof(ipi));
971 			ipi.ipi6_ifindex = iface;
972 #endif
973 
974 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPEID
975 			if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&firsthop.sin6_addr) ||
976 			    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&firsthop.sin6_addr))
977 				firsthop.sin6_scope_id = iface;
978 #endif
979 			enable_capability_raw();
980 			if (
981 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
982 			    setsockopt(probe_fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &ipi, sizeof(ipi)) == -1 &&
983 #endif
984 			    setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, device, strlen(device)+1) == -1) {
985 				perror("setsockopt(SO_BINDTODEVICE)");
986 				exit(2);
987 			}
988 			disable_capability_raw();
989 		}
990 		firsthop.sin6_port = htons(1025);
991 		if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&firsthop, sizeof(firsthop)) == -1) {
992 			perror("connect");
993 			exit(2);
994 		}
995 		alen = sizeof(source);
996 		if (getsockname(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&source, &alen) == -1) {
997 			perror("getsockname");
998 			exit(2);
999 		}
1000 		source.sin6_port = 0;
1001 		close(probe_fd);
1002 
1003 #ifndef WITHOUT_IFADDRS
1004 		if (device) {
1005 			struct ifaddrs *ifa0, *ifa;
1006 
1007 			if (getifaddrs(&ifa0)) {
1008 				perror("getifaddrs");
1009 				exit(2);
1010 			}
1011 
1012 			for (ifa = ifa0; ifa; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
1013 				if (!ifa->ifa_addr || ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
1014 					continue;
1015 				if (!strncmp(ifa->ifa_name, device, sizeof(device) - 1) &&
1016 				    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr,
1017 						       &source.sin6_addr))
1018 					break;
1019 			}
1020 			if (!ifa)
1021 				fprintf(stderr, "ping6: Warning: source address might be selected on device other than %s.\n", device);
1022 
1023 			freeifaddrs(ifa0);
1024 		}
1025 #endif
1026 	}
1027 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPEID
1028 	else if (device && (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&source.sin6_addr) ||
1029 			    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&source.sin6_addr)))
1030 		source.sin6_scope_id = if_name2index(device);
1031 #endif
1032 
1033 	if (icmp_sock < 0) {
1034 		errno = socket_errno;
1035 		perror("ping: icmp open socket");
1036 		exit(2);
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	if (device) {
1040 		struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
1041 		struct in6_pktinfo *ipi;
1042 
1043 		cmsg = (struct cmsghdr*)(cmsgbuf+cmsglen);
1044 		cmsglen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*ipi));
1045 		cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(*ipi));
1046 		cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_IPV6;
1047 		cmsg->cmsg_type = IPV6_PKTINFO;
1048 
1049 		ipi = (struct in6_pktinfo*)CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
1050 		memset(ipi, 0, sizeof(*ipi));
1051 		ipi->ipi6_ifindex = if_name2index(device);
1052 	}
1053 
1054 	if ((whereto.sin6_addr.s6_addr16[0]&htons(0xff00)) == htons (0xff00)) {
1055 		if (uid) {
1056 			if (interval < 1000) {
1057 				fprintf(stderr, "ping: multicast ping with too short interval.\n");
1058 				exit(2);
1059 			}
1060 			if (pmtudisc >= 0 && pmtudisc != IPV6_PMTUDISC_DO) {
1061 				fprintf(stderr, "ping: multicast ping does not fragment.\n");
1062 				exit(2);
1063 			}
1064 		}
1065 		if (pmtudisc < 0)
1066 			pmtudisc = IPV6_PMTUDISC_DO;
1067 	}
1068 
1069 	if (pmtudisc >= 0) {
1070 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER, &pmtudisc, sizeof(pmtudisc)) == -1) {
1071 			perror("ping: IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER");
1072 			exit(2);
1073 		}
1074 	}
1075 
1076 	if ((options&F_STRICTSOURCE) &&
1077 	    bind(icmp_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&source, sizeof(source)) == -1) {
1078 		perror("ping: bind icmp socket");
1079 		exit(2);
1080 	}
1081 
1082 	if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval) && (ni_query < 0)) {
1083 		/* can we time transfer */
1084 		timing = 1;
1085 	}
1086 	packlen = datalen + 8 + 4096 + 40 + 8; /* 4096 for rthdr */
1087 	if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) {
1088 		fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n");
1089 		exit(2);
1090 	}
1091 
1092 	working_recverr = 1;
1093 	hold = 1;
1094 	if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_RECVERR, (char *)&hold, sizeof(hold))) {
1095 		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: your kernel is veeery old. No problems.\n");
1096 		working_recverr = 0;
1097 	}
1098 
1099 	/* Estimate memory eaten by single packet. It is rough estimate.
