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1================
2Cython Changelog
3================
4
50.20.2 (2014-06-16)
6===================
7
8Features added
9--------------
10
11* Some optimisations for set/frozenset instantiation.
12
13* Support for C++ unordered_set and unordered_map.
14
15Bugs fixed
16----------
17
18* Access to attributes of optimised builtin methods (e.g.
19  ``[].append.__name__``) could fail to compile.
20
21* Memory leak when extension subtypes add a memory view as attribute
22  to those of the parent type without having Python object attributes
23  or a user provided dealloc method.
24
25* Compiler crash on readonly properties in "binding" mode.
26
27* Auto-encoding with ``c_string_encoding=ascii`` failed in Py3.3.
28
29* Crash when subtyping freelist enabled Cython extension types with
30  Python classes that use ``__slots__``.
31
32* Freelist usage is restricted to CPython to avoid problems with other
33  Python implementations.
34
35* Memory leak in memory views when copying overlapping, contiguous slices.
36
37* Format checking when requesting non-contiguous buffers from
38  ``cython.array`` objects was disabled in Py3.
39
40* C++ destructor calls in extension types could fail to compile in clang.
41
42* Buffer format validation failed for sequences of strings in structs.
43
44* Docstrings on extension type attributes in .pxd files were rejected.
45
46
470.20.1 (2014-02-11)
48===================
49
50Bugs fixed
51----------
52
53* Build error under recent MacOS-X versions where ``isspace()`` could not be
54  resolved by clang.
55
56* List/Tuple literals multiplied by more than one factor were only multiplied
57  by the last factor instead of all.
58
59* Lookups of special methods (specifically for context managers) could fail
60  in Python <= 2.6/3.1.
61
62* Local variables were erroneously appended to the signature introspection
63  of Cython implemented functions with keyword-only arguments under Python 3.
64
65* In-place assignments to variables with inferred Python builtin/extension
66  types could fail with type errors if the result value type was incompatible
67  with the type of the previous value.
68
69* The C code generation order of cdef classes, closures, helper code,
70  etc. was not deterministic, thus leading to high code churn.
71
72* Type inference could fail to deduce C enum types.
73
74* Type inference could deduce unsafe or inefficient types from integer
75  assignments within a mix of inferred Python variables and integer
76  variables.
77
78
79
800.20 (2014-01-18)
81=================
82
83Features added
84--------------
85
86* Support for CPython 3.4.
87
88* Support for calling C++ template functions.
89
90* ``yield`` is supported in ``finally`` clauses.
91
92* The C code generated for finally blocks is duplicated for each exit
93  case to allow for better optimisations by the C compiler.
94
95* Cython tries to undo the Python optimisationism of assigning a bound
96  method to a local variable when it can generate better code for the
97  direct call.
98
99* Constant Python float values are cached.
100
101* String equality comparisons can use faster type specific code in
102  more cases than before.
103
104* String/Unicode formatting using the '%' operator uses a faster
105  C-API call.
106
107* ``bytearray`` has become a known type and supports coercion from and
108  to C strings.  Indexing, slicing and decoding is optimised. Note that
109  this may have an impact on existing code due to type inference.
110
111* Using ``cdef basestring stringvar`` and function arguments typed as
112  ``basestring`` is now meaningful and allows assigning exactly
113  ``str`` and ``unicode`` objects, but no subtypes of these types.
114
115* Support for the ``__debug__`` builtin.
116
117* Assertions in Cython compiled modules are disabled if the running
118  Python interpreter was started with the "-O" option.
119
120* Some types that Cython provides internally, such as functions and
121  generators, are now shared across modules if more than one Cython
122  implemented module is imported.
123
124* The type inference algorithm works more fine granular by taking the
125  results of the control flow analysis into account.
126
127* A new script in ``bin/cythonize`` provides a command line frontend
128  to the cythonize() compilation function (including distutils build).
129
130* The new extension type decorator ``@cython.no_gc_clear`` prevents
131  objects from being cleared during cyclic garbage collection, thus
132  making sure that object attributes are kept alive until deallocation.
133
134* During cyclic garbage collection, attributes of extension types that
135  cannot create reference cycles due to their type (e.g. strings) are
136  no longer considered for traversal or clearing.  This can reduce the
137  processing overhead when searching for or cleaning up reference cycles.
