1 2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver 3 ========================================== 4 Configuration guide 5 6 7Kernel Configuration 8==================== 9 10To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with 11primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS, 12you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules. 13 14Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and 15PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA. 16 17If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as 18SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support" 19(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER). 20 21To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk" 22and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory" 23too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards. 24 25Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API 26(if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards 27using isapnptools. 28 29 30Creating ALSA devices 31===================== 32 33This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV 34script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a 35script named 'snddevices'. 36 37 38Module parameters 39================= 40 41The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than 42one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can 43specify multiple values for the option separated by commas. 44 45Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed. 46 47 Module snd 48 ---------- 49 50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers. 51 It takes the following options which have global effects. 52 53 major - major number for sound driver 54 - Default: 116 55 cards_limit 56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8) 57 - Default: 1 58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this 59 option together with snd-card-X aliases. 60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver. 61 This option takes multiple strings. 62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details. 63 64 Module snd-pcm-oss 65 ------------------ 66 67 The PCM OSS emulation module. 68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices. 69 70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device. 71 - Default: 0 72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device. 73 - Default: 1 74 nonblock_open 75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1 76 77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of 78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped 79 to PCM #0 of the card #0. 80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with 81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1". 82 83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM 84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero, 85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return 86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag). 87 88 Module snd-rawmidi 89 ------------------ 90 91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices. 92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module. 93 94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device. 95 - Default: 0 96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device. 97 - Default: 1 98 99 Common parameters for top sound card modules 100 -------------------------------------------- 101 102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options. 103 104 index - index (slot #) of sound card 105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative 106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number 107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible 108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned 109 - Default: -1 110 id - card ID (identifier or name) 111 - Can be up to 15 characters long 112 - Default: the card type 113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/ 114 containing information about the card 115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in 116 identifying the card 117 enable - enable card 118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards 119 120 Module snd-adlib 121 ---------------- 122 123 Module for AdLib FM cards. 124 125 port - port # for OPL chip 126 127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so 128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388. 129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM 130 synthesis. 131 132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and, 133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port 134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output: 135 136 Port Client name Port name 137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port 138 139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload: 140 141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb 142 143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3 144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils: 145 146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid 147 148 Module snd-ad1816a 149 ------------------ 150 151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips. 152 153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz) 154 155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP. 156 157 Module snd-ad1848 158 ----------------- 159 160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips. 161 162 port - port # for AD1848 chip 163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip 164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3) 165 166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe 167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional. 168 169 The power-management is supported. 170 171 Module snd-ad1889 172 ----------------- 173 174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips. 175 176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware 177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details. 178 179 This module supports multiple cards. 180 181 Module snd-ali5451 182 ------------------ 183 184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip. 185 186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM 187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O 188 - Default: disabled 189 190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe. 191 192 The power-management is supported. 193 194 Module snd-als100 195 ----------------- 196 197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips. 198 199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP. 200 201 The power-management is supported. 202 203 Module snd-als300 204 ----------------- 205 206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+ 207 208 This module supports multiple cards. 209 210 The power-management is supported. 211 212 Module snd-als4000 213 ------------------ 214 215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip. 216 217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support. 218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect 219 220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP. 221 222 The power-management is supported. 223 224 Module snd-atiixp 225 ----------------- 226 227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers. 228 229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000) 230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware 231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below. 232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec 233 instead of probing. If this works for you 234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output. 235 -2 -- Force probing. 236 -1 -- Default behavior. 237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec. 238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1) 239 240 This module supports one card and autoprobe. 241 242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is 243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The 244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to 245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option. 246 247 The power-management is supported. 248 249 Module snd-atiixp-modem 250 ----------------------- 251 252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers. 253 254 This module supports one card and autoprobe. 255 256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first 257 slot is excluded. 258 259 The power-management is supported. 260 261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830 262 ----------------------------------------- 263 264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device. 265 266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds 267 0 = Disable all workarounds 268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff 269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient 270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge 271 3 = Force both settings 272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default) 273 274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware 275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development. 276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at 277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/ 278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the 279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru. 280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and 281 Advantage. 282 283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate 284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try 285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works). 286 287 Module snd-aw2 288 -------------- 289 290 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card 291 292 This module supports multiple cards. 