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1# © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
2# License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html#License
3#
4# File: ja_Hrkt_ja_Latn_BGN.txt
5# Generated from CLDR
6#
7
8#
9########################################################################
10# BGN/PCGN Agreement
11#
12# The modified Hepburn system for the romanization of Japanese has been
13# in use by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names since about 1930 and has
14# been used extensively in the romanization of Japanese geographic names.
15# The system is well adapted to the general needs of speakers of English
16# and is the most widely used system for the romanization of Japanese.
17#
18# Originally prepared by Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com>
19########################################################################
20#
21# MINIMAL FILTER: Japanese-Latin
22#
23:: [あいうえおかがきぎくぐけげこごさざしじすずせぜそぞただちぢっつづてでとどなにぬねのはばぱひびぴふぶぷへべぺほぼぽまみむめもゃやゅゆょよらりるれろわゐゑをんゔアイウエオカガキギクグケゲコゴサザシジスズセゼソゾタダチヂッツヅテデトドナニヌネノハバパヒビピフブプヘベペホボポマミムメモャヤュユョヨラリルレロワヰヱヲンヴ] ;
24:: NFD (NFC) ;
25#
26#
27########################################################################
28#
29########################################################################
30#
31# Define All Transformation Variables
32#
33########################################################################
34$apostrophe  = ’;
35#
36# Use this $wordBoundary until bug 2034 is fixed in ICU:
37# http://bugs.icu-project.org/cgi-bin/icu-bugs/transliterate?id=2034;expression=boundary;user=guest
38#
39$wordBoundary =  [^[:L:][:M:][:N:]] ;
40#
41########################################################################
42#
43# Rules moved to front to avoid masking
44#
45########################################################################
46#
47########################################################################
48#
49# BGN Page 45 Rule 2:
50#
51# A small-script tsu form (ッ or っ) is inserted between kana symbols
52# to indicate a double consonant and is romanized as k before k;
53# as s before s or sh; as t before t, ts, or ch; and as p before p.
54#
55########################################################################
56#
57ッ}[カキクケコ] → k ; # KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU
58っ}[かきくけこ] → k ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL TU
59ッ}[サシスセソ] → s ; # KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU
60っ}[さしすせそ] → s ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL TU
61ッ}[タチツテト] → t ; # KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU
62っ}[たちつてと] → t ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL TU
63ッ}[パピプペポ] → p ; # KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU
64っ}[ぱぴぷぺぽ] → p ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL TU
65#
66#
67########################################################################
68#
69# End of Rule 2
70#
71########################################################################
72#
73########################################################################
74#
75# Start of Syllabic Transformations
76#
77########################################################################
78#
79ア → a ; # KATAKANA LETTER A
80イ → i ; # KATAKANA LETTER I
81ウ → u ; # KATAKANA LETTER U
82エ → e ; # KATAKANA LETTER E
83オウ → ō ; # KATAKANA LETTER O + U
84オ → o ; # KATAKANA LETTER O
85カ → ka ; # KATAKANA LETTER KA
86キョウ → kyō ; # KATAKANA LETTER KI + SMALL YO + U
87キュウ → kyū ; # KATAKANA LETTER KI + SMALL YU + U
88キャ → kya ; # KATAKANA LETTER KI + SMALL YA
