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1 /*
2  * rdjpgcom.c
3  *
4  * This file was part of the Independent JPEG Group's software:
5  * Copyright (C) 1994-1997, Thomas G. Lane.
6  * Modified 2009 by Bill Allombert, Guido Vollbeding.
7  * It was modified by The libjpeg-turbo Project to include only code relevant
8  * to libjpeg-turbo.
9  * For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README.ijg
10  * file.
11  *
12  * This file contains a very simple stand-alone application that displays
13  * the text in COM (comment) markers in a JFIF file.
14  * This may be useful as an example of the minimum logic needed to parse
15  * JPEG markers.
16  */
17 
18 #define JPEG_CJPEG_DJPEG        /* to get the command-line config symbols */
19 #include "jinclude.h"           /* get auto-config symbols, <stdio.h> */
20 
21 #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
22 #include <locale.h>             /* Bill Allombert: use locale for isprint */
23 #endif
24 #include <ctype.h>              /* to declare isupper(), tolower() */
25 #ifdef USE_SETMODE
26 #include <fcntl.h>              /* to declare setmode()'s parameter macros */
27 /* If you have setmode() but not <io.h>, just delete this line: */
28 #include <io.h>                 /* to declare setmode() */
29 #endif
30 
31 #ifdef USE_CCOMMAND             /* command-line reader for Macintosh */
32 #ifdef __MWERKS__
33 #include <SIOUX.h>              /* Metrowerks needs this */
34 #include <console.h>            /* ... and this */
35 #endif
36 #ifdef THINK_C
37 #include <console.h>            /* Think declares it here */
38 #endif
39 #endif
40 
41 #ifdef DONT_USE_B_MODE          /* define mode parameters for fopen() */
42 #define READ_BINARY     "r"
43 #else
44 #define READ_BINARY     "rb"
45 #endif
46 
47 #ifndef EXIT_FAILURE            /* define exit() codes if not provided */
48 #define EXIT_FAILURE  1
49 #endif
50 #ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS
51 #define EXIT_SUCCESS  0
52 #endif
53 
54 
55 /*
56  * These macros are used to read the input file.
57  * To reuse this code in another application, you might need to change these.
58  */
59 
60 static FILE *infile;            /* input JPEG file */
61 
62 /* Return next input byte, or EOF if no more */
63 #define NEXTBYTE()  getc(infile)
64 
65 
66 /* Error exit handler */
67 #define ERREXIT(msg)  (fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg), exit(EXIT_FAILURE))
68 
69 
70 /* Read one byte, testing for EOF */
71 static int
read_1_byte(void)72 read_1_byte (void)
73 {
74   int c;
75 
76   c = NEXTBYTE();
77   if (c == EOF)
78     ERREXIT("Premature EOF in JPEG file");
79   return c;
80 }
81 
82 /* Read 2 bytes, convert to unsigned int */
83 /* All 2-byte quantities in JPEG markers are MSB first */
84 static unsigned int
read_2_bytes(void)85 read_2_bytes (void)
86 {
87   int c1, c2;
88 
89   c1 = NEXTBYTE();
90   if (c1 == EOF)
91     ERREXIT("Premature EOF in JPEG file");
92   c2 = NEXTBYTE();
93   if (c2 == EOF)
94     ERREXIT("Premature EOF in JPEG file");
95   return (((unsigned int) c1) << 8) + ((unsigned int) c2);
96 }
97 
98 
99 /*
100  * JPEG markers consist of one or more 0xFF bytes, followed by a marker
101  * code byte (which is not an FF).  Here are the marker codes of interest
102  * in this program.  (See jdmarker.c for a more complete list.)
103  */
104 
105 #define M_SOF0  0xC0            /* Start Of Frame N */
106 #define M_SOF1  0xC1            /* N indicates which compression process */
107 #define M_SOF2  0xC2            /* Only SOF0-SOF2 are now in common use */
108 #define M_SOF3  0xC3
109 #define M_SOF5  0xC5            /* NB: codes C4 and CC are NOT SOF markers */
110 #define M_SOF6  0xC6
111 #define M_SOF7  0xC7
112 #define M_SOF9  0xC9
113 #define M_SOF10 0xCA
114 #define M_SOF11 0xCB
115 #define M_SOF13 0xCD
116 #define M_SOF14 0xCE
117 #define M_SOF15 0xCF
118 #define M_SOI   0xD8            /* Start Of Image (beginning of datastream) */
119 #define M_EOI   0xD9            /* End Of Image (end of datastream) */
120 #define M_SOS   0xDA            /* Start Of Scan (begins compressed data) */
121 #define M_APP0  0xE0            /* Application-specific marker, type N */
122 #define M_APP12 0xEC            /* (we don't bother to list all 16 APPn's) */
123 #define M_COM   0xFE            /* COMment */
124 
125 
126 /*
127  * Find the next JPEG marker and return its marker code.
