1# Example wpa_supplicant build time configuration 2# 3# This file lists the configuration options that are used when building the 4# wpa_supplicant binary. All lines starting with # are ignored. Configuration 5# option lines must be commented out complete, if they are not to be included, 6# i.e., just setting VARIABLE=n is not disabling that variable. 7# 8# This file is included in Makefile, so variables like CFLAGS and LIBS can also 9# be modified from here. In most cases, these lines should use += in order not 10# to override previous values of the variables. 11 12 13# Uncomment following two lines and fix the paths if you have installed OpenSSL 14# or GnuTLS in non-default location 15#CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/openssl/include 16#LIBS += -L/usr/local/openssl/lib 17 18# Some Red Hat versions seem to include kerberos header files from OpenSSL, but 19# the kerberos files are not in the default include path. Following line can be 20# used to fix build issues on such systems (krb5.h not found). 21#CFLAGS += -I/usr/include/kerberos 22 23# Driver interface for generic Linux wireless extensions 24# Note: WEXT is deprecated in the current Linux kernel version and no new 25# functionality is added to it. nl80211-based interface is the new 26# replacement for WEXT and its use allows wpa_supplicant to properly control 27# the driver to improve existing functionality like roaming and to support new 28# functionality. 29CONFIG_DRIVER_WEXT=y 30 31# Driver interface for Linux drivers using the nl80211 kernel interface 32CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y 33 34# QCA vendor extensions to nl80211 35#CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211_QCA=y 36 37# driver_nl80211.c requires libnl. If you are compiling it yourself 38# you may need to point hostapd to your version of libnl. 39# 40#CFLAGS += -I$<path to libnl include files> 41#LIBS += -L$<path to libnl library files> 42 43# Use libnl v2.0 (or 3.0) libraries. 44#CONFIG_LIBNL20=y 45 46# Use libnl 3.2 libraries (if this is selected, CONFIG_LIBNL20 is ignored) 47#CONFIG_LIBNL32=y 48 49 50# Driver interface for FreeBSD net80211 layer (e.g., Atheros driver) 51#CONFIG_DRIVER_BSD=y 52#CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include 53#LIBS += -L/usr/local/lib 54#LIBS_p += -L/usr/local/lib 55#LIBS_c += -L/usr/local/lib 56 57# Driver interface for Windows NDIS 58#CONFIG_DRIVER_NDIS=y 59#CFLAGS += -I/usr/include/w32api/ddk 60#LIBS += -L/usr/local/lib 61# For native build using mingw 62#CONFIG_NATIVE_WINDOWS=y 63# Additional directories for cross-compilation on Linux host for mingw target 64#CFLAGS += -I/opt/mingw/mingw32/include/ddk 65#LIBS += -L/opt/mingw/mingw32/lib 66#CC=mingw32-gcc 67# By default, driver_ndis uses WinPcap for low-level operations. This can be 68# replaced with the following option which replaces WinPcap calls with NDISUIO. 69# However, this requires that WZC is disabled (net stop wzcsvc) before starting 70# wpa_supplicant. 71# CONFIG_USE_NDISUIO=y 72 73# Driver interface for wired Ethernet drivers 74CONFIG_DRIVER_WIRED=y 75 76# Driver interface for the Broadcom RoboSwitch family 77#CONFIG_DRIVER_ROBOSWITCH=y 78 79# Driver interface for no driver (e.g., WPS ER only) 80#CONFIG_DRIVER_NONE=y 81 82# Solaris libraries 83#LIBS += -lsocket -ldlpi -lnsl 84#LIBS_c += -lsocket 85 86# Enable IEEE 802.1X Supplicant (automatically included if any EAP method is 87# included) 88CONFIG_IEEE8021X_EAPOL=y 89 90# EAP-MD5 91CONFIG_EAP_MD5=y 92 93# EAP-MSCHAPv2 94CONFIG_EAP_MSCHAPV2=y 95 96# EAP-TLS 97CONFIG_EAP_TLS=y 98 99# EAL-PEAP 100CONFIG_EAP_PEAP=y 101 102# EAP-TTLS 103CONFIG_EAP_TTLS=y 104 105# EAP-FAST 106# Note: If OpenSSL is used as the TLS library, OpenSSL 1.0 or newer is needed 107# for EAP-FAST support. Older OpenSSL releases would need to be patched, e.g., 108# with openssl-0.9.8x-tls-extensions.patch, to add the needed functions. 