138
139* Package compilation (i.e. ``__init__.py`` files) now works, starting
140  with Python 3.3.
141
142* The cython-mode.el script for Emacs was updated.  Patch by Ivan Andrus.
143
144* An option common_utility_include_dir was added to cythonize() to save
145  oft-used utility code once in a separate directory rather than as
146  part of each generated file.
147
148* ``unraisable_tracebacks`` directive added to control printing of
149  tracebacks of unraisable exceptions.
150
151Bugs fixed
152----------
153
154* Abstract Python classes that subtyped a Cython extension type
155  failed to raise an exception on instantiation, and thus ended
156  up being instantiated.
157
158* ``set.add(a_tuple)`` and ``set.discard(a_tuple)`` failed with a
159  TypeError in Py2.4.
160
161* The PEP 3155 ``__qualname__`` was incorrect for nested classes and
162  inner classes/functions declared as ``global``.
163
164* Several corner cases in the try-finally statement were fixed.
165
166* The metaclass of a Python class was not inherited from its parent
167  class(es).  It is now extracted from the list of base classes if not
168  provided explicitly using the Py3 ``metaclass`` keyword argument.
169  In Py2 compilation mode, a ``__metaclass__`` entry in the class
170  dict will still take precedence if not using Py3 metaclass syntax,
171  but only *after* creating the class dict (which may have been done
172  by a metaclass of a base class, see PEP 3115).  It is generally
173  recommended to use the explicit Py3 syntax to define metaclasses
174  for Python types at compile time.
175
176* The automatic C switch statement generation behaves more safely for
177  heterogeneous value types (e.g. mixing enum and char), allowing for
178  a slightly wider application and reducing corner cases.  It now always
179  generates a 'default' clause to avoid C compiler warnings about
180  unmatched enum values.
181
182* Fixed a bug where class hierarchies declared out-of-order could result
183  in broken generated code.
184
185* Fixed a bug which prevented overriding const methods of C++ classes.
186
187* Fixed a crash when converting Python objects to C++ strings fails.
188
189Other changes
190-------------
191
192* In Py3 compilation mode, Python2-style metaclasses declared by a
193  ``__metaclass__`` class dict entry are ignored.
194
195* In Py3.4+, the Cython generator type uses ``tp_finalize()`` for safer
196  cleanup instead of ``tp_del()``.
197
198
1990.19.2 (2013-10-13)
200===================
201
202Features added
203--------------
204
205Bugs fixed
206----------
207
208* Some standard declarations were fixed or updated, including the previously
209  incorrect declaration of ``PyBuffer_FillInfo()`` and some missing bits in
210  ``libc.math``.
211
212* Heap allocated subtypes of ``type`` used the wrong base type struct at the
213  C level.
214
215* Calling the unbound method dict.keys/value/items() in dict subtypes could
216  call the bound object method instead of the unbound supertype method.
217
218* "yield" wasn't supported in "return" value expressions.
219
220* Using the "bint" type in memory views lead to unexpected results.
221  It is now an error.
222
223* Assignments to global/closure variables could catch them in an illegal state
224  while deallocating the old value.
225
226Other changes
227-------------
228
229
2300.19.1 (2013-05-11)
231===================
232
233Features added
234--------------
235
236* Completely empty C-API structs for extension type slots (protocols like
237  number/mapping/sequence) are no longer generated into the C code.
238
239* Docstrings that directly follow a public/readonly attribute declaration
240  in a cdef class will be used as docstring of the auto-generated property.
241  This fixes ticket 206.
242
243* The automatic signature documentation tries to preserve more semantics
244  of default arguments and argument types.  Specifically, ``bint`` arguments
245  now appear as type ``bool``.
246
247* A warning is emitted when negative literal indices are found inside of
248  a code section that disables ``wraparound`` handling.  This helps with
249  fixing invalid code that might fail in the face of future compiler
250  optimisations.
251
252* Constant folding for boolean expressions (and/or) was improved.
253
254* Added a build_dir option to cythonize() which allows one to place
255  the generated .c files outside the source tree.
256
257Bugs fixed
258----------
259
260* ``isinstance(X, type)`` failed to get optimised into a call to
261  ``PyType_Check()``, as done for other builtin types.