293 294 Module snd-azt2320 295 ------------------ 296 297 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only). 298 299 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe. 300 301 The power-management is supported. 302 303 Module snd-azt3328 304 ------------------ 305 306 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip. 307 308 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) 309 310 This module supports multiple cards. 311 312 Module snd-bt87x 313 ---------------- 314 315 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips. 316 317 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz) 318 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known 319 320 This module supports multiple cards. 321 322 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first 323 slot is excluded. 324 325 Module snd-ca0106 326 ----------------- 327 328 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit 329 330 This module supports multiple cards. 331 332 333 Module snd-cmi8330 334 ------------------ 335 336 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips. 337 338 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 339 340 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 341 342 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS) 343 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS) 344 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS) 345 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) 346 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) 347 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) 348 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) 349 350 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 351 352 The power-management is supported. 353 354 Module snd-cmipci 355 ----------------- 356 357 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards. 358 359 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only): 360 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port, 361 0 = disable (default) 362 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only): 363 0x388 = legacy port, 364 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738), 365 0 = disable 366 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) 367 (default = 1) 368 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect) 369 370 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. 371 372 The power-management is supported. 373 374 Module snd-cs4231 375 ----------------- 376 377 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips. 378 379 port - port # for CS4231 chip 380 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable 381 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip 382 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART 383 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip 384 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip 385 386 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe 387 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional. 388 389 The power-management is supported. 390 391 Module snd-cs4232 392 ----------------- 393 394 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips. 395 396 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 397 398 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 399 400 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534) 401 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00) 402 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable 403 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable 404 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15) 405 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15) 406 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3) 407 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable 408 409 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe 410 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are 411 optional. 412 413 The power-management is supported. 414 415 Module snd-cs4236 416 ----------------- 417 418 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/ 419 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips. 420 421 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 422 423 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 424 425 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534) 426 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00) 427 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable 428 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable 429 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15) 430 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15) 431 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3) 432 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable 433 434 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe 435 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be 436 specified!!! Other ports are optional. 437 438 The power-management is supported. 439 440 Module snd-cs4281 441 ----------------- 442 443 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip. 444 445 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default) 446 447 This module supports multiple cards. 448 449 The power-management is supported. 450 451 Module snd-cs46xx 452 ----------------- 453 454 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/ 455 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips. 456 457 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier. 458 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control. 459 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0). 460 461 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 462 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically 463 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options 464 above explicitly. 465 466 The power-management is supported. 467 468 Module snd-cs5530 469 _________________ 470 471 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip. 472 473 Module snd-cs5535audio 474 ---------------------- 475 476 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device 477 478 The power-management is supported. 479 480 Module snd-darla20 481 ------------------ 482 483 Module for Echoaudio Darla20 484 485 This module supports multiple cards. 486 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 487 488 Module snd-darla24 489 ------------------ 490 491 Module for Echoaudio Darla24 492 493 This module supports multiple cards. 494 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 495 496 Module snd-dt019x 497 ----------------- 498 499 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP 500 only) 501 502 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with 503 ISA PnP support. 504 505 The power-management is supported. 506 507 Module snd-dummy 508 ---------------- 509 510 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output 511 or input, but you may use this module for any application which 512 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer). 513 514 The power-management is supported. 515 516 Module snd-echo3g 517 ----------------- 518 519 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G) 520 521 This module supports multiple cards. 522 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 523 524 Module snd-emu10k1 525 ------------------ 526 527 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards. 528 * Sound Blaster Live! 529 * Sound Blaster PCI 512 530 * Emu APS (partially supported) 531 * Sound Blaster Audigy 532 533 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow) 534 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow) 535 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default) 536 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default) 537 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers 538 given in MB unit. Default value is 128. 539 enable_ir - enable IR 540 541 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 542 543 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout] 544 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03] 545 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f] 546 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f] 547 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3] 548 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf] 549 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf] 550 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f] 551 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f] 552 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f] 553 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff] 554 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff] 555 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff] 556 557 The power-management is supported. 558 559 Module snd-emu10k1x 560 ------------------- 561 562 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version) 563 564 This module supports multiple cards. 565 566 Module snd-ens1370 567 ------------------ 568 569 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards. 570 * SoundBlaster PCI 64 571 * SoundBlaster PCI 128 572 573 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) 574 575 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 576 577 The power-management is supported. 578 579 Module snd-ens1371 580 ------------------ 581 582 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards. 583 * SoundBlaster PCI 64 584 * SoundBlaster PCI 128 585 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI 586 587 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 588 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect 589 590 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 591 592 The power-management is supported. 