89キョ → kyo ; # KATAKANA LETTER KI + SMALL YO
90キュ → kyu ; # KATAKANA LETTER KI + SMALL YU
91キ → ki ; # KATAKANA LETTER KI
92ク → ku ; # KATAKANA LETTER KU
93ケ → ke ; # KATAKANA LETTER KE
94コウ → kō ; # KATAKANA LETTER KO + U
95コ → ko ; # KATAKANA LETTER KO
96サ → sa ; # KATAKANA LETTER SA
97ショウ → shō ; # KATAKANA LETTER SI + SMALL YO + U
98シュウ → shū ; # KATAKANA LETTER SI + SMALL YU + U
99シャ → sha ; # KATAKANA LETTER SI + SMALL YA
100ショ → sho ; # KATAKANA LETTER SI + SMALL YO
101シュ → shu ; # KATAKANA LETTER SI + SMALL YU
102シ → shi ; # KATAKANA LETTER SI
103ス → su ; # KATAKANA LETTER SU
104セ → se ; # KATAKANA LETTER SE
105ソウ → sō ; # KATAKANA LETTER SO + U
106ソ → so ; # KATAKANA LETTER SO
107タ → ta ; # KATAKANA LETTER TA
108チョウ → chō ; # KATAKANA LETTER TI + SMALL YO + U
109チュウ → chū ; # KATAKANA LETTER TI + SMALL YU + U
110チャ → cha ; # KATAKANA LETTER TI + SMALL YA
111チョ → cho ; # KATAKANA LETTER TI + SMALL YO
112チュ → chu ; # KATAKANA LETTER TI + SMALL YU
113チ → chi ; # KATAKANA LETTER TI
114ツ → tsu ; # KATAKANA LETTER TU
115テ → te ; # KATAKANA LETTER TE
116トウ → tō ; # KATAKANA LETTER TO + U
117ト → to ; # KATAKANA LETTER TO
118ナ → na ; # KATAKANA LETTER NA
119ニョウ → nyō ; # KATAKANA LETTER NI + SMALL YO + U
120ニュウ → nyū ; # KATAKANA LETTER NI + SMALL YU + U
121ニャ → nya ; # KATAKANA LETTER NI + SMALL YA
122ニョ → nyo ; # KATAKANA LETTER NI + SMALL YO
123ニュ → nyu ; # KATAKANA LETTER NI + SMALL YU
124ニ → ni ; # KATAKANA LETTER NI
125ヌ → nu ; # KATAKANA LETTER NU
126ネ → ne ; # KATAKANA LETTER NE
127ノウ → nō ; # KATAKANA LETTER NO + U
128ノ → no ; # KATAKANA LETTER NO
129ハ → ha ; # KATAKANA LETTER HA
130ヒョウ → hyō ; # KATAKANA LETTER HI + SMALL YO + U
131ヒュウ → hyū ; # KATAKANA LETTER HI + SMALL YU + U
132ヒャ → hya ; # KATAKANA LETTER HI + SMALL YA
133ヒョ → hyo ; # KATAKANA LETTER HI + SMALL YO
134ヒュ → hyu ; # KATAKANA LETTER HI + SMALL YU
135ヒ → hi ; # KATAKANA LETTER HI
136フ → fu ; # KATAKANA LETTER HU
137ヘ → he ; # KATAKANA LETTER HE
138ホウ → hō ; # KATAKANA LETTER HO + U
139ホ → ho ; # KATAKANA LETTER HO
140マ → ma ; # KATAKANA LETTER MA
141ミョウ → hyō ; # KATAKANA LETTER MI + SMALL YO + U
142ミュウ → hyū ; # KATAKANA LETTER MI + SMALL YU + U
143ミャ → hya ; # KATAKANA LETTER MI + SMALL YA
144ミョ → hyo ; # KATAKANA LETTER MI + SMALL YO
145ミュ → hyu ; # KATAKANA LETTER MI + SMALL YU
146ミ → mi ; # KATAKANA LETTER MI
147ム → mu ; # KATAKANA LETTER MU
148メ → me ; # KATAKANA LETTER ME
149モウ → mō ; # KATAKANA LETTER MO + U
150モ → mo ; # KATAKANA LETTER MO
151ヤ → ya ; # KATAKANA LETTER YA
152ユ → yu ; # KATAKANA LETTER YU
153ヨウ → yō ; # KATAKANA LETTER YO + U
154ヨ → yo ; # KATAKANA LETTER YO
155ラ → ra ; # KATAKANA LETTER RA
156リョウ → ryō ; # KATAKANA LETTER RI + SMALL YO + U
157リュウ → ryū ; # KATAKANA LETTER RI + SMALL YU + U
158リャ → rya ; # KATAKANA LETTER RI + SMALL YA
159リョ → ryo ; # KATAKANA LETTER RI + SMALL YO
160リュ → ryu ; # KATAKANA LETTER RI + SMALL YU
161リ → ri ; # KATAKANA LETTER RI
162ル → ru ; # KATAKANA LETTER RU
163レ → re ; # KATAKANA LETTER RE
164ロウ → rō ; # KATAKANA LETTER RO + U
165ロ → ro ; # KATAKANA LETTER RO
166ワ → wa ; # KATAKANA LETTER WA
167ヰ → i ; # KATAKANA LETTER WI
168ヱ → e ; # KATAKANA LETTER WE
169ヲ → o ; # KATAKANA LETTER WO
170#
171#
172########################################################################
173#
174# BGN Page 45 Rule 3:
175#
176# The character ン should be romanized m before b, p, or m.
177# The character ん should be romanized m before b, p, or m.
178# The character ン should be romanized n’ before y or a vowel letter.
179# The character ん should be romanized n’ before y or a vowel letter.