262
263* A spurious "from datetime cimport *" was removed from the "cpython"
264  declaration package. This means that the "datetime" declarations
265  (added in 0.19) are no longer available directly from the "cpython"
266  namespace, but only from "cpython.datetime". This is the correct
267  way of doing it because the declarations refer to a standard library
268  module, not the core CPython C-API itself.
269
270* The C code for extension types is now generated in topological order
271  instead of source code order to avoid C compiler errors about missing
272  declarations for subtypes that are defined before their parent.
273
274* The ``memoryview`` type name no longer shows up in the module dict of
275  modules that use memory views.  This fixes trac ticket 775.
276
277* Regression in 0.19 that rejected valid C expressions from being used
278  in C array size declarations.
279
280* In C++ mode, the C99-only keyword ``restrict`` could accidentally be
281  seen by the GNU C++ compiler. It is now specially handled for both
282  GCC and MSVC.
283
284* Testing large (> int) C integer values for their truth value could fail
285  due to integer wrap-around.
286
287Other changes
288-------------
289
290
2910.19 (2013-04-19)
292=================
293
294Features added
295--------------
296
297* New directives ``c_string_type`` and ``c_string_encoding`` to more easily
298  and automatically convert between C strings and the different Python string
299  types.
300
301* The extension type flag ``Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG`` is enabled by default
302  on extension types and can be disabled using the ``type_version_tag`` compiler
303  directive.
304
305* EXPERIMENTAL support for simple Cython code level line tracing.  Enabled by
306  the "linetrace" compiler directive.
307
308* Cython implemented functions make their argument and return type annotations
309  available through the ``__annotations__`` attribute (PEP 3107).
310
311* Access to non-cdef module globals and Python object attributes is faster.
312
313* ``Py_UNICODE*`` coerces from and to Python unicode strings.  This is
314  helpful when talking to Windows APIs, which use compatible wchar_t
315  arrays for strings.  Note that the ``Py_UNICODE`` type is otherwise
316  deprecated as of CPython 3.3.
317
318* ``isinstance(obj, basestring)`` is optimised.  In Python 3 it only tests
319  for instances of ``str`` (i.e. Py2 ``unicode``).
320
321* The ``basestring`` builtin is mapped to ``str`` (i.e. Py2 ``unicode``) when
322  compiling the generated C code under Python 3.
323
324* Closures use freelists, which can speed up their creation quite substantially.
325  This is also visible for short running generator expressions, for example.
326
327* A new class decorator ``@cython.freelist(N)`` creates a static freelist of N
328  instances for an extension type, thus avoiding the costly allocation step if
329  possible. This can speed up object instantiation by 20-30% in suitable
330  scenarios. Note that freelists are currently only supported for base types,
331  not for types that inherit from others.
332
333* Fast extension type instantiation using the ``Type.__new__(Type)`` idiom has
334  gained support for passing arguments.  It is also a bit faster for types defined
335  inside of the module.
336
337* The Python2-only dict methods ``.iter*()`` and ``.view*()`` (requires Python 2.7)
338  are automatically mapped to the equivalent keys/values/items methods in Python 3
339  for typed dictionaries.
340
341* Slicing unicode strings, lists and tuples is faster.
342
343* list.append() is faster on average.
344
345* ``raise Exception() from None`` suppresses the exception context in Py3.3.
346
347* Py3 compatible ``exec(tuple)`` syntax is supported in Py2 code.
348
349* Keyword arguments are supported for cdef functions.
350
351* External C++ classes can be declared nogil.  Patch by John Stumpo.  This fixes
352  trac ticket 805.
353
354Bugs fixed
355----------
356
357* 2-value slicing of unknown objects passes the correct slice when the ``getitem``
358  protocol is used instead of the ``getslice`` protocol (especially in Python 3),
359  i.e. ``None`` values for missing bounds instead of ``[0,maxsize]``.  It is also
360  a bit faster in some cases, e.g. for constant bounds.  This fixes trac ticket 636.
361
362* Cascaded assignments of None values to extension type variables failed with
363  a ``TypeError`` at runtime.
364
365* The ``__defaults__`` attribute was not writable for Cython implemented
366  functions.
367
368* Default values of keyword-only arguments showed up in ``__defaults__`` instead
369  of ``__kwdefaults__`` (which was not implemented).  Both are available for
370  Cython implemented functions now, as specified in Python 3.x.
371
372* ``yield`` works inside of ``with gil`` sections.  It previously lead to a crash.
