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1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13 ** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14 ** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15 ** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16 ** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17 **
18 ** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19 ** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20 ** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21 ** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22 ** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23 **
24 ** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25 ** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26 ** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27 **
28 ** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29 ** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30 ** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31 ** part of the build process.
32 */
33 #ifndef SQLITE3_H
34 #define SQLITE3_H
35 #include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36 
37 /*
38 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39 */
40 #ifdef __cplusplus
41 extern "C" {
42 #endif
43 
44 
45 /*
46 ** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47 */
48 #ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49 # define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50 #endif
51 #ifndef SQLITE_API
52 # define SQLITE_API
53 #endif
54 #ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55 # define SQLITE_CDECL
56 #endif
57 #ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58 # define SQLITE_APICALL
59 #endif
60 #ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61 # define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62 #endif
63 #ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64 # define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65 #endif
66 #ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67 # define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68 #endif
69 
70 /*
71 ** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72 ** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73 ** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74 ** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75 ** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76 **
77 ** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78 ** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79 ** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80 ** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81 ** noop macros.
82 */
83 #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84 #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85 
86 /*
87 ** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88 */
89 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90 # undef SQLITE_VERSION
91 #endif
92 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93 # undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94 #endif
95 
96 /*
97 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98 **
99 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100 ** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101 ** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102 ** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104 ** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105 ** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106 ** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107 ** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108 ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109 ** and Z will be reset to zero.
110 **
111 ** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112 ** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113 ** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114 ** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115 ** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116 ** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117 ** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118 ** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.
119 **
120 ** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
121 ** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
122 ** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
123 */
124 #define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.18.2"
125 #define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3018002
126 #define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2017-07-21 07:56:09 8201f4e1c566f7223c71c07e6b703d1352801f1b2daa0fd00895a18e1944cb4d"
127 
128 /*
129 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
130 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
131 **
132 ** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
133 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
134 ** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
135 ** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
136 ** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
137 ** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
138 ** compiled with matching library and header files.
139 **
140 ** <blockquote><pre>
141 ** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
142 ** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID)==0 );
143 ** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
144 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
145 **
146 ** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
147 ** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
148 ** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
149 ** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
150 ** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
151 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
152 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
153 ** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
154 ** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.
155 **
156 ** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
157 */
158 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
159 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
160 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
161 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
162 
163 /*
164 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
165 **
166 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
167 ** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
168 ** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
169 ** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
170 **
171 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
172 ** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
173 ** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
174 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
175 ** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
176 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
177 **
178 ** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
179 ** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
180 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
181 **
182 ** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
183 ** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
184 */
185 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
186 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
187 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
188 #endif
189 
190 /*
191 ** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
192 **
193 ** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
194 ** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
195 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
196 **
197 ** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
198 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
199 ** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
200 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
201 ** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
202 ** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
203 **
204 ** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
205 ** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
206 ** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
207 ** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
208 **
209 ** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
210 ** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
211 ** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
212 **
213 ** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
214 ** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
215 ** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
216 ** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
217 ** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
218 ** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
219 ** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
220 ** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
221 ** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
222 ** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
223 **
224 ** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
225 */
226 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
227 
228 /*
229 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
230 ** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
231 **
232 ** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
233 ** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
234 ** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
235 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
236 ** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
237 ** interfaces (such as
238 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
239 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
240 ** sqlite3 object.
241 */
242 typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
243 
244 /*
245 ** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
246 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
247 **
248 ** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
249 ** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
250 **
251 ** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
252 ** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
253 ** compatibility only.
254 **
255 ** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
256 ** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
257 ** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
258 ** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
259 */
260 #ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
261   typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
262 # ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
263     typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
264 # else
265     typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
266 # endif
267 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
268   typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
269   typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
270 #else
271   typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
272   typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
273 #endif
274 typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
275 typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
276 
277 /*
278 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
279 ** substitute integer for floating-point.
280 */
281 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
282 # define double sqlite3_int64
283 #endif
284 
285 /*
286 ** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
287 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
288 **
289 ** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
290 ** for the [sqlite3] object.
291 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
292 ** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
293 ** resources are deallocated.
294 **
295 ** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
296 ** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
297 ** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
298 ** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
299 ** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
300 ** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
301 ** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
302 ** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
303 ** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
304 ** destructors are called is arbitrary.
305 **
306 ** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
307 ** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
308 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
309 ** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
310 ** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
311 ** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
312 ** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
313 ** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
314 ** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
315 **
316 ** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
317 ** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
318 **
319 ** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
320 ** must be either a NULL
321 ** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
322 ** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
323 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
324 ** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
325 ** argument is a harmless no-op.
326 */
327 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
328 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
329 
330 /*
331 ** The type for a callback function.
332 ** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
333 ** compatibility and is not documented.
334 */
335 typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
336 
337 /*
338 ** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
339 ** METHOD: sqlite3
340 **
341 ** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
342 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
343 ** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
344 ** without having to use a lot of C code.
345 **
346 ** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
347 ** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
348 ** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
349 ** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
350 ** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
351 ** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
352 ** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
353 ** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
354 ** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
355 ** ignored.
356 **
357 ** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
358 ** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
359 ** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
360 ** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
361 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
362 ** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
363 ** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
364 ** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
365 ** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
366 ** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
367 ** NULL before returning.
368 **
369 ** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
370 ** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
371 ** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
372 **
373 ** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
374 ** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
375 ** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
376 ** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
377 ** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
378 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
379 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
380 ** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
381 ** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
382 **
383 ** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
384 ** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
385 ** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
386 ** is not changed.
387 **
388 ** Restrictions:
389 **
390 ** <ul>
391 ** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
392 **      is a valid and open [database connection].
393 ** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
394 **      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
395 ** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
396 **      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
397 ** </ul>
398 */
399 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
400   sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
401   const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
402   int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
403   void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
404   char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
405 );
406 
407 /*
408 ** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
409 ** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
410 **
411 ** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
412 ** here in order to indicate success or failure.
413 **
414 ** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
415 **
416 ** See also: [extended result code definitions]
417 */
418 #define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
419 /* beginning-of-error-codes */
420 #define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
421 #define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
422 #define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
423 #define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
424 #define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
425 #define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
426 #define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
427 #define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
428 #define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
429 #define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
430 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
431 #define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
432 #define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
433 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
434 #define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
435 #define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
436 #define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
437 #define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
438 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
439 #define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
440 #define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
441 #define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
442 #define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
443 #define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
444 #define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
445 #define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
446 #define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
447 #define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
448 #define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
449 #define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
450 /* end-of-error-codes */
451 
452 /*
453 ** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
454 ** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
455 **
456 ** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
457 ** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
458 ** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
459 ** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
460 ** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
461 ** and later) include
462 ** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
463 ** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
464 ** on a per database connection basis using the
465 ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
466 ** the most recent error can be obtained using
467 ** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
468 */
469 #define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
470 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
471 #define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
472 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
473 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
474 #define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
475 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
476 #define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
477 #define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
478 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
479 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
480 #define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
481 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
482 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
483 #define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
484 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
485 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
486 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
487 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
488 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
489 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
490 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
491 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
492 #define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
493 #define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
494 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
495 #define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
496 #define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
497 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
498 #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
499 #define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
500 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
501 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
502 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
503 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
504 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
505 #define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
506 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
507 #define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
508 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
509 #define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
510 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
511 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
512 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
513 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
514 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
515 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
516 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
517 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
518 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
519 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
520 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
521 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
522 #define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
523 #define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
524 #define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
525 
526 /*
527 ** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
528 **
529 ** These bit values are intended for use in the
530 ** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
531 ** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
532 */
533 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
534 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
535 #define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
536 #define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
537 #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
538 #define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
539 #define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
540 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
541 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
542 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
543 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
544 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
545 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
546 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
547 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
548 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
549 #define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
550 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
551 #define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
552 #define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
553 
554 /* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
555 
556 /*
557 ** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
558 **
559 ** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
560 ** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
561 ** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
562 ** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
563 ** refers to.
564 **
565 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
566 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
567 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
568 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
569 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
570 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
571 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
572 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
573 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
574 ** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
575 ** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
576 ** file that were written at the application level might have changed
577 ** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
578 ** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
579 ** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
580 ** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
581 ** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
582 ** elevated privileges.
583 */
584 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
585 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
586 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
587 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
588 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
589 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
590 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
591 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
592 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
593 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
594 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
595 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
596 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
597 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
598 
599 /*
600 ** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
601 **
602 ** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
603 ** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
604 ** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
605 */
606 #define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
607 #define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
608 #define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
609 #define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
610 #define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
611 
612 /*
613 ** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
614 **
615 ** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
616 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
617 ** these integer values as the second argument.
618 **
619 ** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
620 ** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
621 ** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
622 ** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
623 ** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
624 ** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
625 **
626 ** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
627 ** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
628 ** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
629 ** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
630 ** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
631 ** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
632 ** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
633 ** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
634 ** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
635 ** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
636 ** cares about the difference.)
637 */
638 #define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
639 #define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
640 #define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
641 
642 /*
643 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
644 **
645 ** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
646 ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
647 ** implementations will
648 ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
649 ** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
650 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
651 ** I/O operations on the open file.
652 */
653 typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
654 struct sqlite3_file {
655   const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
656 };
657 
658 /*
659 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
660 **
661 ** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
662 ** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
663 ** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
664 ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
665 ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
666 **
667 ** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
668 ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
669 ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
670 ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
671 ** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
672 ** to NULL.
673 **
674 ** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
675 ** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
676 ** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
677 ** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
678 ** and not its inode needs to be synced.
679 **
680 ** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
681 ** <ul>
682 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
683 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
684 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
685 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
686 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
687 ** </ul>
688 ** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
689 ** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
690 ** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
691 ** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
692 ** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
693 **
694 ** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
695 ** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
696 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
697 ** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
698 ** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
699 ** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
700 ** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
701 ** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
702 ** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
703 ** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
704 ** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
705 ** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
706 ** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
707 ** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
708 ** recognize.
709 **
710 ** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
711 ** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
712 ** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
713 ** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
714 ** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
715 ** underlying device:
716 **
717 ** <ul>
718 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
719 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
720 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
721 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
722 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
723 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
724 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
725 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
726 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
727 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
728 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
729 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
730 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
731 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
732 ** </ul>
733 **
734 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
735 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
736 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
737 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
738 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
739 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
740 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
741 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
742 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
743 ** to xWrite().
744 **
745 ** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
746 ** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
747 ** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
748 ** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
749 ** database corruption.
750 */
751 typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
752 struct sqlite3_io_methods {
753   int iVersion;
754   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
755   int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
756   int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
757   int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
758   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
759   int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
760   int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
761   int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
762   int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
763   int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
764   int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
765   int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
766   /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
767   int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
768   int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
769   void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
770   int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
771   /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
772   int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
773   int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
774   /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
775   /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
776 };
777 
778 /*
779 ** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
780 ** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
781 **
782 ** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
783 ** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
784 ** interface.
785 **
786 ** <ul>
787 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
788 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
789 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
790 ** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
791 ** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
792 ** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
793 ** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
794 ** compile-time option is used.
795 **
796 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
797 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
798 ** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
799 ** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
800 ** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
801 ** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
802 ** file run faster.
803 **
804 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
805 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
806 ** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
807 ** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
808 ** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
809 ** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
810 ** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
811 ** improve performance on some systems.
812 **
813 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
814 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
815 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
816 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
817 **
818 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
819 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
820 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
821 ** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
822 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
823 **
824 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
825 ** No longer in use.
826 **
827 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
828 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
829 ** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
830 ** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
831 ** because the user has configured SQLite with
832 ** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
833 ** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
834 ** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
835 ** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
836 ** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
837 ** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
838 ** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
839 ** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
840 **
841 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
842 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
843 ** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
844 ** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
845 ** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
846 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
847 ** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
848 **
849 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
850 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
851 ** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
852 ** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
853 ** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
854 ** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
855 ** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
856 ** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
857 ** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
858 ** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
859 ** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
860 ** integers where the first integer i the new retry count and the second
861 ** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
862 ** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
863 ** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
864 ** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
865 **
866 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
867 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
868 ** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
869 ** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
870 ** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
871 ** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
872 ** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
873 ** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
874 ** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
875 ** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
876 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
877 ** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
878 ** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
879 ** WAL persistence setting.
880 **
881 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
882 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
883 ** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
884 ** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
885 ** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
886 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
887 ** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
888 ** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
889 ** zero-damage mode setting.
890 **
891 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
892 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
893 ** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
894 ** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
895 ** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
896 **
897 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
898 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
899 ** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
900 ** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
901 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
902 ** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
903 ** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
904 ** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
905 ** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
906 ** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
907 ** is intended for diagnostic use only.
908 **
909 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
910 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
911 ** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
912 ** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
913 ** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
914 ** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
915 ** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
916 ** upper-most shim only.
917 **
918 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
919 ** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
920 ** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
921 ** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
922 ** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
923 ** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
924 ** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
925 ** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
926 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
927 ** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
928 ** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
929 ** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
930 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
931 ** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
932 ** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
933 ** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
934 ** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
935 ** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
936 ** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
937 ** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
938 ** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
939 ** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
940 ** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
941 ** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
942 **
943 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
944 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
945 ** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
946 ** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
947 ** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
948 ** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
949 ** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
950 ** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
951 ** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
952 ** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
953 ** current operation.
954 **
955 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
956 ** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
957 ** to have SQLite generate a
958 ** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
959 ** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
960 ** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
961 ** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
962 ** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
963 **
964 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
965 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
966 ** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
967 ** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
968 ** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
969 ** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
970 ** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
971 ** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
972 ** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
973 **
974 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
975 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
976 ** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
977 ** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
978 ** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
979 ** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
980 ** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
981 **
982 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
983 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
984 ** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
985 ** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
986 ** was first opened.
987 **
988 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
989 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
990 ** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
991 ** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
992 ** writes the resulting value there.
993 **
994 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
995 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
996 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
997 ** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
998 ** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
999 **
1000 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1001 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1002 ** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1003 ** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1004 ** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1005 ** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1006 **
1007 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1008 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1009 ** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1010 **
1011 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1012 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1013 ** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1014 ** this opcode.
1015 ** </ul>
1016 */
1017 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1018 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1019 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1020 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1021 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1022 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1023 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1024 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1025 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1026 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1027 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1028 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1029 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1030 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1031 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1032 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1033 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1034 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1035 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1036 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1037 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1038 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1039 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1040 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1041 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1042 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1043 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1044 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1045 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1046 
1047 /* deprecated names */
1048 #define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1049 #define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1050 #define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1051 
1052 
1053 /*
1054 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1055 **
1056 ** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1057 ** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1058 ** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1059 ** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1060 **
1061 ** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1062 */
1063 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1064 
1065 /*
1066 ** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1067 **
1068 ** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1069 ** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1070 ** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1071 ** on some platforms.
1072 */
1073 typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1074 
1075 /*
1076 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1077 **
1078 ** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1079 ** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1080 ** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1081 ** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1082 **
1083 ** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
1084 ** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
1085 ** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
1086 ** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
1087 ** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
1088 ** modified.
1089 **
1090 ** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1091 ** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1092 ** a pathname in this VFS.
1093 **
1094 ** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1095 ** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1096 ** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1097 ** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1098 ** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1099 ** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1100 **
1101 ** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1102 ** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1103 ** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1104 ** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1105 ** object once the object has been registered.
1106 **
1107 ** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1108 ** be unique across all VFS modules.
1109 **
1110 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1111 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1112 ** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1113 ** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1114 ** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1115 ** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1116 ** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1117 ** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1118 ** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1119 ** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1120 ** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1121 ** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1122 ** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1123 ** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1124 ** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1125 ** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1126 **
1127 ** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1128 ** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1129 ** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1130 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1131 ** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1132 ** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1133 **
1134 ** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1135 ** call, depending on the object being opened:
1136 **
1137 ** <ul>
1138 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1139 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1140 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1141 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1142 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1143 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1144 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1145 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1146 ** </ul>)^
1147 **
1148 ** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1149 ** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1150 ** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1151 ** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1152 ** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1153 ** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1154 ** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1155 ** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1156 **
1157 ** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1158 **
1159 ** <ul>
1160 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1161 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1162 ** </ul>
1163 **
1164 ** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1165 ** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1166 ** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1167 ** databases, and subjournals.
1168 **
1169 ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1170 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1171 ** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1172 ** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1173 ** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1174 ** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1175 ** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1176 ** for exclusive access.
1177 **
1178 ** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1179 ** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1180 ** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1181 ** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1182 ** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1183 ** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1184 ** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1185 ** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1186 ** or failure of the xOpen call.
1187 **
1188 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1189 ** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1190 ** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1191 ** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1192 ** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1193 ** directory.
1194 **
1195 ** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1196 ** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1197 ** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1198 ** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1199 ** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1200 ** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1201 **
1202 ** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1203 ** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1204 ** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1205 ** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1206 ** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1207 ** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1208 ** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1209 ** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1210 ** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1211 ** a floating point value.
1212 ** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1213 ** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1214 ** a 24-hour day).
1215 ** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1216 ** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1217 ** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1218 ** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1219 **
1220 ** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1221 ** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1222 ** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1223 ** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1224 ** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1225 ** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1226 ** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1227 ** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1228 ** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1229 ** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1230 ** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1231 */
1232 typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1233 typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1234 struct sqlite3_vfs {
1235   int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1236   int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1237   int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1238   sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1239   const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1240   void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1241   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1242                int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1243   int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1244   int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1245   int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1246   void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1247   void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1248   void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1249   void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1250   int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1251   int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1252   int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1253   int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1254   /*
1255   ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1256   ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1257   */
1258   int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1259   /*
1260   ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1261   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1262   */
1263   int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1264   sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1265   const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1266   /*
1267   ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1268   ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1269   ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1270   */
1271 };
1272 
1273 /*
1274 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1275 **
1276 ** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1277 ** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1278 ** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1279 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1280 ** simply checks whether the file exists.
1281 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1282 ** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1283 ** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1284 ** the directory).
1285 ** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1286 ** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1287 ** release of SQLite.
1288 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1289 ** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1290 ** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1291 ** SQLite.
1292 */
1293 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1294 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1295 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1296 
1297 /*
1298 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1299 **
1300 ** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1301 ** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1302 ** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1303 ** xShmLock method:
1304 **
1305 ** <ul>
1306 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1307 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1308 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1309 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1310 ** </ul>
1311 **
1312 ** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1313 ** was given on the corresponding lock.
1314 **
1315 ** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1316 ** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1317 ** and EXCLUSIVE.
1318 */
1319 #define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1320 #define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1321 #define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1322 #define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1323 
1324 /*
1325 ** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1326 **
1327 ** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1328 ** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1329 ** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1330 ** lock outside of this range
1331 */
1332 #define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1333 
1334 
1335 /*
1336 ** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1337 **
1338 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1339 ** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1340 ** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1341 ** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1342 ** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1343 ** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1344 **
1345 ** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1346 ** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1347 ** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1348 ** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1349 ** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1350 ** are harmless no-ops.)^
1351 **
1352 ** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1353 ** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1354 ** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1355 ** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1356 **
1357 ** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1358 ** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1359 ** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1360 ** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1361 ** sqlite3_shutdown().
1362 **
1363 ** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1364 ** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1365 ** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1366 **
1367 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1368 ** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1369 ** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1370 ** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1371 **
1372 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1373 ** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1374 ** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1375 ** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1376 ** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1377 ** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1378 ** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1379 ** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1380 ** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1381 ** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1382 ** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1383 ** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1384 ** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1385 ** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1386 **
1387 ** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1388 ** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1389 ** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1390 ** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1391 ** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1392 ** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1393 ** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1394 **
1395 ** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1396 ** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1397 ** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1398 ** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1399 ** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1400 ** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1401 ** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1402 ** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1403 ** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1404 ** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1405 ** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1406 ** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1407 ** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1408 ** failure.
1409 */
1410 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1411 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1412 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1413 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1414 
1415 /*
1416 ** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1417 **
1418 ** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1419 ** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1420 ** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1421 ** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1422 ** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1423 **
1424 ** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1425 ** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1426 ** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1427 **
1428 ** The sqlite3_config() interface
1429 ** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1430 ** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1431 ** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1432 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1433 ** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1434 ** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1435 **
1436 ** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1437 ** [configuration option] that determines
1438 ** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1439 ** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1440 ** in the first argument.
1441 **
1442 ** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1443 ** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1444 ** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1445 */
1446 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1447 
1448 /*
1449 ** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1450 ** METHOD: sqlite3
1451 **
1452 ** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1453 ** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1454 ** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1455 ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1456 **
1457 ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1458 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1459 ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1460 ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1461 **
1462 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1463 ** the call is considered successful.
1464 */
1465 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1466 
1467 /*
1468 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1469 **
1470 ** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1471 ** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1472 **
1473 ** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1474 ** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1475 ** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1476 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1477 ** By creating an instance of this object
1478 ** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1479 ** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1480 ** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1481 ** dynamic memory needs.
