1 /*
2 * badblocks.c - Bad blocks checker
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Remy Card <card@masi.ibp.fr>
5 * Laboratoire MASI, Institut Blaise Pascal
6 * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
7 *
8 * Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 by Theodore Ts'o
9 * Copyright 1999 by David Beattie
10 *
11 * This file is based on the minix file system programs fsck and mkfs
12 * written and copyrighted by Linus Torvalds <Linus.Torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
13 *
14 * %Begin-Header%
15 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
16 * License.
17 * %End-Header%
18 */
19
20 /*
21 * History:
22 * 93/05/26 - Creation from e2fsck
23 * 94/02/27 - Made a separate bad blocks checker
24 * 99/06/30...99/07/26 - Added non-destructive write-testing,
25 * configurable blocks-at-once parameter,
26 * loading of badblocks list to avoid testing
27 * blocks known to be bad, multiple passes to
28 * make sure that no new blocks are added to the
29 * list. (Work done by David Beattie)
30 */
31
32 #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
33 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for O_DIRECT */
34 #endif
35
36 #include "config.h"
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <fcntl.h>
39 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
40 #include <getopt.h>
41 #else
42 extern char *optarg;
43 extern int optind;
44 #endif
45 #include <signal.h>
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <unistd.h>
50 #include <setjmp.h>
51 #include <time.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53
54 #include <sys/time.h>
55 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
56 #include <sys/types.h>
57
58 #include "et/com_err.h"
59 #include "ext2fs/ext2_io.h"
60 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
61 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
62 #include "support/nls-enable.h"
63
64 #ifndef O_LARGEFILE
65 #define O_LARGEFILE 0
66 #endif
67
68 /* Maximum number of bad blocks we support */
69 #define MAX_BAD_BLOCKS (INT_MAX/2)
70
71 static const char * program_name = "badblocks";
72 static const char * done_string = N_("done \n");
73
74 static int v_flag; /* verbose */
75 static int w_flag; /* do r/w test: 0=no, 1=yes,
76 * 2=non-destructive */
77 static int s_flag; /* show progress of test */
78 static int force; /* force check of mounted device */
79 static int t_flag; /* number of test patterns */
80 static int t_max; /* allocated test patterns */
81 static unsigned int *t_patts; /* test patterns */
82 static int use_buffered_io;
83 static int exclusive_ok;
84 static unsigned int max_bb = MAX_BAD_BLOCKS; /* Abort test if more than this
85 * number of bad blocks has been
86 * encountered */
87 static unsigned int d_flag; /* delay factor between reads */
88 static struct timeval time_start;
89
90 #define T_INC 32
91
92 static unsigned int sys_page_size = 4096;
93
usage(void)94 static void usage(void)
95 {
96 fprintf(stderr, _(
97 "Usage: %s [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnf]\n"
98 " [-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]\n"
99 " [-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]\n"
100 " device [last_block [first_block]]\n"),
101 program_name);
102 exit (1);
103 }
104
exclusive_usage(void)105 static void exclusive_usage(void)
106 {
107 fprintf(stderr,
108 _("%s: The -n and -w options are mutually exclusive.\n\n"),
109 program_name);
110 exit(1);
111 }
112
113 static blk_t currently_testing = 0;
114 static blk_t num_blocks = 0;
115 static blk_t num_read_errors = 0;
116 static blk_t num_write_errors = 0;
117 static blk_t num_corruption_errors = 0;
118 static ext2_badblocks_list bb_list = NULL;
119 static FILE *out;
120 static blk_t next_bad = 0;
121 static ext2_badblocks_iterate bb_iter = NULL;
122
123 enum error_types { READ_ERROR, WRITE_ERROR, CORRUPTION_ERROR };
124
allocate_buffer(size_t size)125 static void *allocate_buffer(size_t size)
126 {
127 void *ret = 0;
128
129 #ifdef HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN
130 if (posix_memalign(&ret, sys_page_size, size) < 0)
131 ret = 0;
132 #else
133 #ifdef HAVE_MEMALIGN
134 ret = memalign(sys_page_size, size);
135 #else
136 #ifdef HAVE_VALLOC
137 ret = valloc(size);
138 #endif /* HAVE_VALLOC */
139 #endif /* HAVE_MEMALIGN */
140 #endif /* HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN */
141
142 if (!ret)
143 ret = malloc(size);
144
145 return ret;
146 }
147
148 /*
149 * This routine reports a new bad block. If the bad block has already
150 * been seen before, then it returns 0; otherwise it returns 1.