373  This fixes trac ticket 803.
374
375* Static methods without explicitly named positional arguments (e.g. having only
376  ``*args``) crashed when being called.  This fixes trac ticket 804.
377
378* ``dir()`` without arguments previously returned an unsorted list, which now
379  gets sorted as expected.
380
381* ``dict.items()``, ``dict.keys()`` and ``dict.values()`` no longer return lists
382  in Python 3.
383
384* Exiting from an ``except-as`` clause now deletes the exception in Python 3 mode.
385
386* The declarations of ``frexp()`` and ``ldexp()`` in ``math.pxd`` were incorrect.
387
388Other changes
389-------------
390
391
3920.18 (2013-01-28)
393=================
394
395Features added
396--------------
397
398* Named Unicode escapes ("\N{...}") are supported.
399
400* Python functions/classes provide the special attribute "__qualname__"
401  as defined by PEP 3155.
402
403* Added a directive ``overflowcheck`` which raises an OverflowException when
404  arithmetic with C ints overflow.  This has a modest performance penalty, but
405  is much faster than using Python ints.
406
407* Calls to nested Python functions are resolved at compile time.
408
409* Type inference works across nested functions.
410
411* ``py_bytes_string.decode(...)`` is optimised.
412
413* C ``const`` declarations are supported in the language.
414
415Bugs fixed
416----------
417
418* Automatic C++ exception mapping didn't work in nogil functions (only in
419  "with nogil" blocks).
420
421Other changes
422-------------
423
424
4250.17.4 (2013-01-03)
426===================
427
428Bugs fixed
429----------
430
431* Garbage collection triggered during deallocation of container classes could lead to a double-deallocation.
432
433
4340.17.3 (2012-12-14)
435===================
436
437Features added
438--------------
439
440Bugs fixed
441----------
442
443* During final interpreter cleanup (with types cleanup enabled at compile time), extension types that inherit from base types over more than one level that were cimported from other modules could lead to a crash.
444
445* Weak-reference support in extension types (with a ``cdef __weakref__`` attribute) generated incorrect deallocation code.
446
447* In CPython 3.3, converting a Unicode character to the Py_UNICODE type could fail to raise an overflow for non-BMP characters that do not fit into a wchar_t on the current platform.
448
449* Negative C integer constants lost their longness suffix in the generated C code.
450
451Other changes
452-------------
453
454
4550.17.2 (2012-11-20)
456===================
457
458Features added
459--------------
460
461* ``cythonize()`` gained a best effort compile mode that can be used to simply ignore .py files that fail to compile.
462
463Bugs fixed
464----------
465
466* Replacing an object reference with the value of one of its cdef attributes could generate incorrect C code that accessed the object after deleting its last reference.
467
468* C-to-Python type coercions during cascaded comparisons could generate invalid C code, specifically when using the 'in' operator.
469
470* "obj[1,]" passed a single integer into the item getter instead of a tuple.
471
472* Cyclic imports at module init time did not work in Py3.
473
474* The names of C++ destructors for template classes were built incorrectly.
475
476* In pure mode, type casts in Cython syntax and the C ampersand operator are now rejected. Use the pure mode replacements instead.
477
478* In pure mode, C type names and the sizeof() function are no longer recognised as such and can be used as normal Python names.
479
480* The extended C level support for the CPython array type was declared too late to be used by user defined classes.
481
482* C++ class nesting was broken.
483
484* Better checking for required nullary constructors for stack-allocated C++ instances.
485
486* Remove module docstring in no-docstring mode.
487
488* Fix specialization for varargs function signatures.
489
490* Fix several compiler crashes.
491
492Other changes
493-------------
494
495* An experimental distutils script for compiling the CPython standard library was added as Tools/cystdlib.py.
496
497
4980.17.1 (2012-09-26)
499===================
500
501Features added
502--------------
503
504Bugs fixed
505----------
506
507* A reference leak was fixed in the new dict iteration code when the loop target was not a plain variable but an unpacked tuple.
508
509* Memory views did not handle the special case of a NULL buffer strides value, as allowed by PEP3118.
510
511Other changes
512-------------
513
514
5150.17 (2012-09-01)
516=================
517
518Features added
519--------------
520
521* Alpha quality support for compiling and running Cython generated extension modules in PyPy (through cpyext). Note that this requires at least PyPy 1.9 and in many cases also adaptations in user code, especially to avoid borrowed references when no owned reference is being held directly in C space (a reference in a Python list or dict is not enough, for example). See the documentation on porting Cython code to PyPy.