180#
181########################################################################
182#
183ン}[バビブベボパピプペポマミムメモ] → m ; # KATAKANA LETTER N
184ん}[ばびぶべぼぱぴぷぺぽまみむめも] → m ; # HIRAGANA LETTER N
185ン}[ヤユヨアイウエオ] → n $apostrophe ; # KATAKANA LETTER N
186ん}[やゆよあいうえお] → n $apostrophe ; # HIRAGANA LETTER N
187#
188#
189########################################################################
190#
191# End of Rule 3
192#
193########################################################################
194#
195ン → n ; # KATAKANA LETTER N
196ガ → ga ; # KATAKANA LETTER GA
197ギョウ → gyō ; # KATAKANA LETTER GI + SMALL YO + U
198ギュウ → gyū ; # KATAKANA LETTER GI + SMALL YU + U
199ギャ → gya ; # KATAKANA LETTER GI + SMALL YA
200ギョ → gyo ; # KATAKANA LETTER GI + SMALL YO
201ギュ → gyu ; # KATAKANA LETTER GI + SMALL YU
202ギ → gi ; # KATAKANA LETTER GI
203グ → gu ; # KATAKANA LETTER GU
204ゲ → ge ; # KATAKANA LETTER GE
205ゴウ → gō ; # KATAKANA LETTER GO + U
206ゴ → go ; # KATAKANA LETTER GO
207ザ → za ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZA
208ジョウ → jō ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YO + U
209ジュウ → jū ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YU + U
210ジャ → ja ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YA
211ジョ → jo ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YO
212ジュ → ju ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YU
213ジ → ji ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZI
214ズ → zu ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZU
215ゼ → ze ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZE
216ゾウ → zō ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZO + U
217ゾ → zo ; # KATAKANA LETTER ZO
218ダ → da ; # KATAKANA LETTER DA
219ヂ → ji ; # KATAKANA LETTER DI
220ヅ → zu ; # KATAKANA LETTER DU
221デ → de ; # KATAKANA LETTER DE
222ドウ → dō ; # KATAKANA LETTER DO + U
223ド → do ; # KATAKANA LETTER DO
224バ → ba ; # KATAKANA LETTER BA
225ビョウ → byō ; # KATAKANA LETTER BI + SMALL YO + U
226ビュウ → byū ; # KATAKANA LETTER BI + SMALL YU + U
227ビャ → bya ; # KATAKANA LETTER BI + SMALL YA
228ビョ → byo ; # KATAKANA LETTER BI + SMALL YO
229ビュ → byu ; # KATAKANA LETTER BI + SMALL YU
230ビ → bi ; # KATAKANA LETTER BI
231ブ → bu ; # KATAKANA LETTER BU
232ベ → be ; # KATAKANA LETTER BE
233ボウ → bō ; # KATAKANA LETTER BO + U
234ボ → bo ; # KATAKANA LETTER BO
235パ → pa ; # KATAKANA LETTER PA
236ピョウ → pyō ; # KATAKANA LETTER PI + SMALL YO + U
237ピュウ → pyū ; # KATAKANA LETTER PI + SMALL YU + U
238ピャ → pya ; # KATAKANA LETTER PI + SMALL YA
239ピョ → pyo ; # KATAKANA LETTER PI + SMALL YO
240ピュ → pyu ; # KATAKANA LETTER PI + SMALL YU
241ピ → pi ; # KATAKANA LETTER PI
242プ → pu ; # KATAKANA LETTER PU
243ペ → pe ; # KATAKANA LETTER PE
244ポウ → pō ; # KATAKANA LETTER PO + U
245ポ → po ; # KATAKANA LETTER PO
246ヴ → v ; # KATAKANA LETTER VU
247あ → a ; # HIRAGANA LETTER A
248い → i ; # HIRAGANA LETTER I
249う → u ; # HIRAGANA LETTER U
250え → e ; # HIRAGANA LETTER E
251おう → ō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER O + U
252お → o ; # HIRAGANA LETTER O
253か → ka ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KA
254きょう → kyō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KI + SMALL YO + U
255きゅう → kyū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KI + SMALL YU + U
256きゃ → kya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KI + SMALL YA
257きょ → kyo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KI + SMALL YO
258きゅ → kyu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KI + SMALL YU
259き → ki ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KI
260く → ku ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KU
261け → ke ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KE
262こう → kō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KO + U
263こ → ko ; # HIRAGANA LETTER KO
264さ → sa ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SA
265しょう → shō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SI + SMALL YO + U
266しゅう → shū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SI + SMALL YU + U
267しゃ → sha ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SI + SMALL YA
268しょ → sho ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SI + SMALL YO
269しゅ → shu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SI + SMALL YU
270し → shi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SI
271す → su ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SU
272せ → se ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SE
273そう → sō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SO + U
274そ → so ; # HIRAGANA LETTER SO
275た → ta ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TA
276ちょう → chō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TI + SMALL YO + U
277ちゅう → chū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TI + SMALL YU + U
278ちゃ → cha ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TI + SMALL YA
279ちょ → cho ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TI + SMALL YO
280ちゅ → chu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TI + SMALL YU
281ち → chi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TI
282つ → tsu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TU
283て → te ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TE
284とう → tō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TO + U
285と → to ; # HIRAGANA LETTER TO
286な → na ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NA
287にょう → nyō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NI + SMALL YO + U
288にゅう → nyū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NI + SMALL YU + U
289にゃ → nya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NI + SMALL YA
290にょ → nyo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NI + SMALL YO
291にゅ → nyu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NI + SMALL YU
292に → ni ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NI
293ぬ → nu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NU
294ね → ne ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NE
295のう → nō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NO + U
296の → no ; # HIRAGANA LETTER NO
297は → ha ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HA