109#CONFIG_EAP_FAST=y 110 111# EAP-GTC 112CONFIG_EAP_GTC=y 113 114# EAP-OTP 115CONFIG_EAP_OTP=y 116 117# EAP-SIM (enable CONFIG_PCSC, if EAP-SIM is used) 118#CONFIG_EAP_SIM=y 119 120# EAP-PSK (experimental; this is _not_ needed for WPA-PSK) 121#CONFIG_EAP_PSK=y 122 123# EAP-pwd (secure authentication using only a password) 124#CONFIG_EAP_PWD=y 125 126# EAP-PAX 127#CONFIG_EAP_PAX=y 128 129# LEAP 130CONFIG_EAP_LEAP=y 131 132# EAP-AKA (enable CONFIG_PCSC, if EAP-AKA is used) 133#CONFIG_EAP_AKA=y 134 135# EAP-AKA' (enable CONFIG_PCSC, if EAP-AKA' is used). 136# This requires CONFIG_EAP_AKA to be enabled, too. 137#CONFIG_EAP_AKA_PRIME=y 138 139# Enable USIM simulator (Milenage) for EAP-AKA 140#CONFIG_USIM_SIMULATOR=y 141 142# EAP-SAKE 143#CONFIG_EAP_SAKE=y 144 145# EAP-GPSK 146#CONFIG_EAP_GPSK=y 147# Include support for optional SHA256 cipher suite in EAP-GPSK 148#CONFIG_EAP_GPSK_SHA256=y 149 150# EAP-TNC and related Trusted Network Connect support (experimental) 151#CONFIG_EAP_TNC=y 152 153# Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) 154#CONFIG_WPS=y 155# Enable WPS external registrar functionality 156#CONFIG_WPS_ER=y 157# Disable credentials for an open network by default when acting as a WPS 158# registrar. 159#CONFIG_WPS_REG_DISABLE_OPEN=y 160# Enable WPS support with NFC config method 161#CONFIG_WPS_NFC=y 162 163# EAP-IKEv2 164#CONFIG_EAP_IKEV2=y 165 166# EAP-EKE 167#CONFIG_EAP_EKE=y 168 169# PKCS#12 (PFX) support (used to read private key and certificate file from 170# a file that usually has extension .p12 or .pfx) 171CONFIG_PKCS12=y 172 173# Smartcard support (i.e., private key on a smartcard), e.g., with openssl 174# engine. 175CONFIG_SMARTCARD=y 176 177# PC/SC interface for smartcards (USIM, GSM SIM) 178# Enable this if EAP-SIM or EAP-AKA is included 179#CONFIG_PCSC=y 180 181# Support HT overrides (disable HT/HT40, mask MCS rates, etc.) 182#CONFIG_HT_OVERRIDES=y 183 184# Support VHT overrides (disable VHT, mask MCS rates, etc.) 185#CONFIG_VHT_OVERRIDES=y 186 187# Development testing 188#CONFIG_EAPOL_TEST=y 189 190# Select control interface backend for external programs, e.g, wpa_cli: 191# unix = UNIX domain sockets (default for Linux/*BSD) 192# udp = UDP sockets using localhost (127.0.0.1) 193# udp6 = UDP IPv6 sockets using localhost (::1) 194# named_pipe = Windows Named Pipe (default for Windows) 195# udp-remote = UDP sockets with remote access (only for tests systems/purpose) 196# udp6-remote = UDP IPv6 sockets with remote access (only for tests purpose) 197# y = use default (backwards compatibility) 198# If this option is commented out, control interface is not included in the 199# build. 200CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE=y 201 202# Include support for GNU Readline and History Libraries in wpa_cli. 203# When building a wpa_cli binary for distribution, please note that these 204# libraries are licensed under GPL and as such, BSD license may not apply for 205# the resulting binary. 206#CONFIG_READLINE=y 207 208# Include internal line edit mode in wpa_cli. This can be used as a replacement 209# for GNU Readline to provide limited command line editing and history support. 210#CONFIG_WPA_CLI_EDIT=y 211 212# Remove debugging code that is printing out debug message to stdout. 213# This can be used to reduce the size of the wpa_supplicant considerably 214# if debugging code is not needed. The size reduction can be around 35% 215# (e.g., 90 kB). 216#CONFIG_NO_STDOUT_DEBUG=y 217 218# Remove WPA support, e.g., for wired-only IEEE 802.1X supplicant, to save 219# 35-50 kB in code size. 220#CONFIG_NO_WPA=y 221 222# Remove IEEE 802.11i/WPA-Personal ASCII passphrase support 223# This option can be used to reduce code size by removing support for 224# converting ASCII passphrases into PSK. If this functionality is removed, the 225# PSK can only be configured as the 64-octet hexstring (e.g., from 226# wpa_passphrase). This saves about 0.5 kB in code size. 227#CONFIG_NO_WPA_PASSPHRASE=y 228 229# Disable scan result processing (ap_mode=1) to save code size by about 1 kB. 230# This can be used if ap_scan=1 mode is never enabled. 