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1 /*
2  * QEMU Executable loader
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  *
24  * Gunzip functionality in this file is derived from u-boot:
25  *
26  * (C) Copyright 2008 Semihalf
27  *
28  * (C) Copyright 2000-2005
29  * Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
30  *
31  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
32  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
33  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
34  * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
35  *
36  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
37  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
38  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	 See the
39  * GNU General Public License for more details.
40  *
41  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
42  * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
43  * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
44  */
45 
46 #include "qemu-common.h"
47 #include "disas/disas.h"
48 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
49 #include "uboot_image.h"
50 
51 #include <zlib.h>
52 
53 /* return the size or -1 if error */
get_image_size(const char * filename)54 int get_image_size(const char *filename)
55 {
56     int fd, size;
57     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
58     if (fd < 0)
59         return -1;
60     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
61     close(fd);
62     return size;
63 }
64 
65 /* return the size or -1 if error */
66 /* deprecated, because caller does not specify buffer size! */
load_image(const char * filename,uint8_t * addr)67 int load_image(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr)
68 {
69     int fd, size;
70     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
71     if (fd < 0)
72         return -1;
73     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
74     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
75     if (read(fd, addr, size) != size) {
76         close(fd);
77         return -1;
78     }
79     close(fd);
80     return size;
81 }
82 
83 /* return the amount read, just like fread.  0 may mean error or eof */
fread_targphys(hwaddr dst_addr,size_t nbytes,FILE * f)84 int fread_targphys(hwaddr dst_addr, size_t nbytes, FILE *f)
85 {
86     uint8_t buf[4096];
87     hwaddr dst_begin = dst_addr;
88     size_t want, did;
89 
90     while (nbytes) {
91 	want = nbytes > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : nbytes;
92 	did = fread(buf, 1, want, f);
93 
94 	cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dst_addr, buf, did);
95 	dst_addr += did;
96 	nbytes -= did;
97 	if (did != want)
98 	    break;
99     }
100     return dst_addr - dst_begin;
101 }
102 
103 /* returns 0 on error, 1 if ok */
fread_targphys_ok(hwaddr dst_addr,size_t nbytes,FILE * f)104 int fread_targphys_ok(hwaddr dst_addr, size_t nbytes, FILE *f)
105 {
106     return fread_targphys(dst_addr, nbytes, f) == nbytes;
107 }
108 
109 /* read()-like version */
read_targphys(int fd,hwaddr dst_addr,size_t nbytes)110 int read_targphys(int fd, hwaddr dst_addr, size_t nbytes)
111 {
112     uint8_t buf[4096];
113     hwaddr dst_begin = dst_addr;
114     size_t want, did;
115 
116     while (nbytes) {
117 	want = nbytes > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : nbytes;
118 	did = read(fd, buf, want);
119 	if (did != want) break;
120 
121 	cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dst_addr, buf, did);
122 	dst_addr += did;
123 	nbytes -= did;
124     }
125     return dst_addr - dst_begin;
126 }
127 
128 /* return the size or -1 if error */
load_image_targphys(const char * filename,hwaddr addr,int max_sz)129 int load_image_targphys(const char *filename,
130 			hwaddr addr, int max_sz)
131 {
132     FILE *f;
133     size_t got;
134 
135     f = fopen(filename, "rb");
136     if (!f) return -1;
137 
138     got = fread_targphys(addr, max_sz, f);
139     if (ferror(f)) { fclose(f); return -1; }
140     fclose(f);
141 
142     return got;
143 }
144 
pstrcpy_targphys(const char * name,hwaddr dest,int buf_size,const char * source)145 void pstrcpy_targphys(const char* name,