151 */
bb_output(blk_t bad,enum error_types error_type)152 static int bb_output (blk_t bad, enum error_types error_type)
153 {
154 errcode_t errcode;
155
156 if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, bad))
157 return 0;
158
159 fprintf(out, "%lu\n", (unsigned long) bad);
160 fflush(out);
161
162 errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add (bb_list, bad);
163 if (errcode) {
164 com_err (program_name, errcode, "adding to in-memory bad block list");
165 exit (1);
166 }
167
168 /* kludge:
169 increment the iteration through the bb_list if
170 an element was just added before the current iteration
171 position. This should not cause next_bad to change. */
172 if (bb_iter && bad < next_bad)
173 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
174
175 if (error_type == READ_ERROR) {
176 num_read_errors++;
177 } else if (error_type == WRITE_ERROR) {
178 num_write_errors++;
179 } else if (error_type == CORRUPTION_ERROR) {
180 num_corruption_errors++;
181 }
182 return 1;
183 }
184
time_diff_format(struct timeval * tv1,struct timeval * tv2,char * buf)185 static char *time_diff_format(struct timeval *tv1,
186 struct timeval *tv2, char *buf)
187 {
188 time_t diff = (tv1->tv_sec - tv2->tv_sec);
189 int hr,min,sec;
190
191 sec = diff % 60;
192 diff /= 60;
193 min = diff % 60;
194 hr = diff / 60;
195
196 if (hr)
197 sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d:%02d", hr, min, sec);
198 else
199 sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d", min, sec);
200 return buf;
201 }
202
calc_percent(unsigned long current,unsigned long total)203 static float calc_percent(unsigned long current, unsigned long total) {
204 float percent = 0.0;
205 if (total <= 0)
206 return percent;
207 if (current >= total) {
208 percent = 100.0;
209 } else {
210 percent=(100.0*(float)current/(float)total);
211 }
212 return percent;
213 }
214
print_status(void)215 static void print_status(void)
216 {
217 struct timeval time_end;
218 char diff_buf[32], line_buf[128];
219 int len;
220
221 gettimeofday(&time_end, 0);
222 len = snprintf(line_buf, sizeof(line_buf),
223 _("%6.2f%% done, %s elapsed. "
224 "(%d/%d/%d errors)"),
225 calc_percent((unsigned long) currently_testing,
226 (unsigned long) num_blocks),
227 time_diff_format(&time_end, &time_start, diff_buf),
228 num_read_errors,
229 num_write_errors,
230 num_corruption_errors);
231 #ifdef HAVE_MBSTOWCS
232 len = mbstowcs(NULL, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
233 #endif
234 fputs(line_buf, stderr);
235 memset(line_buf, '\b', len);
236 line_buf[len] = 0;
237 fputs(line_buf, stderr);
238 fflush (stderr);
239 }
240
alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR ((unused)))241 static void alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
242 {
243 signal (SIGALRM, alarm_intr);
244 alarm(1);
245 if (!num_blocks)
246 return;
247 print_status();
248 }
249
250 static void *terminate_addr = NULL;
251
terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR ((unused)))252 static void terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
253 {
254 fflush(out);
255 fprintf(stderr, "\n\nInterrupted at block %llu\n",
256 (unsigned long long) currently_testing);
257 fflush(stderr);
258 if (terminate_addr)
259 longjmp(terminate_addr,1);
260 exit(1);
261 }
262
capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)263 static void capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)
264 {
265 terminate_addr = term_addr;
266 signal (SIGHUP, terminate_intr);
267 signal (SIGINT, terminate_intr);
268 signal (SIGPIPE, terminate_intr);
269 signal (SIGTERM, terminate_intr);
270 signal (SIGUSR1, terminate_intr);
271 signal (SIGUSR2, terminate_intr);
272 }
273
uncapture_terminate(void)274 static void uncapture_terminate(void)
275 {
276 terminate_addr = NULL;
277 signal (SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
278 signal (SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
279 signal (SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
280 signal (SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
281 signal (SIGUSR1, SIG_DFL);
282 signal (SIGUSR2, SIG_DFL);
283 }
284
285 /* Linux requires that O_DIRECT I/Os be 512-byte sector aligned */
286
287 #define O_DIRECT_SIZE 512
288
set_o_direct(int dev,unsigned char * buffer,size_t size,ext2_loff_t offset)289 static void set_o_direct(int dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size,
290 ext2_loff_t offset)
291 {
292 #ifdef O_DIRECT
293 static int current_O_DIRECT; /* Current status of O_DIRECT flag */
294 int new_flag = O_DIRECT;
295 int flag;
296
297 if ((use_buffered_io != 0) ||
298 (((unsigned long) buffer & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
299 ((size & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
300 ((offset & (O_DIRECT_SIZE - 1)) != 0))
301 new_flag = 0;
302
303 if (new_flag != current_O_DIRECT) {
304 /* printf("%s O_DIRECT\n", new_flag ? "Setting" : "Clearing"); */
305 flag = fcntl(dev, F_GETFL);
306 if (flag > 0) {
307 flag = (flag & ~O_DIRECT) | new_flag;
308 if (fcntl(dev, F_SETFL, flag) < 0)
309 perror("set_o_direct");
310 }
311 current_O_DIRECT = new_flag;
312 }
313 #endif
314 }
315
316
pattern_fill(unsigned char * buffer,unsigned int pattern,size_t n)317 static void pattern_fill(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int pattern,
318 size_t n)
319 {
320 unsigned int i, nb;
321 unsigned char bpattern[sizeof(pattern)], *ptr;
322
323 if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0) {
324 for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
325 (*ptr) = random() % (1 << (8 * sizeof(char)));
326 }
327 if (s_flag | v_flag)
328 fputs(_("Testing with random pattern: "), stderr);
329 } else {
330 bpattern[0] = 0;
331 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bpattern); i++) {
332 if (pattern == 0)
333 break;
334 bpattern[i] = pattern & 0xFF;
335 pattern = pattern >> 8;
336 }
337 nb = i ? (i-1) : 0;
338 for (ptr = buffer, i = nb; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
339 *ptr = bpattern[i];
340 if (i == 0)
341 i = nb;
342 else
343 i--;
344 }
345 if (s_flag | v_flag) {
346 fputs(_("Testing with pattern 0x"), stderr);
347 for (i = 0; i <= nb; i++)
348 fprintf(stderr, "%02x", buffer[i]);
349 fputs(": ", stderr);
350 }
351 }
352 }
353
354 /*
355 * Perform a read of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
356 * successfully sequentially read.