231#CONFIG_NO_SCAN_PROCESSING=y 232 233# Select configuration backend: 234# file = text file (e.g., wpa_supplicant.conf; note: the configuration file 235# path is given on command line, not here; this option is just used to 236# select the backend that allows configuration files to be used) 237# winreg = Windows registry (see win_example.reg for an example) 238CONFIG_BACKEND=file 239 240# Remove configuration write functionality (i.e., to allow the configuration 241# file to be updated based on runtime configuration changes). The runtime 242# configuration can still be changed, the changes are just not going to be 243# persistent over restarts. This option can be used to reduce code size by 244# about 3.5 kB. 245#CONFIG_NO_CONFIG_WRITE=y 246 247# Remove support for configuration blobs to reduce code size by about 1.5 kB. 248#CONFIG_NO_CONFIG_BLOBS=y 249 250# Select program entry point implementation: 251# main = UNIX/POSIX like main() function (default) 252# main_winsvc = Windows service (read parameters from registry) 253# main_none = Very basic example (development use only) 254#CONFIG_MAIN=main 255 256# Select wrapper for operating system and C library specific functions 257# unix = UNIX/POSIX like systems (default) 258# win32 = Windows systems 259# none = Empty template 260#CONFIG_OS=unix 261 262# Select event loop implementation 263# eloop = select() loop (default) 264# eloop_win = Windows events and WaitForMultipleObject() loop 265#CONFIG_ELOOP=eloop 266 267# Should we use poll instead of select? Select is used by default. 268#CONFIG_ELOOP_POLL=y 269 270# Should we use epoll instead of select? Select is used by default. 271#CONFIG_ELOOP_EPOLL=y 272 273# Should we use kqueue instead of select? Select is used by default. 274#CONFIG_ELOOP_KQUEUE=y 275 276# Select layer 2 packet implementation 277# linux = Linux packet socket (default) 278# pcap = libpcap/libdnet/WinPcap 279# freebsd = FreeBSD libpcap 280# winpcap = WinPcap with receive thread 281# ndis = Windows NDISUIO (note: requires CONFIG_USE_NDISUIO=y) 282# none = Empty template 283#CONFIG_L2_PACKET=linux 284 285# Disable Linux packet socket workaround applicable for station interface 286# in a bridge for EAPOL frames. This should be uncommented only if the kernel 287# is known to not have the regression issue in packet socket behavior with 288# bridge interfaces (commit 'bridge: respect RFC2863 operational state')'). 289#CONFIG_NO_LINUX_PACKET_SOCKET_WAR=y 290 291# IEEE 802.11w (management frame protection), also known as PMF 292# Driver support is also needed for IEEE 802.11w. 293#CONFIG_IEEE80211W=y 294 295# Select TLS implementation 296# openssl = OpenSSL (default) 297# gnutls = GnuTLS 298# internal = Internal TLSv1 implementation (experimental) 299# linux = Linux kernel AF_ALG and internal TLSv1 implementation (experimental) 300# none = Empty template 301#CONFIG_TLS=openssl 302 303# TLS-based EAP methods require at least TLS v1.0. Newer version of TLS (v1.1) 304# can be enabled to get a stronger construction of messages when block ciphers 305# are used. It should be noted that some existing TLS v1.0 -based 306# implementation may not be compatible with TLS v1.1 message (ClientHello is 307# sent prior to negotiating which version will be used) 308#CONFIG_TLSV11=y 309 310# TLS-based EAP methods require at least TLS v1.0. Newer version of TLS (v1.2) 311# can be enabled to enable use of stronger crypto algorithms. It should be 312# noted that some existing TLS v1.0 -based implementation may not be compatible 313# with TLS v1.2 message (ClientHello is sent prior to negotiating which version 314# will be used) 315#CONFIG_TLSV12=y 316 317# Select which ciphers to use by default with OpenSSL if the user does not 318# specify them. 319#CONFIG_TLS_DEFAULT_CIPHERS="DEFAULT:!EXP:!LOW" 320 321# If CONFIG_TLS=internal is used, additional library and include paths are 322# needed for LibTomMath. Alternatively, an integrated, minimal version of 323# LibTomMath can be used. See beginning of libtommath.c for details on benefits 324# and drawbacks of this option. 