1482 **
1483 ** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1484 ** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1485 ** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1486 ** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1487 ** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1488 ** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1489 ** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1490 ** conditions.
1491 **
1492 ** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1493 ** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1494 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1495 ** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1496 **
1497 ** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1498 ** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1499 ** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1500 **
1501 ** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1502 ** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1503 ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1504 ** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1505 ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1506 ** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1507 ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1508 **
1509 ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1510 ** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1511 ** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1512 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1513 ** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1514 ** xInit and xShutdown.
1515 **
1516 ** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1517 ** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1518 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1519 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1520 ** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1521 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1522 ** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1523 ** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1524 ** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1525 ** serialization.
1526 **
1527 ** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1528 ** call to xShutdown().
1529 */
1530 typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1531 struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1532   void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1533   void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1534   void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1535   int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1536   int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1537   int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1538   void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1539   void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1540 };
1541 
1542 /*
1543 ** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1544 ** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1545 **
1546 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1547 ** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1548 **
1549 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1550 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1551 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1552 ** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1553 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1554 ** is invoked.
1555 **
1556 ** <dl>
1557 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1558 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1559 ** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1560 ** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1561 ** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1562 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1563 ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1564 ** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1565 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1566 ** configuration option.</dd>
1567 **
1568 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1569 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1570 ** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1571 ** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1572 ** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1573 ** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1574 ** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1575 ** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1576 ** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1577 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1578 ** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1579 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1580 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1581 **
1582 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1583 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1584 ** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1585 ** all mutexes including the recursive
1586 ** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1587 ** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1588 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1589 ** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1590 ** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1591 ** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1592 ** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1593 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1594 ** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1595 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1596 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1597 **
1598 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1599 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1600 ** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1601 ** The argument specifies
1602 ** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1603 ** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1604 ** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1605 ** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1606 **
1607 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1608 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1609 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1610 ** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1611 ** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1612 ** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1613 ** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1614 ** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1615 **
1616 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1617 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1618 ** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1619 ** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1620 ** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1621 **   <ul>
1622 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1623 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1624 **   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1625 **   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1626 **   </ul>)^
1627 ** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1628 ** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1629 ** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1630 ** </dd>
1631 **
1632 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1633 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option specifies a static memory buffer
1634 ** that SQLite can use for scratch memory.  ^(There are three arguments
1635 ** to SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH:  A pointer an 8-byte
1636 ** aligned memory buffer from which the scratch allocations will be
1637 ** drawn, the size of each scratch allocation (sz),
1638 ** and the maximum number of scratch allocations (N).)^
1639 ** The first argument must be a pointer to an 8-byte aligned buffer
1640 ** of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1641 ** ^SQLite will not use more than one scratch buffers per thread.
1642 ** ^SQLite will never request a scratch buffer that is more than 6
1643 ** times the database page size.
1644 ** ^If SQLite needs needs additional
1645 ** scratch memory beyond what is provided by this configuration option, then
1646 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] will be used to obtain the memory needed.<p>
1647 ** ^When the application provides any amount of scratch memory using
1648 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH, SQLite avoids unnecessary large
1649 ** [sqlite3_malloc|heap allocations].
1650 ** This can help [Robson proof|prevent memory allocation failures] due to heap
1651 ** fragmentation in low-memory embedded systems.
1652 ** </dd>
1653 **
1654 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1655 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1656 ** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1657 ** cache implementation.
1658 ** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1659 ** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1660 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1661 ** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1662 ** and the number of cache lines (N).
1663 ** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1664 ** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1665 ** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1666 ** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1667 ** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1668 ** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1669 ** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1670 ** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1671 ** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1672 ** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1673 ** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1674 ** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1675 ** is exhausted.
1676 ** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1677 ** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1678 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1679 ** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1680 ** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1681 ** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1682 ** additional cache line. </dd>
1683 **
1684 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1685 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1686 ** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1687 ** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and
1688 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1689 ** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1690 ** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1691 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1692 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1693 ** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1694 ** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1695 ** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1696 ** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1697 ** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1698 ** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1699 ** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1700 ** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1701 ** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1702 ** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1703 ** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1704 **
1705 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1706 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1707 ** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1708 ** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1709 ** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1710 ** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1711 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1712 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1713 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1714 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1715 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1716 **
1717 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1718 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1719 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1720 ** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1721 ** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1722 ** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1723 ** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1724 ** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1725 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1726 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1727 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1728 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1729 **
1730 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1731 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1732 ** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1733 ** The first argument is the
1734 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1735 ** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1736 ** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1737 ** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1738 ** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1739 **
1740 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1741 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1742 ** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1743 ** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1744 ** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1745 **
1746 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1747 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1748 ** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1749 ** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1750 **
1751 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1752 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1753 ** global [error log].
1754 ** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1755 ** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1756 ** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1757 ** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1758 ** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1759 ** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1760 ** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1761 ** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1762 ** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1763 ** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1764 ** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1765 ** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1766 ** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1767 ** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1768 ** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1769 ** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1770 **
1771 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1772 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1773 ** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1774 ** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1775 ** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1776 ** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1777 ** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1778 ** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1779 ** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1780 ** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1781 ** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1782 ** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1783 ** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1784 **
1785 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1786 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1787 ** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1788 ** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1789 ** ^The default setting is determined
1790 ** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1791 ** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1792 ** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1793 ** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1794 ** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1795 ** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1796 ** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1797 **
1798 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1799 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1800 ** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1801 ** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1802 ** </dd>
1803 **
1804 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1805 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1806 ** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1807 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1808 ** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1809 ** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1810 ** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1811 ** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1812 ** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1813 ** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1814 ** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1815 ** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1816 ** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1817 ** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1818 ** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1819 ** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1820 **
1821 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1822 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1823 ** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1824 ** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1825 ** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1826 ** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1827 ** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1828 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1829 ** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1830 ** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1831 ** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1832 ** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1833 ** changed to its compile-time default.
1834 **
1835 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1836 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1837 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1838 ** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1839 ** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1840 ** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1841 **
1842 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1843 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1844 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1845 ** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1846 ** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1847 ** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1848 ** target platform, and SQLite version.
1849 **
1850 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1851 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1852 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1853 ** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1854 ** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1855 ** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1856 ** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1857 ** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1858 ** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1859 ** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1860 **
1861 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1862 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1863 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1864 ** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1865 ** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1866 ** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1867 ** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1868 ** exclusively in memory.
1869 ** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1870 ** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1871 ** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1872 ** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1873 ** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1874 ** </dl>
1875 */
1876 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1877 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1878 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1879 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1880 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1881 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1882 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1883 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1884 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1885 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1886 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1887 /* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1888 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1889 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1890 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1891 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1892 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1893 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1894 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1895 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1896 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1897 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1898 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1899 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1900 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1901 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
1902 
1903 /*
1904 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1905 **
1906 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1907 ** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1908 **
1909 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1910 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1911 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1912 ** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1913 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1914 ** is invoked.
1915 **
1916 ** <dl>
1917 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1918 ** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1919 ** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1920 ** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1921 ** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
1922 ** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
1923 ** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
1924 ** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
1925 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
1926 ** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1927 ** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
1928 ** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
1929 ** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
1930 ** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
1931 ** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
1932 ** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
1933 ** when the "current value" returned by
1934 ** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
1935 ** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
1936 ** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
1937 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
1938 **
1939 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
1940 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
1941 ** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
1942 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
1943 ** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
1944 ** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1945 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
1946 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1947 ** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
1948 **
1949 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
1950 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
1951 ** There should be two additional arguments.
1952 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
1953 ** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
1954 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1955 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
1956 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1957 ** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
1958 **
1959 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
1960 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
1961 ** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
1962 ** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
1963 ** There should be two additional arguments.
1964 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
1965 ** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
1966 ** unchanged.
1967 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1968 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
1969 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1970 ** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
1971 **
1972 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
1973 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
1974 ** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
1975 ** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
1976 ** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
1977 ** There should be two additional arguments.
1978 ** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
1979 ** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
1980 ** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
1981 ** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
1982 ** C-API or the SQL function.
1983 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1984 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
1985 ** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
1986 ** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
1987 ** </dd>
1988 **
1989 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
1990 ** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
1991 ** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
1992 ** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
1993 ** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
1994 ** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
1995 ** until after the database connection closes.
1996 ** </dd>
1997 **
1998 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
1999 ** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2000 ** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2001 ** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2002 ** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2003 ** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2004 ** is an integer - non-zero to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2005 ** default) to enable them. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2006 ** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2007 ** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2008 ** </dd>
2009 **
2010 ** </dl>
2011 */
2012 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2013 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2014 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2015 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2016 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2017 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2018 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2019 
2020 
2021 /*
2022 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2023 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2024 **
2025 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2026 ** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2027 ** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2028 */
2029 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2030 
2031 /*
2032 ** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2033 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2034 **
2035 ** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2036 ** has a unique 64-bit signed
2037 ** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2038 ** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2039 ** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2040 ** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2041 ** is another alias for the rowid.
2042 **
2043 ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2044 ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2045 ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2046 ** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2047 ** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2048 ** zero.
2049 **
2050 ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2051 ** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2052 ** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2053 **
2054 ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2055 ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2056 ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2057 ** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2058 ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2059 ** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2060 ** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2061 ** control to the user.
2062 **
2063 ** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2064 ** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2065 ** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2066 ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2067 **
2068 ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2069 ** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2070 ** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2071 ** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2072 ** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2073 ** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2074 ** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2075 ** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2076 ** the return value of this interface.)^
2077 **
2078 ** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2079 ** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2080 **
2081 ** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2082 ** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2083 **
2084 ** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2085 ** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2086 ** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2087 ** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2088 ** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2089 ** last insert [rowid].
2090 */
2091 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2092 
2093 /*
2094 ** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2095 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2096 **
2097 ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2098 ** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2099 ** without inserting a row into the database.
2100 */
2101 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2102 
2103 /*
2104 ** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2105 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2106 **
2107 ** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2108 ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2109 ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2110 ** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2111 ** returned by this function.
2112 **
2113 ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2114 ** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2115 ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2116 **
2117 ** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2118 ** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2119 ** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2120 ** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2121 ** tables are counted.
2122 **
2123 ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2124 ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2125 ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2126 ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2127 **
2128 ** <ul>
2129 **   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2130 **        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2131 **        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2132 **
2133 **   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2134 **        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2135 **        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2136 **        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2137 **        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2138 ** </ul>
2139 **
2140 ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2141 ** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2142 ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2143 ** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2144 ** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2145 ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2146 **
2147 ** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
2148 ** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
2149 **
2150 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2151 ** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2152 ** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2153 */
2154 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2155 
2156 /*
2157 ** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2158 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2159 **
2160 ** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2161 ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2162 ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2163 ** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2164 ** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2165 **
2166 ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2167 ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2168 ** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2169 ** are not counted.
2170 **
2171 ** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2172 ** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2173 **
2174 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2175 ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2176 ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2177 */
2178 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2179 
2180 /*
2181 ** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2182 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2183 **
2184 ** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2185 ** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2186 ** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2187 ** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2188 ** immediately.
2189 **
2190 ** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2191 ** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2192 ** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2193 ** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2194 **
2195 ** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2196 ** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2197 ** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2198 **
2199 ** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2200 ** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2201 ** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2202 ** will be rolled back automatically.
2203 **
2204 ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2205 ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2206 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2207 ** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2208 ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2209 ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2210 ** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2211 ** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2212 ** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2213 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2214 **
2215 ** If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
2216 ** is running then bad things will likely happen.
2217 */
2218 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2219 
2220 /*
2221 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2222 **
2223 ** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2224 ** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2225 ** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2226 ** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2227 ** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2228 ** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2229 ** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2230 ** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2231 ** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2232 ** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2233 ** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2234 **
2235 ** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2236 ** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2237 **
2238 ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2239 ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2240 **
2241 ** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2242 ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2243 ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2244 ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2245 ** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2246 **
2247 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2248 ** UTF-8 string.
2249 **
2250 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2251 ** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2252 */
2253 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2254 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2255 
2256 /*
2257 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2258 ** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2259 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2260 **
2261 ** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2262 ** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2263 ** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2264 ** [database connection] D when another thread
2265 ** or process has the table locked.
2266 ** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2267 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2268 **
2269 ** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2270 ** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2271 ** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2272 **
2273 ** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2274 ** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2275 ** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2276 ** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2277 ** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2278 ** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2279 ** to the application.
2280 ** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2281 ** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2282 **
2283 ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2284 ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2285 ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2286 ** to the application instead of invoking the
2287 ** busy handler.
2288 ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2289 ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2290 ** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2291 ** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2292 ** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2293 ** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2294 ** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2295 ** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2296 ** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2297 ** the second process to proceed.
2298 **
2299 ** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2300 **
2301 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2302 ** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2303 ** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2304 ** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2305 ** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2306 **
2307 ** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2308 ** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2309 ** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2310 ** result in undefined behavior.
2311 **
2312 ** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2313 ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2314 */
2315 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2316 
2317 /*
2318 ** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2319 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2320 **
2321 ** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2322 ** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2323 ** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2324 ** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2325 ** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2326 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2327 **
2328 ** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2329 ** turns off all busy handlers.
2330 **
2331 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2332 ** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2333 ** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2334 ** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2335 **
2336 ** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2337 */
2338 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2339 
2340 /*
2341 ** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2342 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2343 **
2344 ** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2345 ** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2346 **
2347 ** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2348 ** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2349 ** complete query results from one or more queries.
2350 **
2351 ** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2352 ** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2353 ** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2354 ** and M be the number of columns.
2355 **
2356 ** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2357 ** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2358 ** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2359 ** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2360 ** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2361 ** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2362 **
2363 ** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2364 ** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2365 ** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2366 **
2367 ** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2368 ** is as follows:
2369 **
2370 ** <blockquote><pre>
2371 **        Name        | Age
2372 **        -----------------------
2373 **        Alice       | 43
2374 **        Bob         | 28
2375 **        Cindy       | 21
2376 ** </pre></blockquote>
2377 **
2378 ** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2379 ** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2380 ** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2381 **
2382 ** <blockquote><pre>
2383 **        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2384 **        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2385 **        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2386 **        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2387 **        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2388 **        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2389 **        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2390 **        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2391 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
2392 **
2393 ** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2394 ** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2395 ** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2396 ** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2397 **
2398 ** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2399 ** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2400 ** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2401 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2402 ** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2403 ** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2404 **
2405 ** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2406 ** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2407 ** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2408 ** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2409 ** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2410 ** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2411 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2412 */
2413 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
2414   sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2415   const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2416   char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2417   int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2418   int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2419   char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2420 );
2421 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2422 
2423 /*
2424 ** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2425 **
2426 ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2427 ** from the standard C library.
2428 ** These routines understand most of the common K&R formatting options,
2429 ** plus some additional non-standard formats, detailed below.
2430 ** Note that some of the more obscure formatting options from recent
2431 ** C-library standards are omitted from this implementation.
2432 **
2433 ** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2434 ** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
2435 ** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2436 ** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2437 ** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
2438 ** memory to hold the resulting string.
2439 **
2440 ** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2441 ** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2442 ** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2443 ** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2444 ** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2445 ** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2446 ** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2447 ** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2448 ** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2449 ** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2450 ** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2451 ** now without breaking compatibility.
2452 **
2453 ** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2454 ** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2455 ** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2456 ** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2457 ** written will be n-1 characters.
2458 **
2459 ** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2460 **
2461 ** These routines all implement some additional formatting
2462 ** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
2463 ** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
2464 ** is are "%q", "%Q", "%w" and "%z" options.
2465 **
2466 ** ^(The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a nul-terminated
2467 ** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
2468 ** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.)^  By doubling each '\''
2469 ** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
2470 ** the string.
2471 **
2472 ** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
2473 **
2474 ** <blockquote><pre>
2475 **  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
2476 ** </pre></blockquote>
2477 **
2478 ** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
2479 **
2480 ** <blockquote><pre>
2481 **  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
2482 **  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2483 **  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2484 ** </pre></blockquote>
2485 **
2486 ** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
2487 ** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
2488 **
2489 ** <blockquote><pre>
2490 **  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
2491 ** </pre></blockquote>
2492 **
2493 ** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
2494 ** would have looked like this:
2495 **
2496 ** <blockquote><pre>
2497 **  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
2498 ** </pre></blockquote>
2499 **
2500 ** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
2501 ** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
2502 **
2503 ** ^(The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
2504 ** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
2505 ** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
2506 ** single quotes).)^  So, for example, one could say:
2507 **
2508 ** <blockquote><pre>
2509 **  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
2510 **  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2511 **  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2512 ** </pre></blockquote>
2513 **
2514 ** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
2515 ** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
2516 **
2517 ** ^(The "%w" formatting option is like "%q" except that it expects to
2518 ** be contained within double-quotes instead of single quotes, and it
2519 ** escapes the double-quote character instead of the single-quote
2520 ** character.)^  The "%w" formatting option is intended for safely inserting
2521 ** table and column names into a constructed SQL statement.
2522 **
2523 ** ^(The "%z" formatting option works like "%s" but with the
2524 ** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
2525 ** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.)^
2526 */
2527 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2528 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2529 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2530 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2531 
2532 /*
2533 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2534 **
2535 ** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2536 ** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2537 ** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2538 ** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2539 **
2540 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2541 ** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2542 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2543 ** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2544 ** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2545 ** a NULL pointer.
2546 **
2547 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2548 ** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2549 ** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2550 **
2551 ** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2552 ** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2553 ** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2554 ** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2555 ** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2556 ** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2557 ** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2558 ** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2559 ** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2560 ** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2561 **
2562 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2563 ** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2564 ** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2565 ** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2566 ** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2567 ** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2568 ** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2569 ** sqlite3_free(X).
2570 ** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2571 ** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2572 ** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2573 ** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2574 ** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2575 ** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2576 ** prior allocation is not freed.
2577 **
2578 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2579 ** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2580 ** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2581 **
2582 ** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2583 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2584 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2585 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2586 ** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2587 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2588 ** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2589 ** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2590 ** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2591 **
2592 ** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2593 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2594 ** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2595 ** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2596 ** option is used.
2597 **
2598 ** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2599 ** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2600 ** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2601 ** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2602 **
2603 ** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2604 ** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2605 ** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2606 ** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2607 ** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2608 ** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2609 ** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2610 **
2611 ** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2612 ** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2613 ** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2614 ** not yet been released.
2615 **
2616 ** The application must not read or write any part of
2617 ** a block of memory after it has been released using
2618 ** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2619 */
2620 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2621 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2622 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2623 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2624 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
2625 SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2626 
2627 /*
2628 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2629 **
2630 ** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2631 ** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2632 ** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2633 **
2634 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2635 ** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2636 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2637 ** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2638 ** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2639 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2640 ** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2641 ** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2642 ** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2643 **
2644 ** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2645 ** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2646 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2647 ** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2648 ** prior to the reset.
2649 */
2650 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2651 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2652 
2653 /*
2654 ** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2655 **
2656 ** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2657 ** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2658 ** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2659 ** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2660 ** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2661 **
2662 ** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2663 ** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2664 **
2665 ** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2666 ** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2667 ** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2668 ** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2669 ** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2670 ** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2671 ** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2672 ** method.
2673 */
2674 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2675 
2676 /*
2677 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2678 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2679 **
2680 ** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2681 ** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2682 ** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2683 ** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2684 ** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
2685 ** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2686 ** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2687 ** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2688 ** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2689 ** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2690 ** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2691 ** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2692 ** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2693 ** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2694 ** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2695 **
2696 ** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2697 ** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2698 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2699 ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2700 ** access is denied.
2701 **
2702 ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2703 ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2704 ** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2705 ** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2706 ** to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain additional
2707 ** details about the action to be authorized.
2708 **
2709 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2710 ** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2711 ** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2712 ** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2713 ** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2714 ** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2715 ** columns of a table.
2716 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2717 ** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2718 ** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2719 **
2720 ** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2721 ** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2722 ** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2723 ** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2724 ** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2725 ** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2726 ** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2727 ** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2728 ** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2729 ** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2730 **
2731 ** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2732 ** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2733 ** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2734 ** in addition to using an authorizer.
2735 **
2736 ** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2737 ** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2738 ** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2739 ** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2740 **
2741 ** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2742 ** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2743 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2744 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2745 **
2746 ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2747 ** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2748 ** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2749 ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2750 **
2751 ** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2752 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2753 ** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2754 ** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2755 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2756 */
2757 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2758   sqlite3*,
2759   int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2760   void *pUserData
2761 );
2762 
2763 /*
2764 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2765 **
2766 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2767 ** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2768 ** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2769 ** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2770 ** information.
2771 **
2772 ** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2773 ** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2774 */
2775 #define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2776 #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2777 
2778 /*
2779 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2780 **
2781 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2782 ** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2783 ** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2784 ** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2785 ** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2786 **
2787 ** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2788 ** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2789 ** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2790 ** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2791 ** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2792 ** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2793 ** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2794 ** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2795 ** top-level SQL code.