1100 	 * Actually, for small datalen's it depends on kernel side a lot. */
1101 	hold = datalen+8;
1102 	hold += ((hold+511)/512)*(40+16+64+160);
1103 	sock_setbufs(icmp_sock, hold);
1104 
1105 	if (!using_ping_socket) {
1106 #ifdef __linux__
1107 		csum_offset = 2;
1108 		sz_opt = sizeof(int);
1109 
1110 		err = setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_RAW, IPV6_CHECKSUM,
1111 				 &csum_offset, sz_opt);
1112 		if (err < 0) {
1113 			/* checksum should be enabled by default and setting
1114 			 * this option might fail anyway.
1115 			 */
1116 			fprintf(stderr, "setsockopt(RAW_CHECKSUM) failed"
1117 				" - try to continue.");
1118 		}
1119 #endif
1120 
1121 		/*
1122 		 *	select icmp echo reply as icmp type to receive
1123 		 */
1124 
1125 		ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCKALL(&filter);
1126 
1127 		if (!working_recverr) {
1128 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_DST_UNREACH, &filter);
1129 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG, &filter);
1130 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED, &filter);
1131 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_PARAM_PROB, &filter);
1132 		}
1133 
1134 		if (niquery_is_enabled())
1135 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMPV6_NI_REPLY, &filter);
1136 		else
1137 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY, &filter);
1138 
1139 		err = setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, ICMP6_FILTER,
1140 				 &filter, sizeof(struct icmp6_filter));
1141 
1142 		if (err < 0) {
1143 			perror("setsockopt(ICMP6_FILTER)");
1144 			exit(2);
1145 		}
1146 	}
1147 
1148 	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
1149 		int loop = 0;
1150 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP,
1151 				&loop, sizeof(loop)) == -1) {
1152 			perror ("can't disable multicast loopback");
1153 			exit(2);
1154 		}
1155 	}
1156 	if (options & F_TTL) {
1157 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
1158 			       &ttl, sizeof(ttl)) == -1) {
1159 			perror ("can't set multicast hop limit");
1160 			exit(2);
1161 		}
1162 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
1163 			       &ttl, sizeof(ttl)) == -1) {
1164 			perror ("can't set unicast hop limit");
1165 			exit(2);
1166 		}
1167 	}
1168 
1169 	if (1) {
1170 		int on = 1;
1171 		if (
1172 #ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT
1173 		    setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT,
1174 			       &on, sizeof(on)) == -1 &&
1175 		    setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_2292HOPLIMIT,
1176 			       &on, sizeof(on)) == -1
1177 #else
1178 		    setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT,
1179 			       &on, sizeof(on)) == -1
1180 #endif
1181 		   ){
1182 			perror ("can't receive hop limit");
1183 			exit(2);
1184 		}
1185 	}
1186 
1187 	if (options & F_TCLASS) {
1188 #ifdef IPV6_TCLASS
1189 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_TCLASS,
1190 			       &tclass, sizeof(tclass)) == -1) {
1191 			perror ("setsockopt(IPV6_TCLASS)");
1192 			exit(2);
1193 		}
1194 #else
1195 		fprintf(stderr, "Traffic class is not supported.\n");
1196 #endif
1197 	}
1198 
1199 	if (options&F_FLOWINFO) {
1200 #ifdef IPV6_FLOWINFO_SEND
1201 		int on = 1;
1202 #endif
1203 #ifdef IPV6_FLOWLABEL_MGR
1204 		char freq_buf[CMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct in6_flowlabel_req)) + cmsglen];