357 */
do_read(int dev,unsigned char * buffer,int try,int block_size,blk_t current_block)358 static int do_read (int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
359 blk_t current_block)
360 {
361 long got;
362 struct timeval tv1, tv2;
363 #define NANOSEC (1000000000L)
364 #define MILISEC (1000L)
365
366 #if 0
367 printf("do_read: block %d, try %d\n", current_block, try);
368 #endif
369 set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size,
370 ((ext2_loff_t) current_block) * block_size);
371
372 if (v_flag > 1)
373 print_status();
374
375 /* Seek to the correct loc. */
376 if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
377 SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
378 com_err (program_name, errno, "%s", _("during seek"));
379
380 /* Try the read */
381 if (d_flag)
382 gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
383 got = read (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
384 if (d_flag)
385 gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
386 if (got < 0)
387 got = 0;
388 if (got & 511)
389 fprintf(stderr, _("Weird value (%ld) in do_read\n"), got);
390 got /= block_size;
391 if (d_flag && got == try) {
392 #ifdef HAVE_NANOSLEEP
393 struct timespec ts;
394 ts.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
395 ts.tv_nsec = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) * MILISEC;
396 if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
397 ts.tv_nsec += NANOSEC;
398 ts.tv_sec -= 1;
399 }
400 /* increase/decrease the sleep time based on d_flag value */
401 ts.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
402 ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec * d_flag / 100;
403 if (ts.tv_nsec > NANOSEC) {
404 ts.tv_sec += ts.tv_nsec / NANOSEC;
405 ts.tv_nsec %= NANOSEC;
406 }
407 if (ts.tv_sec || ts.tv_nsec)
408 nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
409 #else
410 #ifdef HAVE_USLEEP
411 struct timeval tv;
412 tv.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
413 tv.tv_usec = tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec;
414 tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
415 tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec * d_flag / 100;
416 if (tv.tv_usec > 1000000) {
417 tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000;
418 tv.tv_usec %= 1000000;
419 }
420 if (tv.tv_sec)
421 sleep(tv.tv_sec);
422 if (tv.tv_usec)
423 usleep(tv.tv_usec);
424 #endif
425 #endif
426 }
427 return got;
428 }
429
430 /*
431 * Perform a write of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
432 * successfully sequentially written.