146                       hwaddr dest, int buf_size,
147                       const char *source)
148 {
149     static const uint8_t nul_byte = 0;
150     const char *nulp;
151 
152     if (buf_size <= 0) return;
153     nulp = memchr(source, 0, buf_size);
154     if (nulp) {
155 	cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source,
156                                       (nulp - source) + 1);
157     } else {
158 	cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source, buf_size - 1);
159 	cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, &nul_byte, 1);
160     }
161 }
162 
163 /* A.OUT loader */
164 
165 struct exec
166 {
167   uint32_t a_info;   /* Use macros N_MAGIC, etc for access */
168   uint32_t a_text;   /* length of text, in bytes */
169   uint32_t a_data;   /* length of data, in bytes */
170   uint32_t a_bss;    /* length of uninitialized data area, in bytes */
171   uint32_t a_syms;   /* length of symbol table data in file, in bytes */
172   uint32_t a_entry;  /* start address */
173   uint32_t a_trsize; /* length of relocation info for text, in bytes */
174   uint32_t a_drsize; /* length of relocation info for data, in bytes */
175 };
176 
177 #ifdef BSWAP_NEEDED
bswap_ahdr(struct exec * e)178 static void bswap_ahdr(struct exec *e)
179 {
180     bswap32s(&e->a_info);
181     bswap32s(&e->a_text);
182     bswap32s(&e->a_data);
183     bswap32s(&e->a_bss);
184     bswap32s(&e->a_syms);
185     bswap32s(&e->a_entry);
186     bswap32s(&e->a_trsize);
187     bswap32s(&e->a_drsize);
188 }
189 #else
190 #define bswap_ahdr(x) do { } while (0)
191 #endif
192 
193 #define N_MAGIC(exec) ((exec).a_info & 0xffff)
194 #define OMAGIC 0407
195 #define NMAGIC 0410
196 #define ZMAGIC 0413
197 #define QMAGIC 0314
198 #define _N_HDROFF(x) (1024 - sizeof (struct exec))
199 #define N_TXTOFF(x)							\
200     (N_MAGIC(x) == ZMAGIC ? _N_HDROFF((x)) + sizeof (struct exec) :	\
201      (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? 0 : sizeof (struct exec)))
202 #define N_TXTADDR(x) (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? TARGET_PAGE_SIZE : 0)
203 #define _N_SEGMENT_ROUND(x) (((x) + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1) & ~(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1))
204 
205 #define _N_TXTENDADDR(x) (N_TXTADDR(x)+(x).a_text)
206 
207 #define N_DATADDR(x) \
208     (N_MAGIC(x)==OMAGIC? (_N_TXTENDADDR(x)) \
209      : (_N_SEGMENT_ROUND (_N_TXTENDADDR(x))))
210 
211 
load_aout(const char * filename,hwaddr addr,int max_sz)212 int load_aout(const char *filename, hwaddr addr, int max_sz)
213 {
214     int fd, size, ret;
215     struct exec e;
216     uint32_t magic;
217 
218     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
219     if (fd < 0)
220         return -1;
221 
222     size = read(fd, &e, sizeof(e));
223     if (size < 0)
224         goto fail;
225 
226     bswap_ahdr(&e);
227 
228     magic = N_MAGIC(e);
229     switch (magic) {
230     case ZMAGIC:
231     case QMAGIC:
232     case OMAGIC:
233         if (e.a_text + e.a_data > max_sz)
234             goto fail;
235 	lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
236 	size = read_targphys(fd, addr, e.a_text + e.a_data);
237 	if (size < 0)
238 	    goto fail;
239 	break;
240     case NMAGIC:
241         if (N_DATADDR(e) + e.a_data > max_sz)
242             goto fail;
243 	lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
244 	size = read_targphys(fd, addr, e.a_text);
245 	if (size < 0)
246 	    goto fail;
247 	ret = read_targphys(fd, addr + N_DATADDR(e), e.a_data);
248 	if (ret < 0)
249 	    goto fail;
250 	size += ret;
251 	break;
252     default:
253 	goto fail;
254     }
255     close(fd);
256     return size;
257  fail:
258     close(fd);
259     return -1;
260 }
261 
262 /* ELF loader */
263 
load_at(int fd,int offset,int size)264 static void *load_at(int fd, int offset, int size)
265 {
266     void *ptr;
267     if (lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
268         return NULL;
269     ptr = g_malloc(size);
270     if (read(fd, ptr, size) != size) {
271         g_free(ptr);
272         return NULL;
273     }
274     return ptr;
275 }
276 
277 
278 #define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