325#CONFIG_INTERNAL_LIBTOMMATH=y 326#ifndef CONFIG_INTERNAL_LIBTOMMATH 327#LTM_PATH=/usr/src/libtommath-0.39 328#CFLAGS += -I$(LTM_PATH) 329#LIBS += -L$(LTM_PATH) 330#LIBS_p += -L$(LTM_PATH) 331#endif 332# At the cost of about 4 kB of additional binary size, the internal LibTomMath 333# can be configured to include faster routines for exptmod, sqr, and div to 334# speed up DH and RSA calculation considerably 335#CONFIG_INTERNAL_LIBTOMMATH_FAST=y 336 337# Include NDIS event processing through WMI into wpa_supplicant/wpasvc. 338# This is only for Windows builds and requires WMI-related header files and 339# WbemUuid.Lib from Platform SDK even when building with MinGW. 340#CONFIG_NDIS_EVENTS_INTEGRATED=y 341#PLATFORMSDKLIB="/opt/Program Files/Microsoft Platform SDK/Lib" 342 343# Add support for old DBus control interface 344# (fi.epitest.hostap.WPASupplicant) 345#CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE_DBUS=y 346 347# Add support for new DBus control interface 348# (fi.w1.hostap.wpa_supplicant1) 349#CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE_DBUS_NEW=y 350 351# Add introspection support for new DBus control interface 352#CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE_DBUS_INTRO=y 353 354# Add support for loading EAP methods dynamically as shared libraries. 355# When this option is enabled, each EAP method can be either included 356# statically (CONFIG_EAP_<method>=y) or dynamically (CONFIG_EAP_<method>=dyn). 357# Dynamic EAP methods are build as shared objects (eap_*.so) and they need to 358# be loaded in the beginning of the wpa_supplicant configuration file 359# (see load_dynamic_eap parameter in the example file) before being used in 360# the network blocks. 361# 362# Note that some shared parts of EAP methods are included in the main program 363# and in order to be able to use dynamic EAP methods using these parts, the 364# main program must have been build with the EAP method enabled (=y or =dyn). 365# This means that EAP-TLS/PEAP/TTLS/FAST cannot be added as dynamic libraries 366# unless at least one of them was included in the main build to force inclusion 367# of the shared code. Similarly, at least one of EAP-SIM/AKA must be included 368# in the main build to be able to load these methods dynamically. 369# 370# Please also note that using dynamic libraries will increase the total binary 371# size. Thus, it may not be the best option for targets that have limited 372# amount of memory/flash. 373#CONFIG_DYNAMIC_EAP_METHODS=y 374 375# IEEE Std 802.11r-2008 (Fast BSS Transition) for station mode 376#CONFIG_IEEE80211R=y 377 378# IEEE Std 802.11r-2008 (Fast BSS Transition) for AP mode (implies 379# CONFIG_IEEE80211R). 380#CONFIG_IEEE80211R_AP=y 381 382# Add support for writing debug log to a file (/tmp/wpa_supplicant-log-#.txt) 383#CONFIG_DEBUG_FILE=y 384 385# Send debug messages to syslog instead of stdout 386#CONFIG_DEBUG_SYSLOG=y 387# Set syslog facility for debug messages 388#CONFIG_DEBUG_SYSLOG_FACILITY=LOG_DAEMON 389 390# Add support for sending all debug messages (regardless of debug verbosity) 391# to the Linux kernel tracing facility. This helps debug the entire stack by 392# making it easy to record everything happening from the driver up into the 393# same file, e.g., using trace-cmd. 394#CONFIG_DEBUG_LINUX_TRACING=y 395 396# Add support for writing debug log to Android logcat instead of standard 397# output 398#CONFIG_ANDROID_LOG=y 399 400# Enable privilege separation (see README 'Privilege separation' for details) 401#CONFIG_PRIVSEP=y 402 403# Enable mitigation against certain attacks against TKIP by delaying Michael 404# MIC error reports by a random amount of time between 0 and 60 seconds 405#CONFIG_DELAYED_MIC_ERROR_REPORT=y 406 407# Enable tracing code for developer debugging 408# This tracks use of memory allocations and other registrations and reports 409# incorrect use with a backtrace of call (or allocation) location. 