433 */
do_write(int dev,unsigned char * buffer,int try,int block_size,unsigned long current_block)434 static int do_write(int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
435 unsigned long current_block)
436 {
437 long got;
438
439 #if 0
440 printf("do_write: block %lu, try %d\n", current_block, try);
441 #endif
442 set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size,
443 ((ext2_loff_t) current_block) * block_size);
444
445 if (v_flag > 1)
446 print_status();
447
448 /* Seek to the correct loc. */
449 if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
450 SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
451 com_err (program_name, errno, "%s", _("during seek"));
452
453 /* Try the write */
454 got = write (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
455 if (got < 0)
456 got = 0;
457 if (got & 511)
458 fprintf(stderr, "Weird value (%ld) in do_write\n", got);
459 got /= block_size;
460 return got;
461 }
462
463 static int host_dev;
464
flush_bufs(void)465 static void flush_bufs(void)
466 {
467 errcode_t retval;
468
469 #ifdef O_DIRECT
470 if (!use_buffered_io)
471 return;
472 #endif
473 retval = ext2fs_sync_device(host_dev, 1);
474 if (retval)
475 com_err(program_name, retval, "%s",
476 _("during ext2fs_sync_device"));
477 }
478
test_ro(int dev,blk_t last_block,int block_size,blk_t first_block,unsigned int blocks_at_once)479 static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, blk_t last_block,
480 int block_size, blk_t first_block,
481 unsigned int blocks_at_once)
482 {
483 unsigned char * blkbuf;
484 int try;
485 int got;
486 unsigned int bb_count = 0;
487 errcode_t errcode;
488 blk_t recover_block = ~0;
489
490 /* set up abend handler */
491 capture_terminate(NULL);
492
493 errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
494 if (errcode) {
495 com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
496 _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
497 exit (1);
498 }
499 do {
500 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
501 } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
502
503 if (t_flag) {
504 blkbuf = allocate_buffer((blocks_at_once + 1) * block_size);
505 } else {
506 blkbuf = allocate_buffer(blocks_at_once * block_size);
507 }
508 if (!blkbuf)
509 {
510 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, "%s",
511 _("while allocating buffers"));
512 exit (1);
513 }
514 if (v_flag) {
515 fprintf(stderr, _("Checking blocks %lu to %lu\n"),
516 (unsigned long)first_block,
517 (unsigned long)last_block - 1);
518 }
519 if (t_flag) {
520 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-only mode\n"), stderr);
521 pattern_fill(blkbuf + blocks_at_once * block_size,
522 t_patts[0], block_size);
523 }
524 flush_bufs();
525 try = blocks_at_once;
526 currently_testing = first_block;
527 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
528 if (!t_flag && (s_flag || v_flag))
529 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): "), stderr);
530 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
531 alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
532 while (currently_testing < last_block)
533 {
534 if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
535 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
536 fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
537 }
538 break;
539 }
540 if (next_bad) {
541 if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
542 /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
543 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
544 currently_testing++;
545 continue;
546 }
547 else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
548 try = next_bad - currently_testing;
549 }
550 if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
551 try = last_block - currently_testing;
552 got = do_read (dev, blkbuf, try, block_size, currently_testing);
553 if (t_flag) {
554 /* test the comparison between all the
555 blocks successfully read */
556 int i;
557 for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
558 if (memcmp (blkbuf+i*block_size,
559 blkbuf+blocks_at_once*block_size,
560 block_size))
561 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i, CORRUPTION_ERROR);
562 }
563 if (got == 0 && try == 1)
564 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, READ_ERROR);
565 currently_testing += got;
566 if (got != try) {
567 try = 1;
568 if (recover_block == ~0U)
569 recover_block = currently_testing - got +
570 blocks_at_once;
571 continue;
572 } else if (currently_testing == recover_block) {
573 try = blocks_at_once;
574 recover_block = ~0;
575 }
576 }
577 num_blocks = 0;
578 alarm(0);
579 if (s_flag || v_flag)
580 fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
581
582 fflush (stderr);
583 free (blkbuf);
584
585 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
586
587 uncapture_terminate();
588
589 return bb_count;
590 }
591
test_rw(int dev,blk_t last_block,int block_size,blk_t first_block,unsigned int blocks_at_once)592 static unsigned int test_rw (int dev, blk_t last_block,
593 int block_size, blk_t first_block,
594 unsigned int blocks_at_once)
595 {
596 unsigned char *buffer, *read_buffer;
597 const unsigned int patterns[] = {0xaa, 0x55, 0xff, 0x00};
598 const unsigned int *pattern;
599 int i, try, got, nr_pattern, pat_idx;
600 unsigned int bb_count = 0;
601 blk_t recover_block = ~0;
602
603 /* set up abend handler */
604 capture_terminate(NULL);
605
606 buffer = allocate_buffer(2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
607 read_buffer = buffer + blocks_at_once * block_size;
608
609 if (!buffer) {
610 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, "%s",
611 _("while allocating buffers"));
612 exit (1);
613 }
614
615 flush_bufs();
616
617 if (v_flag) {