279 #include "elf.h"
280 
281 #define SZ		32
282 #define elf_word        uint32_t
283 #define elf_sword        int32_t
284 #define bswapSZs	bswap32s
285 #include "hw/elf_ops.h"
286 
287 #undef elfhdr
288 #undef elf_phdr
289 #undef elf_shdr
290 #undef elf_sym
291 #undef elf_note
292 #undef elf_word
293 #undef elf_sword
294 #undef bswapSZs
295 #undef SZ
296 #define elfhdr		elf64_hdr
297 #define elf_phdr	elf64_phdr
298 #define elf_note	elf64_note
299 #define elf_shdr	elf64_shdr
300 #define elf_sym		elf64_sym
301 #define elf_word        uint64_t
302 #define elf_sword        int64_t
303 #define bswapSZs	bswap64s
304 #define SZ		64
305 #include "hw/elf_ops.h"
306 
307 /* return < 0 if error, otherwise the number of bytes loaded in memory */
load_elf(const char * filename,int64_t address_offset,uint64_t * pentry,uint64_t * lowaddr,uint64_t * highaddr)308 int load_elf(const char *filename, int64_t address_offset,
309              uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr)
310 {
311     int fd, data_order, host_data_order, must_swab, ret;
312     uint8_t e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
313 
314     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
315     if (fd < 0) {
316         perror(filename);
317         return -1;
318     }
319     if (read(fd, e_ident, sizeof(e_ident)) != sizeof(e_ident))
320         goto fail;
321     if (e_ident[0] != ELFMAG0 ||
322         e_ident[1] != ELFMAG1 ||
323         e_ident[2] != ELFMAG2 ||
324         e_ident[3] != ELFMAG3)
325         goto fail;
326 #ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
327     data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
328 #else
329     data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
330 #endif
331     must_swab = data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA];
332 
333 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
334     host_data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
335 #else
336     host_data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
337 #endif
338     if (host_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA])
339         return -1;
340 
341     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
342     if (e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
343         ret = load_elf64(fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
344                          lowaddr, highaddr);
345     } else {
346         ret = load_elf32(fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
347                          lowaddr, highaddr);
348     }
349 
350     close(fd);
351     return ret;
352 
353  fail:
354     close(fd);
355     return -1;
356 }
357 
bswap_uboot_header(uboot_image_header_t * hdr)358 static void bswap_uboot_header(uboot_image_header_t *hdr)
359 {
360 #ifndef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
361     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_magic);
362     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_hcrc);
363     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_time);
364     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_size);
365     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_load);
366     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_ep);
367     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_dcrc);
368 #endif
369 }
370 
371 
372 #define ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT	16
373 
zalloc(void * x,unsigned items,unsigned size)374 static void *zalloc(void *x, unsigned items, unsigned size)
375 {
376     void *p;
377 
378     size *= items;
379     size = (size + ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1) & ~(ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1);
380 
381     p = g_malloc(size);
382 
383     return (p);
384 }
385 
zfree(void * x,void * addr)386 static void zfree(void *x, void *addr)
387 {
388     g_free(addr);
389 }
390 
391 
392 #define HEAD_CRC	2
393 #define EXTRA_FIELD	4
394 #define ORIG_NAME	8
395 #define COMMENT		0x10
396 #define RESERVED	0xe0
397 
398 #define DEFLATED	8
399 
400 /* This is the maximum in uboot, so if a uImage overflows this, it would
401  * overflow on real hardware too. */