593 594 Module snd-es968 595 ---------------- 596 597 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only). 598 599 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe. 600 601 The power-management is supported. 602 603 Module snd-es1688 604 ----------------- 605 606 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards. 607 608 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) 609 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default) 610 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10) 611 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10) 612 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3) 613 614 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port). 615 616 Module snd-es18xx 617 ----------------- 618 619 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards. 620 621 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 622 623 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 624 625 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) 626 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default) 627 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used) 628 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10) 629 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3) 630 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3) 631 632 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401 633 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used). 634 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex. 635 636 The power-management is supported. 637 638 Module snd-es1938 639 ----------------- 640 641 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips. 642 643 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 644 645 The power-management is supported. 646 647 Module snd-es1968 648 ----------------- 649 650 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips. 651 652 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB) 653 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2) 654 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0) 655 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection) 656 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 657 2 = auto (default)) 658 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default)) 659 joystick - enable joystick (default off) 660 661 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 662 663 The power-management is supported. 664 665 Module snd-fm801 666 ---------------- 667 668 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards. 669 670 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner 671 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS 672 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR 673 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR 674 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1 675 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1) 676 677 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 678 679 The power-management is supported. 680 681 Module snd-gina20 682 ----------------- 683 684 Module for Echoaudio Gina20 685 686 This module supports multiple cards. 687 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 688 689 Module snd-gina24 690 ----------------- 691 692 Module for Echoaudio Gina24 693 694 This module supports multiple cards. 695 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 696 697 Module snd-gusclassic 698 --------------------- 699 700 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card. 701 702 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) 703 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) 704 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7) 705 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) 706 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) 707 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32) 708 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices 709 710 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 711 712 Module snd-gusextreme 713 --------------------- 714 715 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card. 716 717 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) 718 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270) 719 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable 720 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10) 721 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) 722 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10) 723 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3) 724 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7) 725 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) 726 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32) 727 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices 728 729 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port). 730 731 Module snd-gusmax 732 ----------------- 733 734 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card. 735 736 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) 737 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) 738 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7) 739 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) 740 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) 741 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32) 742 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices 743 744 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 745 746 Module snd-hda-intel 747 -------------------- 748 749 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, 750 PCH, SCH), 751 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620, 752 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, 753 VIA VT8251/VT8237A, 754 SIS966, ULI M5461 755 756 [Multiple options for each card instance] 757 model - force the model name 758 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF) 759 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots) 760 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off); 761 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging 762 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples. 763 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate 764 value based on the controller chip. 765 766 [Single (global) options] 767 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with 768 codecs (for debugging only) 769 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off) 770 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 = 771 disable) 772 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode 773 (default = on) 774 775 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 776 777 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about 778 HD-audio driver. 779 780 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations. 781 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal) 782 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to 783 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different 784 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models 785 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt 786 787 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this 788 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without 789 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging. 790 791 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above 792 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh 793 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel 794 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses"). 795 796 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving 797 mode. See powersave.txt for details. 798 799 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option 800 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB 801 register value without FIFO size correction as the current 802 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use 803 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register. 804 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the 805 position buffer.) 806 807 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at 808 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq 809 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you 810 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the 811 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the 812 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the 813 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get 814 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently 815 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be 816 avoided as much as possible... 817 818 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS: 819 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option 820 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead. 821 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot 822 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio 823 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling 824 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec 825 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option. 826 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and 827 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot. 828 829 The power-management is supported. 830 831 Module snd-hdsp 832 --------------- 833 834 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s) 835 836 This module supports multiple cards. 837 838 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug 839 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load 840 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools 841 package. 842 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package. 