522
523* "yield from" is supported (PEP 380) and a couple of minor problems with generators were fixed.
524
525* C++ STL container classes automatically coerce from and to the equivalent Python container types on typed assignments and casts. Note that the data in the containers is copied during this conversion.
526
527* C++ iterators can now be iterated over using "for x in cpp_container" whenever cpp_container has begin() and end() methods returning objects satisfying the iterator pattern (that is, it can be incremented, dereferenced, and compared (for non-equality)).
528
529* cdef classes can now have C++ class members (provided a zero-argument constructor exists)
530
531* A new cpython.array standard cimport file allows to efficiently talk to the stdlib array.array data type in Python 2. Since CPython does not export an official C-API for this module, it receives special casing by the compiler in order to avoid setup overhead on user side. In Python 3, both buffers and memory views on the array type already worked out of the box with earlier versions of Cython due to the native support for the buffer interface in the Py3 array module.
532
533* Fast dict iteration is now enabled optimistically also for untyped variables when the common iteration methods are used.
534
535* The unicode string processing code was adapted for the upcoming CPython 3.3 (PEP 393, new Unicode buffer layout).
536
537* Buffer arguments and memory view arguments in Python functions can be declared "not None" to raise a TypeError on None input.
538
539* c(p)def functions in pure mode can specify their return type with "@cython.returns()".
540
541* Automatic dispatch for fused functions with memoryview arguments
542
543* Support newaxis indexing for memoryviews
544
545* Support decorators for fused functions
546
547Bugs fixed
548----------
549
550* Old-style Py2 imports did not work reliably in Python 3.x and were broken in Python 3.3. Regardless of this fix, it's generally best to be explicit about relative and global imports in Cython code because old-style imports have a higher overhead. To this end, "from __future__ import absolute_import" is supported in Python/Cython 2.x code now (previous versions of Cython already used it when compiling Python 3 code).
551
552* Stricter constraints on the "inline" and "final" modifiers. If your code does not compile due to this change, chances are these modifiers were previously being ignored by the compiler and can be removed without any performance regression.
553
554* Exceptions are always instantiated while raising them (as in Python), instead of risking to instantiate them in potentially unsafe situations when they need to be handled or otherwise processed.
555
556* locals() properly ignores names that do not have Python compatible types (including automatically inferred types).
557
558* Some garbage collection issues of memory views were fixed.
559
560* numpy.pxd compiles in Python 3 mode.
561
562* Several C compiler warnings were fixed.
563
564* Several bugs related to memoryviews and fused types were fixed.
565
566* Several bug-fixes and improvements related to cythonize(), including ccache-style caching.
567
568Other changes
569-------------
570
571* libc.string provides a convenience declaration for const uchar in addition to const char.
572
573* User declared char* types are now recognised as such and auto-coerce to and from Python bytes strings.
574
575* callable() and next() compile to more efficient C code.
576
577* list.append() is faster on average.
578
579* Modules generated by @cython.inline() are written into the directory pointed to by the environment variable CYTHON_CACHE_DIR if set.
580
581
5820.16 (2012-04-21)
583=================
584
585Features added
586--------------
587
588* Enhancements to Cython's function type (support for weak references, default arguments, code objects, dynamic attributes, classmethods, staticmethods, and more)
589
590* Fused Types - Template-like support for functions and methods CEP 522 (docs)
591
592* Typed views on memory - Support for efficient direct and indirect buffers (indexing, slicing, transposing, ...) CEP 517 (docs)
593
594* super() without arguments
595
596* Final cdef methods (which translate into direct calls on known instances)
597
598Bugs fixed
599----------
600
601* fix alignment handling for record types in buffer support
602
603Other changes
604-------------
605
606* support default arguments for closures
607
608* search sys.path for pxd files
609
610* support C++ template casting
611
612* faster traceback building and faster generator termination
613
614* support inplace operators on indexed buffers
615
616* allow nested prange sections
617
618
6190.15.1 (2011-09-19)
620===================
621
622Features added
623--------------
624
625Bugs fixed
626----------
627
628Other changes
629-------------
630
631
6320.15 (2011-08-05)
633=================
634
635Features added
636--------------
637
638* Generators (yield) - Cython has full support for generators, generator expressions and PEP 342 coroutines.