1205 		struct in6_flowlabel_req *freq = (struct in6_flowlabel_req *)freq_buf;
1206 		int freq_len = sizeof(*freq);
1207 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
1208 		if (srcrt)
1209 			freq_len = CMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(*freq)) + srcrt->cmsg_len;
1210 #endif
1211 		memset(freq, 0, sizeof(*freq));
1212 		freq->flr_label = htonl(flowlabel & IPV6_FLOWINFO_FLOWLABEL);
1213 		freq->flr_action = IPV6_FL_A_GET;
1214 		freq->flr_flags = IPV6_FL_F_CREATE;
1215 		freq->flr_share = IPV6_FL_S_EXCL;
1216 		memcpy(&freq->flr_dst, &whereto.sin6_addr, 16);
1217 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
1218 		if (srcrt)
1219 			memcpy(freq_buf + CMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(*freq)), srcrt, srcrt->cmsg_len);
1220 #endif
1221 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_FLOWLABEL_MGR,
1222 			       freq, freq_len) == -1) {
1223 			perror ("can't set flowlabel");
1224 			exit(2);
1225 		}
1226 		flowlabel = freq->flr_label;
1227 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
1228 		if (srcrt) {
1229 			cmsglen = (char*)srcrt - (char*)cmsgbuf;
1230 			srcrt = NULL;
1231 		}
1232 #endif
1233 #else
1234 		fprintf(stderr, "Flow labels are not supported.\n");
1235 		exit(2);
1236 #endif
1237 
1238 #ifdef IPV6_FLOWINFO_SEND
1239 		whereto.sin6_flowinfo = flowlabel;
1240 		if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_FLOWINFO_SEND,
1241 			       &on, sizeof(on)) == -1) {
1242 			perror ("can't send flowinfo");
1243 			exit(2);
1244 		}
1245 #else
1246 		fprintf(stderr, "Flowinfo is not supported.\n");
1247 		exit(2);
1248 #endif
1249 	}
1250 
1251 	printf("PING %s(%s) ", hostname, pr_addr(&whereto.sin6_addr));
1252 	if (flowlabel)
1253 		printf(", flow 0x%05x, ", (unsigned)ntohl(flowlabel));
1254 	if (device || (options&F_STRICTSOURCE)) {
1255 		printf("from %s %s: ",
1256 		       pr_addr_n(&source.sin6_addr), device ? : "");
1257 	}
1258 	printf("%d data bytes\n", datalen);
1259 
1260 	setup(icmp_sock);
1261 
1262 	drop_capabilities();
1263 
1264 	main_loop(icmp_sock, packet, packlen);
1265 }
1266 
receive_error_msg()1267 int receive_error_msg()
1268 {
1269 	int res;
1270 	char cbuf[512];
1271 	struct iovec  iov;
1272 	struct msghdr msg;
1273 	struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
1274 	struct sock_extended_err *e;
1275 	struct icmp6_hdr icmph;
1276 	struct sockaddr_in6 target;
1277 	int net_errors = 0;
1278 	int local_errors = 0;
1279 	int saved_errno = errno;
1280 
1281 	iov.iov_base = &icmph;
1282 	iov.iov_len = sizeof(icmph);
1283 	msg.msg_name = (void*)&target;
1284 	msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(target);
1285 	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
1286 	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
1287 	msg.msg_flags = 0;
1288 	msg.msg_control = cbuf;
1289 	msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(cbuf);
1290 
1291 	res = recvmsg(icmp_sock, &msg, MSG_ERRQUEUE|MSG_DONTWAIT);
1292 	if (res < 0)
1293 		goto out;
1294 
1295 	e = NULL;
1296 	for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) {
1297 		if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_IPV6) {
1298 			if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IPV6_RECVERR)
1299 				e = (struct sock_extended_err *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
1300 		}
1301 	}
1302 	if (e == NULL)
