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1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Flash memory interface rev.5 driver for the Intel
4  * Flash chips used on the NetWinder.
5  *
6  * 20/08/2000	RMK	use __ioremap to map flash into virtual memory
7  *			make a few more places use "volatile"
8  * 22/05/2001	RMK	- Lock read against write
9  *			- merge printk level changes (with mods) from Alan Cox.
10  *			- use *ppos as the file position, not file->f_pos.
11  *			- fix check for out of range pos and r/w size
12  *
13  * Please note that we are tampering with the only flash chip in the
14  * machine, which contains the bootup code.  We therefore have the
15  * power to convert these machines into doorstops...
16  */
17 
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/types.h>
20 #include <linux/fs.h>
21 #include <linux/errno.h>
22 #include <linux/mm.h>
23 #include <linux/delay.h>
24 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
25 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
26 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
27 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
28 #include <linux/init.h>
29 #include <linux/mutex.h>
30 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
31 
32 #include <asm/hardware/dec21285.h>
33 #include <asm/io.h>
34 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
35 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
36 
37 /*****************************************************************************/
38 #include <asm/nwflash.h>
39 
40 #define	NWFLASH_VERSION "6.4"
41 
42 static DEFINE_MUTEX(flash_mutex);
43 static void kick_open(void);
44 static int get_flash_id(void);
45 static int erase_block(int nBlock);
46 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count);
47 
48 #define KFLASH_SIZE	1024*1024	//1 Meg
49 #define KFLASH_SIZE4	4*1024*1024	//4 Meg
50 #define KFLASH_ID	0x89A6		//Intel flash
51 #define KFLASH_ID4	0xB0D4		//Intel flash 4Meg
52 
53 static bool flashdebug;		//if set - we will display progress msgs
54 
55 static int gbWriteEnable;
56 static int gbWriteBase64Enable;
57 static volatile unsigned char *FLASH_BASE;
58 static int gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE;
59 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nwflash_mutex);
60 
get_flash_id(void)61 static int get_flash_id(void)
62 {
63 	volatile unsigned int c1, c2;
64 
65 	/*
66 	 * try to get flash chip ID
67 	 */
68 	kick_open();
69 	c2 = inb(0x80);
70 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x90;
71 	udelay(15);
72 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) FLASH_BASE;
73 	c2 = inb(0x80);
74 
75 	/*
76 	 * on 4 Meg flash the second byte is actually at offset 2...
77 	 */
78 	if (c1 == 0xB0)
79 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 2);
80 	else
81 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 1);
82 
83 	c2 += (c1 << 8);
84 
85 	/*
86 	 * set it back to read mode
87 	 */
88 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
89 
90 	if (c2 == KFLASH_ID4)
91 		gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE4;
92 
93 	return c2;
94 }
95 
flash_ioctl(struct file * filep,unsigned int cmd,unsigned long arg)96 static long flash_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
97 {
98 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
99 	switch (cmd) {
100 	case CMD_WRITE_DISABLE:
101 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
102 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
103 		break;
104 
105 	case CMD_WRITE_ENABLE:
106 		gbWriteEnable = 1;
107 		break;
108 
109 	case CMD_WRITE_BASE64K_ENABLE:
110 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 1;
111 		break;
112 
113 	default:
114 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
115 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
116 		mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
117 		return -EINVAL;
118 	}
119 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
120 	return 0;
121 }
122 
flash_read(struct file * file,char __user * buf,size_t size,loff_t * ppos)123 static ssize_t flash_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
124 			  loff_t *ppos)
125 {
126 	ssize_t ret;
127 
128 	if (flashdebug)
129 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_read: flash_read: offset=0x%llx, "
130 		       "buffer=%p, count=0x%zx.\n", *ppos, buf, size);
131 	/*
132 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