410#CONFIG_WPA_TRACE=y 411# For BSD, uncomment these. 412#LIBS += -lexecinfo 413#LIBS_p += -lexecinfo 414#LIBS_c += -lexecinfo 415 416# Use libbfd to get more details for developer debugging 417# This enables use of libbfd to get more detailed symbols for the backtraces 418# generated by CONFIG_WPA_TRACE=y. 419#CONFIG_WPA_TRACE_BFD=y 420# For BSD, uncomment these. 421#LIBS += -lbfd -liberty -lz 422#LIBS_p += -lbfd -liberty -lz 423#LIBS_c += -lbfd -liberty -lz 424 425# wpa_supplicant depends on strong random number generation being available 426# from the operating system. os_get_random() function is used to fetch random 427# data when needed, e.g., for key generation. On Linux and BSD systems, this 428# works by reading /dev/urandom. It should be noted that the OS entropy pool 429# needs to be properly initialized before wpa_supplicant is started. This is 430# important especially on embedded devices that do not have a hardware random 431# number generator and may by default start up with minimal entropy available 432# for random number generation. 433# 434# As a safety net, wpa_supplicant is by default trying to internally collect 435# additional entropy for generating random data to mix in with the data fetched 436# from the OS. This by itself is not considered to be very strong, but it may 437# help in cases where the system pool is not initialized properly. However, it 438# is very strongly recommended that the system pool is initialized with enough 439# entropy either by using hardware assisted random number generator or by 440# storing state over device reboots. 441# 442# wpa_supplicant can be configured to maintain its own entropy store over 443# restarts to enhance random number generation. This is not perfect, but it is 444# much more secure than using the same sequence of random numbers after every 445# reboot. This can be enabled with -e<entropy file> command line option. The 446# specified file needs to be readable and writable by wpa_supplicant. 447# 448# If the os_get_random() is known to provide strong random data (e.g., on 449# Linux/BSD, the board in question is known to have reliable source of random 450# data from /dev/urandom), the internal wpa_supplicant random pool can be 451# disabled. This will save some in binary size and CPU use. However, this 452# should only be considered for builds that are known to be used on devices 453# that meet the requirements described above. 454#CONFIG_NO_RANDOM_POOL=y 455 456# IEEE 802.11n (High Throughput) support (mainly for AP mode) 457#CONFIG_IEEE80211N=y 458 459# IEEE 802.11ac (Very High Throughput) support (mainly for AP mode) 460# (depends on CONFIG_IEEE80211N) 461#CONFIG_IEEE80211AC=y 462 463# Wireless Network Management (IEEE Std 802.11v-2011) 464# Note: This is experimental and not complete implementation. 465#CONFIG_WNM=y 466 467# Interworking (IEEE 802.11u) 468# This can be used to enable functionality to improve interworking with 469# external networks (GAS/ANQP to learn more about the networks and network 470# selection based on available credentials). 471#CONFIG_INTERWORKING=y 472 473# Hotspot 2.0 474#CONFIG_HS20=y 475 476# Enable interface matching in wpa_supplicant 477#CONFIG_MATCH_IFACE=y 478 479# Disable roaming in wpa_supplicant 480#CONFIG_NO_ROAMING=y 481 482# AP mode operations with wpa_supplicant 483# This can be used for controlling AP mode operations with wpa_supplicant. It 484# should be noted that this is mainly aimed at simple cases like 485# WPA2-Personal while more complex configurations like WPA2-Enterprise with an 486# external RADIUS server can be supported with hostapd. 