128  * We expect at least one FF byte, possibly more if the compressor used FFs
129  * to pad the file.
130  * There could also be non-FF garbage between markers.  The treatment of such
131  * garbage is unspecified; we choose to skip over it but emit a warning msg.
132  * NB: this routine must not be used after seeing SOS marker, since it will
133  * not deal correctly with FF/00 sequences in the compressed image data...
134  */
135 
136 static int
next_marker(void)137 next_marker (void)
138 {
139   int c;
140   int discarded_bytes = 0;
141 
142   /* Find 0xFF byte; count and skip any non-FFs. */
143   c = read_1_byte();
144   while (c != 0xFF) {
145     discarded_bytes++;
146     c = read_1_byte();
147   }
148   /* Get marker code byte, swallowing any duplicate FF bytes.  Extra FFs
149    * are legal as pad bytes, so don't count them in discarded_bytes.
150    */
151   do {
152     c = read_1_byte();
153   } while (c == 0xFF);
154 
155   if (discarded_bytes != 0) {
156     fprintf(stderr, "Warning: garbage data found in JPEG file\n");
157   }
158 
159   return c;
160 }
161 
162 
163 /*
164  * Read the initial marker, which should be SOI.
165  * For a JFIF file, the first two bytes of the file should be literally
166  * 0xFF M_SOI.  To be more general, we could use next_marker, but if the
167  * input file weren't actually JPEG at all, next_marker might read the whole
168  * file and then return a misleading error message...
169  */
170 
171 static int
first_marker(void)172 first_marker (void)
173 {
174   int c1, c2;
175 
176   c1 = NEXTBYTE();
177   c2 = NEXTBYTE();
178   if (c1 != 0xFF || c2 != M_SOI)
179     ERREXIT("Not a JPEG file");
180   return c2;
181 }
182 
183 
184 /*
185  * Most types of marker are followed by a variable-length parameter segment.
186  * This routine skips over the parameters for any marker we don't otherwise
187  * want to process.
188  * Note that we MUST skip the parameter segment explicitly in order not to
189  * be fooled by 0xFF bytes that might appear within the parameter segment;
190  * such bytes do NOT introduce new markers.
191  */
192 
193 static void
skip_variable(void)194 skip_variable (void)
195 /* Skip over an unknown or uninteresting variable-length marker */
196 {
197   unsigned int length;
198 
199   /* Get the marker parameter length count */
200   length = read_2_bytes();
201   /* Length includes itself, so must be at least 2 */
202   if (length < 2)
203     ERREXIT("Erroneous JPEG marker length");
204   length -= 2;
205   /* Skip over the remaining bytes */
206   while (length > 0) {
207     (void) read_1_byte();
208     length--;
209   }
210 }
211 
212 
213 /*
214  * Process a COM marker.
215  * We want to print out the marker contents as legible text;
216  * we must guard against non-text junk and varying newline representations.
217  */
218 
219 static void
process_COM(int raw)220 process_COM (int raw)
221 {
222   unsigned int length;
223   int ch;
224   int lastch = 0;
225 
226   /* Bill Allombert: set locale properly for isprint */
227 #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
228   setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
229 #endif
230 
231   /* Get the marker parameter length count */
232   length = read_2_bytes();
233   /* Length includes itself, so must be at least 2 */
234   if (length < 2)
235     ERREXIT("Erroneous JPEG marker length");
236   length -= 2;
237 
238   while (length > 0) {
239     ch = read_1_byte();
240     if (raw) {
241       putc(ch, stdout);
242     /* Emit the character in a readable form.
243      * Nonprintables are converted to \nnn form,
244      * while \ is converted to \\.
245      * Newlines in CR, CR/LF, or LF form will be printed as one newline.