2796 */
2797 /******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2798 #define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2799 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2800 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2801 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2802 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2803 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2804 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2805 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2806 #define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2807 #define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2808 #define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2809 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2810 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2811 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2812 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2813 #define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2814 #define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2815 #define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2816 #define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2817 #define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2818 #define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2819 #define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2820 #define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2821 #define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2822 #define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2823 #define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2824 #define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2825 #define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2826 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2827 #define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2828 #define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2829 #define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2830 #define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2831 #define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2832 
2833 /*
2834 ** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2835 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2836 **
2837 ** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
2838 ** instead of the routines described here.
2839 **
2840 ** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2841 ** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2842 **
2843 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2844 ** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2845 ** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2846 ** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2847 ** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2848 ** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2849 ** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2850 **
2851 ** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2852 ** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2853 **
2854 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2855 ** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2856 ** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2857 ** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2858 ** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2859 ** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2860 ** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2861 ** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2862 ** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2863 ** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2864 */
2865 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
2866    void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2867 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2868    void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2869 
2870 /*
2871 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
2872 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
2873 **
2874 ** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
2875 ** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The third argument
2876 ** to [sqlite3_trace_v2()] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
2877 ** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
2878 ** is one of the following constants.
2879 **
2880 ** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
2881 **
2882 ** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
2883 ** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
2884 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
2885 ** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
2886 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2887 **
2888 ** <dl>
2889 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
2890 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
2891 ** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
2892 ** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
2893 ** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
2894 ** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
2895 ** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
2896 ** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
2897 ** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
2898 ** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
2899 ** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
2900 **
2901 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
2902 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
2903 ** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
2904 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2905 ** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
2906 ** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
2907 ** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
2908 **
2909 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
2910 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
2911 ** statement generates a single row of result.
2912 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2913 ** X argument is unused.
2914 **
2915 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
2916 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
2917 ** connection closes.
2918 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
2919 ** and the X argument is unused.
2920 ** </dl>
2921 */
2922 #define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
2923 #define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
2924 #define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
2925 #define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
2926 
2927 /*
2928 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
2929 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2930 **
2931 ** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
2932 ** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
2933 ** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
2934 ** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
2935 ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
2936 ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
2937 **
2938 ** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
2939 ** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
2940 **
2941 ** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
2942 ** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
2943 ** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
2944 ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
2945 **
2946 ** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
2947 ** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
2948 ** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
2949 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
2950 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2951 **
2952 ** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
2953 ** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
2954 ** are deprecated.
2955 */
2956 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
2957   sqlite3*,
2958   unsigned uMask,
2959   int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
2960   void *pCtx
2961 );
2962 
2963 /*
2964 ** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
2965 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2966 **
2967 ** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
2968 ** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
2969 ** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
2970 ** database connection D.  An example use for this
2971 ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
2972 **
2973 ** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
2974 ** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
2975 ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
2976 ** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
2977 ** handler is disabled.
2978 **
2979 ** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
2980 ** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
2981 ** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
2982 ** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
2983 ** than 1.
2984 **
2985 ** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
2986 ** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
2987 ** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
2988 **
2989 ** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
2990 ** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
2991 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2992 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2993 **
2994 */
2995 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
2996 
2997 /*
2998 ** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
2999 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3000 **
3001 ** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3002 ** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3003 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3004 ** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3005 ** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3006 ** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3007 ** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3008 ** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3009 ** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3010 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3011 ** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3012 ** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3013 **
3014 ** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3015 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3016 ** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3017 **
3018 ** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3019 ** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3020 ** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3021 **
3022 ** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3023 ** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3024 ** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3025 ** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
3026 ** the following three values, optionally combined with the
3027 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
3028 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
3029 **
3030 ** <dl>
3031 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3032 ** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3033 ** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3034 **
3035 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3036 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3037 ** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3038 ** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3039 **
3040 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3041 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3042 ** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3043 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3044 ** </dl>
3045 **
3046 ** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3047 ** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3048 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3049 ** then the behavior is undefined.
3050 **
3051 ** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
3052 ** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
3053 ** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
3054 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
3055 ** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
3056 ** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
3057 ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
3058 ** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
3059 ** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
3060 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
3061 ** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
3062 **
3063 ** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3064 ** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3065 ** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3066 ** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3067 **
3068 ** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3069 ** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3070 ** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3071 ** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3072 ** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3073 ** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3074 ** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3075 **
3076 ** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3077 ** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3078 ** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3079 **
3080 ** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3081 **
3082 ** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3083 ** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3084 ** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3085 ** set in the fourth argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3086 ** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3087 ** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3088 ** As of SQLite version 3.7.7, URI filename interpretation is turned off
3089 ** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3090 ** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3091 ** information.
3092 **
3093 ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3094 ** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3095 ** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3096 ** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3097 ** present, is ignored.
3098 **
3099 ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3100 ** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3101 ** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3102 ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3103 ** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3104 ** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3105 ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3106 **
3107 ** [[core URI query parameters]]
3108 ** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3109 ** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3110 ** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3111 ** following query parameters:
3112 **
3113 ** <ul>
3114 **   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3115 **     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3116 **     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3117 **     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3118 **     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3119 **     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3120 **     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3121 **
3122 **   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3123 **     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3124 **     an error)^.
3125 **     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3126 **     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3127 **     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3128 **     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3129 **     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3130 **     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3131 **     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3132 **     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3133 **     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3134 **     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3135 **     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3136 **
3137 **   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3138 **     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3139 **     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3140 **     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3141 **     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3142 **     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3143 **     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3144 **     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3145 **
3146 **  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3147 **     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3148 **     storage media on which the database file resides.
3149 **
3150 **  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3151 **     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3152 **     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3153 **     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3154 **     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3155 **     processes uses nolock=1.
3156 **
3157 **  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3158 **     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3159 **     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3160 **     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3161 **     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3162 **     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3163 **     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3164 **     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3165 **     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3166 **
3167 ** </ul>
3168 **
3169 ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3170 ** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3171 ** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3172 ** additional information.
3173 **
3174 ** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3175 **
3176 ** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3177 ** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3178 ** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3179 **          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3180 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3181 **          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3182 **          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3183 **          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3184 ** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3185 **          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3186 ** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3187 **          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3188 **     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3189 **          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3190 **          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3191 **          in URI filenames.
3192 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3193 **          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3194 **          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3195 **          default, use a private cache.
3196 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3197 **          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3198 **          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3199 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3200 **          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3201 ** </table>
3202 **
3203 ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3204 ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3205 ** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3206 ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3207 ** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3208 ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3209 ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3210 ** the results are undefined.
3211 **
3212 ** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3213 ** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3214 ** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3215 ** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3216 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3217 **
3218 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3219 ** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3220 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3221 **
3222 ** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3223 */
3224 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3225   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3226   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3227 );
3228 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3229   const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3230   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3231 );
3232 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3233   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3234   sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3235   int flags,              /* Flags */
3236   const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3237 );
3238 
3239 /*
3240 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3241 **
3242 ** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3243 ** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3244 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3245 **
3246 ** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3247 ** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3248 ** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3249 ** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3250 ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3251 ** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3252 ** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3253 ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3254 ** a pointer to an empty string.
3255 **
3256 ** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3257 ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3258 ** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3259 ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3260 ** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3261 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3262 ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3263 ** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3264 ** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3265 ** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3266 **
3267 ** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3268 ** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3269 ** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3270 ** zero is returned.
3271 **
3272 ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3273 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3274 ** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3275 ** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3276 ** undesirable.
3277 */
3278 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3279 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3280 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3281 
3282 
3283 /*
3284 ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3285 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3286 **
3287 ** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3288 ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3289 ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3290 ** API call.
3291 ** If the most recent API call was successful,
3292 ** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
3293 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3294 ** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3295 ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3296 ** disabled.
3297 **
3298 ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3299 ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3300 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3301 ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3302 ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3303 ** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3304 **
3305 ** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3306 ** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3307 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3308 ** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3309 **
3310 ** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3311 ** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3312 ** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3313 ** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3314 ** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3315 ** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3316 ** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3317 ** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3318 ** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3319 **
3320 ** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3321 ** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3322 ** error code and message may or may not be set.
3323 */
3324 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3325 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3326 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3327 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3328 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3329 
3330 /*
3331 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3332 ** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3333 **
3334 ** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3335 ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3336 **
3337 ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3338 ** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3339 ** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3340 ** prepared statement before it can be run.
3341 **
3342 ** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3343 **
3344 ** <ol>
3345 ** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3346 ** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3347 **      interfaces.
3348 ** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3349 ** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3350 **      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3351 ** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3352 ** </ol>
3353 */
3354 typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3355 
3356 /*
3357 ** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3358 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3359 **
3360 ** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3361 ** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3362 ** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3363 ** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3364 ** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3365 ** new limit for that construct.)^
3366 **
3367 ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3368 ** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3369 ** [limits | hard upper bound]
3370 ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3371 ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3372 ** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3373 ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3374 ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3375 **
3376 ** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3377 ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3378 ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3379 ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3380 **
3381 ** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3382 ** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3383 ** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3384 ** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3385 ** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3386 ** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3387 ** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3388 ** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3389 ** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3390 ** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3391 ** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3392 ** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3393 **
3394 ** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3395 */
3396 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3397 
3398 /*
3399 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3400 ** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3401 **
3402 ** These constants define various performance limits
3403 ** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3404 ** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3405 ** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3406 **
3407 ** <dl>
3408 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3409 ** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3410 **
3411 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3412 ** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3413 **
3414 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3415 ** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3416 ** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3417 ** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3418 **
3419 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3420 ** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3421 **
3422 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3423 ** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3424 **
3425 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3426 ** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3427 ** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3428 ** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3429 ** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3430 **
3431 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3432 ** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3433 **
3434 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3435 ** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3436 **
3437 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3438 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3439 ** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3440 ** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3441 **
3442 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3443 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3444 ** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3445 **
3446 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3447 ** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3448 **
3449 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3450 ** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3451 ** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3452 ** </dl>
3453 */
3454 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3455 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3456 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3457 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3458 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3459 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3460 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3461 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3462 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3463 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3464 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3465 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3466 
3467 
3468 /*
3469 ** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3470 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3471 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3472 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3473 **
3474 ** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3475 ** program using one of these routines.
3476 **
3477 ** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3478 ** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3479 ** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3480 **
3481 ** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3482 ** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
3483 ** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
3484 ** use UTF-16.
3485 **
3486 ** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3487 ** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3488 ** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3489 ** statement is generated.
3490 ** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3491 ** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3492 ** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3493 ** the nul-terminator.
3494 **
3495 ** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3496 ** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3497 ** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3498 ** what remains uncompiled.
3499 **
3500 ** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3501 ** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3502 ** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3503 ** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3504 ** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3505 ** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3506 ** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3507 **
3508 ** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3509 ** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3510 **
3511 ** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
3512 ** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
3513 ** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3514 ** ^In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
3515 ** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3516 ** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3517 ** behave differently in three ways:
3518 **
3519 ** <ol>
3520 ** <li>
3521 ** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3522 ** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3523 ** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3524 ** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3525 ** </li>
3526 **
3527 ** <li>
3528 ** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3529 ** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3530 ** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3531 ** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3532 ** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3533 ** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3534 ** </li>
3535 **
3536 ** <li>
3537 ** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3538 ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3539 ** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3540 ** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3541 ** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3542 ** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3543 ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3544 ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3545 ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3546 ** </li>
3547 ** </ol>
3548 */
3549 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
3550   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3551   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3552   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3553   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3554   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3555 );
3556 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3557   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3558   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3559   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3560   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3561   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3562 );
3563 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
3564   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3565   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3566   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3567   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3568   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3569 );
3570 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3571   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3572   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3573   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3574   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3575   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3576 );
3577 
3578 /*
3579 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3580 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3581 **
3582 ** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
3583 ** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
3584 ** created by either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3585 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3586 ** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
3587 ** [bound parameters] expanded.
3588 **
3589 ** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
3590 ** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
3591 ** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
3592 ** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
3593 ** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
3594 **
3595 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
3596 ** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
3597 ** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
3598 **
3599 ** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
3600 ** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
3601 ** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
3602 **
3603 ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_sql(P) is managed by SQLite and is
3604 ** automatically freed when the prepared statement is finalized.
3605 ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
3606 ** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
3607 ** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
3608 */
3609 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3610 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3611 
3612 /*
3613 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3614 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3615 **
3616 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3617 ** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3618 ** the content of the database file.
3619 **
3620 ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3621 ** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3622 ** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3623 ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3624 ** change the database file through side-effects:
3625 **
3626 ** <blockquote><pre>
3627 **    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3628 ** </pre></blockquote>
3629 **
3630 ** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3631 ** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3632 **
3633 ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3634 ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3635 ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3636 ** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3637 ** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3638 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3639 ** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3640 ** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3641 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
3642 ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
3643 ** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
3644 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
3645 */
3646 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3647 
3648 /*
3649 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3650 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3651 **
3652 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3653 ** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3654 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3655 ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3656 ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3657 ** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3658 ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3659 ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3660 **
3661 ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3662 ** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3663 ** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3664 ** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3665 ** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3666 */
3667 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3668 
3669 /*
3670 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3671 ** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3672 **
3673 ** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3674 ** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3675 ** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3676 ** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3677 **
3678 ** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3679 ** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3680 ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3681 ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3682 ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3683 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3684 ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3685 **
3686 ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3687 ** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3688 ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3689 ** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3690 ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3691 ** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3692 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3693 ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3694 ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3695 ** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3696 ** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3697 ** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3698 **
3699 ** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3700 ** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3701 ** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3702 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3703 ** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
3704 ** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
3705 ** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3706 ** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3707 */
3708 typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
3709 
3710 /*
3711 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3712 **
3713 ** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3714 ** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3715 ** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3716 ** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3717 ** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3718 ** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3719 ** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3720 ** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3721 */
3722 typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3723 
3724 /*
3725 ** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3726 ** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3727 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3728 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3729 **
3730 ** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3731 ** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3732 ** templates:
3733 **
3734 ** <ul>
3735 ** <li>  ?
3736 ** <li>  ?NNN
3737 ** <li>  :VVV
3738 ** <li>  @VVV
3739 ** <li>  $VVV
3740 ** </ul>
3741 **
3742 ** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3743 ** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3744 ** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3745 ** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3746 **
3747 ** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3748 ** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3749 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3750 **
3751 ** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3752 ** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3753 ** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3754 ** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3755 ** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3756 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3757 ** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3758 ** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3759 ** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3760 **
3761 ** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3762 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3763 ** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3764 ** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3765 **
3766 ** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3767 ** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3768 ** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3769 ** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3770 ** is negative, then the length of the string is
3771 ** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3772 ** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3773 ** the behavior is undefined.
3774 ** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3775 ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3776 ** that parameter must be the byte offset
3777 ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3778 ** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3779 ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3780 ** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3781 ** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3782 **
3783 ** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3784 ** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3785 ** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3786 ** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3787 ** ^If the fifth argument is
3788 ** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3789 ** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3790 ** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3791 ** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3792 ** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3793 **
3794 ** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3795 ** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3796 ** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3797 ** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3798 ** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3799 ** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3800 ** is undefined.
3801 **
3802 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3803 ** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3804 ** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3805 ** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3806 ** content is later written using
3807 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3808 ** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3809 **
3810 ** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3811 ** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3812 ** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3813 ** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3814 ** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3815 ** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3816 **
3817 ** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3818 ** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3819 **
3820 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3821 ** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3822 ** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3823 ** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3824 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3825 ** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3826 ** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3827 **
3828 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3829 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3830 */
3831 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3832 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3833                         void(*)(void*));
3834 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3835 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3836 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3837 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3838 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
3839 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3840 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3841                          void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3842 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3843 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3844 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3845 
3846 /*
3847 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3848 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3849 **
3850 ** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3851 ** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3852 ** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3853 ** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3854 ** to the parameters at a later time.
3855 **
3856 ** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3857 ** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3858 ** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
3859 ** there may be gaps in the list.)^
3860 **
3861 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3862 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3863 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3864 */
3865 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3866 
3867 /*
3868 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
3869 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3870 **
3871 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
3872 ** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
3873 ** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3874 ** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3875 ** respectively.
3876 ** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3877 ** is included as part of the name.)^
3878 ** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3879 ** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
3880 **
3881 ** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3882 **
3883 ** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
3884 ** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
3885 ** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3886 ** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3887 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3888 **
3889 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3890 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3891 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3892 */
3893 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3894 
3895 /*
3896 ** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
3897 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3898 **
3899 ** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
3900 ** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3901 ** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
3902 ** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
3903 ** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3904 ** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3905 **
3906 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3907 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3908 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
3909 */
3910 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3911 
3912 /*
3913 ** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
3914 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3915 **
3916 ** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3917 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3918 ** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3919 */
3920 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3921 
3922 /*
3923 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
3924 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3925 **
3926 ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3927 ** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
3928 ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3929 ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
3930 ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
3931 ** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
3932 ** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
3933 **
3934 ** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
3935 */
3936 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3937 
3938 /*
3939 ** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
3940 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3941 **
3942 ** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3943 ** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
3944 ** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3945 ** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3946 ** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3947 ** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
3948 ** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
3949 **
3950 ** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
3951 ** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3952 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3953 ** or until the next call to
3954 ** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
3955 **
3956 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
3957 ** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
3958 ** NULL pointer is returned.
3959 **
3960 ** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
3961 ** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
3962 ** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
3963 ** one release of SQLite to the next.
3964 */
3965 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3966 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3967 
3968 /*
3969 ** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
3970 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3971 **
3972 ** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
3973 ** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
3974 ** [SELECT] statement.
3975 ** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
3976 ** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
3977 ** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
3978 ** the origin_ routines return the column name.
3979 ** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
3980 ** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3981 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3982 ** or until the same information is requested
3983 ** again in a different encoding.
3984 **
3985 ** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
3986 ** database, table, and column.
3987 **
3988 ** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
3989 ** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
3990 ** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
3991 ** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
3992 **
3993 ** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
3994 ** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
3995 ** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
3996 ** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
3997 ** or column that query result column was extracted from.
3998 **
3999 ** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4000 ** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4001 **
4002 ** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4003 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4004 **
4005 ** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
4006 ** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
4007 ** undefined.
4008 **
4009 ** If two or more threads call one or more
4010 ** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4011 ** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4012 ** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4013 */
4014 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4015 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4016 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4017 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4018 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4019 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4020 
4021 /*
4022 ** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4023 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4024 **
4025 ** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4026 ** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4027 ** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4028 ** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4029 ** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4030 ** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4031 ** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4032 **
4033 ** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4034 **
4035 ** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4036 **
4037 ** and the following statement to be compiled:
4038 **
4039 ** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4040 **
4041 ** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4042 ** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4043 **
4044 ** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4045 ** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4046 ** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4047 ** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4048 ** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4049 ** used to hold those values.
4050 */
4051 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4052 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4053 
4054 /*
4055 ** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4056 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4057 **
4058 ** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
4059 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
4060 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4061 ** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4062 **
4063 ** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4064 ** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
4065 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4066 ** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4067 ** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4068 ** interface will continue to be supported.
4069 **
4070 ** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4071 ** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4072 ** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4073 ** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4074 **
4075 ** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4076 ** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4077 ** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4078 ** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4079 ** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4080 ** continuing.
4081 **
4082 ** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4083 ** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4084 ** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4085 ** machine back to its initial state.
4086 **
4087 ** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4088 ** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4089 ** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4090 ** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4091 **
4092 ** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4093 ** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4094 ** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4095 ** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4096 ** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4097 ** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4098 ** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4099 ** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4100 **
4101 ** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4102 ** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4103 ** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4104 ** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4105 ** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4106 ** more threads at the same moment in time.
4107 **
4108 ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4109 ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4110 ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4111 ** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4112 ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4113 ** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4114 ** sqlite3_step() began
4115 ** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4116 ** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4117 ** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4118 ** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4119 ** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4120 **
4121 ** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4122 ** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4123 ** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4124 ** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4125 ** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4126 ** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4127 ** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4128 ** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
4129 ** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4130 ** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4131 ** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
4132 */
4133 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4134 
4135 /*
4136 ** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4137 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4138 **
4139 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4140 ** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4141 ** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4142 ** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
4143 ** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4144 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4145 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4146 ** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4147 ** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4148 ** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4149 ** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4150 ** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4151 **
4152 ** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4153 */
4154 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4155 
4156 /*
4157 ** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4158 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4159 **
4160 ** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4161 **
4162 ** <ul>
4163 ** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4164 ** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4165 ** <li> string
4166 ** <li> BLOB
4167 ** <li> NULL
4168 ** </ul>)^
4169 **
4170 ** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4171 **
4172 ** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4173 ** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4174 ** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4175 ** SQLITE_TEXT.