618 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-write mode\n"),
619 stderr);
620 fprintf(stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
621 (unsigned long) first_block,
622 (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
623 }
624 if (t_flag) {
625 pattern = t_patts;
626 nr_pattern = t_flag;
627 } else {
628 pattern = patterns;
629 nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
630 }
631 for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
632 pattern_fill(buffer, pattern[pat_idx],
633 blocks_at_once * block_size);
634 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
635 currently_testing = first_block;
636 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
637 alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
638
639 try = blocks_at_once;
640 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
641 if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
642 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
643 fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
644 }
645 break;
646 }
647 if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
648 try = last_block - currently_testing;
649 got = do_write(dev, buffer, try, block_size,
650 currently_testing);
651 if (v_flag > 1)
652 print_status();
653
654 if (got == 0 && try == 1)
655 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, WRITE_ERROR);
656 currently_testing += got;
657 if (got != try) {
658 try = 1;
659 if (recover_block == ~0U)
660 recover_block = currently_testing -
661 got + blocks_at_once;
662 continue;
663 } else if (currently_testing == recover_block) {
664 try = blocks_at_once;
665 recover_block = ~0;
666 }
667 }
668
669 num_blocks = 0;
670 alarm (0);
671 if (s_flag | v_flag)
672 fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
673 flush_bufs();
674 if (s_flag | v_flag)
675 fputs(_("Reading and comparing: "), stderr);
676 num_blocks = last_block;
677 currently_testing = first_block;
678 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
679 alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
680
681 try = blocks_at_once;
682 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
683 if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
684 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
685 fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
686 }
687 break;
688 }
689 if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
690 try = last_block - currently_testing;
691 got = do_read (dev, read_buffer, try, block_size,
692 currently_testing);
693 if (got == 0 && try == 1)
694 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, READ_ERROR);
695 currently_testing += got;
696 if (got != try) {
697 try = 1;
698 if (recover_block == ~0U)
699 recover_block = currently_testing -
700 got + blocks_at_once;
701 continue;
702 } else if (currently_testing == recover_block) {
703 try = blocks_at_once;
704 recover_block = ~0U;
705 }
706 for (i=0; i < got; i++) {
707 if (memcmp(read_buffer + i * block_size,
708 buffer + i * block_size,
709 block_size))
710 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing+i, CORRUPTION_ERROR);
711 }
712 if (v_flag > 1)
713 print_status();
714 }
715
716 num_blocks = 0;
717 alarm (0);
718 if (s_flag | v_flag)
719 fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
720 flush_bufs();
721 }
722 uncapture_terminate();
723 free(buffer);
724 return bb_count;
725 }
726
727 struct saved_blk_record {
728 blk_t block;
729 int num;
730 };
731
test_nd(int dev,blk_t last_block,int block_size,blk_t first_block,unsigned int blocks_at_once)732 static unsigned int test_nd (int dev, blk_t last_block,
733 int block_size, blk_t first_block,
734 unsigned int blocks_at_once)
735 {
736 unsigned char *blkbuf, *save_ptr, *test_ptr, *read_ptr;
737 unsigned char *test_base, *save_base, *read_base;
738 int try, i;
739 const unsigned int patterns[] = { ~0 };
740 const unsigned int *pattern;
741 int nr_pattern, pat_idx;
742 int got, used2, written;
743 blk_t save_currently_testing;
744 struct saved_blk_record *test_record;
745 /* This is static to prevent being clobbered by the longjmp */
746 static int num_saved;
747 jmp_buf terminate_env;
748 errcode_t errcode;
749 unsigned long buf_used;
750 static unsigned int bb_count;
751 unsigned int granularity = blocks_at_once;
752 blk_t recover_block = ~0U;
753
754 bb_count = 0;
755 errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
756 if (errcode) {
757 com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
758 _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
759 exit (1);
760 }
761 do {
762 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
763 } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
764
765 blkbuf = allocate_buffer(3 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
766 test_record = malloc(blocks_at_once * sizeof(struct saved_blk_record));
767 if (!blkbuf || !test_record) {
768 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, "%s",
769 _("while allocating buffers"));
770 exit (1);
771 }
772
773 save_base = blkbuf;
774 test_base = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
775 read_base = blkbuf + (2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
776
777 num_saved = 0;
778
779 flush_bufs();
780 if (v_flag) {
781 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in non-destructive read-write mode\n"), stderr);
782 fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
783 (unsigned long) first_block,
784 (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
785 }
786 if (s_flag || v_flag > 1) {
787 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (non-destructive read-write test)\n"), stderr);
788 }
789 if (setjmp(terminate_env)) {
790 /*
791 * Abnormal termination by a signal is handled here.