246      */
247     } else if (ch == '\r') {
248       printf("\n");
249     } else if (ch == '\n') {
250       if (lastch != '\r')
251         printf("\n");
252     } else if (ch == '\\') {
253       printf("\\\\");
254     } else if (isprint(ch)) {
255       putc(ch, stdout);
256     } else {
257       printf("\\%03o", ch);
258     }
259     lastch = ch;
260     length--;
261   }
262   printf("\n");
263 
264   /* Bill Allombert: revert to C locale */
265 #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
266   setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "C");
267 #endif
268 }
269 
270 
271 /*
272  * Process a SOFn marker.
273  * This code is only needed if you want to know the image dimensions...
274  */
275 
276 static void
process_SOFn(int marker)277 process_SOFn (int marker)
278 {
279   unsigned int length;
280   unsigned int image_height, image_width;
281   int data_precision, num_components;
282   const char *process;
283   int ci;
284 
285   length = read_2_bytes();      /* usual parameter length count */
286 
287   data_precision = read_1_byte();
288   image_height = read_2_bytes();
289   image_width = read_2_bytes();
290   num_components = read_1_byte();
291 
292   switch (marker) {
293   case M_SOF0:  process = "Baseline";  break;
294   case M_SOF1:  process = "Extended sequential";  break;
295   case M_SOF2:  process = "Progressive";  break;
296   case M_SOF3:  process = "Lossless";  break;
297   case M_SOF5:  process = "Differential sequential";  break;
298   case M_SOF6:  process = "Differential progressive";  break;
299   case M_SOF7:  process = "Differential lossless";  break;
300   case M_SOF9:  process = "Extended sequential, arithmetic coding";  break;
301   case M_SOF10: process = "Progressive, arithmetic coding";  break;
302   case M_SOF11: process = "Lossless, arithmetic coding";  break;
303   case M_SOF13: process = "Differential sequential, arithmetic coding";  break;
304   case M_SOF14: process = "Differential progressive, arithmetic coding"; break;
305   case M_SOF15: process = "Differential lossless, arithmetic coding";  break;
306   default:      process = "Unknown";  break;
307   }
308 
309   printf("JPEG image is %uw * %uh, %d color components, %d bits per sample\n",
310          image_width, image_height, num_components, data_precision);
311   printf("JPEG process: %s\n", process);
312 
313   if (length != (unsigned int) (8 + num_components * 3))
314     ERREXIT("Bogus SOF marker length");
315 
316   for (ci = 0; ci < num_components; ci++) {
317     (void) read_1_byte();       /* Component ID code */
318     (void) read_1_byte();       /* H, V sampling factors */
319     (void) read_1_byte();       /* Quantization table number */
320   }
321 }
322 
323 
324 /*
325  * Parse the marker stream until SOS or EOI is seen;
326  * display any COM markers.
327  * While the companion program wrjpgcom will always insert COM markers before
328  * SOFn, other implementations might not, so we scan to SOS before stopping.
329  * If we were only interested in the image dimensions, we would stop at SOFn.
330  * (Conversely, if we only cared about COM markers, there would be no need
331  * for special code to handle SOFn; we could treat it like other markers.)
332  */
333 
334 static int
scan_JPEG_header(int verbose,int raw)335 scan_JPEG_header (int verbose, int raw)
336 {
337   int marker;
338 
339   /* Expect SOI at start of file */
340   if (first_marker() != M_SOI)
341     ERREXIT("Expected SOI marker first");
342 
343   /* Scan miscellaneous markers until we reach SOS. */
344   for (;;) {
345     marker = next_marker();
346     switch (marker) {
347       /* Note that marker codes 0xC4, 0xC8, 0xCC are not, and must not be,
348        * treated as SOFn.  C4 in particular is actually DHT.
349        */
350     case M_SOF0:                /* Baseline */
351     case M_SOF1:                /* Extended sequential, Huffman */
352     case M_SOF2:                /* Progressive, Huffman */
353     case M_SOF3:                /* Lossless, Huffman */
354     case M_SOF5:                /* Differential sequential, Huffman */
355     case M_SOF6:                /* Differential progressive, Huffman */
356     case M_SOF7:                /* Differential lossless, Huffman */
357     case M_SOF9:                /* Extended sequential, arithmetic */
358     case M_SOF10:               /* Progressive, arithmetic */
359     case M_SOF11:               /* Lossless, arithmetic */
360     case M_SOF13:               /* Differential sequential, arithmetic */
361     case M_SOF14:               /* Differential progressive, arithmetic */
362     case M_SOF15:               /* Differential lossless, arithmetic */
363       if (verbose)
364         process_SOFn(marker);
365       else
366         skip_variable();
367       break;
368 
369     case M_SOS:                 /* stop before hitting compressed data */
370       return marker;
371 
372     case M_EOI:                 /* in case it's a tables-only JPEG stream */
373       return marker;
374 
375     case M_COM:
376       process_COM(raw);
377       break;
378 
379     case M_APP12:
380       /* Some digital camera makers put useful textual information into
381        * APP12 markers, so we print those out too when in -verbose mode.