4176 */
4177 #define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4178 #define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4179 #define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4180 #define SQLITE_NULL     5
4181 #ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4182 # undef SQLITE_TEXT
4183 #else
4184 # define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4185 #endif
4186 #define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4187 
4188 /*
4189 ** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4190 ** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4191 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4192 **
4193 ** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4194 ** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4195 ** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4196 ** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4197 ** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4198 ** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4199 ** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4200 ** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4201 **
4202 ** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4203 ** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4204 ** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4205 ** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4206 ** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4207 ** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4208 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4209 ** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4210 ** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4211 ** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4212 ** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4213 **
4214 ** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4215 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4216 ** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4217 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
4218 ** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
4219 ** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
4220 ** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
4221 ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4222 ** following a type conversion.
4223 **
4224 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4225 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4226 ** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4227 ** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4228 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4229 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4230 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4231 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4232 **
4233 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4234 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4235 ** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4236 ** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4237 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4238 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4239 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4240 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4241 **
4242 ** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4243 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4244 ** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4245 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4246 ** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4247 **
4248 ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4249 ** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4250 ** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4251 **
4252 ** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4253 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4254 ** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4255 ** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4256 ** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4257 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4258 ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4259 ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4260 **
4261 ** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  ^For
4262 ** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4263 ** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4264 ** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4265 ** that are applied:
4266 **
4267 ** <blockquote>
4268 ** <table border="1">
4269 ** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4270 **
4271 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4272 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4273 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4274 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4275 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4276 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4277 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4278 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4279 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4280 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4281 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4282 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4283 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4284 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4285 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4286 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4287 ** </table>
4288 ** </blockquote>)^
4289 **
4290 ** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4291 ** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4292 ** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4293 ** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4294 ** in the following cases:
4295 **
4296 ** <ul>
4297 ** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4298 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4299 **      need to be added to the string.</li>
4300 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4301 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4302 **      to UTF-16.</li>
4303 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4304 **      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4305 **      to UTF-8.</li>
4306 ** </ul>
4307 **
4308 ** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4309 ** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4310 ** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4311 ** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4312 ** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4313 **
4314 ** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4315 ** in one of the following ways:
4316 **
4317 ** <ul>
4318 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4319 **  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4320 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4321 ** </ul>
4322 **
4323 ** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4324 ** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4325 ** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4326 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4327 ** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4328 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4329 ** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4330 **
4331 ** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4332 ** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4333 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4334 ** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <em>not</em> pass the pointers returned
4335 ** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4336 ** [sqlite3_free()].
4337 **
4338 ** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
4339 ** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
4340 ** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
4341 ** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
4342 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^
4343 */
4344 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4345 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4346 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4347 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4348 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4349 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4350 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4351 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4352 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4353 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4354 
4355 /*
4356 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4357 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4358 **
4359 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4360 ** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4361 ** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4362 ** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4363 ** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4364 ** [extended error code].
4365 **
4366 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4367 ** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4368 ** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4369 ** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4370 ** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4371 ** completed execution.
4372 **
4373 ** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4374 **
4375 ** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4376 ** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4377 ** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4378 ** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4379 ** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4380 */
4381 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4382 
4383 /*
4384 ** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4385 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4386 **
4387 ** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4388 ** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4389 ** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4390 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4391 ** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4392 **
4393 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4394 ** back to the beginning of its program.
4395 **
4396 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4397 ** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4398 ** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4399 ** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4400 **
4401 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4402 ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4403 ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4404 **
4405 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4406 ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4407 */
4408 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4409 
4410 /*
4411 ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4412 ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4413 ** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4414 ** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4415 ** METHOD: sqlite3
4416 **
4417 ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4418 ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4419 ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4420 ** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4421 ** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4422 ** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4423 ** the application data pointer.
4424 **
4425 ** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4426 ** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4427 ** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4428 ** to each database connection separately.
4429 **
4430 ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4431 ** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4432 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4433 ** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4434 ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4435 ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4436 **
4437 ** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4438 ** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4439 ** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4440 ** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4441 ** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4442 ** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4443 ** undefined.
4444 **
4445 ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4446 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4447 ** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4448 ** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4449 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4450 ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4451 ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4452 ** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4453 ** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4454 ** each encoding.
4455 ** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4456 ** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4457 **
4458 ** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4459 ** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4460 ** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4461 ** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4462 ** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4463 ** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4464 ** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4465 **
4466 ** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4467 ** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4468 **
4469 ** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4470 ** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4471 ** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4472 ** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4473 ** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4474 ** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4475 ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4476 ** callbacks.
4477 **
4478 ** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4479 ** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4480 ** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4481 ** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4482 ** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4483 ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4484 ** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4485 ** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4486 ** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4487 **
4488 ** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4489 ** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4490 ** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4491 ** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4492 ** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4493 ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4494 ** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4495 ** matches the database encoding is a better
4496 ** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4497 ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4498 ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4499 ** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4500 **
4501 ** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4502 **
4503 ** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4504 ** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4505 ** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4506 ** statement in which the function is running.
4507 */
4508 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
4509   sqlite3 *db,
4510   const char *zFunctionName,
4511   int nArg,
4512   int eTextRep,
4513   void *pApp,
4514   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4515   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4516   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4517 );
4518 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
4519   sqlite3 *db,
4520   const void *zFunctionName,
4521   int nArg,
4522   int eTextRep,
4523   void *pApp,
4524   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4525   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4526   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4527 );
4528 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4529   sqlite3 *db,
4530   const char *zFunctionName,
4531   int nArg,
4532   int eTextRep,
4533   void *pApp,
4534   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4535   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4536   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4537   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4538 );
4539 
4540 /*
4541 ** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4542 **
4543 ** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4544 ** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4545 */
4546 #define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4547 #define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4548 #define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4549 #define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4550 #define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4551 #define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4552 
4553 /*
4554 ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4555 **
4556 ** These constants may be ORed together with the
4557 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4558 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4559 ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4560 */
4561 #define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4562 
4563 /*
4564 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4565 ** DEPRECATED
4566 **
4567 ** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4568 ** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4569 ** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4570 ** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4571 ** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4572 */
4573 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4574 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4575 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4576 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4577 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4578 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4579 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4580                       void*,sqlite3_int64);
4581 #endif
4582 
4583 /*
4584 ** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4585 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4586 **
4587 ** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
4588 ** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
4589 ** the function or aggregate.
4590 **
4591 ** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
4592 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4593 ** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
4594 ** The 3rd parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4595 ** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4596 ** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4597 ** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4598 **
4599 ** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4600 ** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4601 ** object results in undefined behavior.
4602 **
4603 ** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4604 ** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4605 ** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4606 **
4607 ** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4608 ** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4609 ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4610 ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4611 **
4612 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4613 ** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4614 ** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4615 ** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4616 ** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4617 ** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4618 ** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4619 **
4620 ** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4621 ** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4622 ** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4623 ** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4624 ** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4625 **
4626 ** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4627 ** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4628 */
4629 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4630 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4631 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4632 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4633 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4634 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4635 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*);
4636 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4637 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4638 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4639 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4640 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4641 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4642 
4643 /*
4644 ** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
4645 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4646 **
4647 ** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
4648 ** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
4649 ** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
4650 ** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
4651 ** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
4652 **
4653 ** SQLite makes no use of subtype itself.  It merely passes the subtype
4654 ** from the result of one [application-defined SQL function] into the
4655 ** input of another.
4656 */
4657 SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
4658 
4659 /*
4660 ** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4661 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4662 **
4663 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4664 ** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4665 ** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4666 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4667 ** memory allocation fails.
4668 **
4669 ** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4670 ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4671 ** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4672 */
4673 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4674 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4675 
4676 /*
4677 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4678 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4679 **
4680 ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4681 ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4682 **
4683 ** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4684 ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4685 ** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4686 ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4687 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4688 ** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4689 ** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4690 ** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4691 ** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4692 ** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4693 ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4694 ** first time from within xFinal().)^
4695 **
4696 ** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4697 ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4698 ** allocate error occurs.
4699 **
4700 ** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4701 ** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4702 ** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4703 ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4704 ** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4705 ** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4706 ** pointless memory allocations occur.
4707 **
4708 ** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4709 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4710 **
4711 ** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4712 ** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4713 ** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4714 ** function.
4715 **
4716 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4717 ** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4718 */
4719 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4720 
4721 /*
4722 ** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
4723 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4724 **
4725 ** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4726 ** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4727 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4728 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4729 ** registered the application defined function.
4730 **
4731 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4732 ** the application-defined function is running.
4733 */
4734 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4735 
4736 /*
4737 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
4738 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4739 **
4740 ** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4741 ** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4742 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4743 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4744 ** registered the application defined function.
4745 */
4746 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4747 
4748 /*
4749 ** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
4750 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4751 **
4752 ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
4753 ** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4754 ** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4755 ** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
4756 ** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
4757 ** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
4758 ** metadata associated with the pattern string.
4759 ** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
4760 ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4761 ** invocations of the same function.
4762 **
4763 ** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4764 ** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
4765 ** value to the application-defined function. ^If there is no metadata
4766 ** associated with the function argument, this sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface
4767 ** returns a NULL pointer.
4768 **
4769 ** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
4770 ** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
4771 ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
4772 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
4773 ** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
4774 ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
4775 ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
4776 ** once, when the metadata is discarded.
4777 ** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
4778 ** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
4779 ** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
4780 **      SQL statement)^, or
4781 ** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
4782 **       parameter)^, or
4783 ** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
4784 **      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
4785 **
4786 ** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
4787 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
4788 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
4789 ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
4790 ** function implementation should not make any use of P after
4791 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
4792 **
4793 ** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4794 ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
4795 ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
4796 **
4797 ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4798 ** the SQL function is running.
4799 */
4800 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4801 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
4802 
4803 
4804 /*
4805 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
4806 **
4807 ** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4808 ** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
4809 ** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4810 ** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
4811 ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4812 ** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4813 ** the content before returning.
4814 **
4815 ** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4816 ** C++ compilers.
4817 */
4818 typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4819 #define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4820 #define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4821 
4822 /*
4823 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
4824 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4825 **
4826 ** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4827 ** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4828 ** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4829 ** for additional information.
4830 **
4831 ** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4832 ** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4833 ** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4834 **
4835 ** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4836 ** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4837 ** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4838 ** third parameter.
4839 **
4840 ** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
4841 ** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
4842 ** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
4843 **
4844 ** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4845 ** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4846 ** by its 2nd argument.
4847 **
4848 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4849 ** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4850 ** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4851 ** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4852 ** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
4853 ** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
4854 ** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4855 ** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4856 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4857 ** message all text up through the first zero character.
4858 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4859 ** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4860 ** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4861 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4862 ** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4863 ** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4864 ** modify the text after they return without harm.
4865 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4866 ** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
4867 ** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4868 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4869 **
4870 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4871 ** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
4872 **
4873 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4874 ** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4875 **
4876 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4877 ** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4878 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
4879 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4880 ** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4881 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
4882 **
4883 ** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4884 ** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4885 **
4886 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4887 ** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4888 ** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4889 ** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4890 ** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4891 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
4892 ** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
4893 ** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
4894 ** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
4895 ** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4896 ** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4897 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4898 ** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4899 ** through the first zero character.
4900 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4901 ** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4902 ** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4903 ** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
4904 ** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
4905 ** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
4906 ** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
4907 ** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
4908 ** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
4909 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4910 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4911 ** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4912 ** finished using that result.
4913 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
4914 ** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4915 ** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4916 ** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
4917 ** when it has finished using that result.
4918 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4919 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4920 ** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4921 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4922 **
4923 ** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4924 ** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
4925 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
4926 ** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4927 ** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4928 ** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4929 ** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4930 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4931 ** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4932 **
4933 ** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4934 ** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4935 ** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4936 */
4937 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4938 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
4939                            sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
4940 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4941 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4942 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4943 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4944 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
4945 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
4946 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
4947 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
4948 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
4949 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*);
4950 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
4951 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
4952                            void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4953 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4954 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4955 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4956 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
4957 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
4958 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
4959 
4960 
4961 /*
4962 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
4963 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4964 **
4965 ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
4966 ** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
4967 ** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
4968 ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
4969 ** higher order bits are discarded.
4970 ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
4971 ** in future releases of SQLite.
4972 */
4973 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
4974 
4975 /*
4976 ** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
4977 ** METHOD: sqlite3
4978 **
4979 ** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
4980 ** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
4981 **
4982 ** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
4983 ** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
4984 ** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
4985 ** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
4986 ** considered to be the same name.
4987 **
4988 ** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
4989 ** <ul>
4990 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
4991 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
4992 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4993 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
4994 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
4995 ** </ul>)^
4996 ** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
4997 ** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
4998 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
4999 ** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5000 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5001 ** on an even byte address.
5002 **
5003 ** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5004 ** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5005 **
5006 ** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
5007 ** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5008 ** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5009 ** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5010 ** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
5011 ** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5012 ** that collation is no longer usable.
5013 **
5014 ** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5015 ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5016 ** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
5017 ** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5018 ** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5019 ** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5020 ** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5021 ** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5022 ** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5023 ** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5024 ** strings A, B, and C:
5025 **
5026 ** <ol>
5027 ** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5028 ** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5029 ** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5030 ** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5031 ** </ol>
5032 **
5033 ** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5034 ** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5035 ** is undefined.
5036 **
5037 ** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5038 ** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5039 ** the collating function is deleted.
5040 ** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5041 ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5042 ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5043 **
5044 ** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5045 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5046 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5047 ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5048 ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5049 ** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5050 ** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5051 ** compatibility.
5052 **
5053 ** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5054 */
5055 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
5056   sqlite3*,
5057   const char *zName,
5058   int eTextRep,
5059   void *pArg,
5060   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5061 );
5062 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5063   sqlite3*,
5064   const char *zName,
5065   int eTextRep,
5066   void *pArg,
5067   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5068   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5069 );
5070 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5071   sqlite3*,
5072   const void *zName,
5073   int eTextRep,
5074   void *pArg,
5075   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5076 );
5077 
5078 /*
5079 ** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5080 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5081 **
5082 ** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5083 ** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5084 ** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5085 ** sequence is required.
5086 **
5087 ** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5088 ** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5089 ** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5090 ** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5091 ** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5092 **
5093 ** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5094 ** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5095 ** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5096 ** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5097 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5098 ** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5099 ** required collation sequence.)^
5100 **
5101 ** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5102 ** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5103 ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5104 */
5105 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5106   sqlite3*,
5107   void*,
5108   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5109 );
5110 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5111   sqlite3*,
5112   void*,
5113   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5114 );
5115 
5116 #ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
5117 /*
5118 ** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
5119 ** called right after sqlite3_open().
5120 **
5121 ** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5122 ** of SQLite.
5123 */
5124 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_key(
5125   sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5126   const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5127 );
5128 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_key_v2(
5129   sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5130   const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5131   const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5132 );
5133 
5134 /*
5135 ** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
5136 ** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
5137 ** database is decrypted.
5138 **
5139 ** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5140 ** of SQLite.
5141 */
5142 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rekey(
5143   sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5144   const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5145 );
5146 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
5147   sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5148   const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5149   const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5150 );
5151 
5152 /*
5153 ** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
5154 ** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
5155 */
5156 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_see(
5157   const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5158 );
5159 #endif
5160 
5161 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5162 /*
5163 ** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5164 ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5165 */
5166 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5167   const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5168 );
5169 #endif
5170 
5171 /*
5172 ** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5173 **
5174 ** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5175 ** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5176 **
5177 ** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5178 ** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5179 ** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5180 ** requested from the operating system is returned.
5181 **
5182 ** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5183 ** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5184 ** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5185 ** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5186 ** in the previous paragraphs.
5187 */
5188 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5189 
5190 /*
5191 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5192 **
5193 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5194 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5195 ** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5196 ** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5197 ** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5198 ** temporary file directory.
5199 **
5200 ** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5201 ** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5202 ** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5203 ** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5204 ** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5205 ** be avoided in new projects.
5206 **
5207 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5208 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5209 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5210 ** thread.
5211 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
5212 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5213 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5214 ** thereafter.
5215 **
5216 ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5217 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5218 ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5219 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5220 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5221 ** using [sqlite3_free].
5222 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5223 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5224 ** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5225 ** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
5226 ** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
5227 ** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
5228 ** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
5229 ** objects have been destroyed.
5230 **
5231 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
5232 ** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
5233 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
5234 ** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
5235 **
5236 ** <blockquote><pre>
5237 ** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
5238 ** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
5239 ** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
5240 ** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
5241 ** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
5242 ** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
5243 ** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
5244 ** </pre></blockquote>
5245 */
5246 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5247 
5248 /*
5249 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5250 **
5251 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5252 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5253 ** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5254 ** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5255 ** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5256 ** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5257 ** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5258 ** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5259 ** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5260 **
5261 ** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5262 ** open can result in a corrupt database.
5263 **
5264 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5265 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5266 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5267 ** thread.
5268 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
5269 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5270 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5271 ** thereafter.
5272 **
5273 ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5274 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5275 ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5276 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5277 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5278 ** using [sqlite3_free].
5279 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5280 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5281 ** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5282 */
5283 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5284 
5285 /*
5286 ** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5287 ** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5288 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5289 **
5290 ** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5291 ** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5292 ** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5293 ** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5294 ** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5295 **
5296 ** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5297 ** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5298 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5299 ** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5300 ** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5301 ** an error is to use this function.
5302 **
5303 ** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5304 ** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5305 ** is undefined.
5306 */
5307 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5308 
5309 /*
5310 ** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5311 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5312 **
5313 ** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5314 ** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5315 ** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5316 ** that was the first argument
5317 ** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5318 ** create the statement in the first place.
5319 */
5320 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5321 
5322 /*
5323 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5324 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5325 **
5326 ** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5327 ** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5328 ** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5329 ** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5330 ** a NULL pointer is returned.
5331 **
5332 ** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5333 ** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5334 ** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5335 ** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5336 */
5337 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5338 
5339 /*
5340 ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5341 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5342 **
5343 ** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5344 ** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5345 ** the name of a database on connection D.
5346 */
5347 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5348 
5349 /*
5350 ** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5351 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5352 **
5353 ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5354 ** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5355 ** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5356 ** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5357 ** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5358 **
5359 ** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5360 ** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5361 ** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5362 */
5363 SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5364 
5365 /*
5366 ** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5367 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5368 **
5369 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5370 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5371 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5372 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
5373 ** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5374 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5375 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5376 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
5377 ** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5378 ** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5379 ** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5380 **
5381 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5382 ** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5383 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5384 ** the first call for each function on D.
5385 **
5386 ** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5387 ** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5388 ** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5389 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5390 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5391 ** or rollback hook in the first place.
5392 ** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5393 ** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5394 ** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5395 **
5396 ** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5397 **
5398 ** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5399 ** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5400 ** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5401 ** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5402 ** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5403 **
5404 ** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5405 ** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5406 ** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5407 ** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5408 ** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5409 **
5410 ** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5411 */
5412 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
5413 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
5414 
5415 /*
5416 ** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5417 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5418 **
5419 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5420 ** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5421 ** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5422 ** a [rowid table].
5423 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5424 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
5425 **
5426 ** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5427 ** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5428 ** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5429 ** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5430 ** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5431 ** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5432 ** to be invoked.
5433 ** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5434 ** database and table name containing the affected row.
5435 ** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5436 ** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5437 **
5438 ** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5439 ** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5440 ** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5441 **
5442 ** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5443 ** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
5444 ** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5445 ** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5446 ** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5447 ** release of SQLite.
5448 **
5449 ** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5450 ** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5451 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5452 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5453 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5454 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5455 **
5456 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5457 ** returns the P argument from the previous call
5458 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5459 ** the first call on D.
5460 **
5461 ** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
5462 ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
5463 */
5464 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5465   sqlite3*,
5466   void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5467   void*
5468 );
5469 
5470 /*
5471 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5472 **
5473 ** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5474 ** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5475 ** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5476 ** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5477 **
5478 ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5479 ** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
5480 ** In prior versions of SQLite,
5481 ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5482 **
5483 ** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5484 ** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5485 ** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5486 ** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5487 **
5488 ** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5489 ** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5490 **
5491 ** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5492 ** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5493 ** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5494 **
5495 ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5496 ** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5497 ** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5498 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5499 **
5500 ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5501 ** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5502 **
5503 ** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5504 */
5505 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5506 
5507 /*
5508 ** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5509 **
5510 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5511 ** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5512 ** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5513 ** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5514 ** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5515 ** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5516 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5517 ** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5518 **
5519 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5520 */
5521 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5522 
5523 /*
5524 ** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5525 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5526 **
5527 ** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5528 ** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5529 ** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5530 ** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5531 ** omitted.
5532 **
5533 ** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5534 */
5535 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5536 
5537 /*
5538 ** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5539 **
5540 ** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5541 ** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5542 ** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5543 ** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5544 ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5545 ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5546 ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5547 ** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5548 ** is advisory only.
5549 **
5550 ** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5551 ** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5552 ** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5553 ** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5554 ** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5555 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5556 **
5557 ** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5558 **
5559 ** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5560 ** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5561 **
5562 ** <ul>
5563 ** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5564 ** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5565 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5566 **      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5567 ** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5568 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5569 ** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5570 **      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5571 **      from the heap.