487#CONFIG_AP=y 488 489# P2P (Wi-Fi Direct) 490# This can be used to enable P2P support in wpa_supplicant. See README-P2P for 491# more information on P2P operations. 492#CONFIG_P2P=y 493 494# Enable TDLS support 495#CONFIG_TDLS=y 496 497# Wi-Fi Direct 498# This can be used to enable Wi-Fi Direct extensions for P2P using an external 499# program to control the additional information exchanges in the messages. 500#CONFIG_WIFI_DISPLAY=y 501 502# Autoscan 503# This can be used to enable automatic scan support in wpa_supplicant. 504# See wpa_supplicant.conf for more information on autoscan usage. 505# 506# Enabling directly a module will enable autoscan support. 507# For exponential module: 508#CONFIG_AUTOSCAN_EXPONENTIAL=y 509# For periodic module: 510#CONFIG_AUTOSCAN_PERIODIC=y 511 512# Password (and passphrase, etc.) backend for external storage 513# These optional mechanisms can be used to add support for storing passwords 514# and other secrets in external (to wpa_supplicant) location. This allows, for 515# example, operating system specific key storage to be used 516# 517# External password backend for testing purposes (developer use) 518#CONFIG_EXT_PASSWORD_TEST=y 519 520# Enable Fast Session Transfer (FST) 521#CONFIG_FST=y 522 523# Enable CLI commands for FST testing 524#CONFIG_FST_TEST=y 525 526# OS X builds. This is only for building eapol_test. 527#CONFIG_OSX=y 528 529# Automatic Channel Selection 530# This will allow wpa_supplicant to pick the channel automatically when channel 531# is set to "0". 532# 533# TODO: Extend parser to be able to parse "channel=acs_survey" as an alternative 534# to "channel=0". This would enable us to eventually add other ACS algorithms in 535# similar way. 536# 537# Automatic selection is currently only done through initialization, later on 538# we hope to do background checks to keep us moving to more ideal channels as 539# time goes by. ACS is currently only supported through the nl80211 driver and 540# your driver must have survey dump capability that is filled by the driver 541# during scanning. 542# 543# TODO: In analogy to hostapd be able to customize the ACS survey algorithm with 544# a newly to create wpa_supplicant.conf variable acs_num_scans. 545# 546# Supported ACS drivers: 547# * ath9k 548# * ath5k 549# * ath10k 550# 551# For more details refer to: 552# http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Documentation/acs 553#CONFIG_ACS=y 554 555# Support Multi Band Operation 556#CONFIG_MBO=y 557 558# Fast Initial Link Setup (FILS) (IEEE 802.11ai) 559# Note: This is an experimental and not yet complete implementation. This 560# should not be enabled for production use. 561#CONFIG_FILS=y 562# FILS shared key authentication with PFS 563#CONFIG_FILS_SK_PFS=y 564 565# Support RSN on IBSS networks 566# This is needed to be able to use mode=1 network profile with proto=RSN and 567# key_mgmt=WPA-PSK (i.e., full key management instead of WPA-None). 568#CONFIG_IBSS_RSN=y 569 570# External PMKSA cache control 571# This can be used to enable control interface commands that allow the current 572# PMKSA cache entries to be fetched and new entries to be added. 573#CONFIG_PMKSA_CACHE_EXTERNAL=y 574 575# Mesh Networking (IEEE 802.11s) 576#CONFIG_MESH=y 577 578# Background scanning modules 579# These can be used to request wpa_supplicant to perform background scanning 580# operations for roaming within an ESS (same SSID). See the bgscan parameter in 581# the wpa_supplicant.conf file for more details. 582# Periodic background scans based on signal strength 583#CONFIG_BGSCAN_SIMPLE=y 584# Learn channels used by the network and try to avoid bgscans on other 585# channels (experimental) 586#CONFIG_BGSCAN_LEARN=y 587 588# Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE) 589# Experimental implementation of draft-harkins-owe-07.txt 590#CONFIG_OWE=y 591