1303 		abort();
1304 
1305 	if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL) {
1306 		local_errors++;
1307 		if (options & F_QUIET)
1308 			goto out;
1309 		if (options & F_FLOOD)
1310 			write_stdout("E", 1);
1311 		else if (e->ee_errno != EMSGSIZE)
1312 			fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: %s\n", strerror(e->ee_errno));
1313 		else
1314 			fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: Message too long, mtu=%u\n", e->ee_info);
1315 		nerrors++;
1316 	} else if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP6) {
1317 		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6*)(e+1);
1318 
1319 		if (res < sizeof(icmph) ||
1320 		    memcmp(&target.sin6_addr, &whereto.sin6_addr, 16) ||
1321 		    icmph.icmp6_type != ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST ||
1322 		    !is_ours(icmph.icmp6_id)) {
1323 			/* Not our error, not an error at all. Clear. */
1324 			saved_errno = 0;
1325 			goto out;
1326 		}
1327 
1328 		net_errors++;
1329 		nerrors++;
1330 		if (options & F_QUIET)
1331 			goto out;
1332 		if (options & F_FLOOD) {
1333 			write_stdout("\bE", 2);
1334 		} else {
1335 			print_timestamp();
1336 			printf("From %s icmp_seq=%u ", pr_addr(&sin6->sin6_addr), ntohs(icmph.icmp6_seq));
1337 			pr_icmph(e->ee_type, e->ee_code, e->ee_info);
1338 			putchar('\n');
1339 			fflush(stdout);
1340 		}
1341 	}
1342 
1343 out:
1344 	errno = saved_errno;
1345 	return net_errors ? : -local_errors;
1346 }
1347 
1348 /*
1349  * pinger --
1350  * 	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
1351  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
1352  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first 8 bytes
1353  * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX
1354  * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
1355  */
build_echo(__u8 * _icmph)1356 int build_echo(__u8 *_icmph)
1357 {
1358 	struct icmp6_hdr *icmph;
1359 	int cc;
1360 
1361 	icmph = (struct icmp6_hdr *)_icmph;
1362 	icmph->icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
1363 	icmph->icmp6_code = 0;
1364 	icmph->icmp6_cksum = 0;
1365 	icmph->icmp6_seq = htons(ntransmitted+1);
1366 	icmph->icmp6_id = ident;
1367 
1368 	if (timing)
1369 		gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8],
1370 		    (struct timezone *)NULL);
1371 
1372 	cc = datalen + 8;			/* skips ICMP portion */
1373 
1374 	return cc;
1375 }
1376 
1377 
build_niquery(__u8 * _nih)1378 int build_niquery(__u8 *_nih)
1379 {
1380 	struct ni_hdr *nih;
1381 	int cc;
1382 
1383 	nih = (struct ni_hdr *)_nih;
1384 	nih->ni_cksum = 0;
1385 
1386 	nih->ni_type = ICMPV6_NI_QUERY;
1387 	cc = sizeof(*nih);
1388 	datalen = 0;
1389 
1390 	niquery_fill_nonce(ntransmitted + 1, nih->ni_nonce);
1391 	nih->ni_code = ni_subject_type;
1392 	nih->ni_qtype = htons(ni_query);
1393 	nih->ni_flags = ni_flag;
1394 	memcpy(nih + 1, ni_subject, ni_subject_len);
1395 	cc += ni_subject_len;
1396 
1397 	return cc;
1398 }
1399 
send_probe(void)1400 int send_probe(void)
1401 {
1402 	int len, cc;
1403 
1404 	rcvd_clear(ntransmitted + 1);
1405 
1406 	if (niquery_is_enabled())
1407 		len = build_niquery(outpack);
1408 	else
1409 		len = build_echo(outpack);
1410 
1411 	if (cmsglen == 0) {
1412 		cc = sendto(icmp_sock, (char *)outpack, len, confirm,
1413 			    (struct sockaddr *) &whereto,
1414 			    sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
1415 	} else {