5572 ** </ul>)^
5573 **
5574 ** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.7.3] ([dateof:3.7.3]),
5575 ** the soft heap limit is enforced
5576 ** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5577 ** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5578 ** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5579 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5580 ** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5581 ** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5582 ** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5583 ** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5584 **
5585 ** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5586 ** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5587 */
5588 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5589 
5590 /*
5591 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5592 ** DEPRECATED
5593 **
5594 ** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5595 ** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5596 ** only.  All new applications should use the
5597 ** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5598 */
5599 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5600 
5601 
5602 /*
5603 ** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5604 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5605 **
5606 ** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5607 ** information about column C of table T in database D
5608 ** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5609 ** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5610 ** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5611 ** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5612 ** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5613 ** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5614 ** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
5615 ** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5616 ** does not.
5617 **
5618 ** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5619 ** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5620 ** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5621 ** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5622 ** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5623 ** resolve unqualified table references.
5624 **
5625 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5626 ** name of the desired column, respectively.
5627 **
5628 ** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5629 ** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5630 ** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5631 **
5632 ** ^(<blockquote>
5633 ** <table border="1">
5634 ** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5635 **
5636 ** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5637 ** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5638 ** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5639 ** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5640 ** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5641 ** </table>
5642 ** </blockquote>)^
5643 **
5644 ** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5645 ** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5646 ** call to any SQLite API function.
5647 **
5648 ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5649 **
5650 ** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5651 ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5652 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5653 ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5654 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5655 ** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5656 **
5657 ** <pre>
5658 **     data type: "INTEGER"
5659 **     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5660 **     not null: 0
5661 **     primary key: 1
5662 **     auto increment: 0
5663 ** </pre>)^
5664 **
5665 ** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5666 ** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5667 ** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5668 */
5669 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5670   sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5671   const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5672   const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5673   const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5674   char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5675   char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5676   int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5677   int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5678   int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5679 );
5680 
5681 /*
5682 ** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
5683 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5684 **
5685 ** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5686 **
5687 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5688 ** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
5689 ** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
5690 ** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
5691 ** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
5692 ** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
5693 ** be tried also.
5694 **
5695 ** ^The entry point is zProc.
5696 ** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
5697 ** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
5698 ** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
5699 ** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
5700 ** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
5701 ** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
5702 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
5703 ** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5704 ** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5705 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5706 ** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5707 ** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
5708 ** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5709 **
5710 ** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
5711 ** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
5712 ** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
5713 ** prior to calling this API,
5714 ** otherwise an error will be returned.
5715 **
5716 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
5717 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
5718 ** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
5719 ** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
5720 ** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5721 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
5722 **
5723 ** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
5724 */
5725 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
5726   sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5727   const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5728   const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5729   char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5730 );
5731 
5732 /*
5733 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
5734 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5735 **
5736 ** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5737 ** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
5738 ** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5739 ** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5740 **
5741 ** ^Extension loading is off by default.
5742 ** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5743 ** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5744 ** it back off again.
5745 **
5746 ** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
5747 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
5748 ** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
5749 ** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
5750 **
5751 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
5752 ** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
5753 ** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
5754 ** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5755 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
5756 */
5757 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5758 
5759 /*
5760 ** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
5761 **
5762 ** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
5763 ** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
5764 ** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
5765 ** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
5766 **
5767 ** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
5768 ** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
5769 ** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
5770 ** entry point where as follows:
5771 **
5772 ** <blockquote><pre>
5773 ** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
5774 ** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
5775 ** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
5776 ** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
5777 ** &nbsp;  );
5778 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
5779 **
5780 ** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
5781 ** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
5782 ** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
5783 ** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
5784 ** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
5785 ** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5786 ** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
5787 **
5788 ** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
5789 ** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
5790 ** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
5791 **
5792 ** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
5793 ** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
5794 */
5795 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
5796 
5797 /*
5798 ** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
5799 **
5800 ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
5801 ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
5802 ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
5803 ** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
5804 ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
5805 ** routines.
5806 */
5807 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
5808 
5809 /*
5810 ** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
5811 **
5812 ** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
5813 ** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
5814 */
5815 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5816 
5817 /*
5818 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5819 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5820 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5821 **
5822 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5823 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5824 */
5825 
5826 /*
5827 ** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5828 */
5829 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5830 typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5831 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5832 typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5833 
5834 /*
5835 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
5836 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
5837 **
5838 ** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
5839 ** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
5840 ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
5841 **
5842 ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
5843 ** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
5844 ** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
5845 ** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
5846 ** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
5847 ** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
5848 ** any database connection.
5849 */
5850 struct sqlite3_module {
5851   int iVersion;
5852   int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5853                int argc, const char *const*argv,
5854                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5855   int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5856                int argc, const char *const*argv,
5857                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5858   int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5859   int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5860   int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5861   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5862   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5863   int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5864                 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5865   int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5866   int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5867   int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5868   int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5869   int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
5870   int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5871   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5872   int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5873   int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5874   int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
5875                        void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5876                        void **ppArg);
5877   int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5878   /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
5879   ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
5880   int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5881   int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5882   int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5883 };
5884 
5885 /*
5886 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
5887 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5888 **
5889 ** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
5890 ** of the [virtual table] interface to
5891 ** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
5892 ** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5893 ** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5894 ** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5895 **
5896 ** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5897 **
5898 ** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
5899 **
5900 ** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
5901 ** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
5902 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
5903 ** ^(The index of the column is stored in
5904 ** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5905 ** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5906 ** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
5907 **
5908 ** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5909 ** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5910 ** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5911 ** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
5912 ** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
5913 **
5914 ** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5915 ** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5916 **
5917 ** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
5918 ** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
5919 ** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
5920 ** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
5921 ** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
5922 ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
5923 ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
5924 ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
5925 ** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
5926 ** non-zero.
5927 **
5928 ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5929 ** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
5930 ** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5931 ** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5932 ** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5933 ** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
5934 **
5935 ** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
5936 ** [xFilter] method.
5937 ** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
5938 ** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5939 **
5940 ** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
5941 ** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5942 ** sorting step is required.
5943 **
5944 ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
5945 ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
5946 ** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
5947 ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
5948 ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
5949 **
5950 ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
5951 ** will be returned by the strategy.
5952 **
5953 ** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
5954 ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
5955 ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
5956 ** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
5957 **
5958 ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
5959 ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
5960 ** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
5961 ** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
5962 ** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
5963 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
5964 ** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
5965 ** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
5966 ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
5967 **
5968 ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
5969 ** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
5970 ** If a virtual table extension is
5971 ** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
5972 ** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
5973 ** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
5974 ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
5975 ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
5976 ** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
5977 ** It may therefore only be used if
5978 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
5979 ** 3009000.
5980 */
5981 struct sqlite3_index_info {
5982   /* Inputs */
5983   int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
5984   struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
5985      int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
5986      unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
5987      unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
5988      int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
5989   } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
5990   int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
5991   struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
5992      int iColumn;              /* Column number */
5993      unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
5994   } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
5995   /* Outputs */
5996   struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
5997     int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
5998     unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
5999   } *aConstraintUsage;
6000   int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6001   char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6002   int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6003   int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6004   double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6005   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6006   sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6007   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6008   int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6009   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6010   sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6011 };
6012 
6013 /*
6014 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6015 */
6016 #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6017 
6018 /*
6019 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6020 **
6021 ** These macros defined the allowed values for the
6022 ** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6023 ** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6024 ** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6025 */
6026 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ      2
6027 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT      4
6028 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE      8
6029 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT     16
6030 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE     32
6031 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH  64
6032 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE   65
6033 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB   66
6034 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67
6035 
6036 /*
6037 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6038 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6039 **
6040 ** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6041 ** ^Module names must be registered before
6042 ** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6043 ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6044 **
6045 ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6046 ** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6047 ** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6048 ** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6049 ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6050 ** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6051 ** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6052 **
6053 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6054 ** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6055 ** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6056 ** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6057 ** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6058 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6059 ** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6060 ** destructor.
6061 */
6062 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
6063   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6064   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6065   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6066   void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6067 );
6068 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6069   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6070   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6071   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6072   void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6073   void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6074 );
6075 
6076 /*
6077 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6078 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6079 **
6080 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6081 ** of this object to describe a particular instance
6082 ** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6083 ** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6084 ** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6085 ** common to all module implementations.
6086 **
6087 ** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6088 ** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6089 ** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6090 ** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6091 ** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6092 ** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6093 */
6094 struct sqlite3_vtab {
6095   const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6096   int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6097   char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6098   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6099 };
6100 
6101 /*
6102 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
6103 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
6104 **
6105 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
6106 ** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
6107 ** [virtual table] and are used
6108 ** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
6109 ** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
6110 ** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
6111 ** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
6112 ** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
6113 ** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
6114 **
6115 ** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
6116 ** are common to all implementations.
6117 */
6118 struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
6119   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
6120   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6121 };
6122 
6123 /*
6124 ** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
6125 **
6126 ** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
6127 ** [virtual table module] call this interface
6128 ** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
6129 ** the virtual tables they implement.
6130 */
6131 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
6132 
6133 /*
6134 ** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
6135 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6136 **
6137 ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
6138 ** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
6139 ** But global versions of those functions
6140 ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
6141 **
6142 ** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
6143 ** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
6144 ** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
6145 ** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
6146 ** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
6147 ** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
6148 ** by a [virtual table].
6149 */
6150 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
6151 
6152 /*
6153 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
6154 ** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
6155 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6156 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6157 **
6158 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6159 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6160 */
6161 
6162 /*
6163 ** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
6164 ** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
6165 **
6166 ** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
6167 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
6168 ** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
6169 ** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6170 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
6171 ** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
6172 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
6173 */
6174 typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
6175 
6176 /*
6177 ** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
6178 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6179 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6180 **
6181 ** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
6182 ** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
6183 ** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
6184 **
6185 ** <pre>
6186 **     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
6187 ** </pre>)^
6188 **
6189 ** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
6190 ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
6191 ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
6192 ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
6193 ** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
6194 **
6195 ** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
6196 ** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
6197 ** read-only access.
6198 **
6199 ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
6200 ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
6201 ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
6202 ** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
6203 ** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
6204 **
6205 ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
6206 ** <ul>
6207 **   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
6208 **   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
6209 **   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
6210 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
6211 **   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
6212 **   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
6213 **         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
6214 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
6215 **         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
6216 **   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
6217 **         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
6218 **         being opened for read/write access)^.
6219 ** </ul>
6220 **
6221 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
6222 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6223 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6224 **
6225 ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
6226 ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
6227 ** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
6228 ** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
6229 ** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
6230 ** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
6231 **
6232 ** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
6233 ** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
6234 ** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
6235 ** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
6236 ** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
6237 ** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
6238 ** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6239 ** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
6240 ** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
6241 ** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
6242 **
6243 ** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
6244 ** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
6245 ** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
6246 ** blob.
6247 **
6248 ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
6249 ** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
6250 ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
6251 **
6252 ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
6253 ** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6254 **
6255 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
6256 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
6257 ** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6258 */
6259 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
6260   sqlite3*,
6261   const char *zDb,
6262   const char *zTable,
6263   const char *zColumn,
6264   sqlite3_int64 iRow,
6265   int flags,
6266   sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
6267 );
6268 
6269 /*
6270 ** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
6271 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6272 **
6273 ** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
6274 ** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
6275 ** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
6276 ** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
6277 ** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
6278 ** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
6279 **
6280 ** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6281 ** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6282 ** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6283 ** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6284 ** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6285 ** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6286 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6287 ** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6288 ** always returns zero.
6289 **
6290 ** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6291 */
6292 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6293 
6294 /*
6295 ** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6296 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6297 **
6298 ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6299 ** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6300 ** handle is still closed.)^
6301 **
6302 ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6303 ** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6304 ** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6305 ** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6306 ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6307 **
6308 ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6309 ** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6310 ** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6311 ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6312 ** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6313 ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6314 */
6315 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6316 
6317 /*
6318 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6319 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6320 **
6321 ** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6322 ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6323 ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6324 ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6325 **
6326 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6327 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6328 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6329 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6330 */
6331 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6332 
6333 /*
6334 ** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6335 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6336 **
6337 ** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6338 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6339 ** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6340 **
6341 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6342 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6343 ** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6344 ** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6345 ** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6346 **
6347 ** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6348 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6349 **
6350 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6351 ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6352 **
6353 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6354 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6355 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6356 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6357 **
6358 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6359 */
6360 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
6361 
6362 /*
6363 ** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
6364 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6365 **
6366 ** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
6367 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
6368 ** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6369 **
6370 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
6371 ** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6372 ** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
6373 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6374 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6375 **
6376 ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
6377 ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
6378 ** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
6379 **
6380 ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
6381 ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
6382 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6383 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
6384 ** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
6385 ** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
6386 ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
6387 **
6388 ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6389 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
6390 ** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6391 ** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6392 ** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6393 ** or by other independent statements.
6394 **
6395 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6396 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6397 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6398 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6399 **
6400 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6401 */
6402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6403 
6404 /*
6405 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6406 **
6407 ** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6408 ** that SQLite uses to interact
6409 ** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6410 ** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6411 ** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6412 ** The following interfaces are provided.
6413 **
6414 ** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6415 ** ^Names are case sensitive.
6416 ** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6417 ** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6418 ** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6419 **
6420 ** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6421 ** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6422 ** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6423 ** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6424 ** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6425 ** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6426 ** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6427 ** then the behavior is undefined.
6428 **
6429 ** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6430 ** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6431 ** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6432 */
6433 SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6434 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6435 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6436 
6437 /*
6438 ** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6439 **
6440 ** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6441 ** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6442 ** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6443 ** permitted to use any of these routines.
6444 **
6445 ** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6446 ** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6447 ** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6448 ** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6449 **
6450 ** <ul>
6451 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6452 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6453 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6454 ** </ul>
6455 **
6456 ** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6457 ** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6458 ** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6459 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6460 ** and Windows.
6461 **
6462 ** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6463 ** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6464 ** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6465 ** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6466 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6467 ** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6468 ** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6469 **
6470 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6471 ** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6472 ** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6473 ** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6474 ** integer constants:
6475 **
6476 ** <ul>
6477 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6478 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6479 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6480 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6481 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6482 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6483 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6484 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6485 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6486 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6487 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6488 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
6489 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
6490 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
6491 ** </ul>
6492 **
6493 ** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6494 ** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6495 ** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6496 ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6497 ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6498 ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6499 ** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6500 ** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6501 ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6502 ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6503 **
6504 ** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6505 ** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6506 ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6507 ** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6508 ** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6509 ** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6510 ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6511 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6512 **
6513 ** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6514 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6515 ** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6516 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6517 ** the same type number.
6518 **
6519 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6520 ** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6521 ** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6522 **
6523 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6524 ** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6525 ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6526 ** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6527 ** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6528 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6529 ** In such cases, the
6530 ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6531 ** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6532 ** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6533 **
6534 ** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6535 ** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6536 ** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6537 ** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6538 ** behavior.)^
6539 **
6540 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6541 ** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6542 ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6543 ** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6544 **
6545 ** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6546 ** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6547 ** behave as no-ops.
6548 **
6549 ** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6550 */
6551 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6552 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6553 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6554 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6555 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6556 
6557 /*
6558 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6559 **
6560 ** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6561 ** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6562 **
6563 ** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6564 ** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6565 ** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6566 ** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6567 ** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6568 ** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6569 ** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6570 ** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6571 ** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6572 **
6573 ** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6574 ** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6575 ** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6576 ** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6577 **
6578 ** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6579 ** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6580 ** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6581 ** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6582 ** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6583 ** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6584 **
6585 ** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6586 ** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6587 ** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6588 **
6589 ** <ul>
6590 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6591 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6592 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6593 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6594 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6595 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6596 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6597 ** </ul>)^
6598 **
6599 ** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6600 ** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6601 ** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6602 ** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6603 ** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6604 ** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6605 ** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6606 **
6607 ** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6608 ** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6609 ** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6610 ** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6611 **
6612 ** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6613 ** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6614 ** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6615 ** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6616 **
6617 ** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6618 ** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6619 ** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6620 ** prior to returning.
6621 */
6622 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6623 struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6624   int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6625   int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6626   sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6627   void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6628   void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6629   int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6630   void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6631   int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6632   int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6633 };
6634 
6635 /*
6636 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6637 **
6638 ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6639 ** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6640 ** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6641 ** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6642 ** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6643 ** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6644 ** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6645 ** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6646 **
6647 ** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6648 ** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6649 **
6650 ** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6651 ** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6652 ** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6653 ** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6654 **
6655 ** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6656 ** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6657 ** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6658 ** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6659 ** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6660 ** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6661 ** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6662 ** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6663 */
6664 #ifndef NDEBUG
6665 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6666 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6667 #endif
6668 
6669 /*
6670 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
6671 **
6672 ** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6673 ** which is one of these integer constants.
6674 **
6675 ** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6676 ** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6677 ** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6678 */
6679 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6680 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6681 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6682 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6683 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
6684 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
6685 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
6686 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6687 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
6688 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
6689 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
6690 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
6691 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
6692 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
6693 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
6694 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
6695 
6696 /*
6697 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
6698 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6699 **
6700 ** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
6701 ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
6702 ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
6703 ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
6704 ** routine returns a NULL pointer.
6705 */
6706 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
6707 
6708 /*
6709 ** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
6710 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6711 **
6712 ** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6713 ** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6714 ** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
6715 ** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
6716 ** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
6717 ** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
6718 ** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
6719 ** main database file.
6720 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6721 ** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6722 ** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
6723 ** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6724 **
6725 ** ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER value for the op parameter causes
6726 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
6727 ** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
6728 ** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
6729 ** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
6730 **
6731 ** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6732 ** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
6733 ** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6734 ** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
6735 ** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
6736 ** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6737 ** xFileControl method.
6738 **
6739 ** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6740 */
6741 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6742 
6743 /*
6744 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
6745 **
6746 ** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6747 ** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6748 ** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6749 ** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6750 **
6751 ** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6752 ** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6753 ** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6754 **
6755 ** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6756 ** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6757 ** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6758 ** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6759 */
6760 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6761 
6762 /*
6763 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
6764 **
6765 ** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6766 ** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6767 **
6768 ** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6769 ** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6770 ** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6771 ** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6772 */
6773 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
6774 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6775 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6776 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6777 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6778 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6779 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6780 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
6781 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
6782 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
6783 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
6784 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
6785 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16
6786 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17
6787 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
6788 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
6789 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
6790 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
6791 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
6792 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
6793 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
6794 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
6795 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
6796 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    25
6797 
6798 /*
6799 ** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
6800 **
6801 ** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
6802 ** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6803 ** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
6804 ** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
6805 ** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
6806 ** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6807 ** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
6808 ** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6809 ** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
6810 ** value.  For those parameters
6811 ** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
6812 ** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6813 ** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
6814 **
6815 ** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
6816 ** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
6817 **
6818 ** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
6819 ** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
6820 ** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
6821 **
6822 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6823 */
6824 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6825 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
6826   int op,
6827   sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
6828   sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
6829   int resetFlag
6830 );
6831 
6832 
6833 /*
6834 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
6835 ** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
6836 **
6837 ** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6838 ** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6839 **
6840 ** <dl>
6841 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6842 ** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6843 ** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6844 ** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6845 ** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6846 ** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6847 ** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6848 ** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6849 ** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
6850 **
6851 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6852 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6853 ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6854 ** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6855 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6856 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6857 **
6858 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
6859 ** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
6860 ** currently checked out.</dd>)^
6861 **
6862 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6863 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6864 ** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6865 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6866 ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
6867 **
6868 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
6869 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6870 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6871 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6872 ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6873 ** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6874 ** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6875 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6876 ** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
6877 **
6878 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6879 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6880 ** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6881 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6882 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6883 **
6884 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6885 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6886 ** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6887 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6888 ** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6889 ** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6890 ** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>)^
6891 **
6892 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6893 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6894 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6895 ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6896 ** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6897 ** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6898 ** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6899 ** slots were available.
6900 ** </dd>)^
6901 **
6902 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6903 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6904 ** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6905 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6906 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6907 **
6908 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6909 ** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
6910 ** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
6911 ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
6912 ** </dl>
6913 **
6914 ** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6915 */
6916 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6917 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6918 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6919 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6920 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6921 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6922 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6923 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6924 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6925 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
6926 
6927 /*
6928 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
6929 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6930 **
6931 ** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6932 ** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
6933 ** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
6934 ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
6935 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
6936 ** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
6937 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
6938 ** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
6939 **
6940 ** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
6941 ** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
6942 ** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6943 ** reset back down to the current value.
6944 **
6945 ** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
6946 ** non-zero [error code] on failure.