843 844 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem 845 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance 846 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer 847 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early 848 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation" 849 section. 850 851 Module snd-hdspm 852 ---------------- 853 854 Module for RME HDSP MADI board. 855 856 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable. 857 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default. 858 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default. 859 860 See hdspm.txt for details. 861 862 Module snd-hifier 863 ----------------- 864 865 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card. 866 867 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. 868 869 Module snd-ice1712 870 ------------------ 871 872 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards. 873 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010 874 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT 875 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496 876 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66 877 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44 878 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410 879 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496 880 * TerraTec EWS 88MT 881 * TerraTec EWS 88D 882 * TerraTec EWX 24/96 883 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire 884 * TerraTec Phase 88 885 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 886 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value 887 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1 888 * Event Electronics, EZ8 889 * Digigram VX442 890 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton 891 * Terrasoniq TS 88 892 893 model - Use the given board model, one of the following: 894 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410, 895 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d, 896 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8, 897 phase88, mediastation 898 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66 899 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) 900 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec) 901 902 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part 903 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta 904 serie). 905 906 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI 907 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the 908 model by passing "model" module option in case that the 909 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another 910 type for testing. 911 912 Module snd-ice1724 913 ------------------ 914 915 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards. 916 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1 917 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1 918 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192 919 * AMP Ltd AUDIO2000 920 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky 921 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space 922 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe 923 * TerraTec Phase 22 924 * TerraTec Phase 28 925 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 926 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT 927 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT 928 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI 929 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2 930 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192 931 * Pontis MS300 932 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II 933 * Chaintech ZNF3-150 934 * Chaintech ZNF3-250 935 * Chaintech 9CJS 936 * Chaintech AV-710 937 * Shuttle SN25P 938 * Onkyo SE-90PCI 939 * Onkyo SE-200PCI 940 * ESI Juli@ 941 * Hercules Fortissimo IV 942 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M 943 944 model - Use the given board model, one of the following: 945 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt, 946 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192, 947 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800, 948 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci, 949 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M 950 951 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 952 953 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI 954 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the 955 model by passing "model" module option in case that the 956 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another 957 type for testing. 958 959 Module snd-indigo 960 ----------------- 961 962 Module for Echoaudio Indigo 963 964 This module supports multiple cards. 965 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 966 967 Module snd-indigodj 968 ------------------- 969 970 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ 971 972 This module supports multiple cards. 973 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 974 975 Module snd-indigoio 976 ------------------- 977 978 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO 979 980 This module supports multiple cards. 981 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 982 983 Module snd-intel8x0 984 ------------------- 985 986 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles. 987 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 988 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2 989 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735) 990 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 991 CK8, CK8S, MCP501 992 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111 993 * ALi m5455 994 995 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect) 996 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware 997 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below. 998 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some 999 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips, 1000 otherwise off) 1001 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy 1002 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops) 1003 (default off) 1004 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection 1005 from the controller chip 1006 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default) 1007 1008 This module supports one chip and autoprobe. 1009 1010 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock. 1011 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock 1012 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194". 1013 1014 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your 1015 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401 1016 modules, respectively. 1017 1018 The power-management is supported. 1019 1020 Module snd-intel8x0m 1021 -------------------- 1022 1023 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems. 1024 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 1025 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7 1026 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735) 1027 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3 1028 * AMD AMD8111 1029 * ALi m5455 1030 1031 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect) 1032 1033 This module supports one card and autoprobe. 1034 1035 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first 1036 slot is excluded. 1037 1038 The power-management is supported. 1039 1040 Module snd-interwave 1041 -------------------- 1042 1043 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32 1044 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip. 1045 1046 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) 1047 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default) 1048 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2) 1049 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); 1050 requires 8 voices 1051 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1052 1053 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1054 1055 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) 1056 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) 1057 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7) 1058 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) 1059 1060 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP. 1061 1062 Module snd-interwave-stb 1063 ------------------------ 1064 1065 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq) 1066 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T 1067 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume. 1068 1069 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) 1070 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default) 1071 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2) 1072 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); 1073 requires 8 voices 1074 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1075 1076 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1077 1078 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) 1079 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380) 1080 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) 1081 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7) 1082 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) 1083 1084 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP. 1085 1086 Module snd-korg1212 1087 ------------------- 1088 1089 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card 1090 1091 This module supports multiple cards. 1092 1093 Module snd-layla20 1094 ------------------ 1095 1096 Module for Echoaudio Layla20 1097 1098 This module supports multiple cards. 