639
640* The nonlocal keyword is supported.
641
642* Re-acquiring the gil: with gil - works as expected within a nogil context.
643
644* OpenMP support: prange.
645
646* Control flow analysis prunes dead code and emits warnings and errors about uninitialised variables.
647
648* Debugger command cy set to assign values of expressions to Cython variables and cy exec counterpart $cy_eval().
649
650* Exception chaining PEP 3134.
651
652* Relative imports PEP 328.
653
654* Improved pure syntax including cython.cclass, cython.cfunc, and cython.ccall.
655
656* The with statement has its own dedicated and faster C implementation.
657
658* Support for del.
659
660* Boundschecking directives implemented for builtin Python sequence types.
661
662* Several updates and additions to the shipped standard library .pxd files.
663
664* Forward declaration of types is no longer required for circular references.
665
666Bugs fixed
667----------
668
669Other changes
670-------------
671
672* Uninitialized variables are no longer initialized to None and accessing them has the same semantics as standard Python.
673
674* globals() now returns a read-only dict of the Cython module's globals, rather than the globals of the first non-Cython module in the stack
675
676* Many C++ exceptions are now special cased to give closer Python counterparts. This means that except+ functions that formerly raised generic RuntimeErrors may raise something else such as ArithmeticError.
677
678* The inlined generator expressions (introduced in Cython 0.13) were disabled in favour of full generator expression support. This breaks code that previously used them inside of cdef functions (usage in def functions continues to work) and induces a performance regression for cases that continue to work but that were previously inlined. We hope to reinstate this feature in the near future.
679
680
6810.14.1 (2011-02-04)
682===================
683
684Features added
685--------------
686
687* The gdb debugging support was extended to include all major Cython features, including closures.
688
689* raise MemoryError() is now safe to use as Cython replaces it with the correct C-API call.
690
691Bugs fixed
692----------
693
694Other changes
695-------------
696
697* Decorators on special methods of cdef classes now raise a compile time error rather than being ignored.
698
699* In Python 3 language level mode (-3 option), the 'str' type is now mapped to 'unicode', so that cdef str s declares a Unicode string even when running in Python 2.
700
701
7020.14 (2010-12-14)
703=================
704
705Features added
706--------------
707
708* Python classes can now be nested and receive a proper closure at definition time.
709
710* Redefinition is supported for Python functions, even within the same scope.
711
712* Lambda expressions are supported in class bodies and at the module level.
713
714* Metaclasses are supported for Python classes, both in Python 2 and Python 3 syntax. The Python 3 syntax (using a keyword argument in the type declaration) is preferred and optimised at compile time.
715
716* "final" extension classes prevent inheritance in Python space. This feature is available through the new "cython.final" decorator. In the future, these classes may receive further optimisations.
717
718* "internal" extension classes do not show up in the module dictionary. This feature is available through the new "cython.internal" decorator.
719
720* Extension type inheritance from builtin types, such as "cdef class MyUnicode(unicode)", now works without further external type redeclarations (which are also strongly discouraged now and continue to issue a warning).
721
722* GDB support. http://docs.cython.org/src/userguide/debugging.html
723
724* A new build system with support for inline distutils directives, correct dependency tracking, and parallel compilation. http://wiki.cython.org/enhancements/distutils_preprocessing
725
726* Support for dynamic compilation at runtime via the new cython.inline function and cython.compile decorator. http://wiki.cython.org/enhancements/inline
727
728* "nogil" blocks are supported when compiling pure Python code by writing "with cython.nogil".
729
730* Iterating over arbitrary pointer types is now supported, as is an optimized version of the in operator, e.g. x in ptr[a:b].
731
732Bugs fixed
733----------
734
735* In parallel assignments, the right side was evaluated in reverse order in 0.13. This could result in errors if it had side effects (e.g. function calls).
736
737* In some cases, methods of builtin types would raise a SystemError instead of an AttributeError when called on None.
738
739Other changes
740-------------
741
742* Constant tuples are now cached over the lifetime of an extension module, just like CPython does. Constant argument tuples of Python function calls are also cached.
743
744* Closures have tightened to include exactly the names used in the inner functions and classes. Previously, they held the complete locals of the defining function.