6947 **
6948 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
6949 */
6950 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
6951 
6952 /*
6953 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
6954 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
6955 **
6956 ** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
6957 ** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
6958 **
6959 ** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
6960 ** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
6961 ** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
6962 ** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
6963 ** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
6964 **
6965 ** <dl>
6966 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
6967 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
6968 ** checked out.</dd>)^
6969 **
6970 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
6971 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
6972 ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6973 ** the current value is always zero.)^
6974 **
6975 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
6976 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
6977 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6978 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
6979 ** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
6980 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6981 ** the current value is always zero.)^
6982 **
6983 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
6984 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
6985 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6986 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
6987 ** memory already being in use.
6988 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6989 ** the current value is always zero.)^
6990 **
6991 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
6992 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6993 ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
6994 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
6995 **
6996 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
6997 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
6998 ** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
6999 ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
7000 ** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
7001 ** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
7002 ** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
7003 ** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
7004 ** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
7005 ** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
7006 ** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
7007 **
7008 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
7009 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7010 ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
7011 ** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
7012 ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
7013 ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
7014 ** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
7015 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
7016 **
7017 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
7018 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7019 ** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
7020 ** the database connection.)^
7021 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
7022 ** </dd>
7023 **
7024 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
7025 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
7026 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
7027 ** is always 0.
7028 ** </dd>
7029 **
7030 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
7031 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
7032 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
7033 ** is always 0.
7034 ** </dd>
7035 **
7036 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
7037 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7038 ** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
7039 ** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
7040 ** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
7041 ** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
7042 ** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
7043 ** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
7044 ** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
7045 ** </dd>
7046 **
7047 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
7048 ** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
7049 ** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
7050 ** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
7051 ** </dd>
7052 ** </dl>
7053 */
7054 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
7055 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
7056 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
7057 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
7058 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
7059 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
7060 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
7061 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
7062 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
7063 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
7064 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
7065 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
7066 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 11   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
7067 
7068 
7069 /*
7070 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
7071 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7072 **
7073 ** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
7074 ** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
7075 ** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
7076 ** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
7077 ** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
7078 ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
7079 ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
7080 ** an index.
7081 **
7082 ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
7083 ** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
7084 ** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
7085 ** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
7086 ** to be interrogated.)^
7087 ** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
7088 ** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
7089 ** interface call returns.
7090 **
7091 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
7092 */
7093 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
7094 
7095 /*
7096 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
7097 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
7098 **
7099 ** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
7100 ** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
7101 ** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
7102 **
7103 ** <dl>
7104 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
7105 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
7106 ** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
7107 ** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
7108 ** careful use of indices.</dd>
7109 **
7110 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
7111 ** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
7112 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7113 ** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
7114 **
7115 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
7116 ** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
7117 ** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
7118 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7119 ** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
7120 ** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
7121 **
7122 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
7123 ** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
7124 ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
7125 ** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
7126 ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
7127 ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
7128 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
7129 ** </dd>
7130 ** </dl>
7131 */
7132 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
7133 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
7134 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
7135 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
7136 
7137 /*
7138 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7139 **
7140 ** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
7141 ** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
7142 ** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
7143 ** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
7144 ** to the object.
7145 **
7146 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7147 */
7148 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
7149 
7150 /*
7151 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7152 **
7153 ** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
7154 ** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
7155 ** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
7156 ** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
7157 **
7158 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7159 */
7160 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
7161 struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
7162   void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
7163   void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
7164 };
7165 
7166 /*
7167 ** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
7168 ** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
7169 **
7170 ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
7171 ** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
7172 ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
7173 ** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
7174 ** SQLite is used for the page cache.
7175 ** By implementing a
7176 ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
7177 ** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
7178 ** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
7179 ** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
7180 ** how long.
7181 **
7182 ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
7183 ** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
7184 ** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
7185 **
7186 ** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
7187 ** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
7188 ** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
7189 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
7190 **
7191 ** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
7192 ** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
7193 ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
7194 ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
7195 ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
7196 ** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
7197 ** required by the custom page cache implementation.
7198 ** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
7199 ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
7200 ** page cache.)^
7201 **
7202 ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
7203 ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7204 ** It can be used to clean up
7205 ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
7206 ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
7207 **
7208 ** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
7209 ** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
7210 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
7211 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
7212 ** in multithreaded applications.
7213 **
7214 ** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
7215 ** call to xShutdown().
7216 **
7217 ** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
7218 ** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
7219 ** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
7220 ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
7221 ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
7222 ** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
7223 ** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
7224 ** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
7225 ** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
7226 ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
7227 ** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
7228 ** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
7229 ** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
7230 ** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
7231 ** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
7232 ** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
7233 ** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
7234 ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
7235 ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
7236 ** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
7237 ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
7238 ** never contain any unpinned pages.
7239 **
7240 ** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
7241 ** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
7242 ** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
7243 ** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
7244 ** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
7245 ** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
7246 ** value; it is advisory only.
7247 **
7248 ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
7249 ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
7250 ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
7251 **
7252 ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
7253 ** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
7254 ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
7255 ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
7256 ** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
7257 ** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
7258 ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
7259 ** for each entry in the page cache.
7260 **
7261 ** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
7262 ** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
7263 ** to be "pinned".
7264 **
7265 ** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
7266 ** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
7267 ** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
7268 ** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
7269 ** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
7270 **
7271 ** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
7272 ** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
7273 ** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
7274 ** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
7275 **                 Otherwise return NULL.
7276 ** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
7277 **                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
7278 ** </table>
7279 **
7280 ** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
7281 ** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
7282 ** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
7283 ** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
7284 ** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
7285 **
7286 ** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
7287 ** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
7288 ** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
7289 ** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
7290 ** ^If the discard parameter is
7291 ** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
7292 ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
7293 ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
7294 **
7295 ** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
7296 ** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
7297 ** to xFetch().
7298 **
7299 ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
7300 ** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
7301 ** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
7302 ** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
7303 ** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
7304 ** to be pinned.
7305 **
7306 ** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
7307 ** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
7308 ** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
7309 ** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
7310 ** they can be safely discarded.
7311 **
7312 ** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
7313 ** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
7314 ** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
7315 ** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
7316 ** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
7317 ** functions.
7318 **
7319 ** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
7320 ** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
7321 ** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
7322 ** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
7323 ** do their best.
7324 */
7325 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
7326 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
7327   int iVersion;
7328   void *pArg;
7329   int (*xInit)(void*);
7330   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7331   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
7332   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7333   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7334   sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7335   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
7336   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7337       unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7338   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7339   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7340   void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7341 };
7342 
7343 /*
7344 ** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
7345 ** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
7346 ** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
7347 */
7348 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
7349 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
7350   void *pArg;
7351   int (*xInit)(void*);
7352   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7353   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
7354   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7355   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7356   void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7357   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
7358   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7359   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7360   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7361 };
7362 
7363 
7364 /*
7365 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
7366 **
7367 ** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
7368 ** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
7369 ** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
7370 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
7371 **
7372 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7373 */
7374 typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
7375 
7376 /*
7377 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
7378 **
7379 ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
7380 ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
7381 ** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
7382 **
7383 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7384 **
7385 ** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
7386 ** for the duration of the backup operation.
7387 ** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
7388 ** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
7389 ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
7390 ** preventing other database connections from
7391 ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
7392 **
7393 ** ^(To perform a backup operation:
7394 **   <ol>
7395 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
7396 **         backup,
7397 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
7398 **         the data between the two databases, and finally
7399 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
7400 **         associated with the backup operation.
7401 **   </ol>)^
7402 ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
7403 ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
7404 **
7405 ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
7406 **
7407 ** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
7408 ** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7409 ** and the database name, respectively.
7410 ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7411 ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7412 ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7413 ** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7414 ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7415 ** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7416 ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7417 ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7418 ** an error.
7419 **
7420 ** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
7421 ** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7422 ** destination database.
7423 **
7424 ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7425 ** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7426 ** destination [database connection] D.
7427 ** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7428 ** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7429 ** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7430 ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7431 ** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7432 ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7433 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7434 ** operation.
7435 **
7436 ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7437 **
7438 ** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7439 ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7440 ** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7441 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7442 ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7443 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7444 ** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7445 ** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7446 ** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7447 ** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7448 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7449 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7450 **
7451 ** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7452 ** <ol>
7453 ** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7454 ** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7455 ** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7456 ** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7457 ** destination and source page sizes differ.
7458 ** </ol>)^
7459 **
7460 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7461 ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
7462 ** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
7463 ** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
7464 ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
7465 ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
7466 ** [database connection]
7467 ** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
7468 ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
7469 ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
7470 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
7471 ** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
7472 ** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
7473 ** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
7474 ** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
7475 ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
7476 **
7477 ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
7478 ** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
7479 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
7480 ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
7481 ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
7482 ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
7483 ** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
7484 ** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
7485 ** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
7486 ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
7487 ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
7488 ** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
7489 ** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
7490 ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
7491 ** updated at the same time.
7492 **
7493 ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
7494 **
7495 ** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
7496 ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
7497 ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7498 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
7499 ** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
7500 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
7501 ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
7502 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
7503 ** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7504 **
7505 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
7506 ** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
7507 ** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
7508 ** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
7509 ** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
7510 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
7511 **
7512 ** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
7513 ** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
7514 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().
7515 **
7516 ** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
7517 ** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
7518 **
7519 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
7520 ** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
7521 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
7522 ** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
7523 ** sqlite3_backup_step().
7524 ** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
7525 ** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
7526 ** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
7527 ** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7528 ** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
7529 ** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
7530 **
7531 ** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
7532 **
7533 ** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
7534 ** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
7535 ** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
7536 ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
7537 ** from within other threads.
7538 **
7539 ** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
7540 ** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
7541 ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
7542 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
7543 ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
7544 ** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
7545 ** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
7546 ** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
7547 **
7548 ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
7549 ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
7550 ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
7551 ** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
7552 ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
7553 ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
7554 **
7555 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
7556 ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
7557 ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7558 ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
7559 ** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
7560 ** possible that they return invalid values.
7561 */
7562 SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
7563   sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
7564   const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
7565   sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
7566   const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
7567 );
7568 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
7569 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
7570 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
7571 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
7572 
7573 /*
7574 ** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
7575 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7576 **
7577 ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
7578 ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
7579 ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
7580 ** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
7581 ** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
7582 ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
7583 ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
7584 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
7585 **
7586 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
7587 **
7588 ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
7589 ** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
7590 **
7591 ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
7592 ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
7593 ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
7594 ** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
7595 ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
7596 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
7597 ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
7598 ** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
7599 ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
7600 ** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
7601 **
7602 ** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
7603 ** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
7604 ** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
7605 ** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
7606 ** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
7607 **
7608 ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
7609 ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
7610 ** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
7611 ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
7612 **
7613 ** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
7614 ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
7615 ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
7616 ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
7617 ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
7618 ** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
7619 ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
7620 ** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
7621 **
7622 ** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
7623 ** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
7624 ** crash or deadlock may be the result.
7625 **
7626 ** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
7627 ** returns SQLITE_OK.
7628 **
7629 ** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
7630 **
7631 ** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
7632 ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
7633 ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
7634 ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
7635 ** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
7636 ** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
7637 **
7638 ** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
7639 ** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
7640 ** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
7641 ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
7642 ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
7643 ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
7644 ** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
7645 ** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
7646 **
7647 ** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
7648 **
7649 ** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
7650 ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
7651 ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
7652 ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
7653 ** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
7654 ** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
7655 ** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
7656 **
7657 ** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
7658 ** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
7659 ** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
7660 ** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
7661 ** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
7662 ** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
7663 ** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
7664 ** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
7665 ** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
7666 ** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
7667 ** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
7668 ** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
7669 **
7670 ** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
7671 **
7672 ** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
7673 ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
7674 ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
7675 ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
7676 ** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
7677 ** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
7678 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
7679 ** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
7680 ** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
7681 **
7682 ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
7683 ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
7684 ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
7685 ** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
7686 ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
7687 */
7688 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
7689   sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
7690   void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
7691   void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
7692 );
7693 
7694 
7695 /*
7696 ** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
7697 **
7698 ** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
7699 ** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
7700 ** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
7701 ** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
7702 */
7703 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
7704 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
7705 
7706 /*
7707 ** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
7708 *
7709 ** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
7710 ** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
7711 ** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
7712 ** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
7713 ** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
7714 ** is case sensitive.
7715 **
7716 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7717 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7718 **
7719 ** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
7720 */
7721 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
7722 
7723 /*
7724 ** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
7725 *
7726 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
7727 ** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
7728 ** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
7729 ** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
7730 ** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
7731 ** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
7732 ** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
7733 ** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
7734 ** one another.
7735 **
7736 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
7737 ** only ASCII characters are case folded.
7738 **
7739 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7740 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7741 **
7742 ** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
7743 */
7744 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
7745 
7746 /*
7747 ** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
7748 **
7749 ** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
7750 ** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
7751 ** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
7752 ** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
7753 **
7754 ** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
7755 ** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
7756 ** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
7757 ** is considered bad form.
7758 **
7759 ** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
7760 **
7761 ** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
7762 ** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
7763 ** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
7764 ** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
7765 ** buffer.
7766 */
7767 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
7768 
7769 /*
7770 ** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
7771 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7772 **
7773 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
7774 ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
7775 **
7776 ** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
7777 ** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
7778 ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
7779 **
7780 ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
7781 ** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
7782 ** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
7783 ** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
7784 ** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
7785 ** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
7786 ** including those that were just committed.
7787 **
7788 ** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
7789 ** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
7790 ** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
7791 ** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
7792 ** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
7793 ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
7794 ** are undefined.
7795 **
7796 ** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
7797 ** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
7798 ** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
7799 ** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
7800 ** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
7801 ** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
7802 */
7803 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
7804   sqlite3*,
7805   int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
7806   void*
7807 );
7808 
7809 /*
7810 ** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
7811 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7812 **
7813 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
7814 ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
7815 ** to automatically [checkpoint]
7816 ** after committing a transaction if there are N or
7817 ** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
7818 ** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
7819 ** checkpoints entirely.
7820 **
7821 ** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
7822 ** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
7823 ** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
7824 ** configured by this function.
7825 **
7826 ** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
7827 ** from SQL.
7828 **
7829 ** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
7830 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
7831 **
7832 ** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
7833 ** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
7834 ** pages.  The use of this interface
7835 ** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
7836 ** for a particular application.
7837 */
7838 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
7839 
7840 /*
7841 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7842 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7843 **
7844 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
7845 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
7846 **
7847 ** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
7848 ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
7849 ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
7850 ** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
7851 ** information.
7852 **
7853 ** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
7854 ** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
7855 ** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
7856 ** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
7857 ** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
7858 ** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
7859 */
7860 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
7861 
7862 /*
7863 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7864 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7865 **
7866 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
7867 ** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
7868 ** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
7869 ** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
7870 **
7871 ** <dl>
7872 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
7873 **   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
7874 **   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
7875 **   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
7876 **   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
7877 **   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
7878 **   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
7879 **
7880 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
7881 **   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
7882 **   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
7883 **   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
7884 **   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
7885 **   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
7886 **   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
7887 **
7888 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
7889 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
7890 **   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
7891 **   [busy-handler callback])
7892 **   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
7893 **   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
7894 **   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
7895 **   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
7896 **
7897 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
7898 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
7899 **   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
7900 **   to a successful return.
7901 ** </dl>
7902 **
7903 ** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
7904 ** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
7905 ** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
7906 ** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
7907 ** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
7908 ** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
7909 ** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
7910 ** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
7911 ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
7912 **
7913 ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
7914 ** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
7915 ** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
7916 ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
7917 **
7918 ** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
7919 ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
7920 ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
7921 ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
7922 ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
7923 ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
7924 ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
7925 ** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
7926 ** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
7927 ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
7928 **
7929 ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
7930 ** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
7931 ** [database connection] db.  In this case the
7932 ** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
7933 ** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
7934 ** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
7935 ** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
7936 ** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
7937 ** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
7938 ** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
7939 ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
7940 **
7941 ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
7942 ** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
7943 ** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
7944 ** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
7945 **
7946 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
7947 ** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
7948 ** sets the error information that is queried by
7949 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
7950 **
7951 ** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
7952 ** from SQL.
7953 */
7954 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
7955   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
7956   const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
7957   int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
7958   int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
7959   int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
7960 );
7961 
7962 /*
7963 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
7964 ** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
7965 **
7966 ** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
7967 ** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
7968 ** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
7969 ** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
7970 */
7971 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
7972 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
7973 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
7974 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
7975 
7976 /*
7977 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
7978 **
7979 ** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
7980 ** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
7981 ** various facets of the virtual table interface.
7982 **
7983 ** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
7984 ** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
7985 **
7986 ** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
7987 ** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
7988 ** may be added in the future.
7989 */
7990 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
7991 
7992 /*
7993 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
7994 **
7995 ** These macros define the various options to the
7996 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
7997 ** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
7998 **
7999 ** <dl>
8000 ** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
8001 ** <dd>Calls of the form
8002 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
8003 ** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
8004 ** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
8005 ** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
8006 ** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
8007 ** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
8008 ** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
8009 ** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
8010 **
8011 ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
8012 ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
8013 ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
8014 ** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
8015 ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
8016 ** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
8017 ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
8018 ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
8019 ** had been ABORT.
8020 **
8021 ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
8022 ** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
8023 ** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
8024 ** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
8025 ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
8026 ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
8027 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
8028 ** constraint handling.
8029 ** </dl>
8030 */
8031 #define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
8032 
8033 /*
8034 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
8035 **
8036 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
8037 ** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
8038 ** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
8039 ** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8040 ** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
8041 ** [virtual table].
8042 */
8043 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
8044 
8045 /*
8046 ** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
8047 ** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
8048 **
8049 ** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
8050 ** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8051 ** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
8052 **
8053 ** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
8054 ** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
8055 ** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
8056 */
8057 #define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
8058 /* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
8059 #define SQLITE_FAIL     3
8060 /* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
8061 #define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
8062 
8063 /*
8064 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
8065 ** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
8066 **
8067 ** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
8068 ** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
8069 ** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
8070 **
8071 ** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
8072 ** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
8073 ** S is finalized.
8074 **
8075 ** <dl>
8076 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
8077 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
8078 ** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
8079 **
8080 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
8081 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8082 ** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
8083 **
8084 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
8085 ** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8086 ** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
8087 ** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
8088 ** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
8089 ** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
8090 ** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
8091 **
8092 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
8093 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8094 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
8095 ** used for the X-th loop.
8096 **
8097 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
8098 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8099 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
8100 ** description for the X-th loop.
8101 **
8102 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
8103 ** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8104 ** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
8105 ** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
8106 ** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
8107 ** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
8108 ** </dl>
8109 */
8110 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
8111 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
8112 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
8113 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
8114 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
8115 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
8116 
8117 /*
8118 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
8119 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8120 **
8121 ** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
8122 ** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
8123 ** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
8124 ** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
8125 **
8126 ** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
8127 ** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
8128 ** compile-time option.
8129 **
8130 ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
8131 ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
8132 ** of this interface is undefined.
8133 ** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
8134 ** the "pOut" parameter.
8135 ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
8136 ** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
8137 ** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
8138 ** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
8139 ** points to is unchanged.
8140 **
8141 ** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
8142 ** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
8143 ** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
8144 ** that pOut points to unchanged.
8145 **
8146 ** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
8147 */
8148 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
8149   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
8150   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
8151   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
8152   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
8153 );
8154 
8155 /*
8156 ** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
8157 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8158 **
8159 ** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
8160 **
8161 ** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
8162 ** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
8163 */
8164 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
8165 
8166 /*
8167 ** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
8168 **
8169 ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
8170 ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
8171 ** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
8172 ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
8173 ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
8174 ** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
8175 ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
8176 ** any [attached] databases.
8177 **
8178 ** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
8179 ** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
8180 ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
8181 ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
8182 ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
8183 ** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
8184 ** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
8185 ** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
8186 **
8187 ** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
8188 ** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
8189 ** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
8190 **
8191 ** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
8192 **
8193 ** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
8194 ** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
8195 */
8196 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
8197 
8198 /*
8199 ** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
8200 **
8201 ** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
8202 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
8203 **
8204 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
8205 ** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
8206 ** on a database table.
8207 ** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
8208 ** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
8209 ** the previous setting.
8210 ** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
8211 ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
8212 ** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
8213 ** the first parameter to callbacks.
8214 **
8215 ** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
8216 ** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
8217 ** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1.
8218 **
8219 ** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
8220 ** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
8221 ** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
8222 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
8223 ** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
8224 ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8225 ** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
8226 ** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
8227 ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
8228 ** databases.)^
8229 ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8230 ** table that is being modified.
8231 **
8232 ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
8233 ** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
8234 ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
8235 ** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
8236 ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
8237 ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
8238 ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
8239 ** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
8240 ** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
8241 **
8242 ** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
8243 ** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
8244 ** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
8245 ** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
8246 ** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
8247 ** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
8248 ** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
8249 ** behavior.