1099 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 1100 1101 Module snd-layla24 1102 ------------------ 1103 1104 Module for Echoaudio Layla24 1105 1106 This module supports multiple cards. 1107 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 1108 1109 Module snd-maestro3 1110 ------------------- 1111 1112 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips 1113 1114 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default) 1115 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or 1116 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for 1117 others) 1118 1119 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips. 1120 1121 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware. 1122 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to 1123 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option. 1124 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d" 1125 option. 1126 1127 The power-management is supported. 1128 1129 Module snd-mia 1130 --------------- 1131 1132 Module for Echoaudio Mia 1133 1134 This module supports multiple cards. 1135 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 1136 1137 Module snd-miro 1138 --------------- 1139 1140 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, 1141 miroSOUND PCM 12, 1142 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio. 1143 1144 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40) 1145 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11) 1146 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3) 1147 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1) 1148 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) 1149 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10) 1150 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388) 1151 wss - enable WSS mode 1152 ide - enable onboard ide support 1153 1154 Module snd-mixart 1155 ----------------- 1156 1157 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards. 1158 1159 This module supports multiple cards. 1160 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards. 1161 See MIXART.txt for details. 1162 1163 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware 1164 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically. 1165 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package. 1166 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the 1167 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package. 1168 1169 Module snd-mona 1170 --------------- 1171 1172 Module for Echoaudio Mona 1173 1174 This module supports multiple cards. 1175 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 1176 1177 Module snd-mpu401 1178 ----------------- 1179 1180 Module for MPU-401 UART devices. 1181 1182 port - port number or -1 (disable) 1183 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable) 1184 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1185 1186 This module supports multiple devices and PnP. 1187 1188 Module snd-mtpav 1189 ---------------- 1190 1191 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel 1192 port). 1193 1194 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378) 1195 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7) 1196 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8. 1197 1198 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option. 1199 1200 Module snd-mts64 1201 ---------------- 1202 1203 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140 1204 1205 This module supports multiple devices. 1206 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT). 1207 1208 Module snd-nm256 1209 ---------------- 1210 1211 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips 1212 1213 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB) 1214 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB) 1215 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default) 1216 buffer_top - specify buffer top address 1217 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default) 1218 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800 1219 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops 1220 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some 1221 other laptops 1222 1223 This module supports one chip and autoprobe. 1224 1225 The power-management is supported. 1226 1227 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected 1228 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization. 1229 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via 1230 the buffer_top option. 1231 For example, 1232 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800 1233 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800 1234 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force 1235 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a 1236 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it 1237 works! 1238 1239 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97 1240 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work 1241 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips, 1242 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try 1243 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP 1244 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0 1245 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP. 1246 1247 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the 1248 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this 1249 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a 1250 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option. 1251 1252 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding 1253 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is 1254 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the 1255 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help. 1256 1257 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the 1258 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering. 1259 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after* 1260 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load 1261 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that 1262 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of 1263 problem. 1264 1265 Module snd-opl3sa2 1266 ------------------ 1267 1268 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards. 1269 1270 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1271 1272 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1273 1274 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370) 1275 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240) 1276 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) 1277 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable 1278 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable 1279 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10) 1280 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3) 1281 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable 1282 1283 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support 1284 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!! 1285 1286 The power-management is supported. 1287 1288 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848 1289 ------------------------- 1290 1291 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips. 1292 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well. 1293 1294 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1295 1296 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1297 1298 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) 1299 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) 1300 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388) 1301 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11) 1302 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10) 1303 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) 1304 1305 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP. 1306 1307 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231 1308 ------------------------- 1309 1310 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips. 1311 1312 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1313 1314 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1315 1316 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) 1317 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) 1318 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388) 1319 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11) 1320 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10) 1321 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) 1322 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) 1323 1324 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP. 1325 1326 Module snd-opti93x 1327 ------------------ 1328 1329 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips. 1330 1331 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1332 1333 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1334 1335 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) 1336 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) 1337 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388) 1338 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11) 1339 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10) 1340 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) 1341 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) 1342 1343 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP. 1344 1345 Module snd-oxygen 1346 ----------------- 1347 1348 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip: 1349 * Asound A-8788 1350 * AuzenTech X-Meridian 1351 * Bgears b-Enspirer 1352 * Club3D Theatron DTS 1353 * HT-Omega Claro (plus) 1354 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT) 1355 * Razer Barracuda AC-1 1356 * Sondigo Inferno 1357 1358 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. 