133 	 */
134 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
135 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
136 
137 	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, size, ppos, (void *)FLASH_BASE, gbFlashSize);
138 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
139 
140 	return ret;
141 }
142 
flash_write(struct file * file,const char __user * buf,size_t size,loff_t * ppos)143 static ssize_t flash_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
144 			   size_t size, loff_t * ppos)
145 {
146 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
147 	unsigned int count = size;
148 	int written;
149 	int nBlock, temp, rc;
150 	int i, j;
151 
152 	if (flashdebug)
153 		printk("flash_write: offset=0x%lX, buffer=0x%p, count=0x%X.\n",
154 		       p, buf, count);
155 
156 	if (!gbWriteEnable)
157 		return -EINVAL;
158 
159 	if (p < 64 * 1024 && (!gbWriteBase64Enable))
160 		return -EINVAL;
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * check for out of range pos or count
164 	 */
165 	if (p >= gbFlashSize)
166 		return count ? -ENXIO : 0;
167 
168 	if (count > gbFlashSize - p)
169 		count = gbFlashSize - p;
170 
171 	if (!access_ok(buf, count))
172 		return -EFAULT;
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
176 	 */
177 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
178 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
179 
180 	written = 0;
181 
182 	nBlock = (int) p >> 16;	//block # of 64K bytes
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * # of 64K blocks to erase and write
186 	 */
187 	temp = ((int) (p + count) >> 16) - nBlock + 1;
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * write ends at exactly 64k boundary?
191 	 */
192 	if (((int) (p + count) & 0xFFFF) == 0)
193 		temp -= 1;
194 
195 	if (flashdebug)
196 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing %d block(s) "
197 			"starting at %d.\n", temp, nBlock);
198 
199 	for (; temp; temp--, nBlock++) {
200 		if (flashdebug)
201 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: erasing block %d.\n", nBlock);
202 
203 		/*
204 		 * first we have to erase the block(s), where we will write...
205 		 */
206 		i = 0;
207 		j = 0;
208 	  RetryBlock:
209 		do {
210 			rc = erase_block(nBlock);
211 			i++;
212 		} while (rc && i < 10);
213 
214 		if (rc) {
215 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: erase error %x\n", rc);
216 			break;
217 		}
218 		if (flashdebug)
219 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing offset %lX, "
220 			       "from buf %p, bytes left %X.\n", p, buf,
221 			       count - written);
222 
223 		/*
224 		 * write_block will limit write to space left in this block
225 		 */
226 		rc = write_block(p, buf, count - written);
227 		j++;
228 
229 		/*
230 		 * if somehow write verify failed? Can't happen??
231 		 */
232 		if (!rc) {
233 			/*
234 			 * retry up to 10 times
235 			 */
236 			if (j < 10)
237 				goto RetryBlock;
238 			else
239 				/*
240 				 * else quit with error...
241 				 */
242 				rc = -1;
243 
244 		}
245 		if (rc < 0) {
246 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: write error %X\n", rc);
247 			break;
248 		}
249 		p += rc;
250 		buf += rc;
251 		written += rc;
252 		*ppos += rc;
253 
254 		if (flashdebug)
255 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: written 0x%X bytes OK.\n", written);
256 	}
257 
258 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
259 
260 	return written;
261 }
262 
263 
264 /*
265  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
266  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
267  * though, in that case (0).
268  *
269  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
270  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
271  */
flash_llseek(struct file * file,loff_t offset,int orig)272 static loff_t flash_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
273 {
274 	loff_t ret;
275 
276 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
277 	if (flashdebug)
278 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_llseek: offset=0x%X, orig=0x%X.\n",
279 		       (unsigned int) offset, orig);
280 
281 	ret = no_seek_end_llseek_size(file, offset, orig, gbFlashSize);
282 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
283 	return ret;
284 }
285 
286 
287 /*
288  * assume that main Write routine did the parameter checking...
289  * so just go ahead and erase, what requested!