745
746* The builtin "next()" function in Python 2.6 and later is now implemented internally and therefore available in all Python versions. This makes it the preferred and portable way of manually advancing an iterator.
747
748* In addition to the previously supported inlined generator expressions in 0.13, "sorted(genexpr)" can now be used as well. Typing issues were fixed in "sum(genexpr)" that could lead to invalid C code being generated. Other known issues with inlined generator expressions were also fixed that make upgrading to 0.14 a strong recommendation for code that uses them. Note that general generators and generator expressions continue to be not supported.
749
750* Inplace arithmetic operators now respect the cdivision directive and are supported for complex types.
751
752* Typing a variable as type "complex" previously gave it the Python object type. It now uses the appropriate C/C++ double complex type. A side-effect is that assignments and typed function parameters now accept anything that Python can coerce to a complex, including integers and floats, and not only complex instances.
753
754* Large integer literals pass through the compiler in a safer way. To prevent truncation in C code, non 32-bit literals are turned into Python objects if not used in a C context. This context can either be given by a clear C literal suffix such as "UL" or "LL" (or "L" in Python 3 code), or it can be an assignment to a typed variable or a typed function argument, in which case it is up to the user to take care of a sufficiently large value space of the target.
755
756* Python functions are declared in the order they appear in the file, rather than all being created at module creation time. This is consistent with Python and needed to support, for example, conditional or repeated declarations of functions. In the face of circular imports this may cause code to break, so a new --disable-function-redefinition flag was added to revert to the old behavior. This flag will be removed in a future release, so should only be used as a stopgap until old code can be fixed.
757
758
7590.13 (2010-08-25)
760=================
761
762Features added
763--------------
764
765* Closures are fully supported for Python functions. Cython supports inner functions and lambda expressions. Generators and generator expressions are not supported in this release.
766
767* Proper C++ support. Cython knows about C++ classes, templates and overloaded function signatures, so that Cython code can interact with them in a straight forward way.
768
769* Type inference is enabled by default for safe C types (e.g. double, bint, C++ classes) and known extension types. This reduces the need for explicit type declarations and can improve the performance of untyped code in some cases. There is also a verbose compile mode for testing the impact on user code.
770
771* Cython's for-in-loop can iterate over C arrays and sliced pointers. The type of the loop variable will be inferred automatically in this case.
772
773* The Py_UNICODE integer type for Unicode code points is fully supported, including for-loops and 'in' tests on unicode strings. It coerces from and to single character unicode strings. Note that untyped for-loop variables will automatically be inferred as Py_UNICODE when iterating over a unicode string. In most cases, this will be much more efficient than yielding sliced string objects, but can also have a negative performance impact when the variable is used in a Python context multiple times, so that it needs to coerce to a unicode string object more than once. If this happens, typing the loop variable as unicode or object will help.
774
775* The built-in functions any(), all(), sum(), list(), set() and dict() are inlined as plain for loops when called on generator expressions. Note that generator expressions are not generally supported apart from this feature. Also, tuple(genexpr) is not currently supported - use tuple([listcomp]) instead.
776
777* More shipped standard library declarations. The python_* and stdlib/stdio .pxd files have been deprecated in favor of clib.* and cpython[.*] and may get removed in a future release.
778
779* Pure Python mode no longer disallows non-Python keywords like 'cdef', 'include' or 'cimport'. It also no longer recognises syntax extensions like the for-from loop.
780
781* Parsing has improved for Python 3 syntax in Python code, although not all features are correctly supported. The missing Python 3 features are being worked on for the next release.
782
783* from __future__ import print_function is supported in Python 2.6 and later. Note that there is currently no emulation for earlier Python versions, so code that uses print() with this future import will require at least Python 2.6.
784
785* New compiler directive language_level (valid values: 2 or 3) with corresponding command line options -2 and -3 requests source code compatibility with Python 2.x or Python 3.x respectively. Language level 3 currently enforces unicode literals for unprefixed string literals, enables the print function (requires Python 2.6 or later) and keeps loop variables in list comprehensions from leaking.
786
787* Loop variables in set/dict comprehensions no longer leak into the surrounding scope (following Python 2.7). List comprehensions are unchanged in language level 2.
788
789* print >> stream
790
791Bugs fixed
792----------
793
794Other changes
795-------------
796
797* The availability of type inference by default means that Cython will also infer the type of pointers on assignments. Previously, code like this::
798
799     cdef char* s = ...