1359 1360 Module snd-pcsp 1361 ----------------- 1362 1363 Module for internal PC-Speaker. 1364 1365 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound. 1366 1367 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and 1368 even a few mixer controls. 1369 1370 Module snd-pcxhr 1371 ---------------- 1372 1373 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards 1374 1375 This module supports multiple cards. 1376 1377 Module snd-portman2x4 1378 --------------------- 1379 1380 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface 1381 1382 This module supports multiple cards. 1383 1384 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only) 1385 --------------------------------- 1386 1387 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips 1388 1389 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default) 1390 1391 Module supports autoprobe a chip. 1392 1393 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess. 1394 1395 The power-management is supported. 1396 1397 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only) 1398 ------------------------------------ 1399 1400 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip 1401 1402 For ARM architecture only. 1403 1404 The power-management is supported. 1405 1406 Module snd-riptide 1407 ------------------ 1408 1409 Module for Conexant Riptide chip 1410 1411 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200) 1412 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330) 1413 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388) 1414 1415 This module supports multiple cards. 1416 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. 1417 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard 1418 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware). 1419 1420 Module snd-rme32 1421 ---------------- 1422 1423 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32, 1424 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards. 1425 1426 This module supports multiple cards. 1427 1428 Module snd-rme96 1429 ---------------- 1430 1431 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards. 1432 1433 This module supports multiple cards. 1434 1435 Module snd-rme9652 1436 ------------------ 1437 1438 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards. 1439 1440 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). 1441 (default = 0) 1442 1443 This module supports multiple cards. 1444 1445 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem 1446 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance 1447 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer 1448 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early 1449 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation" 1450 section. 1451 1452 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only) 1453 --------------------------------------- 1454 1455 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card. 1456 1457 Module supports only one card. 1458 Module has no enable and index options. 1459 1460 The power-management is supported. 1461 1462 Module snd-sb8 1463 -------------- 1464 1465 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, 1466 SoundBlaster 2.0, 1467 SoundBlaster Pro 1468 1469 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) 1470 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10) 1471 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3) 1472 1473 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 1474 1475 The power-management is supported. 1476 1477 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe 1478 ----------------------------- 1479 1480 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP), 1481 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), 1482 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP 1483 1484 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1485 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable 1486 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1487 1488 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1489 1490 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) 1491 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable 1492 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) 1493 (snd-sbawe module only) 1494 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10) 1495 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3) 1496 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7) 1497 1498 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP. 1499 1500 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must 1501 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter. 1502 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit 1503 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their 1504 16-bit DMA channel. 1505 1506 The power-management is supported. 1507 1508 Module snd-sc6000 1509 ----------------- 1510 1511 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard. 1512 1513 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240) 1514 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80) 1515 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11) 1516 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq 1517 dma - DMA # (1,3,0) 1518 1519 This module supports multiple cards. 1520 1521 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302. 1522 1523 Module snd-sgalaxy 1524 ------------------ 1525 1526 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card. 1527 1528 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240) 1529 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) 1530 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11) 1531 dma1 - DMA # 1532 1533 This module supports multiple cards. 1534 1535 The power-management is supported. 1536 1537 Module snd-sscape 1538 ----------------- 1539 1540 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards. 1541 1542 port - Port # (PnP setup) 1543 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup) 1544 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup) 1545 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup) 1546 dma - DMA # (PnP setup) 1547 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable) 1548 1549 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled. 1550 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading 1551 the microcode. 1552 1553 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only) 1554 -------------------------------------- 1555 1556 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs. 1557 1558 This module supports multiple cards. 1559 1560 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only) 1561 ------------------------------------- 1562 1563 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs. 1564 1565 This module supports multiple cards. 1566 1567 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only) 1568 ----------------------------------- 1569 1570 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs. 1571 1572 This module supports multiple cards. 1573 1574 Module snd-wavefront 1575 -------------------- 1576 1577 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards. 1578 1579 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface 1580 (inaccessibly located inside your computer) 1581 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) 1582 1583 with isapnp=0, the following options are available: 1584 1585 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface. 1586 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15). 1587 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface. 1588 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15). 1589 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115 1590 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115 1591 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port # 1592 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface. 1593 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface. 1594 1595 The below are options for wavefront_synth features: 1596 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no) 1597 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is 1598 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway. 1599 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes) 1600 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is 1601 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the 1602 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for 1603 "default" operation, whatever that means. 1604 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization 1605 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs 1606 (default:150) 1607 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput 1608 based on my limited experimentation. 1609 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be 1610 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us 1611 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible, 1612 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole 1613 CPU. 1614 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status 1615 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep. 1616 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply 1617 (default: 100) 1618 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait 1619 (default: 50) 1620 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware 1621 (default:wavefront.os) 1622 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent 1623 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it 1624 must be installed in the proper path, typically, 1625 /lib/firmware. 