792 */
793 signal (SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
794 fputs(_("\nInterrupt caught, cleaning up\n"), stderr);
795
796 save_ptr = save_base;
797 for (i=0; i < num_saved; i++) {
798 do_write(dev, save_ptr, test_record[i].num,
799 block_size, test_record[i].block);
800 save_ptr += test_record[i].num * block_size;
801 }
802 fflush (out);
803 exit(1);
804 }
805
806 /* set up abend handler */
807 capture_terminate(terminate_env);
808
809 if (t_flag) {
810 pattern = t_patts;
811 nr_pattern = t_flag;
812 } else {
813 pattern = patterns;
814 nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
815 }
816 for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
817 pattern_fill(test_base, pattern[pat_idx],
818 blocks_at_once * block_size);
819
820 buf_used = 0;
821 bb_count = 0;
822 save_ptr = save_base;
823 test_ptr = test_base;
824 currently_testing = first_block;
825 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
826 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
827 alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
828
829 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
830 if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
831 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
832 fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
833 }
834 break;
835 }
836 got = try = granularity - buf_used;
837 if (next_bad) {
838 if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
839 /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
840 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
841 currently_testing++;
842 goto check_for_more;
843 }
844 else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
845 try = next_bad - currently_testing;
846 }
847 if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
848 try = last_block - currently_testing;
849 got = do_read (dev, save_ptr, try, block_size,
850 currently_testing);
851 if (got == 0) {
852 if (recover_block == ~0U)
853 recover_block = currently_testing +
854 blocks_at_once;
855 if (granularity != 1) {
856 granularity = 1;
857 continue;
858 }
859 /* First block must have been bad. */
860 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, READ_ERROR);
861 goto check_for_more;
862 }
863
864 /*
865 * Note the fact that we've saved this much data
866 * *before* we overwrite it with test data
867 */
868 test_record[num_saved].block = currently_testing;
869 test_record[num_saved].num = got;
870 num_saved++;
871
872 /* Write the test data */
873 written = do_write (dev, test_ptr, got, block_size,
874 currently_testing);
875 if (written != got)
876 com_err (program_name, errno,
877 _("during test data write, block %lu"),
878 (unsigned long) currently_testing +
879 written);
880
881 buf_used += got;
882 save_ptr += got * block_size;
883 test_ptr += got * block_size;
884 currently_testing += got;
885 if (got != try) {
886 try = 1;
887 if (recover_block == ~0U)
888 recover_block = currently_testing -
889 got + blocks_at_once;
890 continue;
891 }
892
893 check_for_more:
894 /*
895 * If there's room for more blocks to be tested this
896 * around, and we're not done yet testing the disk, go
897 * back and get some more blocks.
898 */
899 if ((buf_used != granularity) &&
900 (currently_testing < last_block))
901 continue;
902
903 if (currently_testing >= recover_block) {
904 granularity = blocks_at_once;
905 recover_block = ~0;
906 }
907
908 flush_bufs();
909 save_currently_testing = currently_testing;
910
911 /*
912 * for each contiguous block that we read into the
913 * buffer (and wrote test data into afterwards), read
914 * it back (looping if necessary, to get past newly
915 * discovered unreadable blocks, of which there should
916 * be none, but with a hard drive which is unreliable,
917 * it has happened), and compare with the test data
918 * that was written; output to the bad block list if
919 * it doesn't match.
920 */
921 used2 = 0;
922 save_ptr = save_base;
923 test_ptr = test_base;
924 read_ptr = read_base;
925 try = 0;
926
927 while (1) {
928 if (try == 0) {
929 if (used2 >= num_saved)
930 break;
931 currently_testing = test_record[used2].block;
932 try = test_record[used2].num;
933 used2++;
934 }
935
936 got = do_read (dev, read_ptr, try,
937 block_size, currently_testing);
938
939 /* test the comparison between all the
940 blocks successfully read */
941 for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
942 if (memcmp (test_ptr+i*block_size,
943 read_ptr+i*block_size, block_size))
944 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i, CORRUPTION_ERROR);
945 if (got < try) {
946 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + got, READ_ERROR);
947 got++;
948 }
949
950 /* write back original data */
951 do_write (dev, save_ptr, got,
952 block_size, currently_testing);
953 save_ptr += got * block_size;
954
955 currently_testing += got;
956 test_ptr += got * block_size;
957 read_ptr += got * block_size;
958 try -= got;
959 }
960
961 /* empty the buffer so it can be reused */
962 num_saved = 0;
963 buf_used = 0;
964 save_ptr = save_base;
965 test_ptr = test_base;
966 currently_testing = save_currently_testing;
967 }
968 num_blocks = 0;
969 alarm(0);
970 if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
971 fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
972
973 flush_bufs();
974 }
975 uncapture_terminate();
976 fflush(stderr);
977 free(blkbuf);
978 free(test_record);
979
980 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
981
982 return bb_count;
983 }
984
check_mount(char * device_name)985 static void check_mount(char *device_name)
986 {
987 errcode_t retval;
988 int mount_flags;
989
990 retval = ext2fs_check_if_mounted(device_name, &mount_flags);
991 if (retval) {
992 com_err("ext2fs_check_if_mount", retval,
993 _("while determining whether %s is mounted."),
994 device_name);
995 return;
996 }
997 if (mount_flags & EXT2_MF_MOUNTED) {
998 fprintf(stderr, _("%s is mounted; "), device_name);
999 if (force) {
1000 fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway. "
1001 "Hope /etc/mtab is incorrect.\n"), stderr);
1002 return;
1003 }
1004 abort_badblocks:
1005 fputs(_("it's not safe to run badblocks!\n"), stderr);
1006 exit(1);
1007 }
1008
1009 if ((mount_flags & EXT2_MF_BUSY) && !exclusive_ok) {
1010 fprintf(stderr, _("%s is apparently in use by the system; "),
1011 device_name);
1012 if (force)
1013 fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.\n"), stderr);
1014 else
1015 goto abort_badblocks;
1016 }
1017
1018 }
1019
1020 /*
1021 * This function will convert a string to an unsigned long, printing
1022 * an error message if it fails, and returning success or failure in err.