8250 **
8251 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
8252 ** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
8253 **
8254 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8255 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8256 ** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8257 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8258 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
8259 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
8260 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8261 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8262 **
8263 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8264 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8265 ** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8266 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8267 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
8268 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
8269 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8270 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8271 **
8272 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
8273 ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
8274 ** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
8275 ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
8276 ** triggers; and so forth.
8277 **
8278 ** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
8279 */
8280 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
8281 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
8282   sqlite3 *db,
8283   void(*xPreUpdate)(
8284     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
8285     sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
8286     int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
8287     char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
8288     char const *zName,            /* Table name */
8289     sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
8290     sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
8291   ),
8292   void*
8293 );
8294 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8295 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
8296 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
8297 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8298 #endif
8299 
8300 /*
8301 ** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
8302 **
8303 ** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
8304 ** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
8305 ** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
8306 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
8307 ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
8308 ** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
8309 */
8310 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
8311 
8312 /*
8313 ** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
8314 ** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
8315 ** EXPERIMENTAL
8316 **
8317 ** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
8318 ** database for some specific point in history.
8319 **
8320 ** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
8321 ** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
8322 ** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
8323 ** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
8324 ** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
8325 ** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
8326 ** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
8327 **
8328 ** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
8329 ** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
8330 ** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
8331 ** the most recent version.
8332 **
8333 ** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()].  The
8334 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer
8335 ** to an historical snapshot (if possible).  The destructor for
8336 ** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()].
8337 */
8338 typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
8339   unsigned char hidden[48];
8340 } sqlite3_snapshot;
8341 
8342 /*
8343 ** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
8344 ** EXPERIMENTAL
8345 **
8346 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
8347 ** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
8348 ** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
8349 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
8350 ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
8351 ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
8352 ** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
8353 **
8354 ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
8355 ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
8356 ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
8357 ** in this case.
8358 **
8359 ** <ul>
8360 **   <li> The database handle must be in [autocommit mode].
8361 **
8362 **   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
8363 **
8364 **   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
8365 **        connection D.
8366 **
8367 **   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
8368 **        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
8369 **        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
8370 **        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
8371 **        must be written to it first.
8372 ** </ul>
8373 **
8374 ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
8375 ** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
8376 ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
8377 **
8378 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
8379 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
8380 ** to avoid a memory leak.
8381 **
8382 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
8383 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8384 */
8385 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
8386   sqlite3 *db,
8387   const char *zSchema,
8388   sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
8389 );
8390 
8391 /*
8392 ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
8393 ** EXPERIMENTAL
8394 **
8395 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface starts a
8396 ** read transaction for schema S of
8397 ** [database connection] D such that the read transaction
8398 ** refers to historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most
8399 ** recent change to the database.
8400 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success
8401 ** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
8402 **
8403 ** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be
8404 ** the first operation following the [BEGIN] that takes the schema S
8405 ** out of [autocommit mode].
8406 ** ^In other words, schema S must not currently be in
8407 ** a transaction for [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] to work, but the
8408 ** database connection D must be out of [autocommit mode].
8409 ** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a
8410 ** [checkpoint].
8411 ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
8412 ** database connection D does not know that the database file for
8413 ** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
8414 ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
8415 ** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
8416 ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
8417 ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
8418 ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
8419 **
8420 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
8421 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8422 */
8423 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
8424   sqlite3 *db,
8425   const char *zSchema,
8426   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
8427 );
8428 
8429 /*
8430 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
8431 ** EXPERIMENTAL
8432 **
8433 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
8434 ** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
8435 ** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
8436 **
8437 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
8438 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8439 */
8440 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
8441 
8442 /*
8443 ** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
8444 ** EXPERIMENTAL
8445 **
8446 ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
8447 ** of two valid snapshot handles.
8448 **
8449 ** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
8450 ** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
8451 **
8452 ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
8453 ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
8454 ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
8455 ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
8456 ** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
8457 ** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
8458 ** is undefined.
8459 **
8460 ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
8461 ** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
8462 ** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
8463 */
8464 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
8465   sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
8466   sqlite3_snapshot *p2
8467 );
8468 
8469 /*
8470 ** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
8471 ** EXPERIMENTAL
8472 **
8473 ** If all connections disconnect from a database file but do not perform
8474 ** a checkpoint, the existing wal file is opened along with the database
8475 ** file the next time the database is opened. At this point it is only
8476 ** possible to successfully call sqlite3_snapshot_open() to open the most
8477 ** recent snapshot of the database (the one at the head of the wal file),
8478 ** even though the wal file may contain other valid snapshots for which
8479 ** clients have sqlite3_snapshot handles.
8480 **
8481 ** This function attempts to scan the wal file associated with database zDb
8482 ** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
8483 ** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
8484 ** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a wal mode
8485 ** database.
8486 **
8487 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
8488 */
8489 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8490 
8491 /*
8492 ** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
8493 ** builds on processors without floating point support.
8494 */
8495 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
8496 # undef double
8497 #endif
8498 
8499 #ifdef __cplusplus
8500 }  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
8501 #endif
8502 #endif /* SQLITE3_H */
8503 
8504 /******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
8505 /*
8506 ** 2010 August 30
8507 **
8508 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
8509 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
8510 **
8511 **    May you do good and not evil.
8512 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
8513 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
8514 **
8515 *************************************************************************
8516 */
8517 
8518 #ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
8519 #define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
8520 
8521 
8522 #ifdef __cplusplus
8523 extern "C" {
8524 #endif
8525 
8526 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
8527 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
8528 
8529 /* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
8530 ** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
8531 */
8532 #ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
8533   typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
8534 #else
8535   typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
8536 #endif
8537 
8538 /*
8539 ** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
8540 ** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
8541 **
8542 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
8543 */
8544 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
8545   sqlite3 *db,
8546   const char *zGeom,
8547   int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
8548   void *pContext
8549 );
8550 
8551 
8552 /*
8553 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
8554 ** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
8555 */
8556 struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
8557   void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
8558   int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
8559   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
8560   void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
8561   void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
8562 };
8563 
8564 /*
8565 ** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
8566 ** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
8567 **
8568 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
8569 */
8570 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
8571   sqlite3 *db,
8572   const char *zQueryFunc,
8573   int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
8574   void *pContext,
8575   void (*xDestructor)(void*)
8576 );
8577 
8578 
8579 /*
8580 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
8581 ** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
8582 ** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
8583 **
8584 ** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
8585 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
8586 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
8587 */
8588 struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
8589   void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
8590   int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
8591   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
8592   void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
8593   void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
8594   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
8595   unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
8596   int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
8597   int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
8598   int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
8599   sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
8600   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
8601   int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
8602   int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visiblity */
8603   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
8604   /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
8605   sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
8606 };
8607 
8608 /*
8609 ** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
8610 */
8611 #define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
8612 #define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
8613 #define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
8614 
8615 
8616 #ifdef __cplusplus
8617 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
8618 #endif
8619 
8620 #endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
8621 
8622 /******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
8623 /******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
8624 
8625 #if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
8626 #define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
8627 
8628 /*
8629 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
8630 */
8631 #ifdef __cplusplus
8632 extern "C" {
8633 #endif
8634 
8635 
8636 /*
8637 ** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
8638 */
8639 typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
8640 
8641 /*
8642 ** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
8643 */
8644 typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
8645 
8646 /*
8647 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
8648 **
8649 ** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
8650 ** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
8651 ** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
8652 ** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
8653 **
8654 ** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
8655 ** database handle.
8656 **
8657 ** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
8658 ** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
8659 ** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
8660 ** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
8661 ** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
8662 ** are undefined.
8663 **
8664 ** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
8665 ** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
8666 ** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
8667 ** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
8668 ** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
8669 ** either of these things are undefined.
8670 **
8671 ** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
8672 ** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
8673 ** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
8674 ** to the database when the session object is created.
8675 */
8676 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
8677   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
8678   const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
8679   sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
8680 );
8681 
8682 /*
8683 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
8684 **
8685 ** Delete a session object previously allocated using
8686 ** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
8687 ** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
8688 ** function are undefined.
8689 **
8690 ** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
8691 ** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
8692 ** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
8693 */
8694 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
8695 
8696 
8697 /*
8698 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
8699 **
8700 ** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
8701 ** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
8702 ** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
8703 ** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
8704 ** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
8705 ** the eventual changesets.
8706 **
8707 ** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
8708 ** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
8709 ** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
8710 **
8711 ** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
8712 ** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
8713 */
8714 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
8715 
8716 /*
8717 ** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
8718 **
8719 ** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
8720 ** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
8721 **
8722 ** <ul>
8723 **   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
8724 **        made, or
8725 **   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
8726 **        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
8727 ** </ul>
8728 **
8729 ** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
8730 ** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
8731 ** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
8732 **
8733 ** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
8734 ** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
8735 ** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
8736 ** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
8737 ** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
8738 ** indirect flag for the specified session object.
8739 **
8740 ** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
8741 ** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
8742 */
8743 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
8744 
8745 /*
8746 ** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
8747 **
8748 ** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
8749 ** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
8750 ** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
8751 ** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
8752 **
8753 ** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
8754 ** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
8755 ** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
8756 ** the new tables are also recorded.
8757 **
8758 ** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
8759 ** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
8760 ** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
8761 ** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
8762 **
8763 ** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
8764 ** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
8765 ** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
8766 **
8767 ** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
8768 ** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
8769 **
8770 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
8771 ** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
8772 */
8773 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
8774   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8775   const char *zTab                /* Table name */
8776 );
8777 
8778 /*
8779 ** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
8780 **
8781 ** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
8782 ** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
8783 ** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
8784 ** If xFilter returns 0, changes is not tracked. Note that once a table is
8785 ** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
8786 */
8787 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
8788   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8789   int(*xFilter)(
8790     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
8791     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
8792   ),
8793   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
8794 );
8795 
8796 /*
8797 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
8798 **
8799 ** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
8800 ** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
8801 ** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
8802 ** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
8803 ** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
8804 ** zero and return an SQLite error code.
8805 **
8806 ** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
8807 ** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
8808 ** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
8809 ** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
8810 ** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
8811 ** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
8812 ** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
8813 ** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
8814 ** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
8815 **
8816 ** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
8817 ** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
8818 ** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
8819 ** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
8820 ** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
8821 ** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
8822 ** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
8823 ** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
8824 ** DELETE change only.
8825 **
8826 ** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
8827 ** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
8828 ** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
8829 ** API.
8830 **
8831 ** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
8832 ** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
8833 ** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
8834 ** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
8835 ** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
8836 ** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
8837 ** a single table are stored is undefined.
8838 **
8839 ** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
8840 ** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
8841 ** [sqlite3_free()].
8842 **
8843 ** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
8844 **
8845 ** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
8846 ** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
8847 ** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
8848 ** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
8849 ** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
8850 ** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
8851 **
8852 ** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
8853 ** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
8854 ** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
8855 **
8856 ** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
8857 ** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
8858 ** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
8859 ** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
8860 ** or updates a record).
8861 **
8862 ** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
8863 ** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
8864 ** file. Specifically:
8865 **
8866 ** <ul>
8867 **   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
8868 **        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
8869 **        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
8870 **        is added to the changeset.
8871 **
8872 **   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
8873 **        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
8874 **        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
8875 **        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
8876 **        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
8877 **        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
8878 **        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
8879 **        values, no change is added to the changeset.
8880 ** </ul>
8881 **
8882 ** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
8883 ** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
8884 ** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
8885 ** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
8886 ** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
8887 ** a DELETE and an INSERT.
8888 **
8889 ** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
8890 ** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
8891 ** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
8892 ** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
8893 ** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
8894 ** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
8895 ** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
8896 ** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is disabled, and
8897 ** another field of the same row is updated while the session is enabled, the
8898 ** resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both fields.
8899 */
8900 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
8901   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8902   int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
8903   void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
8904 );
8905 
8906 /*
8907 ** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
8908 **
8909 ** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
8910 ** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
8911 ** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
8912 ** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
8913 ** an error).
8914 **
8915 ** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
8916 ** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
8917 ** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
8918 ** A table is considered compatible if it:
8919 **
8920 ** <ul>
8921 **   <li> Has the same name,
8922 **   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
8923 **   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
8924 ** </ul>
8925 **
8926 ** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
8927 ** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
8928 ** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
8929 ** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
8930 **
8931 ** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
8932 ** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
8933 ** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
8934 ** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
8935 **
8936 ** <ul>
8937 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
8938 **     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
8939 **
8940 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
8941 **     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
8942 **
8943 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
8944 **     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
8945 **     session.
8946 ** </ul>
8947 **
8948 ** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
8949 ** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
8950 ** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
8951 ** identical.
8952 **
8953 ** It an error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the
8954 ** required compatible table.
8955 **
8956 ** If the operation successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
8957 ** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
8958 ** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
8959 ** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
8960 ** sqlite3_free().
8961 */
8962 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
8963   sqlite3_session *pSession,
8964   const char *zFromDb,
8965   const char *zTbl,
8966   char **pzErrMsg
8967 );
8968 
8969 
8970 /*
8971 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
8972 **
8973 ** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
8974 **
8975 ** <ul>
8976 **   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
8977 **        original values of other fields are omitted.
8978 **   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
8979 **        UPDATE records.
8980 ** </ul>
8981 **
8982 ** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
8983 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
8984 ** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
8985 ** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
8986 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
8987 **
8988 ** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
8989 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
8990 ** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
8991 ** in the same way as for changesets.
8992 **
8993 ** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
8994 ** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
8995 ** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
8996 ** they were attached to the session object).
8997 */
8998 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
8999   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
9000   int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
9001   void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
9002 );
9003 
9004 /*
9005 ** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
9006 **
9007 ** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
9008 ** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
9009 ** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
9010 **
9011 ** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
9012 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
9013 ** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
9014 ** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
9015 ** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
9016 ** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
9017 ** changeset containing zero changes.
9018 */
9019 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
9020 
9021 /*
9022 ** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
9023 **
9024 ** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
9025 ** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
9026 ** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
9027 ** SQLite error code is returned.
9028 **
9029 ** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
9030 ** iterator created by this function:
9031 **
9032 ** <ul>
9033 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
9034 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
9035 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
9036 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
9037 ** </ul>
9038 **
9039 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
9040 ** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
9041 ** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
9042 ** destroyed.
9043 **
9044 ** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
9045 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
9046 ** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
9047 ** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
9048 ** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
9049 ** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
9050 ** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
9051 ** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
9052 ** another change for table X.
9053 */
9054 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
9055   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
9056   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
9057   void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
9058 );
9059 
9060 
9061 /*
9062 ** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
9063 **
9064 ** This function may only be used with iterators created by function
9065 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
9066 ** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
9067 ** is returned and the call has no effect.
9068 **
9069 ** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
9070 ** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
9071 ** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
9072 ** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
9073 ** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
9074 ** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
9075 ** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
9076 ** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
9077 ** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
9078 **
9079 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
9080 ** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
9081 ** SQLITE_NOMEM.
9082 */
9083 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
9084 
9085 /*
9086 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
9087 **
9088 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9089 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9090 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9091 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
9092 ** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
9093 **
9094 ** If argument pzTab is not NULL, then *pzTab is set to point to a
9095 ** nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing the name of the table
9096 ** affected by the current change. The buffer remains valid until either
9097 ** sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator or until the
9098 ** conflict-handler function returns. If pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is
9099 ** set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change. If
9100 ** pbIncorrect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
9101 ** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
9102 ** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
9103 ** changes. Finally, if pOp is not NULL, then *pOp is set to one of
9104 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the
9105 ** type of change that the iterator currently points to.
9106 **
9107 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
9108 ** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
9109 ** be trusted in this case.
9110 */
9111 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
9112   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
9113   const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
9114   int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
9115   int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
9116   int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
9117 );
9118 
9119 /*
9120 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
9121 **
9122 ** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
9123 **
9124 ** <ul>
9125 **   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
9126 **   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
9127 ** </ul>
9128 **
9129 ** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
9130 ** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
9131 ** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
9132 ** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
9133 ** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
9134 ** 0x00 if it is not.
9135 **
9136 ** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
9137 ** in the table.
9138 **
9139 ** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
9140 ** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
9141 ** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
9142 ** above.
9143 */
9144 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
9145   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
9146   unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
9147   int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
9148 );
9149 
9150 /*
9151 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
9152 **
9153 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9154 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9155 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9156 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
9157 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
9158 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
9159 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
9160 **
9161 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9162 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9163 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9164 **
9165 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9166 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
9167 ** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
9168 ** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
9169 ** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
9170 **
9171 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9172 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9173 */
9174 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
9175   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9176   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9177   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
9178 );
9179 
9180 /*
9181 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
9182 **
9183 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9184 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9185 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9186 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
9187 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
9188 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
9189 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
9190 **
9191 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9192 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9193 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9194 **
9195 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9196 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
9197 ** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
9198 ** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
9199 ** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
9200 ** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
9201 ** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
9202 ** triggers.
9203 **
9204 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9205 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9206 */
9207 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
9208   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9209   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9210   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
9211 );
9212 
9213 /*
9214 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
9215 **
9216 ** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
9217 ** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
9218 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
9219 ** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
9220 ** is set to NULL.
9221 **
9222 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9223 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9224 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9225 **
9226 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9227 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
9228 ** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
9229 ** and returns SQLITE_OK.
9230 **
9231 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9232 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9233 */
9234 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
9235   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9236   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9237   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
9238 );
9239 
9240 /*
9241 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
9242 **
9243 ** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
9244 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
9245 ** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
9246 ** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
9247 **
9248 ** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
9249 */
9250 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
9251   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9252   int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
9253 );
9254 
9255 
9256 /*
9257 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
9258 **
9259 ** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
9260 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
9261 **
9262 ** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
9263 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
9264 ** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
9265 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
9266 ** call has no effect.
9267 **
9268 ** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
9269 ** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
9270 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
9271 ** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
9272 ** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
9273 **
9274 **   sqlite3changeset_start();
9275 **   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
9276 **     // Do something with change.
9277 **   }
9278 **   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
9279 **   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
9280 **     // An error has occurred
9281 **   }
9282 */
9283 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
9284 
9285 /*
9286 ** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
9287 **
9288 ** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
9289 ** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
9290 ** changeset. Specifically:
9291 **
9292 ** <ul>
9293 **   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
9294 **   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
9295 **   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
9296 ** </ul>
9297 **
9298 ** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
9299 ** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
9300 **
9301 ** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
9302 ** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
9303 ** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
9304 ** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
9305 **
9306 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
9307 ** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
9308 ** call to this function.
9309 **
9310 ** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
9311 ** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
9312 */
9313 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
9314   int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
9315   int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
9316 );
9317 
9318 /*
9319 ** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
9320 **
9321 ** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
9322 ** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
9323 ** changeset A followed by changeset B.
9324 **
9325 ** This function combines the two input changesets using an
9326 ** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
9327 ** following code fragment:
9328 **
9329 **   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
9330 **   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
9331 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
9332 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
9333 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
9334 **     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
9335 **   }else{
9336 **     *ppOut = 0;
9337 **     *pnOut = 0;
9338 **   }
9339 **
9340 ** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
9341 */
9342 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
9343   int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
9344   void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
9345   int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
9346   void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
9347   int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
9348   void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
9349 );
9350 
9351 
9352 /*
9353 ** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
9354 */
9355 typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
9356 
9357 /*
9358 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
9359 **
9360 ** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
9361 ** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
9362 ** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
9363 ** always in the same format as the input.
9364 **
9365 ** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
9366 ** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
9367 ** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
9368 ** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
9369 ** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
9370 **
9371 ** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
9372 **
9373 ** <ul>
9374 **   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
9375 **
9376 **   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
9377 **        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
9378 **
9379 **   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
9380 **        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
9381 **
9382 **   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
9383 ** </ul>
9384 **
9385 ** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
9386 ** new() and delete(), and in any order.
9387 **
9388 ** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
9389 ** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
9390 ** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
9391 */
9392 int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
9393 
9394 /*
9395 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
9396 **
9397 ** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
9398 ** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
9399 **
9400 ** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
9401 ** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
9402 ** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
9403 ** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
9404 ** to the changegroup.
9405 **
9406 ** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
9407 ** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
9408 ** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
9409 ** the two rows have the same primary key.
9410 **
9411 ** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
9412 ** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
9413 ** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
9414 ** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
9415 **
9416 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
9417 **   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
9418 **       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
9419 **       <th>Output Change
9420 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
9421 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9422 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9423 **       added to the changegroup.