1626 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect 1627 (default:2) 1628 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test 1629 (default:20) 1630 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS 1631 (default:10) 1632 1633 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. 1634 1635 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier 1636 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and 1637 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware. 1638 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error 1639 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel. 1640 1641 Module snd-sonicvibes 1642 --------------------- 1643 1644 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards. 1645 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI 1646 1647 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default) 1648 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this. 1649 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default) 1650 1651 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 1652 1653 Module snd-serial-u16550 1654 ------------------------ 1655 1656 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports. 1657 1658 port - port # for UART16550A chip 1659 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode 1660 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200) 1661 38400 = default 1662 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800) 1663 115200 = default 1664 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4) 1665 1 = default 1666 adaptor - Type of adaptor. 1667 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A, 1668 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic 1669 1670 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe 1671 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional. 1672 1673 Module snd-trident 1674 ------------------ 1675 1676 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards. 1677 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI 1678 * HIS 4DWave PCI 1679 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI 1680 * AzTech PCI 64-Q3D 1681 * Addonics SV 750 1682 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave 1683 * Shark Predator4D-PCI 1684 * Jaton SonicWave 4D 1685 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio 1686 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX 1687 1688 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM 1689 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb) 1690 1691 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. 1692 1693 The power-management is supported. 1694 1695 Module snd-usb-audio 1696 -------------------- 1697 1698 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices. 1699 1700 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional) 1701 pid - Product ID for the device (optional) 1702 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8) 1703 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes) 1704 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional) 1705 - Influence depends on the device 1706 - Default: 0x0000 1707 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer 1708 interface (default: no) 1709 1710 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. 1711 1712 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs. 1713 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity 1714 check. 1715 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for 1716 debugging purpose (if any). 1717 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing 1718 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some 1719 buggy USB device or the controller. 1720 1721 Module snd-usb-caiaq 1722 -------------------- 1723 1724 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces, 1725 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2 1726 * Native Instruments Kore Controller 1727 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1 1728 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ 1729 1730 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. 1731 1732 Module snd-usb-usx2y 1733 -------------------- 1734 1735 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices. 1736 1737 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. 1738 1739 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included 1740 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages. 1741 1742 Module snd-via82xx 1743 ------------------ 1744 1745 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 1746 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge. 1747 1748 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup 1749 [VIA686A/686B only] 1750 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only] 1751 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz) 1752 dxs_support - support DXS channels, 1753 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable, 1754 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample 1755 rate and different sample rates on different 1756 channels 1757 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only] 1758 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware 1759 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below. 1760 1761 This module supports one chip and autoprobe. 1762 1763 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might 1764 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to 1765 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of 1766 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be 1767 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS. 1768 1769 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound) 1770 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4 1771 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller 1772 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for 1773 each channel. 1774 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen 1775 except for the known devices since the output is often 1776 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the 1777 bug of BIOS. 1778 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other 1779 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us 1780 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of 1781 "lspci -nv"). 1782 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it 1783 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is 1784 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented 1785 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't 1786 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the 1787 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all, 1788 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels. 1789 In any cases, please let us know the result and the 1790 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses" 1791 below. 1792 1793 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver 1794 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only. 1795 1796 The power-management is supported. 1797 1798 Module snd-via82xx-modem 1799 ------------------------ 1800 1801 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem 1802 1803 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz) 1804 1805 This module supports one card and autoprobe. 1806 1807 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first 1808 slot is excluded. 1809 1810 The power-management is supported. 1811 1812 Module snd-virmidi 1813 ------------------ 1814 1815 Module for virtual rawmidi devices. 1816 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate 1817 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports. 1818 1819 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4) 1820 1821 This module supports multiple cards. 1822 1823 Module snd-virtuoso 1824 ------------------- 1825 1826 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips, 1827 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X and HDAV1.3 (Deluxe). 1828 1829 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. 1830 1831 Module snd-vx222 1832 ---------------- 1833 1834 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards. 1835 1836 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI) 1837 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size) 1838 1839 This module supports multiple cards. 1840 1841 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware 1842 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically. 1843 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package. 1844 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the 1845 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke 1846 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf 1847 1848 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader 1849 1850 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to 1851 /etc/modules.conf, instead.) 1852 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size 1853 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too. 1854 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest 1855 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in 1856 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file. 1857 1858 The power-management is supported. 1859 1860 Module snd-vxpocket 1861 ------------------- 1862 1863 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards. 1864 1865 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size) 1866 1867 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when 1868 PCMCIA is supported on kernel. 1869 1870 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card 1871 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the 1872 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no 1873 longer require a config file. 1874 1875 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware 1876 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically. 