1416 		struct msghdr mhdr;
1417 		struct iovec iov;
1418 
1419 		iov.iov_len  = len;
1420 		iov.iov_base = outpack;
1421 
1422 		memset(&mhdr, 0, sizeof(mhdr));
1423 		mhdr.msg_name = &whereto;
1424 		mhdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
1425 		mhdr.msg_iov = &iov;
1426 		mhdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1427 		mhdr.msg_control = cmsgbuf;
1428 		mhdr.msg_controllen = cmsglen;
1429 
1430 		cc = sendmsg(icmp_sock, &mhdr, confirm);
1431 	}
1432 	confirm = 0;
1433 
1434 	return (cc == len ? 0 : cc);
1435 }
1436 
pr_echo_reply(__u8 * _icmph,int cc)1437 void pr_echo_reply(__u8 *_icmph, int cc)
1438 {
1439 	struct icmp6_hdr *icmph = (struct icmp6_hdr *) _icmph;
1440 	printf(" icmp_seq=%u", ntohs(icmph->icmp6_seq));
1441 };
1442 
putchar_safe(char c)1443 static void putchar_safe(char c)
1444 {
1445 	if (isprint(c))
1446 		putchar(c);
1447 	else
1448 		printf("\\%03o", c);
1449 }
1450 
pr_niquery_reply_name(struct ni_hdr * nih,int len)1451 void pr_niquery_reply_name(struct ni_hdr *nih, int len)
1452 {
1453 	__u8 *h = (__u8 *)(nih + 1);
1454 	__u8 *p = h + 4;
1455 	__u8 *end = (__u8 *)nih + len;
1456 	int continued = 0;
1457 	char buf[1024];
1458 	int ret;
1459 
1460 	len -= sizeof(struct ni_hdr) + 4;
1461 
1462 	if (len < 0) {
1463 		printf(" parse error (too short)");
1464 		return;
1465 	}
1466 	while (p < end) {
1467 		int fqdn = 1;
1468 		int i;
1469 
1470 		memset(buf, 0xff, sizeof(buf));
1471 
1472 		if (continued)
1473 			putchar(',');
1474 
1475 		ret = dn_expand(h, end, p, buf, sizeof(buf));
1476 		if (ret < 0) {
1477 			printf(" parse error (truncated)");
1478 			break;
1479 		}
1480 		if (p + ret < end && *(p + ret) == '\0')
1481 			fqdn = 0;
1482 
1483 		putchar(' ');
1484 		for (i = 0; i < strlen(buf); i++)
1485 			putchar_safe(buf[i]);
1486 		if (fqdn)
1487 			putchar('.');
1488 
1489 		p += ret + !fqdn;
1490 
1491 		continued = 1;
1492 	}
1493 }
1494 
pr_niquery_reply_addr(struct ni_hdr * nih,int len)1495 void pr_niquery_reply_addr(struct ni_hdr *nih, int len)
1496 {
1497 	__u8 *h = (__u8 *)(nih + 1);
1498 	__u8 *p = h + 4;
1499 	__u8 *end = (__u8 *)nih + len;
1500 	int af;
1501 	int aflen;
1502 	int continued = 0;
1503 	int truncated;
1504 	char buf[1024];
1505 
1506 	switch (ntohs(nih->ni_qtype)) {
1507 	case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
1508 		af = AF_INET;
1509 		aflen = sizeof(struct in_addr);
1510 		truncated = nih->ni_flags & NI_IPV6ADDR_F_TRUNCATE;
1511 		break;
1512 	case NI_QTYPE_IPV6ADDR:
1513 		af = AF_INET6;
1514 		aflen = sizeof(struct in6_addr);
1515 		truncated = nih->ni_flags & NI_IPV4ADDR_F_TRUNCATE;
1516 		break;
1517 	default:
1518 		/* should not happen */
1519 		af = aflen = truncated = 0;
1520 	}
1521 	p = h;
1522 	if (len < 0) {
1523 		printf(" parse error (too short)");
1524 		return;
1525 	}
1526 
1527 	while (p < end) {
1528 		if (continued)
1529 			putchar(',');
1530 
1531 		if (p + sizeof(__u32) + aflen > end) {
1532 			printf(" parse error (truncated)");
1533 			break;
1534 		}
1535 		if (!inet_ntop(af, p + sizeof(__u32), buf, sizeof(buf)))
1536 			printf(" unexpeced error in inet_ntop(%s)",
1537 			       strerror(errno));
1538 		else
1539 			printf(" %s", buf);
1540 		p += sizeof(__u32) + aflen;
1541 
1542 		continued = 1;
1543 	}
1544 	if (truncated)
1545 		printf(" (truncated)");
1546 }
1547 
pr_niquery_reply(__u8 * _nih,int len)1548 void pr_niquery_reply(__u8 *_nih, int len)