800     untyped_variable = s
801
802  would convert the char* to a Python bytes string and assign that. This is no longer the case and no coercion will happen in the example above. The correct way of doing this is through an explicit cast or by typing the target variable, i.e.
803
804  ::
805
806     cdef char* s = ...
807     untyped_variable1 = <bytes>s
808     untyped_variable2 = <object>s
809
810     cdef object py_object = s
811     cdef bytes  bytes_string = s
812
813* bool is no longer a valid type name by default. The problem is that it's not clear whether bool should refer to the Python type or the C++ type, and expecting one and finding the other has already led to several hard-to-find bugs. Both types are available for importing: you can use from cpython cimport bool for the Python bool type, and from libcpp cimport bool for the C++ type. bool is still a valid object by default, so one can still write bool(x).
814
815* ``__getsegcount__`` is now correctly typed to take a ``Py_size_t*`` rather than an ``int*``.
816
817
8180.12.1 (2010-02-02)
819===================
820
821Features added
822--------------
823
824* Type inference improvements.
825
826  * There have been several bug fixes and improvements to the type inferencer.
827
828  * Notably, there is now a "safe" mode enabled by setting the infer_types directive to None. (The None here refers to the "default" mode, which will be the default in 0.13.) This safe mode limits inference to Python object types and C doubles, which should speed up execution without affecting any semantics such as integer overflow behavior like infer_types=True might. There is also an infer_types.verbose option which allows one to see what types are inferred.
829
830* The boundscheck directive works for lists and tuples as well as buffers.
831
832* len(s) and s.decode("encoding") are efficiently supported for char* s.
833
834* Cython's INLINE macro has been renamed to CYTHON_INLINE to reduce conflict and has better support for the MSVC compiler on Windows. It is no longer clobbered if externally defined.
835
836* Revision history is now omitted from the source package, resulting in a 85% size reduction. Running make repo will download the history and turn the directory into a complete Mercurial working repository.
837
838* Cython modules don't need to be recompiled when the size of an external type grows. (A warning, rather than an error, is produced.) This should be helpful for binary distributions relying on NumPy.
839
840Bugs fixed
841----------
842
843* Several other bugs and minor improvements have been made. This release should be fully backwards compatible with 0.12.
844
845Other changes
846-------------
847
848
8490.12 (2009-11-23)
850=================
851
852Features added
853--------------
854
855* Type inference with the infer_types directive
856
857* Seamless C++ complex support
858
859* Fast extension type instantiation using the normal Python meme obj = MyType.__new__(MyType)
860
861* Improved support for Py3.1
862
863* Cython now runs under Python 3.x using the 2to3 tool
864
865* unittest support for doctests in Cython modules
866
867* Optimised handling of C strings (char*): for c in cstring[2:50] and cstring.decode()
868
869* Looping over c pointers: for i in intptr[:50].
870
871* pyximport improvements
872
873* cython_freeze improvements
874
875Bugs fixed
876----------
877
878* Many bug fixes
879
880Other changes
881-------------
882
883* Many other optimisation, e.g. enumerate() loops, parallel swap assignments (a,b = b,a), and unicode.encode()
884
885* More complete numpy.pxd
886
887
8880.11.2 (2009-05-20)
889===================
890
891Features added
892--------------
893
894* There's now native complex floating point support! C99 complex will be used if complex.h is included, otherwise explicit complex arithmetic working on all C compilers is used. [Robert Bradshaw]
895
896  ::
897
898      cdef double complex a = 1 + 0.3j
899      cdef np.ndarray[np.complex128_t, ndim=2] arr = \
900         np.zeros(10, np.complex128)
901
902* Cython can now generate a main()-method for embedding of the Python interpreter into an executable (see #289) [Robert Bradshaw]
903
904* @wraparound directive (another way to disable arr[idx] for negative idx) [Dag Sverre Seljebotn]
905
906* Correct support for NumPy record dtypes with different alignments, and "cdef packed struct" support [Dag Sverre Seljebotn]
907
908* @callspec directive, allowing custom calling convention macros [Lisandro Dalcin]
909
910Bugs fixed
911----------
912
913Other changes
914-------------
915
916* Bug fixes and smaller improvements. For the full list, see [1].
917