290  */
291 
erase_block(int nBlock)292 static int erase_block(int nBlock)
293 {
294 	volatile unsigned int c1;
295 	volatile unsigned char *pWritePtr;
296 	unsigned long timeout;
297 	int temp, temp1;
298 
299 	/*
300 	 * reset footbridge to the correct offset 0 (...0..3)
301 	 */
302 	*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = 0;
303 
304 	/*
305 	 * dummy ROM read
306 	 */
307 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
308 
309 	kick_open();
310 	/*
311 	 * reset status if old errors
312 	 */
313 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
314 
315 	/*
316 	 * erase a block...
317 	 * aim at the middle of a current block...
318 	 */
319 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000 + (nBlock << 16)));
320 	/*
321 	 * dummy read
322 	 */
323 	c1 = *pWritePtr;
324 
325 	kick_open();
326 	/*
327 	 * erase
328 	 */
329 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0x20;
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * confirm
333 	 */
334 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xD0;
335 
336 	/*
337 	 * wait 10 ms
338 	 */
339 	msleep(10);
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * wait while erasing in process (up to 10 sec)
343 	 */
344 	timeout = jiffies + 10 * HZ;
345 	c1 = 0;
346 	while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
347 		msleep(10);
348 		/*
349 		 * read any address
350 		 */
351 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (pWritePtr);
352 		//              printk("Flash_erase: status=%X.\n",c1);
353 	}
354 
355 	/*
356 	 * set flash for normal read access
357 	 */
358 	kick_open();
359 //      *(volatile unsigned char*)(FLASH_BASE+0x8000) = 0xFF;
360 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xFF;	//back to normal operation
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * check if erase errors were reported
364 	 */
365 	if (c1 & 0x20) {
366 		printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: err at %p\n", pWritePtr);
367 
368 		/*
369 		 * reset error
370 		 */
371 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
372 		return -2;
373 	}
374 
375 	/*
376 	 * just to make sure - verify if erased OK...
377 	 */
378 	msleep(10);
379 
380 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + (nBlock << 16)));
381 
382 	for (temp = 0; temp < 16 * 1024; temp++, pWritePtr += 4) {
383 		if ((temp1 = *(volatile unsigned int *) pWritePtr) != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
384 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: verify err at %p = %X\n",
385 			       pWritePtr, temp1);
386 			return -1;
387 		}
388 	}
389 
390 	return 0;
391 
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * write_block will limit number of bytes written to the space in this block
396  */
write_block(unsigned long p,const char __user * buf,int count)397 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count)
398 {
399 	volatile unsigned int c1;
400 	volatile unsigned int c2;
401 	unsigned char *pWritePtr;
402 	unsigned int uAddress;
403 	unsigned int offset;
404 	unsigned long timeout;
405 	unsigned long timeout1;
406 
407 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
408 
409 	/*
410 	 * check if write will end in this block....
411 	 */
412 	offset = p & 0xFFFF;
413 
414 	if (offset + count > 0x10000)
415 		count = 0x10000 - offset;
416 
417 	/*
418 	 * wait up to 30 sec for this block
419 	 */
420 	timeout = jiffies + 30 * HZ;
421 
422 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++, pWritePtr++) {
423 		uAddress = (unsigned int) pWritePtr;
424 		uAddress &= 0xFFFFFFFC;
425 		if (__get_user(c2, buf + offset))
426 			return -EFAULT;
427 
428 	  WriteRetry:
429 	  	/*
430 	  	 * dummy read
431 	  	 */
432 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
433 
434 		/*
435 		 * kick open the write gate
436 		 */
437 		kick_open();
438 
439 		/*
440 		 * program footbridge to the correct offset...0..3
441 		 */
442 		*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = (unsigned int) pWritePtr & 3;
443 
444 		/*
445 		 * write cmd
446 		 */
447 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = 0x40;
448 
449 		/*
450 		 * data to write
451 		 */
452 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = c2;
453 
454 		/*
455 		 * get status
456 		 */
457 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x10000) = 0x70;
458 
459 		c1 = 0;
460 
461 		/*
462 		 * wait up to 1 sec for this byte
463 		 */
464 		timeout1 = jiffies + 1 * HZ;
465 
466 		/*
467 		 * while not ready...