1549 {
1550 	struct ni_hdr *nih = (struct ni_hdr *)_nih;
1551 
1552 	switch (nih->ni_code) {
1553 	case NI_SUCCESS:
1554 		switch (ntohs(nih->ni_qtype)) {
1555 		case NI_QTYPE_NAME:
1556 			pr_niquery_reply_name(nih, len);
1557 			break;
1558 		case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
1559 		case NI_QTYPE_IPV6ADDR:
1560 			pr_niquery_reply_addr(nih, len);
1561 			break;
1562 		default:
1563 			printf(" unknown qtype(0x%02x)", ntohs(nih->ni_qtype));
1564 		}
1565 		break;
1566 	case NI_REFUSED:
1567 		printf(" refused");
1568 		break;
1569 	case NI_UNKNOWN:
1570 		printf(" unknown");
1571 		break;
1572 	default:
1573 		printf(" unknown code(%02x)", ntohs(nih->ni_code));
1574 	}
1575 	printf("; seq=%u;", ntohsp((__u16*)nih->ni_nonce));
1576 }
1577 
1578 /*
1579  * parse_reply --
1580  *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
1581  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
1582  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
1583  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
1584  */
1585 int
parse_reply(struct msghdr * msg,int cc,void * addr,struct timeval * tv)1586 parse_reply(struct msghdr *msg, int cc, void *addr, struct timeval *tv)
1587 {
1588 	struct sockaddr_in6 *from = addr;
1589 	__u8 *buf = msg->msg_iov->iov_base;
1590 	struct cmsghdr *c;
1591 	struct icmp6_hdr *icmph;
1592 	int hops = -1;
1593 
1594 	for (c = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msg); c; c = CMSG_NXTHDR(msg, c)) {
1595 		if (c->cmsg_level != SOL_IPV6)
1596 			continue;
1597 		switch(c->cmsg_type) {
1598 		case IPV6_HOPLIMIT:
1599 #ifdef IPV6_2292HOPLIMIT
1600 		case IPV6_2292HOPLIMIT:
1601 #endif
1602 			if (c->cmsg_len < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int)))
1603 				continue;
1604 			memcpy(&hops, CMSG_DATA(c), sizeof(hops));
1605 		}
1606 	}
1607 
1608 
1609 	/* Now the ICMP part */
1610 
1611 	icmph = (struct icmp6_hdr *) buf;
1612 	if (cc < 8) {
1613 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1614 			fprintf(stderr, "ping: packet too short (%d bytes)\n", cc);
1615 		return 1;
1616 	}
1617 
1618 	if (icmph->icmp6_type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY) {
1619 		if (!is_ours(icmph->icmp6_id))
1620 			return 1;
1621 		if (gather_statistics((__u8*)icmph, sizeof(*icmph), cc,
1622 				      ntohs(icmph->icmp6_seq),
1623 				      hops, 0, tv, pr_addr(&from->sin6_addr),
1624 				      pr_echo_reply))
1625 			return 0;
1626 	} else if (icmph->icmp6_type == ICMPV6_NI_REPLY) {
1627 		struct ni_hdr *nih = (struct ni_hdr *)icmph;
1628 		int seq = niquery_check_nonce(nih->ni_nonce);
1629 		if (seq < 0)
1630 			return 1;
1631 		if (gather_statistics((__u8*)icmph, sizeof(*icmph), cc,
1632 				      seq,
1633 				      hops, 0, tv, pr_addr(&from->sin6_addr),
1634 				      pr_niquery_reply))
1635 			return 0;
1636 	} else {
1637 		int nexthdr;
1638 		struct ip6_hdr *iph1 = (struct ip6_hdr*)(icmph+1);
1639 		struct icmp6_hdr *icmph1 = (struct icmp6_hdr *)(iph1+1);
1640 
1641 		/* We must not ever fall here. All the messages but
1642 		 * echo reply are blocked by filter and error are
1643 		 * received with IPV6_RECVERR. Ugly code is preserved
1644 		 * however, just to remember what crap we avoided
1645 		 * using RECVRERR. :-)
1646 		 */
1647 
1648 		if (cc < 8+sizeof(struct ip6_hdr)+8)
1649 			return 1;
1650 
1651 		if (memcmp(&iph1->ip6_dst, &whereto.sin6_addr, 16))