1023 */
parse_uint(const char * str,const char * descr)1024 static unsigned int parse_uint(const char *str, const char *descr)
1025 {
1026 char *tmp;
1027 unsigned long ret;
1028
1029 errno = 0;
1030 ret = strtoul(str, &tmp, 0);
1031 if (*tmp || errno || (ret > UINT_MAX) ||
1032 (ret == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)) {
1033 com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid %s - %s"), descr, str);
1034 exit (1);
1035 }
1036 return ret;
1037 }
1038
main(int argc,char ** argv)1039 int main (int argc, char ** argv)
1040 {
1041 int c;
1042 char * device_name;
1043 char * host_device_name = NULL;
1044 char * input_file = NULL;
1045 char * output_file = NULL;
1046 FILE * in = NULL;
1047 int block_size = 1024;
1048 unsigned int blocks_at_once = 64;
1049 blk64_t last_block, first_block;
1050 int num_passes = 0;
1051 int passes_clean = 0;
1052 int dev;
1053 errcode_t errcode;
1054 unsigned int pattern;
1055 unsigned int (*test_func)(int, blk_t,
1056 int, blk_t,
1057 unsigned int);
1058 int open_flag;
1059 long sysval;
1060 blk64_t inblk;
1061
1062 setbuf(stdout, NULL);
1063 setbuf(stderr, NULL);
1064 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1065 setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1066 setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1067 bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1068 textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1069 set_com_err_gettext(gettext);
1070 #endif
1071 srandom((unsigned int)time(NULL)); /* simple randomness is enough */
1072 test_func = test_ro;
1073
1074 /* Determine the system page size if possible */
1075 #ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
1076 #if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
1077 #define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
1078 #endif
1079 #ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
1080 sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
1081 if (sysval > 0)
1082 sys_page_size = sysval;
1083 #endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
1084 #endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
1085
1086 if (argc && *argv)
1087 program_name = *argv;
1088 while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "b:d:e:fi:o:svwnc:p:h:t:BX")) != EOF) {
1089 switch (c) {
1090 case 'b':
1091 block_size = parse_uint(optarg, "block size");
1092 break;
1093 case 'f':
1094 force++;
1095 break;
1096 case 'i':
1097 input_file = optarg;
1098 break;
1099 case 'o':
1100 output_file = optarg;
1101 break;
1102 case 's':
1103 s_flag = 1;
1104 break;
1105 case 'v':
1106 v_flag++;
1107 break;
1108 case 'w':
1109 if (w_flag)
1110 exclusive_usage();
1111 test_func = test_rw;
1112 w_flag = 1;
1113 break;
1114 case 'n':
1115 if (w_flag)
1116 exclusive_usage();
1117 test_func = test_nd;
1118 w_flag = 2;
1119 break;
1120 case 'c':
1121 blocks_at_once = parse_uint(optarg, "blocks at once");
1122 break;
1123 case 'e':
1124 max_bb = parse_uint(optarg, "max bad block count");
1125 if (max_bb > MAX_BAD_BLOCKS) {
1126 com_err (program_name, 0,
1127 _("Too big max bad blocks count %u - "
1128 "maximum is %u"), max_bb,
1129 MAX_BAD_BLOCKS);
1130 exit (1);
1131 }
1132 /* 0 really means unlimited but we cannot do that much... */
1133 if (max_bb == 0)
1134 max_bb = MAX_BAD_BLOCKS;
1135 break;
1136 case 'd':
1137 d_flag = parse_uint(optarg, "read delay factor");
1138 break;
1139 case 'p':
1140 num_passes = parse_uint(optarg,
1141 "number of clean passes");
1142 break;
1143 case 'h':
1144 host_device_name = optarg;
1145 break;
1146 case 't':
1147 if (t_flag + 1 > t_max) {
1148 unsigned int *t_patts_new;
1149
1150 t_patts_new = realloc(t_patts, sizeof(int) *
1151 (t_max + T_INC));
1152 if (!t_patts_new) {
1153 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
1154 _("can't allocate memory for "
1155 "test_pattern - %s"),
1156 optarg);
1157 exit(1);
1158 }
1159 t_patts = t_patts_new;
1160 t_max += T_INC;
1161 }
1162 if (!strcmp(optarg, "r") || !strcmp(optarg,"random")) {
1163 t_patts[t_flag++] = ~0;
1164 } else {
1165 pattern = parse_uint(optarg, "test pattern");
1166 if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0)
1167 pattern = 0xffff;
1168 t_patts[t_flag++] = pattern;
1169 }
1170 break;
1171 case 'B':
1172 use_buffered_io = 1;
1173 break;
1174 case 'X':
1175 exclusive_ok++;
1176 break;
1177 default:
1178 usage();
1179 }
1180 }
1181 if (!w_flag) {
1182 if (t_flag > 1) {