298ひょう → hyō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HI + SMALL YO + U
299ひゅう → hyū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HI + SMALL YU + U
300ひゃ → hya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HI + SMALL YA
301ひょ → hyo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HI + SMALL YO
302ひゅ → hyu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HI + SMALL YU
303ひ → hi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HI
304ふ → fu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HU
305へ → he ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HE
306ほう → hō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HO + U
307ほ → ho ; # HIRAGANA LETTER HO
308ま → ma ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MA
309みょう → hyō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MI + SMALL YO + U
310みゅう → hyū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MI + SMALL YU + U
311みゃ → hya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MI + SMALL YA
312みょ → hyo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MI + SMALL YO
313みゅ → hyu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MI + SMALL YU
314み → mi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MI
315む → mu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MU
316め → me ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ME
317もう → mō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MO + U
318も → mo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER MO
319や → ya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER YA
320ゆ → yu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER YU
321よう → yō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER YO + U
322よ → yo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER YO
323ら → ra ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RA
324りょう → ryō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RI + SMALL YO + U
325りゅう → ryū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RI + SMALL YU + U
326りゃ → rya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RI + SMALL YA
327りょ → ryo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RI + SMALL YO
328りゅ → ryu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RI + SMALL YU
329り → ri ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RI
330る → ru ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RU
331れ → re ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RE
332ろう → rō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RO + U
333ろ → ro ; # HIRAGANA LETTER RO
334わ → wa ; # HIRAGANA LETTER WA
335ゐ → i ; # HIRAGANA LETTER WI
336ゑ → e ; # HIRAGANA LETTER WE
337を → o ; # HIRAGANA LETTER WO
338ん → n ; # HIRAGANA LETTER N
339が → ga ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GA
340ぎょう → gyō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GI + SMALL YO + U
341ぎゅう → gyū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GI + SMALL YU + U
342ぎゃ → gya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GI + SMALL YA
343ぎょ → gyo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GI + SMALL YO
344ぎゅ → gyu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GI + SMALL YU
345ぎ → gi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GI
346ぐ → gu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GU
347げ → ge ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GE
348ごう → gō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GO + U
349ご → go ; # HIRAGANA LETTER GO
350ざ → za ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZA
351じょう → jō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YO + U
352じゅう → jū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YU + U
353じゃ → ja ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YA
354じょ → jo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YO
355じゅ → ju ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZI + SMALL YU
356じ → ji ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZI
357ず → zu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZU
358ぜ → ze ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZE
359ぞう → zō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZO + U
360ぞ → zo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER ZO
361だ → da ; # HIRAGANA LETTER DA
362ぢ → ji ; # HIRAGANA LETTER DI
363づ → zu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER DU
364で → de ; # HIRAGANA LETTER DE
365どう → dō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER DO + U
366ど → do ; # HIRAGANA LETTER DO
367ば → ba ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BA
368びょう → byō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BI + SMALL YO + U
369びゅう → byū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BI + SMALL YU + U
370びゃ → bya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BI + SMALL YA
371びょ → byo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BI + SMALL YO
372びゅ → byu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BI + SMALL YU
373び → bi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BI
374ぶ → bu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BU
375べ → be ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BE
376ぼう → bō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BO + U
377ぼ → bo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER BO
378ぱ → pa ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PA
379ぴょう → pyō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PI + SMALL YO + U
380ぴゅう → pyū ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PI + SMALL YU + U
381ぴゃ → pya ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PI + SMALL YA
382ぴょ → pyo ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PI + SMALL YO
383ぴゅ → pyu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PI + SMALL YU
384ぴ → pi ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PI
385ぷ → pu ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PU
386ぺ → pe ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PE
387ぽう → pō ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PO + U
388ぽ → po ; # HIRAGANA LETTER PO
389ゔ → v ; # HIRAGANA LETTER VU
390#
391#
392########################################################################
393
394