1652 			return 1;
1653 
1654 		nexthdr = iph1->ip6_nxt;
1655 
1656 		if (nexthdr == 44) {
1657 			nexthdr = *(__u8*)icmph1;
1658 			icmph1++;
1659 		}
1660 		if (nexthdr == IPPROTO_ICMPV6) {
1661 			if (icmph1->icmp6_type != ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST ||
1662 			    !is_ours(icmph1->icmp6_id))
1663 				return 1;
1664 			acknowledge(ntohs(icmph1->icmp6_seq));
1665 			if (working_recverr)
1666 				return 0;
1667 			nerrors++;
1668 			if (options & F_FLOOD) {
1669 				write_stdout("\bE", 2);
1670 				return 0;
1671 			}
1672 			print_timestamp();
1673 			printf("From %s: icmp_seq=%u ", pr_addr(&from->sin6_addr), ntohs(icmph1->icmp6_seq));
1674 		} else {
1675 			/* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
1676 			if (!(options & F_VERBOSE) || uid)
1677 				return 1;
1678 			print_timestamp();
1679 			printf("From %s: ", pr_addr(&from->sin6_addr));
1680 		}
1681 		pr_icmph(icmph->icmp6_type, icmph->icmp6_code, ntohl(icmph->icmp6_mtu));
1682 	}
1683 
1684 	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1685 		if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1686 			putchar('\a');
1687 		putchar('\n');
1688 		fflush(stdout);
1689 	} else {
1690 		putchar('\a');
1691 		fflush(stdout);
1692 	}
1693 	return 0;
1694 }
1695 
1696 
pr_icmph(__u8 type,__u8 code,__u32 info)1697 int pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info)
1698 {
1699 	switch(type) {
1700 	case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH:
1701 		printf("Destination unreachable: ");
1702 		switch (code) {
1703 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
1704 			printf("No route");
1705 			break;
1706 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
1707 			printf("Administratively prohibited");
1708 			break;
1709 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_BEYONDSCOPE:
1710 			printf("Beyond scope of source address");
1711 			break;
1712 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
1713 			printf("Address unreachable");
1714 			break;
1715 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
1716 			printf("Port unreachable");
1717 			break;
1718 		default:
1719 			printf("Unknown code %d", code);
1720 			break;
1721 		}
1722 		break;
1723 	case ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG:
1724 		printf("Packet too big: mtu=%u", info);
1725 		if (code)
1726 			printf(", code=%d", code);
1727 		break;
1728 	case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED:
1729 		printf("Time exceeded: ");
1730 		if (code == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT)
1731 			printf("Hop limit");
1732 		else if (code == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_REASSEMBLY)
1733 			printf("Defragmentation failure");
1734 		else
1735 			printf("code %d", code);
1736 		break;
1737 	case ICMP6_PARAM_PROB:
1738 		printf("Parameter problem: ");
1739 		if (code == ICMP6_PARAMPROB_HEADER)
1740 			printf("Wrong header field ");
1741 		else if (code == ICMP6_PARAMPROB_NEXTHEADER)
1742 			printf("Unknown header ");
1743 		else if (code == ICMP6_PARAMPROB_OPTION)
1744 			printf("Unknown option ");
1745 		else
1746 			printf("code %d ", code);
1747 		printf ("at %u", info);
1748 		break;
1749 	case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
1750 		printf("Echo request");
1751 		break;
1752 	case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
1753 		printf("Echo reply");