382        */
383       if (verbose) {
384         printf("APP12 contains:\n");
385         process_COM(raw);
386       } else
387         skip_variable();
388       break;
389 
390     default:                    /* Anything else just gets skipped */
391       skip_variable();          /* we assume it has a parameter count... */
392       break;
393     }
394   } /* end loop */
395 }
396 
397 
398 /* Command line parsing code */
399 
400 static const char *progname;    /* program name for error messages */
401 
402 
403 static void
usage(void)404 usage (void)
405 /* complain about bad command line */
406 {
407   fprintf(stderr, "rdjpgcom displays any textual comments in a JPEG file.\n");
408 
409   fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [switches] [inputfile]\n", progname);
410 
411   fprintf(stderr, "Switches (names may be abbreviated):\n");
412   fprintf(stderr, "  -raw        Display non-printable characters in comments (unsafe)\n");
413   fprintf(stderr, "  -verbose    Also display dimensions of JPEG image\n");
414 
415   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
416 }
417 
418 
419 static int
keymatch(char * arg,const char * keyword,int minchars)420 keymatch (char *arg, const char *keyword, int minchars)
421 /* Case-insensitive matching of (possibly abbreviated) keyword switches. */
422 /* keyword is the constant keyword (must be lower case already), */
423 /* minchars is length of minimum legal abbreviation. */
424 {
425   register int ca, ck;
426   register int nmatched = 0;
427 
428   while ((ca = *arg++) != '\0') {
429     if ((ck = *keyword++) == '\0')
430       return 0;                 /* arg longer than keyword, no good */
431     if (isupper(ca))            /* force arg to lcase (assume ck is already) */
432       ca = tolower(ca);
433     if (ca != ck)
434       return 0;                 /* no good */
435     nmatched++;                 /* count matched characters */
436   }
437   /* reached end of argument; fail if it's too short for unique abbrev */
438   if (nmatched < minchars)
439     return 0;
440   return 1;                     /* A-OK */
441 }
442 
443 
444 /*
445  * The main program.
446  */
447 
448 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)449 main (int argc, char **argv)
450 {
451   int argn;
452   char *arg;
453   int verbose = 0, raw = 0;
454 
455   /* On Mac, fetch a command line. */
456 #ifdef USE_CCOMMAND
457   argc = ccommand(&argv);
458 #endif
459 
460   progname = argv[0];
461   if (progname == NULL || progname[0] == 0)
462     progname = "rdjpgcom";      /* in case C library doesn't provide it */
463 
464   /* Parse switches, if any */
465   for (argn = 1; argn < argc; argn++) {
466     arg = argv[argn];
467     if (arg[0] != '-')
468       break;                    /* not switch, must be file name */
469     arg++;                      /* advance over '-' */
470     if (keymatch(arg, "verbose", 1)) {
471       verbose++;
472     } else if (keymatch(arg, "raw", 1)) {
473       raw = 1;
474     } else
475       usage();
476   }
477 
478   /* Open the input file. */
479   /* Unix style: expect zero or one file name */
480   if (argn < argc-1) {
481     fprintf(stderr, "%s: only one input file\n", progname);
482     usage();
483   }
484   if (argn < argc) {
485     if ((infile = fopen(argv[argn], READ_BINARY)) == NULL) {
486       fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open %s\n", progname, argv[argn]);
487       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
488     }
489   } else {
490     /* default input file is stdin */
491 #ifdef USE_SETMODE              /* need to hack file mode? */
492     setmode(fileno(stdin), O_BINARY);
493 #endif
494 #ifdef USE_FDOPEN               /* need to re-open in binary mode? */
495     if ((infile = fdopen(fileno(stdin), READ_BINARY)) == NULL) {
496       fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open stdin\n", progname);
497       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
498     }
499 #else
500     infile = stdin;
501 #endif
502   }
503 
504   /* Scan the JPEG headers. */
505   (void) scan_JPEG_header(verbose, raw);
506 
507   /* All done. */
508   exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
509   return 0;                     /* suppress no-return-value warnings */
510 }
511