402 #define UBOOT_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES 0x800000
403 
gunzip(void * dst,size_t dstlen,uint8_t * src,size_t srclen)404 static ssize_t gunzip(void *dst, size_t dstlen, uint8_t *src,
405                       size_t srclen)
406 {
407     z_stream s;
408     ssize_t dstbytes;
409     int r, i, flags;
410 
411     /* skip header */
412     i = 10;
413     flags = src[3];
414     if (src[2] != DEFLATED || (flags & RESERVED) != 0) {
415         puts ("Error: Bad gzipped data\n");
416         return -1;
417     }
418     if ((flags & EXTRA_FIELD) != 0)
419         i = 12 + src[10] + (src[11] << 8);
420     if ((flags & ORIG_NAME) != 0)
421         while (src[i++] != 0)
422             ;
423     if ((flags & COMMENT) != 0)
424         while (src[i++] != 0)
425             ;
426     if ((flags & HEAD_CRC) != 0)
427         i += 2;
428     if (i >= srclen) {
429         puts ("Error: gunzip out of data in header\n");
430         return -1;
431     }
432 
433     s.zalloc = zalloc;
434     s.zfree = zfree;
435 
436     r = inflateInit2(&s, -MAX_WBITS);
437     if (r != Z_OK) {
438         printf ("Error: inflateInit2() returned %d\n", r);
439         return (-1);
440     }
441     s.next_in = src + i;
442     s.avail_in = srclen - i;
443     s.next_out = dst;
444     s.avail_out = dstlen;
445     r = inflate(&s, Z_FINISH);
446     if (r != Z_OK && r != Z_STREAM_END) {
447         printf ("Error: inflate() returned %d\n", r);
448         return -1;
449     }
450     dstbytes = s.next_out - (unsigned char *) dst;
451     inflateEnd(&s);
452 
453     return dstbytes;
454 }
455 
456 /* Load a U-Boot image.  */
load_uimage(const char * filename,target_ulong * ep,target_ulong * loadaddr,int * is_linux)457 int load_uimage(const char *filename, target_ulong *ep, target_ulong *loadaddr,
458                 int *is_linux)
459 {
460     int fd;
461     int size;
462     uboot_image_header_t h;
463     uboot_image_header_t *hdr = &h;
464     uint8_t *data = NULL;
465     int ret = -1;
466 
467     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
468     if (fd < 0)
469         return -1;
470 
471     size = read(fd, hdr, sizeof(uboot_image_header_t));
472     if (size < 0)
473         goto out;
474 
475     bswap_uboot_header(hdr);
476 
477     if (hdr->ih_magic != IH_MAGIC)
478         goto out;
479 
480     /* TODO: Implement other image types.  */
481     if (hdr->ih_type != IH_TYPE_KERNEL) {
482         fprintf(stderr, "Can only load u-boot image type \"kernel\"\n");
483         goto out;
484     }
485 
486     switch (hdr->ih_comp) {
487     case IH_COMP_NONE:
488     case IH_COMP_GZIP:
489         break;
490     default:
491         fprintf(stderr,
492                 "Unable to load u-boot images with compression type %d\n",
493                 hdr->ih_comp);
494         goto out;
495     }
496 
497     /* TODO: Check CPU type.  */
498     if (is_linux) {
499         if (hdr->ih_os == IH_OS_LINUX)
500             *is_linux = 1;
501         else
502             *is_linux = 0;
503     }
504 
505     *ep = hdr->ih_ep;
506     data = g_malloc(hdr->ih_size);
507 
508     if (read(fd, data, hdr->ih_size) != hdr->ih_size) {
509         fprintf(stderr, "Error reading file\n");
510         goto out;
511     }
512 
513     if (hdr->ih_comp == IH_COMP_GZIP) {
514         uint8_t *compressed_data;
515         size_t max_bytes;
516         ssize_t bytes;
517 
518         compressed_data = data;
519         max_bytes = UBOOT_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES;
520         data = g_malloc(max_bytes);
521 
522         bytes = gunzip(data, max_bytes, compressed_data, hdr->ih_size);
523         g_free(compressed_data);
524         if (bytes < 0) {
525             fprintf(stderr, "Unable to decompress gzipped image!\n");
526             goto out;
527         }
528         hdr->ih_size = bytes;
529     }
530 
531     cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(hdr->ih_load, data, hdr->ih_size);
532 
533     if (loadaddr)
534         *loadaddr = hdr->ih_load;
535 
536     ret = hdr->ih_size;
537 
538 out:
539     if (data)
540         g_free(data);
541     close(fd);
542     return ret;
543 }
544