1754 		break;
1755 	case MLD_LISTENER_QUERY:
1756 		printf("MLD Query");
1757 		break;
1758 	case MLD_LISTENER_REPORT:
1759 		printf("MLD Report");
1760 		break;
1761 	case MLD_LISTENER_REDUCTION:
1762 		printf("MLD Reduction");
1763 		break;
1764 	default:
1765 		printf("unknown icmp type: %u", type);
1766 
1767 	}
1768 	return 0;
1769 }
1770 
1771 #include <linux/filter.h>
1772 
install_filter(void)1773 void install_filter(void)
1774 {
1775 	static int once;
1776 	static struct sock_filter insns[] = {
1777 		BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_H|BPF_ABS, 4),  /* Load icmp echo ident */
1778 		BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, 0xAAAA, 0, 1),  /* Ours? */
1779 		BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, ~0U),  /* Yes, it passes. */
1780 		BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_B|BPF_ABS, 0),  /* Load icmp type */
1781 		BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY, 1, 0), /* Echo? */
1782 		BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, ~0U), /* No. It passes. This must not happen. */
1783 		BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0), /* Echo with wrong ident. Reject. */
1784 	};
1785 	static struct sock_fprog filter = {
1786 		sizeof insns / sizeof(insns[0]),
1787 		insns
1788 	};
1789 
1790 	if (once)
1791 		return;
1792 	once = 1;
1793 
1794 	/* Patch bpflet for current identifier. */
1795 	insns[1] = (struct sock_filter)BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, htons(ident), 0, 1);
1796 
1797 	if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter, sizeof(filter)))
1798 		perror("WARNING: failed to install socket filter\n");
1799 }
1800 
1801 
1802 /*
1803  * pr_addr --
1804  *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1805  * a hostname.
1806  */
pr_addr(struct in6_addr * addr)1807 char * pr_addr(struct in6_addr *addr)
1808 {
1809 	struct hostent *hp = NULL;
1810 	static char *s;
1811 
1812 #ifdef USE_IDN
1813 	free(s);
1814 #endif
1815 
1816 	in_pr_addr = !setjmp(pr_addr_jmp);
1817 
1818 	if (!(exiting || options&F_NUMERIC))
1819 		hp = gethostbyaddr((__u8*)addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr), AF_INET6);
1820 
1821 	in_pr_addr = 0;
1822 
1823 	if (!hp
1824 #ifdef USE_IDN
1825 	    || idna_to_unicode_lzlz(hp->h_name, &s, 0) != IDNA_SUCCESS
1826 #endif
1827 	    )
1828 		s = NULL;
1829 
1830 	return hp ? (s ? s : hp->h_name) : pr_addr_n(addr);
1831 }
1832 
pr_addr_n(struct in6_addr * addr)1833 char * pr_addr_n(struct in6_addr *addr)
1834 {
1835 	static char str[64];
1836 	inet_ntop(AF_INET6, addr, str, sizeof(str));
1837 	return str;
1838 }
1839 
1840 #define USAGE_NEWLINE	"\n            "
1841 
usage(void)1842 void usage(void)
1843 {
1844 	fprintf(stderr,
1845 		"Usage: ping6"
1846 		" [-"
1847 			"aAbBdDfhLnOqrRUvV"
1848 		"]"
1849 		" [-c count]"
1850 		" [-i interval]"
1851 		" [-I interface]"
1852 		USAGE_NEWLINE
1853 		" [-l preload]"
1854 		" [-m mark]"
1855 		" [-M pmtudisc_option]"
1856 		USAGE_NEWLINE
1857 		" [-N nodeinfo_option]"
1858 		" [-p pattern]"
1859 		" [-Q tclass]"
1860 		" [-s packetsize]"
1861 		USAGE_NEWLINE
1862 		" [-S sndbuf]"
1863 		" [-t ttl]"
1864 		" [-T timestamp_option]"
1865 		" [-w deadline]"
1866 		USAGE_NEWLINE
1867 		" [-W timeout]"
1868 #ifdef ENABLE_PING6_RTHDR
1869 		" [hop1 ...]"
1870 #endif
1871 		" destination"
1872 		"\n"
1873 	);
1874 	exit(2);
1875 }
1876