1877 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package. 1878 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the 1879 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. 1880 1881 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module. 1882 1883 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since 1884 ALSA 1.0.10. 1885 1886 The power-management is supported. 1887 1888 Module snd-ymfpci 1889 ----------------- 1890 1891 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x). 1892 1893 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default, 1894 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only) 1895 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default 1896 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only) 1897 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default, 1898 1 (auto-detect) 1899 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool) 1900 1901 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips. 1902 1903 The power-management is supported. 1904 1905 Module snd-pdaudiocf 1906 -------------------- 1907 1908 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card. 1909 1910 The power-management is supported. 1911 1912 1913AC97 Quirk Option 1914================= 1915 1916The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for 1917specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like 1918snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master 1919and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97 1920specifications from version to version :-) 1921 1922The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices, 1923but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass 1924the proper value with this option. 1925 1926The following strings are accepted: 1927 - default Don't override the default setting 1928 - none Disable the quirk 1929 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control 1930 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls 1931 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls 1932 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone 1933 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode 1934 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation 1935 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED 1936 1937For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, 1938... are accepted, too. 1939 1940For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device 1941but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option. 1942 1943 1944Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards 1945============================ 1946 1947When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules 1948supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp". 1949If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed. 1950For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option 1951together with the proper i/o and irq configuration. 1952 1953When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option 1954will be not built in. 1955 1956 1957Module Autoloading Support 1958========================== 1959 1960The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining 1961module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native 1962devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven. 1963 1964To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string 1965'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which 1966corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this 1967as the same card module. 1968 1969An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below: 1970----- /etc/modprobe.conf 1971alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1 1972alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1 1973----- /etc/modprobe.conf 1974 1975The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module 1976option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1. 1977To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of 1978sound cards in that option. 1979 1980When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index 1981number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of 1982cards is kept consistent. 1983 1984An example configuration for two sound cards is like below: 1985 1986----- /etc/modprobe.conf 1987# ALSA portion 1988options snd cards_limit=2 1989alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave 1990alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371 1991options snd-interwave index=0 1992options snd-ens1371 index=1 1993# OSS/Free portion 1994alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave 1995alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371 1996----- /etc/modprobe.conf 1997 1998In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card 1999(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1). 2000 2001Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use 2002"slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the 2003following: 2004 2005options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371 2006 2007Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and 2008the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each 2009driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at 2010the same time as long as they don't conflict). 2011 2012The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible 2013hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the 2014case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any 2015other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or 2016snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot. 2017 2018When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any 2019modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve 2020the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp. 2021 2022 2023ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping 2024======================================= 2025 2026/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4 2027/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3 2028/dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12 2029/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20 2030/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19 2031/dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28 2032/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36 2033/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39 2034/dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44 2035 2036The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means 2037sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices 2038have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and 2039playback, respectively. 2040 2041Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module 2042options of snd-pcm-oss module. 2043 2044 2045Proc interfaces (/proc/asound) 2046============================== 2047 2048/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss 2049------------------------------- 2050 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications 2051 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]" 2052 2053 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path 2054 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto 2055 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto 2056 <options> - optional parameters 2057 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for 2058 this channel but does not want to use it. 2059 (Cause a bug or mmap needs) 2060 It's good for Quake etc... 2061 - direct don't use plugins 2062 - block force block mode (rvplayer) 2063 - non-block force non-block mode 2064 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting 2065 playback only) 2066 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks 2067 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl 2068 instead of filled blocks 2069 2070 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss 2071 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss 2072 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss 2073 2074 2075Early Buffer Allocation 2076======================= 2077 2078Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and 2079sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is 2080actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the 2081PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its 2082proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like 2083/etc/init.d/*.local scripts. 2084 2085Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current 2086usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following 2087commands to the snd-page-alloc driver: 2088 2089 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS 2090 2091 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take 2092 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex). 2093 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted. 2094 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass 2095 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB. 2096 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater 2097 than 0. The max number is 4. 2098 2099 - erase 2100 2101 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in 2102 use. 2103 2104 2105Links and Addresses 2106=================== 2107 2108 ALSA project homepage 2109 http://www.alsa-project.org 2110 2111 Kernel Bugzilla 2112 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/ 2113 2114 ALSA Developers ML 2115 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org 2116 2117 alsa-info.sh script 2118 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh 2119