468 		 */
469 		while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout1))
470 			c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
471 
472 		/*
473 		 * if timeout getting status
474 		 */
475 		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, timeout1)) {
476 			kick_open();
477 			/*
478 			 * reset err
479 			 */
480 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
481 
482 			goto WriteRetry;
483 		}
484 		/*
485 		 * switch on read access, as a default flash operation mode
486 		 */
487 		kick_open();
488 		/*
489 		 * read access
490 		 */
491 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
492 
493 		/*
494 		 * if hardware reports an error writing, and not timeout -
495 		 * reset the chip and retry
496 		 */
497 		if (c1 & 0x10) {
498 			kick_open();
499 			/*
500 			 * reset err
501 			 */
502 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
503 
504 			/*
505 			 * before timeout?
506 			 */
507 			if (time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
508 				if (flashdebug)
509 					printk(KERN_DEBUG "write_block: Retrying write at 0x%X)n",
510 					       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
511 
512 				/*
513 				 * wait couple ms
514 				 */
515 				msleep(10);
516 
517 				goto WriteRetry;
518 			} else {
519 				printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: timeout at 0x%X\n",
520 				       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
521 				/*
522 				 * return error -2
523 				 */
524 				return -2;
525 
526 			}
527 		}
528 	}
529 
530 	msleep(10);
531 
532 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
533 
534 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++) {
535 		char c, c1;
536 		if (__get_user(c, buf))
537 			return -EFAULT;
538 		buf++;
539 		if ((c1 = *pWritePtr++) != c) {
540 			printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: verify error at 0x%X (%02X!=%02X)\n",
541 			       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE, c1, c);
542 			return 0;
543 		}
544 	}
545 
546 	return count;
547 }
548 
549 
kick_open(void)550 static void kick_open(void)
551 {
552 	unsigned long flags;
553 
554 	/*
555 	 * we want to write a bit pattern XXX1 to Xilinx to enable
556 	 * the write gate, which will be open for about the next 2ms.
557 	 */
558 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
559 	nw_cpld_modify(CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE, CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE);
560 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
561 
562 	/*
563 	 * let the ISA bus to catch on...
564 	 */
565 	udelay(25);
566 }
567 
568 static const struct file_operations flash_fops =
569 {
570 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
571 	.llseek		= flash_llseek,
572 	.read		= flash_read,
573 	.write		= flash_write,
574 	.unlocked_ioctl	= flash_ioctl,
575 };
576 
577 static struct miscdevice flash_miscdev =
578 {
579 	FLASH_MINOR,
580 	"nwflash",
581 	&flash_fops
582 };
583 
nwflash_init(void)584 static int __init nwflash_init(void)
585 {
586 	int ret = -ENODEV;
587 
588 	if (machine_is_netwinder()) {
589 		int id;
590 
591 		FLASH_BASE = ioremap(DC21285_FLASH, KFLASH_SIZE4);
592 		if (!FLASH_BASE)
593 			goto out;
594 
595 		id = get_flash_id();
596 		if ((id != KFLASH_ID) && (id != KFLASH_ID4)) {
597 			ret = -ENXIO;
598 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
599 			printk("Flash: incorrect ID 0x%04X.\n", id);
600 			goto out;
601 		}
602 
603 		printk("Flash ROM driver v.%s, flash device ID 0x%04X, size %d Mb.\n",
604 		       NWFLASH_VERSION, id, gbFlashSize / (1024 * 1024));
605 
606 		ret = misc_register(&flash_miscdev);
607 		if (ret < 0) {
608 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
609 		}
610 	}
611 out:
612 	return ret;
613 }
614 
nwflash_exit(void)615 static void __exit nwflash_exit(void)
616 {
617 	misc_deregister(&flash_miscdev);
618 	iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
619 }
620 
621 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
622 
623 module_param(flashdebug, bool, 0644);
624 
625 module_init(nwflash_init);
626 module_exit(nwflash_exit);
627