9424 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
9425 **       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
9426 **       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
9427 **       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
9428 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
9429 **       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
9430 **       not added.
9431 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
9432 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9433 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9434 **       added to the changegroup.
9435 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
9436 **       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
9437 **       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
9438 **       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
9439 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
9440 **       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
9441 **       changegroup.
9442 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
9443 **       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
9444 **       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
9445 **       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
9446 **       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
9447 **       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
9448 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
9449 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9450 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9451 **       added to the changegroup.
9452 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
9453 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9454 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9455 **       added to the changegroup.
9456 ** </table>
9457 **
9458 ** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
9459 ** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
9460 ** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
9461 ** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
9462 ** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
9463 ** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
9464 ** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the
9465 ** final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
9466 **
9467 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9468 */
9469 int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
9470 
9471 /*
9472 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
9473 **
9474 ** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
9475 ** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
9476 ** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
9477 ** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
9478 **
9479 ** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
9480 ** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
9481 ** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
9482 ** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
9483 ** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
9484 ** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
9485 ** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
9486 ** which they are first encountered.
9487 **
9488 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
9489 ** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
9490 ** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
9491 ** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
9492 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
9493 ** call to sqlite3_free().
9494 */
9495 int sqlite3changegroup_output(
9496   sqlite3_changegroup*,
9497   int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
9498   void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
9499 );
9500 
9501 /*
9502 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
9503 */
9504 void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
9505 
9506 /*
9507 ** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
9508 **
9509 ** Apply a changeset to a database. This function attempts to update the
9510 ** "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in the
9511 ** changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
9512 **
9513 ** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to this function is the "filter
9514 ** callback". If it is not NULL, then for each table affected by at least one
9515 ** change in the changeset, the filter callback is invoked with
9516 ** the table name as the second argument, and a copy of the context pointer
9517 ** passed as the sixth argument to this function as the first. If the "filter
9518 ** callback" returns zero, then no attempt is made to apply any changes to
9519 ** the table. Otherwise, if the return value is non-zero or the xFilter
9520 ** argument to this function is NULL, all changes related to the table are
9521 ** attempted.
9522 **
9523 ** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
9524 ** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
9525 ** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
9526 **
9527 ** <ul>
9528 **   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
9529 **        changeset, and
9530 **   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
9531 **        changeset, and
9532 **   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
9533 **        recorded in the changeset.
9534 ** </ul>
9535 **
9536 ** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
9537 ** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
9538 ** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
9539 ** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
9540 **
9541 ** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
9542 ** to modify the table contents according to the UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
9543 ** change. If a change cannot be applied cleanly, the conflict handler
9544 ** function passed as the fifth argument to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be
9545 ** invoked. A description of exactly when the conflict handler is invoked for
9546 ** each type of change is below.
9547 **
9548 ** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
9549 ** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
9550 ** argument are undefined.
9551 **
9552 ** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
9553 ** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
9554 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
9555 ** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
9556 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
9557 ** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
9558 ** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
9559 ** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
9560 ** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
9561 ** the documentation for the three
9562 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
9563 **
9564 ** <dl>
9565 ** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
9566 **   For each DELETE change, this function checks if the target database
9567 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
9568 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
9569 **   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
9570 **   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
9571 **
9572 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
9573 **   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
9574 **   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
9575 **   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
9576 **   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
9577 **   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
9578 **   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
9579 **   are ignored.
9580 **
9581 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
9582 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
9583 **   passed as the second argument.
9584 **
9585 **   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
9586 **   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
9587 **   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
9588 **   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
9589 **   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
9590 **   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9591 **
9592 ** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
9593 **   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
9594 **   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
9595 **   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
9596 **   values.
9597 **
9598 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
9599 **   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
9600 **   function is invoked with the second argument set to
9601 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
9602 **
9603 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
9604 **   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
9605 **   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
9606 **   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
9607 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
9608 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9609 **
9610 ** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
9611 **   For each UPDATE change, this function checks if the target database
9612 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
9613 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
9614 **   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
9615 **   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
9616 **
9617 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
9618 **   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
9619 **   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
9620 **   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
9621 **   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
9622 **   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
9623 **   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
9624 **
9625 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
9626 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
9627 **   passed as the second argument.
9628 **
9629 **   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
9630 **   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
9631 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
9632 **   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
9633 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
9634 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9635 ** </dl>
9636 **
9637 ** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
9638 ** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
9639 ** This can be used to further customize the applications conflict
9640 ** resolution strategy.
9641 **
9642 ** All changes made by this function are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
9643 ** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
9644 ** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
9645 ** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
9646 ** SQLite error code returned.
9647 */
9648 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
9649   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
9650   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
9651   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
9652   int(*xFilter)(
9653     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9654     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
9655   ),
9656   int(*xConflict)(
9657     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9658     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
9659     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
9660   ),
9661   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
9662 );
9663 
9664 /*
9665 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
9666 **
9667 ** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
9668 **
9669 ** <dl>
9670 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
9671 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
9672 **   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
9673 **   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
9674 **   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
9675 **   expected "before" values.
9676 **
9677 **   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
9678 **   primary key.
9679 **
9680 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
9681 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
9682 **   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
9683 **   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
9684 **
9685 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
9686 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
9687 **
9688 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
9689 **   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
9690 **   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
9691 **   in duplicate primary key values.
9692 **
9693 **   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
9694 **   primary key.
9695 **
9696 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
9697 **   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
9698 **   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
9699 **   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
9700 **   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
9701 **   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
9702 **   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
9703 **   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
9704 **
9705 **   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
9706 **   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
9707 **   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
9708 **
9709 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
9710 **   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
9711 **   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
9712 **   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
9713 **
9714 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
9715 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
9716 **
9717 ** </dl>
9718 */
9719 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
9720 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
9721 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
9722 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
9723 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
9724 
9725 /*
9726 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
9727 **
9728 ** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
9729 **
9730 ** <dl>
9731 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
9732 **   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
9733 **   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
9734 **   continues to the next change in the changeset.
9735 **
9736 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
9737 **   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
9738 **   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
9739 **   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
9740 **   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
9741 **
9742 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
9743 **   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
9744 **   on the type of change.
9745 **
9746 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
9747 **   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
9748 **   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
9749 **   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
9750 **
9751 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
9752 **   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
9753 **   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
9754 ** </dl>
9755 */
9756 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
9757 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
9758 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
9759 
9760 /*
9761 ** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
9762 **
9763 ** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
9764 ** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
9765 **
9766 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
9767 **   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
9768 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
9769 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
9770 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
9771 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
9772 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_str<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
9773 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_str<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
9774 ** </table>
9775 **
9776 ** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
9777 ** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
9778 ** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
9779 ** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
9780 ** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
9781 ** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
9782 ** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
9783 **
9784 ** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
9785 ** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
9786 ** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
9787 ** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
9788 **
9789 **  <pre>
9790 **  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
9791 **  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
9792 **  </pre>
9793 **
9794 ** Is replaced by:
9795 **
9796 **  <pre>
9797 **  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9798 **  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
9799 **  </pre>
9800 **
9801 ** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
9802 ** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
9803 ** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
9804 ** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
9805 ** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
9806 ** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
9807 ** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
9808 ** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
9809 ** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
9810 ** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
9811 **
9812 ** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
9813 ** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
9814 ** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
9815 ** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
9816 ** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
9817 **
9818 ** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
9819 ** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
9820 ** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
9821 ** as:
9822 **
9823 **  <pre>
9824 **  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
9825 **  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
9826 **  </pre>
9827 **
9828 ** Is replaced by:
9829 **
9830 **  <pre>
9831 **  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9832 **  &nbsp;     void *pOut
9833 **  </pre>
9834 **
9835 ** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
9836 ** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
9837 ** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
9838 ** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
9839 ** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
9840 ** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
9841 ** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
9842 ** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
9843 ** of the xOutput error code to the application.
9844 **
9845 ** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
9846 ** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
9847 ** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
9848 */
9849 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
9850   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
9851   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
9852   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
9853   int(*xFilter)(
9854     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9855     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
9856   ),
9857   int(*xConflict)(
9858     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9859     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
9860     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
9861   ),
9862   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
9863 );
9864 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
9865   int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9866   void *pInA,
9867   int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9868   void *pInB,
9869   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9870   void *pOut
9871 );
9872 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
9873   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9874   void *pIn,
9875   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9876   void *pOut
9877 );
9878 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
9879   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
9880   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9881   void *pIn
9882 );
9883 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
9884   sqlite3_session *pSession,
9885   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9886   void *pOut
9887 );
9888 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
9889   sqlite3_session *pSession,
9890   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9891   void *pOut
9892 );
9893 int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
9894     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9895     void *pIn
9896 );
9897 int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
9898     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9899     void *pOut
9900 );
9901 
9902 
9903 /*
9904 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
9905 */
9906 #ifdef __cplusplus
9907 }
9908 #endif
9909 
9910 #endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
9911 
9912 /******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
9913 /******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
9914 /*
9915 ** 2014 May 31
9916 **
9917 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
9918 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
9919 **
9920 **    May you do good and not evil.
9921 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9922 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
9923 **
9924 ******************************************************************************
9925 **
9926 ** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
9927 ** FTS5 may be extended with:
9928 **
9929 **     * custom tokenizers, and
9930 **     * custom auxiliary functions.
9931 */
9932 
9933 
9934 #ifndef _FTS5_H
9935 #define _FTS5_H
9936 
9937 
9938 #ifdef __cplusplus
9939 extern "C" {
9940 #endif
9941 
9942 /*************************************************************************
9943 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
9944 **
9945 ** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
9946 ** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
9947 */
9948 
9949 typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
9950 typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
9951 typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
9952 
9953 typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
9954   const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
9955   Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
9956   sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
9957   int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
9958   sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
9959 );
9960 
9961 struct Fts5PhraseIter {
9962   const unsigned char *a;
9963   const unsigned char *b;
9964 };
9965 
9966 /*
9967 ** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
9968 **
9969 ** xUserData(pFts):
9970 **   Return a copy of the context pointer the extension function was
9971 **   registered with.
9972 **
9973 ** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
9974 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
9975 **   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
9976 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
9977 **   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
9978 **   the FTS5 table.
9979 **
9980 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
9981 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
9982 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
9983 **   returned.
9984 **
9985 ** xColumnCount(pFts):
9986 **   Return the number of columns in the table.
9987 **
9988 ** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
9989 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
9990 **   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
9991 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
9992 **   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
9993 **
9994 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
9995 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
9996 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
9997 **   returned.
9998 **
9999 **   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
10000 **   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
10001 **
10002 ** xColumnText:
10003 **   This function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of the
10004 **   current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
10005 **   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
10006 **   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
10007 **   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
10008 **   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
10009 **
10010 ** xPhraseCount:
10011 **   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
10012 **
10013 ** xPhraseSize:
10014 **   Returns the number of tokens in phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases
10015 **   are numbered starting from zero.
10016 **
10017 ** xInstCount:
10018 **   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
10019 **   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
10020 **   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
10021 **
10022 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10023 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
10024 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
10025 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
10026 **
10027 ** xInst:
10028 **   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
10029 **   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
10030 **   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
10031 **   output by xInstCount().
10032 **
10033 **   Usually, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
10034 **   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
10035 **   first token of the phrase. The exception is if the table was created
10036 **   with the offsets=0 option specified. In this case *piOff is always
10037 **   set to -1.
10038 **
10039 **   Returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM)
10040 **   if an error occurs.
10041 **
10042 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10043 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
10044 **
10045 ** xRowid:
10046 **   Returns the rowid of the current row.
10047 **
10048 ** xTokenize:
10049 **   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
10050 **
10051 ** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
10052 **   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
10053 **   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
10054 **
10055 **       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
10056 **
10057 **   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
10058 **   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
10059 **   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
10060 **   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
10061 **   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
10062 **   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
10063 **   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
10064 **   the third argument to pUserData.
10065 **
10066 **   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
10067 **   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
10068 **   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
10069 **   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
10070 **
10071 **   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10072 **   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
10073 **   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
10074 **
10075 **
10076 ** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
10077 **
10078 **   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension functions
10079 **   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
10080 **   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
10081 **   of the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
10082 **
10083 **   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
10084 **   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
10085 **   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
10086 **   single auxiliary data context.
10087 **
10088 **   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
10089 **   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
10090 **   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
10091 **   point.
10092 **
10093 **   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
10094 **   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
10095 **
10096 **   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function, an
10097 **   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
10098 **   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
10099 **   pointer before returning.
10100 **
10101 **
10102 ** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
10103 **
10104 **   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
10105 **   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
10106 **
10107 **   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
10108 **   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
10109 **   if any, is not invoked.
10110 **
10111 **
10112 ** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
10113 **
10114 **   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
10115 **   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
10116 **
10117 **        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
10118 **
10119 ** xPhraseFirst()
10120 **   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
10121 **   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
10122 **   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
10123 **   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
10124 **   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
10125 **   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
10126 **
10127 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
10128 **       int iCol, iOff;
10129 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
10130 **           iCol>=0;
10131 **           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
10132 **       ){
10133 **         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
10134 **       }
10135 **
10136 **   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
10137 **   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
10138 **   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
10139 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
10140 **
10141 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10142 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
10143 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
10144 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
10145 **   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
10146 **
10147 ** xPhraseNext()
10148 **   See xPhraseFirst above.
10149 **
10150 ** xPhraseFirstColumn()
10151 **   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
10152 **   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
10153 **   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
10154 **   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
10155 **   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
10156 **
10157 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
10158 **       int iCol;
10159 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
10160 **           iCol>=0;
10161 **           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
10162 **       ){
10163 **         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
10164 **       }
10165 **
10166 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10167 **   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
10168 **   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
10169 **   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
10170 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
10171 **
10172 **   The information accessed using this API and its companion
10173 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
10174 **   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
10175 **   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
10176 **   "detail=column" tables.
10177 **
10178 ** xPhraseNextColumn()
10179 **   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
10180 */
10181 struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
10182   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
10183 
10184   void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
10185 
10186   int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
10187   int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
10188   int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
10189 
10190   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
10191     const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
10192     void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
10193     int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
10194   );
10195 
10196   int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
10197   int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
10198 
10199   int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
10200   int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
10201 
10202   sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
10203   int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
10204   int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
10205 
10206   int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
10207     int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
10208   );
10209   int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
10210   void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
10211 
10212   int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
10213   void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
10214 
10215   int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
10216   void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
10217 };
10218 
10219 /*
10220 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
10221 *************************************************************************/
10222 
10223 /*************************************************************************
10224 ** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
10225 **
10226 ** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
10227 ** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
10228 ** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
10229 ** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
10230 ** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
10231 **
10232 ** xCreate:
10233 **   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
10234 **   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
10235 **
10236 **   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
10237 **   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer object
10238 **   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
10239 **   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
10240 **   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
10241 **   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
10242 **   to create the FTS5 table.
10243 **
10244 **   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
10245 **   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
10246 **   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
10247 **   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
10248 **   is undefined.
10249 **
10250 ** xDelete:
10251 **   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
10252 **   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
10253 **   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
10254 **
10255 ** xTokenize:
10256 **   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
10257 **   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
10258 **   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
10259 **   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
10260 **
10261 **   The second argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
10262 **   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
10263 **   four values:
10264 **
10265 **   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
10266 **            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
10267 **            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
10268 **            FTS index.
10269 **
10270 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
10271 **            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
10272 **            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
10273 **
10274 **       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
10275 **            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
10276 **            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
10277 **            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
10278 **
10279 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
10280 **            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
10281 **            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
10282 **            on a columnsize=0 database.
10283 **   </ul>
10284 **
10285 **   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
10286 **   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
10287 **   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
10288 **   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
10289 **   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
10290 **   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
10291 **   which the token is derived within the input.
10292 **
10293 **   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
10294 **   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
10295 **   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
10296 **
10297 **   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
10298 **   order that they occur within the input text.
10299 **
10300 **   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
10301 **   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
10302 **   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
10303 **   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
10304 **   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
10305 **   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
10306 **   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
10307 **
10308 ** SYNONYM SUPPORT
10309 **
10310 **   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
10311 **   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
10312 **   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
10313 **   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
10314 **   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
10315 **   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
10316 **   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
10317 **
10318 **   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
10319 **
10320 **   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, the
10321 **            In the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
10322 **            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
10323 **            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
10324 **            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
10325 **            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
10326 **            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
10327 **            as expected.
10328 **
10329 **       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
10330 **            In this case, when tokenizing query text, the tokenizer may
10331 **            provide multiple synonyms for a single term within the document.
10332 **            FTS5 then queries the index for each synonym individually. For
10333 **            example, faced with the query:
10334 **
10335 **   <codeblock>
10336 **     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
10337 **
10338 **            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
10339 **            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
10340 **            similar to:
10341 **
10342 **   <codeblock>
10343 **     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
10344 **
10345 **            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
10346 **            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
10347 **            being treated as a single phrase.
10348 **
10349 **       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
10350 **            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
10351 **            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
10352 **            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
10353 **            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
10354 **            "place".
10355 **
10356 **            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
10357 **            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do would be
10358 **            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
10359 **            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entires in the
10360 **            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
10361 **   </ol>
10362 **
10363 **   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
10364 **   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
10365 **   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
10366 **   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
10367 **   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
10368 **
10369 **   <codeblock>
10370 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
10371 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
10372 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
10373 **       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
10374 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
10375 **</codeblock>
10376 **
10377 **   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
10378 **   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
10379 **   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
10380 **   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
10381 **   single token.
10382 **
10383 **   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
10384 **   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
10385 **   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
10386 **   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
10387 **   token "first" is subsituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
10388 **
10389 **   <codeblock>
10390 **     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
10391 **
10392 **   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
10393 **   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
10394 **
10395 **   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
10396 **   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
10397 **   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
10398 **   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
10399 **   within the database.
10400 **
10401 **   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
10402 **   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
10403 **   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
10404 **   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
10405 **   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
10406 **   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
10407 **   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
10408 **   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
10409 **
10410 **   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
10411 **   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
10412 **   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
10413 **   inefficient.
10414 */
10415 typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
10416 typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
10417 struct fts5_tokenizer {
10418   int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
10419   void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
10420   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
10421       void *pCtx,
10422       int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
10423       const char *pText, int nText,
10424       int (*xToken)(
10425         void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
10426         int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
10427         const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
10428         int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
10429         int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
10430         int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
10431       )
10432   );
10433 };
10434 
10435 /* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
10436 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
10437 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
10438 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
10439 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
10440 
10441 /* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
10442 ** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
10443 #define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
10444 
10445 /*
10446 ** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
10447 *************************************************************************/
10448 
10449 /*************************************************************************
10450 ** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
10451 */
10452 typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
10453 struct fts5_api {
10454   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
10455 
10456   /* Create a new tokenizer */
10457   int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
10458     fts5_api *pApi,
10459     const char *zName,
10460     void *pContext,
10461     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
10462     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
10463   );
10464 
10465   /* Find an existing tokenizer */
10466   int (*xFindTokenizer)(
10467     fts5_api *pApi,
10468     const char *zName,
10469     void **ppContext,
10470     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
10471   );
10472 
10473   /* Create a new auxiliary function */
10474   int (*xCreateFunction)(
10475     fts5_api *pApi,
10476     const char *zName,
10477     void *pContext,
10478     fts5_extension_function xFunction,
10479     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
10480   );
10481 };
10482 
10483 /*
10484 ** END OF REGISTRATION API
10485 *************************************************************************/
10486 
10487 #ifdef __cplusplus
10488 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
10489 #endif
10490 
10491 #endif /* _FTS5_H */
10492 
10493 /******** End of fts5.h *********/
10494