1183 com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
1184 _("Maximum of one test_pattern may be "
1185 "specified in read-only mode"));
1186 exit(1);
1187 }
1188 if (t_patts && (t_patts[0] == (unsigned int) ~0)) {
1189 com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
1190 _("Random test_pattern is not allowed "
1191 "in read-only mode"));
1192 exit(1);
1193 }
1194 }
1195 if (optind > argc - 1)
1196 usage();
1197 device_name = argv[optind++];
1198 if (optind > argc - 1) {
1199 errcode = ext2fs_get_device_size2(device_name,
1200 block_size,
1201 &last_block);
1202 if (errcode == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1203 com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
1204 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1205 "must specify\nthe size manually\n"));
1206 exit(1);
1207 }
1208 if (errcode) {
1209 com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
1210 _("while trying to determine device size"));
1211 exit(1);
1212 }
1213 } else {
1214 errno = 0;
1215 last_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("last block"));
1216 last_block++;
1217 optind++;
1218 }
1219 if (optind <= argc-1) {
1220 errno = 0;
1221 first_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("first block"));
1222 } else first_block = 0;
1223 if (first_block >= last_block) {
1224 com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid starting block (%llu): must be less than %llu"),
1225 first_block, last_block);
1226 exit (1);
1227 }
1228 /* ext2 badblocks file can't handle large values */
1229 if (last_block >> 32) {
1230 com_err(program_name, EOVERFLOW,
1231 _("invalid end block (%llu): must be 32-bit value"),
1232 last_block);
1233 exit(1);
1234 }
1235 if (w_flag)
1236 check_mount(device_name);
1237
1238 gettimeofday(&time_start, 0);
1239 open_flag = O_LARGEFILE | (w_flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
1240 dev = open (device_name, open_flag);
1241 if (dev == -1) {
1242 com_err (program_name, errno, _("while trying to open %s"),
1243 device_name);
1244 exit (1);
1245 }
1246 if (host_device_name) {
1247 host_dev = open (host_device_name, open_flag);
1248 if (host_dev == -1) {
1249 com_err (program_name, errno,
1250 _("while trying to open %s"),
1251 host_device_name);
1252 exit (1);
1253 }
1254 } else
1255 host_dev = dev;
1256 if (input_file) {
1257 if (strcmp (input_file, "-") == 0)
1258 in = stdin;
1259 else {
1260 in = fopen (input_file, "r");
1261 if (in == NULL)
1262 {
1263 com_err (program_name, errno,
1264 _("while trying to open %s"),
1265 input_file);
1266 exit (1);
1267 }
1268 }
1269 }
1270 if (output_file && strcmp (output_file, "-") != 0)
1271 {
1272 out = fopen (output_file, "w");
1273 if (out == NULL)
1274 {
1275 com_err (program_name, errno,
1276 _("while trying to open %s"),
1277 output_file);
1278 exit (1);
1279 }
1280 }
1281 else
1282 out = stdout;
1283
1284 errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_create(&bb_list,0);
1285 if (errcode) {
1286 com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
1287 _("while creating in-memory bad blocks list"));
1288 exit (1);
1289 }
1290
1291 if (in) {
1292 for(;;) {
1293 switch (fscanf(in, "%llu\n", &inblk)) {
1294 case 0:
1295 com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
1296 _("input file - bad format"));
1297 exit (1);
1298 case EOF:
1299 break;
1300 default:
1301 if (inblk >> 32) {
1302 com_err(program_name,
1303 EOVERFLOW, "%s",
1304 _("while adding to in-memory "
1305 "bad block list"));
1306 exit(1);
1307 }
1308 next_bad = inblk;
1309 errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add(bb_list,next_bad);
1310 if (errcode) {
1311 com_err(program_name, errcode,
1312 "%s",
1313 _("while adding to in-memory "
1314 "bad block list"));
1315 exit (1);
1316 }
1317 continue;
1318 }
1319 break;
1320 }
1321
1322 if (in != stdin)
1323 fclose (in);
1324 }
1325
1326 do {
1327 unsigned int bb_count;
1328
1329 bb_count = test_func(dev, last_block, block_size,
1330 first_block, blocks_at_once);
1331 if (bb_count)
1332 passes_clean = 0;
1333 else
1334 ++passes_clean;
1335
1336 if (v_flag)
1337 fprintf(stderr,
1338 _("Pass completed, %u bad blocks found. (%d/%d/%d errors)\n"),
1339 bb_count, num_read_errors, num_write_errors, num_corruption_errors);
1340
1341 } while (passes_clean < num_passes);
1342
1343 close (dev);
1344 if (out != stdout)
1345 fclose (out);
1346 free(t_patts);
1347 return 0;
1348 }
1349